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To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Date: Thu, 2 Jun 2016 13:21:54 -0800
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Subject: [Trans] IETF 96
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Hi, all:

We've put in a session request for the upcoming IETF meeting,
but may choose to cancel it if we feel that there's not enough
activity on the mailing list to justify it.  If you feel you've
got an issue that needs face-to-face discussion, 1) get a
mailing list discussion going, and 2) let us know.

We are in wg last call for the -bis document and will restart
last call on the threat analysis when we get the go-ahead from
the authors, and we would be grateful for review.  It may
be the case that something falls out of last call that needs
face time to resolve.  But we won't know if we don't get
comments.

Thanks,

Melinda


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From: Linus Nordberg <linus@nordu.net>
To: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
Organization: NORDUnet A/S
References: <87wpn9322u.fsf@alice.fifthhorseman.net> <CABrd9SSx2PZVuGx0zu7tVQz=xQCSoN2PfQJEcMrPibTFU8s7hw@mail.gmail.com> <87lh37mj2m.fsf@nordberg.se> <CABrd9STm3iRm4Ngo999usogN5J9sBhrxtvJRB4LOpgpRG_OWKw@mail.gmail.com> <874m9uf64o.fsf@nordberg.se> <CALzYgEf0vVO6kykSs7+BqckUHcQhU=b34hTdVXfGDxyPAFkh2Q@mail.gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 03 Jun 2016 13:01:54 +0200
In-Reply-To: <CALzYgEf0vVO6kykSs7+BqckUHcQhU=b34hTdVXfGDxyPAFkh2Q@mail.gmail.com> (Eran Messeri's message of "Thu, 19 May 2016 18:07:01 +0100")
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Cc: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>, Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net>
Subject: Re: [Trans] evaluating an SCT in the absence of the cert's issuer key
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Hi,

I like that -- if you're not gossiping SCT plus full chain, gossip SCT
plus the input needed for producing the real unique key of the log,
i.e. the merkle tree leaf. Making it mandatory should not complicate the
gossip protocol much, but I'll investigate.

Regarding your first point for why an SCT alone is not useful, I'm not
sure that I understand how a log could drop such a reqeust. If a log
doesn't reply to a request it's supposed to support it's misbehaving,
isn't it?  And SCT's are certainly signed so the log can indeed be held
accountable.

I agree that implementing a "best effort" get-entry-by-sct request is
trivial -- try verifying the SCT against all entries until you find the
match, return the match. Using the timestamp as a hint of where to start
looking is probably a good optimisation. It might even be efficient.


Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com> wrote
Thu, 19 May 2016 18:07:01 +0100:

> Back to dkg's original question, I'd suggest gossiping the MerkleTreeLeaf
> (RFC6962) / TransItem containing TimestampedCertificateEntryDataV2
> (RFC6962-bis).
>
> For each of the protocols, that's the data structure necessary to validate
> the signature in the SCT *and* to audit the log (because these data
> structures themselves are not signed they cannot be the only thing that's
> gossiped).
>
> IMHO gossiping only the SCT is not very useful, even if logs offer
> get-entry-by-sct:
> * A log could deny / drop such a request (as it's not signed), in which
> case the client's recourse is a download of the entire log.
> * Without the data covered by the signature, there's no meaningful
> auditing: the entity holding the SCT does not know which certificate hasn't
> been incorporated into the log.
>
> Re get-entry-by-sct, as it does complicate implementation, one option is to
> make this API optional (which is a particularly viable approach as it can
> be implemented by a log mirror based on data from a log that does not
> implement it).
>
> Eran
>
>
> On Thu, May 19, 2016 at 3:56 PM, Linus Nordberg <linus@nordu.net> wrote:
>
>> Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote
>> Wed, 18 May 2016 18:30:37 +0100:
>>
>> | On 18 May 2016 at 17:23, Linus Nordberg <linus@nordu.net> wrote:
>> | > Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote
>> | > Fri, 13 May 2016 15:56:44 +0100:
>> | >
>> | > | Actually, it seems to me that the simplest answer is to allow lookups
>> | > | in logs based on SCT alone. Then the SCT can be validated using the
>> | > | retrieved chain.
>> | >
>> | > That seems odd. From a logs point of view, an SCT is not a persistent
>> | > object.
>> | >
>> | > I don't know about other implementations but catlfish would not be able
>> | > to efficiently find an entry in the database given only an SCT.
>> |
>> | Are you saying there's some technical barrier to doing this, or just
>> | that as it stands you wouldn't be able to?
>>
>> I was being inprecise. I should have said that it would require some
>> redesign.
>>
>>
>> | It seems to me that the log could easily save SCTs it issued alongside
>> | the cert chains it issued them for.
>>
>> All SCT's for every chain, I presume, if there's going to be any point
>> in offering a lookup with an SCT as input? This would complicate things
>> at least in our design. I'm sure it could be solved at the price of more
>> complexity.
>>
>>
>> | And that it could easily create an index based on those SCTs.
>>
>>
>> | Note that 6962-bis already requires you to return SCTs in some lookups...
>>
>> You meen get-entries? I don't see how that's relevant. An SCT can be
>> generated given the data in leaf_input. No need to store it, unless you
>> wanted to for caching of course (we do that on frontend nodes). There's
>> a big difference between doing this and indexing on SCT's though.
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Trans mailing list
>> Trans@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans


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From: Linus Nordberg <linus@nordu.net>
To: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Organization: NORDUnet A/S
References: <87wpn9322u.fsf@alice.fifthhorseman.net> <CABrd9SSx2PZVuGx0zu7tVQz=xQCSoN2PfQJEcMrPibTFU8s7hw@mail.gmail.com> <87lh37mj2m.fsf@nordberg.se> <CABrd9STm3iRm4Ngo999usogN5J9sBhrxtvJRB4LOpgpRG_OWKw@mail.gmail.com> <874m9uf64o.fsf@nordberg.se> <CABrd9SRsAmvZyzY0q4-xzb1dUXOJKVJQxcLy13Jy3SL2jrZW1A@mail.gmail.com>
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Cc: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>, Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net>
Subject: Re: [Trans] evaluating an SCT in the absence of the cert's issuer key
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Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote
Tue, 24 May 2016 11:25:15 +0100:

> On 19 May 2016 at 15:56, Linus Nordberg <linus@nordu.net> wrote:
>> Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote
>> Wed, 18 May 2016 18:30:37 +0100:
>>
>> | On 18 May 2016 at 17:23, Linus Nordberg <linus@nordu.net> wrote:
>> | > Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote
>> | > Fri, 13 May 2016 15:56:44 +0100:
>> | >
>> | > | Actually, it seems to me that the simplest answer is to allow lookups
>> | > | in logs based on SCT alone. Then the SCT can be validated using the
>> | > | retrieved chain.
>> | >
>> | > That seems odd. From a logs point of view, an SCT is not a persistent
>> | > object.
>> | >
>> | > I don't know about other implementations but catlfish would not be able
>> | > to efficiently find an entry in the database given only an SCT.
>> |
>> | Are you saying there's some technical barrier to doing this, or just
>> | that as it stands you wouldn't be able to?
>>
>> I was being inprecise. I should have said that it would require some
>> redesign.
>>
>>
>> | It seems to me that the log could easily save SCTs it issued alongside
>> | the cert chains it issued them for.
>>
>> All SCT's for every chain, I presume, if there's going to be any point
>> in offering a lookup with an SCT as input? This would complicate things
>> at least in our design. I'm sure it could be solved at the price of more
>> complexity.
>
> We were reviewing the spec for 6962-bis, and we believe it is not
> possible to have more than one SCT for any particular log entry.

I agree.

There can be more than one log entry with the same chain though, each of
which at submission returned a separate SCT. But that's beside the point
so to answer my own question: Yes, all SCT's for every chain, one per
entry. :)


>> | And that it could easily create an index based on those SCTs.
>>
>>
>> | Note that 6962-bis already requires you to return SCTs in some lookups...
>>
>> You meen get-entries? I don't see how that's relevant. An SCT can be
>> generated given the data in leaf_input. No need to store it, unless you
>> wanted to for caching of course (we do that on frontend nodes). There's
>> a big difference between doing this and indexing on SCT's though.
>
> I agree there's a difference. I am curious what architecture makes it
> a big difference, though!

Here's why adding SCT's to the database is hard in our implementation.


- SCT's can not be included in the entry stored in the database

Our system doesn't trust its frontend nodes. Therefore our signing nodes
refuse to produce an SCT for an entry until they know that the entry has
been stored at a configured quorum of storage nodes.

Once an entry has been stored it doesn't change.

>From this follows that the SCT can not be included in the entry.


- SCT's can not easily be added to the database, like in a new table or
  similar

We don't have a database distribution mechanism for anything else than
log entries that almost always already are present at all storage
nodes. Adding a new type of data is doable but will take some redesign.


- One a side note, good we require deterministic signature algorithms

Using an SCT as a unique key seems hard at first, until you realise that
6962-bis mandates deterministic signatures. This is fortunate if your
key-value store isn't multi-value, which ours is not (because
complicated if you want to write once and never change, only append).


Design documents for catlfish, the database and one of the database
backends below. Happy to talk more about this.

- https://git.nordu.net/?p=catlfish.git;a=blob;f=doc/design.txt
- https://git.nordu.net/?p=plop.git;a=blob;f=doc/db.md
- https://git.nordu.net/?p=plop.git;a=blob;f=doc/permdb.md


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Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote
Thu, 2 Jun 2016 13:21:54 -0800:

> We've put in a session request for the upcoming IETF meeting,
> but may choose to cancel it if we feel that there's not enough
> activity on the mailing list to justify it.  If you feel you've
> got an issue that needs face-to-face discussion, 1) get a
> mailing list discussion going, and 2) let us know.

CT Gossip will see an update before Berlin, hopefully removing enough
TBD's to make it move towards last call.


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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Jun 2016 12:01:19 -0700
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Subject: [Trans] Section 5.1 (Accepting Submissions) revision
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Section 5.1 has a requirement that a log MUST only accept certificates
(or precertificates) that include a full valid chain to a trusted root
in the submission.  This appears to exclude any option for a log to
have a priori knowledge of intermediate CAs and accept submissions
with incomplete chains.  It also means that the log cannot decide to
accept certificates that are incorrectly constructed by the CA.

I would suggest the following alternative for the first paragraph of 5.1:

Logs SHOULD verify that each submitted certificate or precertificate
has a valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor, using the
chain of intermediate CA certificates provided by the submitter. Logs
MUST accept certificates and precertificates that are fully valid
according to <xref target="RFC5280">RFC 5280</xref> verification rules
and are submitted with such a chain. Logs MAY accept certificates and
precertificates that have expired, are not yet valid, have been
revoked, or are otherwise not fully valid according to RFC 5280
verification rules in order to accommodate quirks of CA
certificate-issuing software. However, logs MUST reject submissions
without a known valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.
Logs SHOULD also reject precertificates that do not conform to the
requirements in <xref target="Precertificates"/>.  Logs MAY accept
objects other than certificates and precertificates that have a known
valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.

Thanks,
Peter


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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Jun 2016 23:17:07 +0100
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On 4 June 2016 at 20:01, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:

> Section 5.1 has a requirement that a log MUST only accept certificates
> (or precertificates) that include a full valid chain to a trusted root
> in the submission.  This appears to exclude any option for a log to
> have a priori knowledge of intermediate CAs and accept submissions
> with incomplete chains.  It also means that the log cannot decide to
> accept certificates that are incorrectly constructed by the CA.
>
> I would suggest the following alternative for the first paragraph of 5.1:
>
> Logs SHOULD verify that each submitted certificate or precertificate
> has a valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor, using the
> chain of intermediate CA certificates provided by the submitter. Logs
> MUST accept certificates and precertificates that are fully valid
> according to <xref target="RFC5280">RFC 5280</xref> verification rules
> and are submitted with such a chain. Logs MAY accept certificates and
> precertificates that have expired, are not yet valid, have been
> revoked, or are otherwise not fully valid according to RFC 5280
> verification rules in order to accommodate quirks of CA
> certificate-issuing software. However, logs MUST reject submissions
> without a known valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.
> Logs SHOULD also reject precertificates that do not conform to the
> requirements in <xref target="Precertificates"/>.  Logs MAY accept
> objects other than certificates and precertificates that have a known
> valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.
>

I think this is all getting too complicated and in the wrong direction.

The intent of this section was that logs should have some mechanism to
control spam. We (the authors) had decided that the mechanism was going to
be "issued by a trusted CA" for some value of "trusted", which is fine, but
should not have been enshrined.

The intent is that logs should contain information that may or may not be
of interest to you. They are not arbiters of truth or correctness (other
than their own honesty). Spam makes logs difficult to use, so they need a
spam control mechanism. But we should not mandate what that mechanism is.

Yes, I am saying my own I-D is wrong. :-)

I think the fix is to say that logs should take measures to limit their
size, e.g. "chains up to a trusted CA", but not mandate what that mechanism
is.

Browsers, monitors, etc, can make up their own minds what a reasonable size
for a log is. Presumably something not wildly different from the size of
the set of certs they are interested in.


> Thanks,
> Peter
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 4 June 2016 at 20:01, Peter Bowen <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"m=
ailto:pzbowen@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">pzbowen@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span>=
 wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;bor=
der-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Section 5.1 has a requirement tha=
t a log MUST only accept certificates<br>
(or precertificates) that include a full valid chain to a trusted root<br>
in the submission.=C2=A0 This appears to exclude any option for a log to<br=
>
have a priori knowledge of intermediate CAs and accept submissions<br>
with incomplete chains.=C2=A0 It also means that the log cannot decide to<b=
r>
accept certificates that are incorrectly constructed by the CA.<br>
<br>
I would suggest the following alternative for the first paragraph of 5.1:<b=
r>
<br>
Logs SHOULD verify that each submitted certificate or precertificate<br>
has a valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor, using the<br>
chain of intermediate CA certificates provided by the submitter. Logs<br>
MUST accept certificates and precertificates that are fully valid<br>
according to &lt;xref target=3D&quot;RFC5280&quot;&gt;RFC 5280&lt;/xref&gt;=
 verification rules<br>
and are submitted with such a chain. Logs MAY accept certificates and<br>
precertificates that have expired, are not yet valid, have been<br>
revoked, or are otherwise not fully valid according to RFC 5280<br>
verification rules in order to accommodate quirks of CA<br>
certificate-issuing software. However, logs MUST reject submissions<br>
without a known valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.<br>
Logs SHOULD also reject precertificates that do not conform to the<br>
requirements in &lt;xref target=3D&quot;Precertificates&quot;/&gt;.=C2=A0 L=
ogs MAY accept<br>
objects other than certificates and precertificates that have a known<br>
valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.<br></blockquote><div><br=
></div><div>I think this is all getting too complicated and in the wrong di=
rection.</div><div><br></div><div>The intent of this section was that logs =
should have some mechanism to control spam. We (the authors) had decided th=
at the mechanism was going to be &quot;issued by a trusted CA&quot; for som=
e value of &quot;trusted&quot;, which is fine, but should not have been ens=
hrined.</div><div><br></div><div>The intent is that logs should contain inf=
ormation that may or may not be of interest to you. They are not arbiters o=
f truth or correctness (other than their own honesty). Spam makes logs diff=
icult to use, so they need a spam control mechanism. But we should not mand=
ate what that mechanism is.</div><div><br></div><div>Yes, I am saying my ow=
n I-D is wrong. :-)</div><div><br></div><div>I think the fix is to say that=
 logs should take measures to limit their size, e.g. &quot;chains up to a t=
rusted CA&quot;, but not mandate what that mechanism is.</div><div><br></di=
v><div>Browsers, monitors, etc, can make up their own minds what a reasonab=
le size for a log is. Presumably something not wildly different from the si=
ze of the set of certs they are interested in.</div><div><br></div><blockqu=
ote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc s=
olid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Thanks,<br>
Peter<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a113fd58632914005347b33cd--


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From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Date: Sat, 4 Jun 2016 18:19:52 -0400
To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Archived-At: <http://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/qwgsJL0kxtgxEozK46PBmAlY5-E>
Cc: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Section 5.1 (Accepting Submissions) revision
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As long as it chains to a valid root, wouldn't we want to log it? So we beco=
me aware of previously unknown intermediates?

Paul

Sent from my iPhone

> On Jun 4, 2016, at 15:01, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:
>=20
> Section 5.1 has a requirement that a log MUST only accept certificates
> (or precertificates) that include a full valid chain to a trusted root
> in the submission.  This appears to exclude any option for a log to
> have a priori knowledge of intermediate CAs and accept submissions
> with incomplete chains.  It also means that the log cannot decide to
> accept certificates that are incorrectly constructed by the CA.
>=20
> I would suggest the following alternative for the first paragraph of 5.1:
>=20
> Logs SHOULD verify that each submitted certificate or precertificate
> has a valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor, using the
> chain of intermediate CA certificates provided by the submitter. Logs
> MUST accept certificates and precertificates that are fully valid
> according to <xref target=3D"RFC5280">RFC 5280</xref> verification rules
> and are submitted with such a chain. Logs MAY accept certificates and
> precertificates that have expired, are not yet valid, have been
> revoked, or are otherwise not fully valid according to RFC 5280
> verification rules in order to accommodate quirks of CA
> certificate-issuing software. However, logs MUST reject submissions
> without a known valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.
> Logs SHOULD also reject precertificates that do not conform to the
> requirements in <xref target=3D"Precertificates"/>.  Logs MAY accept
> objects other than certificates and precertificates that have a known
> valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.
>=20
> Thanks,
> Peter
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans


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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Section 5.1 (Accepting Submissions) revision
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On Sat, Jun 4, 2016 at 3:17 PM, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:
>
>
> On 4 June 2016 at 20:01, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>> Section 5.1 has a requirement that a log MUST only accept certificates
>> (or precertificates) that include a full valid chain to a trusted root
>> in the submission.  This appears to exclude any option for a log to
>> have a priori knowledge of intermediate CAs and accept submissions
>> with incomplete chains.  It also means that the log cannot decide to
>> accept certificates that are incorrectly constructed by the CA.
>>
>> I would suggest the following alternative for the first paragraph of 5.1:
>>
>> Logs SHOULD verify that each submitted certificate or precertificate
>> has a valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor, using the
>> chain of intermediate CA certificates provided by the submitter. Logs
>> MUST accept certificates and precertificates that are fully valid
>> according to <xref target="RFC5280">RFC 5280</xref> verification rules
>> and are submitted with such a chain. Logs MAY accept certificates and
>> precertificates that have expired, are not yet valid, have been
>> revoked, or are otherwise not fully valid according to RFC 5280
>> verification rules in order to accommodate quirks of CA
>> certificate-issuing software. However, logs MUST reject submissions
>> without a known valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.
>> Logs SHOULD also reject precertificates that do not conform to the
>> requirements in <xref target="Precertificates"/>.  Logs MAY accept
>> objects other than certificates and precertificates that have a known
>> valid signature chain to an accepted trust anchor.
>
>
> I think this is all getting too complicated and in the wrong direction.
>
> The intent of this section was that logs should have some mechanism to
> control spam. We (the authors) had decided that the mechanism was going to
> be "issued by a trusted CA" for some value of "trusted", which is fine, but
> should not have been enshrined.
>
> The intent is that logs should contain information that may or may not be of
> interest to you. They are not arbiters of truth or correctness (other than
> their own honesty). Spam makes logs difficult to use, so they need a spam
> control mechanism. But we should not mandate what that mechanism is.
>
> Yes, I am saying my own I-D is wrong. :-)
>
> I think the fix is to say that logs should take measures to limit their
> size, e.g. "chains up to a trusted CA", but not mandate what that mechanism
> is.
>
> Browsers, monitors, etc, can make up their own minds what a reasonable size
> for a log is. Presumably something not wildly different from the size of the
> set of certs they are interested in.

Ah, good.  My preference is that the I-D/RFC only discuss the
technical details and leave policy to the log operator.  Given that
the doc is in last call, I was trying to take a compromise approach by
leaving in most of the existing text.

What about just removing the whole first paragraph?

Thanks,
Peter


From nobody Mon Jun  6 10:29:39 2016
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Date: Mon, 6 Jun 2016 10:29:35 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
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Subject: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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When name redaction is used, certificates with different DNS names
(but which are otherwise identical) can have the same reconstructed
TBSCertificate, and can therefore be paired with an SCT for the
same pre-certificate.

This enables the following attack:

1. A CA issues a legitimate certificate for www1.example.com and logs a
pre-certificate for ?.example.com.  A monitor for example.com knows the
pre-certificate is legitimate because it matches a known certificate
for www1.example.com.

2. The CA misbehaves and issues an unauthorized certificate for
www2.example.com which, except for the DNS name, has exactly the same
details (including serial number and public key) as the certificate for
www1.example.com.  The CA does not log a certificate or pre-certificate.

3. An attacker serves the rogue certificate for www2.example.com along
with the SCT for the ?.example.com pre-certificate.  TLS clients accept
it because the TBSCertificate that is reconstructed from the certificate
matches the TBSCertificate of the pre-certificate.  Monitors have no
idea that there is a rogue certificate for www2.example.com.

Although this attack is limited because it requires the rogue
certificate to use the same key as the legitimate certificate, it's
still a problem. The private key for the legitimate certificate might
be controlled by a third party that is authorized to operate one
sub-domain of example.com not not another. It also means that the
compromise of one certificate's key could be used to attack other
sub-domains.

This should be fixed.  I'm implementing a monitor that supports name
redaction, and the only viable way I can find to handle name redacted
pre-certificates is to match them against a database of known
certificates.  Otherwise, the domain owner is left uncertain what the
redacted labels are.  If a pre-certificate can correspond to more than
one certificate, the uncertainty can never be eliminated.

One fix is to replace redacted labels not with '?' but with a salted
cryptographic hash of the label, with the salt specified in the
Redacted Labels Certificate Extension.  (This is similar to the
proposal by Peter Bowen to use CRC-32 two years ago[1], except a
cryptographic hash is used for pre-image resistance, and a salt is
used to prevent dictionary attacks.)  Unfortunately, this increases
complexity.

Regards,
Andrew

[1] https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/pbooERCZ9hAn8GmVVkWLKaDzq9Y


From nobody Mon Jun  6 10:53:08 2016
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Date: Mon, 6 Jun 2016 13:52:57 -0400 (EDT)
From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
To: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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On Mon, 6 Jun 2016, Andrew Ayer wrote:

> This enables the following attack:
>
> 1. A CA issues a legitimate certificate for www1.example.com and logs a
> pre-certificate for ?.example.com.  A monitor for example.com knows the
> pre-certificate is legitimate because it matches a known certificate
> for www1.example.com.
>
> 2. The CA misbehaves and issues an unauthorized certificate for
> www2.example.com which, except for the DNS name, has exactly the same
> details (including serial number and public key) as the certificate for
> www1.example.com.  The CA does not log a certificate or pre-certificate.
>
> 3. An attacker serves the rogue certificate for www2.example.com along
> with the SCT for the ?.example.com pre-certificate.  TLS clients accept
> it because the TBSCertificate that is reconstructed from the certificate
> matches the TBSCertificate of the pre-certificate.  Monitors have no
> idea that there is a rogue certificate for www2.example.com.

That means the attacker has the private key?

I guess when the second certificate would be logged, this would show up
as mis-issued, and possibly both certificates would get revoked?

Wouldn't that be the system working as intended?

Paul


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Date: Mon, 6 Jun 2016 11:17:44 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Trans <trans@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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On Mon, 6 Jun 2016 13:52:57 -0400 (EDT)
Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:

> On Mon, 6 Jun 2016, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> 
> > This enables the following attack:
> >
> > 1. A CA issues a legitimate certificate for www1.example.com and
> > logs a pre-certificate for ?.example.com.  A monitor for
> > example.com knows the pre-certificate is legitimate because it
> > matches a known certificate for www1.example.com.
> >
> > 2. The CA misbehaves and issues an unauthorized certificate for
> > www2.example.com which, except for the DNS name, has exactly the
> > same details (including serial number and public key) as the
> > certificate for www1.example.com.  The CA does not log a
> > certificate or pre-certificate.
> >
> > 3. An attacker serves the rogue certificate for www2.example.com
> > along with the SCT for the ?.example.com pre-certificate.  TLS
> > clients accept it because the TBSCertificate that is reconstructed
> > from the certificate matches the TBSCertificate of the
> > pre-certificate.  Monitors have no idea that there is a rogue
> > certificate for www2.example.com.
> 
> That means the attacker has the private key?

Yes, but that only limits the attack, not eliminate it.  It means that
if the attacker gets the private key for one host, they can
(with CA collusion) pivot to attacking other hosts whose names match
the same redaction pattern.

> I guess when the second certificate would be logged, this would show
> up as mis-issued, and possibly both certificates would get revoked?

The second certificate would never be logged.  The way that logging is
enforced is that clients reject certificates that aren't accompanied by
a valid SCT.  But since an SCT for the first certificate's
pre-certificate can be used to prove that the second certificate was
logged, clients can be tricked into accepting the second certificate
even if it was never logged.

That's basically the crux of the problem - with name redaction, SCTs do
not prove that a certificate was logged, they only prove that some
pre-certificate matching the name redacted pattern was logged.  I argue
that for monitoring to be useful, SCTs need to prove that a
pre-certificate matching the exact name was logged.

Regards,
Andrew


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Ben,

I disagree with the suggestion to relegate all "spam" control mechanisms to
per-log, locally-determined controls. This is another example of 6269-bis
not being written as a standard, but as just a set of guidelines. Allowing
another way for logs to behave in a fashion that is not predictable by 
log clients,
except, perhaps, by trial and error, is not, IMHO, a good idea.

Steve


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On 7 June 2016 at 20:59, Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com> wrote:

> Ben,
>
> I disagree with the suggestion to relegate all "spam" control mechanisms to
> per-log, locally-determined controls. This is another example of 6269-bis
> not being written as a standard, but as just a set of guidelines. Allowing
> another way for logs to behave in a fashion that is not predictable by log
> clients,
> except, perhaps, by trial and error, is not, IMHO, a good idea.
>

The point here is to allow logs to be more liberal in what they accept,
which is surely a benefit? Logs should still be required to accept
well-formed chains to known roots, that I definitely agree with.



>
> Steve
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 7 June 2016 at 20:59, Stephen Kent <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"=
mailto:kent@bbn.com" target=3D"_blank">kent@bbn.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<b=
r><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:=
1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Ben,<br>
<br>
I disagree with the suggestion to relegate all &quot;spam&quot; control mec=
hanisms to<br>
per-log, locally-determined controls. This is another example of 6269-bis<b=
r>
not being written as a standard, but as just a set of guidelines. Allowing<=
br>
another way for logs to behave in a fashion that is not predictable by log =
clients,<br>
except, perhaps, by trial and error, is not, IMHO, a good idea.<br></blockq=
uote><div><br></div><div>The point here is to allow logs to be more liberal=
 in what they accept, which is surely a benefit? Logs should still be requi=
red to accept well-formed chains to known roots, that I definitely agree wi=
th.</div><div><br></div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" =
style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Steve<div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5"><br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a11449d140f2efe0534c2d94d--


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Section 5.1 (Accepting Submissions) revision
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Ben,

Jon Postel's adage is generally a good idea for interoperability, in 
general.
I thought the suggestion here was to suggest that logs may impose other 
criteria
on submissions, e.g., chain length to a set of known (hopefully 
advertised) trust anchors,
and that these criteria would not be easily known by submitters.

perhaps I misunderstood the suggestion.

Steve

>
> ...
>
> The point here is to allow logs to be more liberal in what they 
> accept, which is surely a benefit? Logs should still be required to 
> accept well-formed chains to known roots, that I definitely agree with.


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To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Hi, all:

We'd like to restart working group last call on the threat
analysis draft 
(https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis/)
but I wanted to make sure that any serious concerns have been
addressed.  In particular, it seems as if there may be some
unresolved questions about the conspiring CA attack identified
by DKG.

Do you all feel that the document is ready for working group
last call, and that any issues blocking it from being sent on
to the IESG have been resolved?

Thanks,

Melinda


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From: Dmitry Belyavsky <beldmit@tcinet.ru>
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Dear Melinda,

There was a discussion about one more possible attack related with name 
redaction. (Letter by
Andrew Ayer on June 6 ).

Is not it a subject to include in the document?

Thank you!

On 08.06.2016 21:47, Melinda Shore wrote:
> Hi, all:
>
> We'd like to restart working group last call on the threat
> analysis draft 
> (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis/)
> but I wanted to make sure that any serious concerns have been
> addressed.  In particular, it seems as if there may be some
> unresolved questions about the conspiring CA attack identified
> by DKG.
>
> Do you all feel that the document is ready for working group
> last call, and that any issues blocking it from being sent on
> to the IESG have been resolved?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Melinda
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans


-- 
SY, Dmitry Belyavsky


--------------000309010701050706060405
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<html>
  <head>
    <meta content="text/html; charset=utf-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
  </head>
  <body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">Dear Melinda,<br>
      <br>
      There was a discussion about one more possible attack related with
      name redaction. (Letter by <br>
      Andrew Ayer on June 6
      <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
      ).<br>
      <br>
      Is not it a subject to include in the document?<br>
      <br>
      Thank you!<br>
      <br>
      On 08.06.2016 21:47, Melinda Shore wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
      cite="mid:0cc70c0c-b9ba-c63c-ba9c-a830ed5e8684@gmail.com"
      type="cite">Hi, all:
      <br>
      <br>
      We'd like to restart working group last call on the threat
      <br>
      analysis draft
      (<a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis/">https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis/</a>)
      <br>
      but I wanted to make sure that any serious concerns have been
      <br>
      addressed.  In particular, it seems as if there may be some
      <br>
      unresolved questions about the conspiring CA attack identified
      <br>
      by DKG.
      <br>
      <br>
      Do you all feel that the document is ready for working group
      <br>
      last call, and that any issues blocking it from being sent on
      <br>
      to the IESG have been resolved?
      <br>
      <br>
      Thanks,
      <br>
      <br>
      Melinda
      <br>
      <br>
      _______________________________________________
      <br>
      Trans mailing list
      <br>
      <a class="moz-txt-link-abbreviated" href="mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a>
      <br>
      <a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a>
      <br>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    <br>
    <pre class="moz-signature" cols="72">-- 
SY, Dmitry Belyavsky</pre>
  </body>
</html>

--------------000309010701050706060405--


From nobody Wed Jun  8 13:03:27 2016
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From: "David A. Cooper" <david.cooper@nist.gov>
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Unfortunately, the concerns have not been addresses. I pointed out in a 
message on April 26 that the text still incorrectly referring to the 
malicious CA issuing the bogus EE certificate as two CAs, and my message 
was ignored.

Byran Ford sent a message on May 19 agreeing that the current text is 
"rather strange." Steve Kent just responded by adding more text to the 
document rationalizing his decision to refer to the malicious CA as "two 
CAs."

So, the text is still unnecessarily confusing and it still contains 
information that is technically incorrect.

On 06/08/2016 02:47 PM, Melinda Shore wrote:
> Hi, all:
>
> We'd like to restart working group last call on the threat
> analysis draft 
> (https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis/)
> but I wanted to make sure that any serious concerns have been
> addressed.  In particular, it seems as if there may be some
> unresolved questions about the conspiring CA attack identified
> by DKG.
>
> Do you all feel that the document is ready for working group
> last call, and that any issues blocking it from being sent on
> to the IESG have been resolved?
>
> Thanks,
>
> Melinda


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Dmitry,

I've been waiting for Rob Stradling to comment on the attack described 
by Andrew.
I consider Rob to be the definitive expert on redacted certs (since he 
invented
the concept) and I want to make sure that Ron concurs with the attack 
description
and the impact characterization before adding it to the threat document.

If Rob concurs, then I'll draft text to describe the attack and submit 
it to the
WG list for review, rather than re-issuing the whole doc with this added 
material
for review.

Andrew's message noted a potential problem for Monitors dealing with 
redacted certs.
The Monitor spec that I co-authored 
(draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt) already
describes a model in which Monitors are expected to have access to the 
cert data
associated with the Subjects they serve. So, in the case of redacted 
certs, I think a
Monitor serving the Subject(s) of such certs will be able to function as 
expected.
Eran suggested that a Monitor need not have such info and might be on 
the lookout
for suspect certs in general, but I have trouble understanding how that 
will work,
in general. I have not reviewed version 16 of 6962-bis, but I found 
prior descriptions
of the Monitor function to be too vague. So, I'll mention the Monitor 
problem, as well
as the CT-aware browser problem (re SCT matching), in the text I prepare.


Steve


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To: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>, Trans <trans@ietf.org>
References: <20160606102935.c0c293fb4d7014aa44a180bb@andrewayer.name> <alpine.LRH.2.20.1606061341090.20202@bofh.nohats.ca> <20160606111744.8dafc30af2562fd5dec55f20@andrewayer.name>
From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Date: Thu, 9 Jun 2016 16:43:48 +0100
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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On 06/06/16 19:17, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> On Mon, 6 Jun 2016 13:52:57 -0400 (EDT)
> Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:
>
>> On Mon, 6 Jun 2016, Andrew Ayer wrote:
>>
>>> This enables the following attack:
>>>
>>> 1. A CA issues a legitimate certificate for www1.example.com and
>>> logs a pre-certificate for ?.example.com.  A monitor for
>>> example.com knows the pre-certificate is legitimate because it
>>> matches a known certificate for www1.example.com.
>>>
>>> 2. The CA misbehaves and issues an unauthorized certificate for
>>> www2.example.com which, except for the DNS name, has exactly the
>>> same details (including serial number and public key) as the
>>> certificate for www1.example.com.  The CA does not log a
>>> certificate or pre-certificate.
>>>
>>> 3. An attacker serves the rogue certificate for www2.example.com
>>> along with the SCT for the ?.example.com pre-certificate.  TLS
>>> clients accept it because the TBSCertificate that is reconstructed
>>> from the certificate matches the TBSCertificate of the
>>> pre-certificate.  Monitors have no idea that there is a rogue
>>> certificate for www2.example.com.
>>
>> That means the attacker has the private key?
>
> Yes, but that only limits the attack, not eliminate it.  It means that
> if the attacker gets the private key for one host, they can
> (with CA collusion) pivot to attacking other hosts whose names match
> the same redaction pattern.
>
>> I guess when the second certificate would be logged, this would show
>> up as mis-issued, and possibly both certificates would get revoked?
>
> The second certificate would never be logged.  The way that logging is
> enforced is that clients reject certificates that aren't accompanied by
> a valid SCT.  But since an SCT for the first certificate's
> pre-certificate can be used to prove that the second certificate was
> logged, clients can be tricked into accepting the second certificate
> even if it was never logged.
>
> That's basically the crux of the problem - with name redaction, SCTs do
> not prove that a certificate was logged, they only prove that some
> pre-certificate matching the name redacted pattern was logged.  I argue
> that for monitoring to be useful, SCTs need to prove that a
> pre-certificate matching the exact name was logged.
>
> Regards,
> Andrew

If a wildcard cert for *.example.com is logged, it can be used for 
https://www1.example.com, https://www2.example.com and 
https://anythingyoulike.example.com.

How does name redaction make the situation any worse than that?

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


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Date: Thu, 9 Jun 2016 11:44:14 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Trans <trans@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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On Thu, 9 Jun 2016 16:43:48 +0100
Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:

> On 06/06/16 19:17, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> > On Mon, 6 Jun 2016 13:52:57 -0400 (EDT)
> > Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:
> >
> >> On Mon, 6 Jun 2016, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> >>
> >>> This enables the following attack:
> >>>
> >>> 1. A CA issues a legitimate certificate for www1.example.com and
> >>> logs a pre-certificate for ?.example.com.  A monitor for
> >>> example.com knows the pre-certificate is legitimate because it
> >>> matches a known certificate for www1.example.com.
> >>>
> >>> 2. The CA misbehaves and issues an unauthorized certificate for
> >>> www2.example.com which, except for the DNS name, has exactly the
> >>> same details (including serial number and public key) as the
> >>> certificate for www1.example.com.  The CA does not log a
> >>> certificate or pre-certificate.
> >>>
> >>> 3. An attacker serves the rogue certificate for www2.example.com
> >>> along with the SCT for the ?.example.com pre-certificate.  TLS
> >>> clients accept it because the TBSCertificate that is reconstructed
> >>> from the certificate matches the TBSCertificate of the
> >>> pre-certificate.  Monitors have no idea that there is a rogue
> >>> certificate for www2.example.com.
> >>
> >> That means the attacker has the private key?
> >
> > Yes, but that only limits the attack, not eliminate it.  It means
> > that if the attacker gets the private key for one host, they can
> > (with CA collusion) pivot to attacking other hosts whose names match
> > the same redaction pattern.
> >
> >> I guess when the second certificate would be logged, this would
> >> show up as mis-issued, and possibly both certificates would get
> >> revoked?
> >
> > The second certificate would never be logged.  The way that logging
> > is enforced is that clients reject certificates that aren't
> > accompanied by a valid SCT.  But since an SCT for the first
> > certificate's pre-certificate can be used to prove that the second
> > certificate was logged, clients can be tricked into accepting the
> > second certificate even if it was never logged.
> >
> > That's basically the crux of the problem - with name redaction,
> > SCTs do not prove that a certificate was logged, they only prove
> > that some pre-certificate matching the name redacted pattern was
> > logged.  I argue that for monitoring to be useful, SCTs need to
> > prove that a pre-certificate matching the exact name was logged.
> >
> > Regards,
> > Andrew
> 
> If a wildcard cert for *.example.com is logged, it can be used for 
> https://www1.example.com, https://www2.example.com and 
> https://anythingyoulike.example.com.
> 
> How does name redaction make the situation any worse than that?

If a domain owner requests a wildcard certificate for *.example.com,
they are accepting the possibility that the certificate can be used
with any sub-domain.  It's expected.

If a domain owner requests a certificate for www1.example.com, the
expectation is that the certificate only works with www1.example.com.
But if the domain owner requests redaction, they are now making it
possible for the CA is misbehave and issue certificates for hosts
besides www1.example.com that will be accepted by clients and not
detected by the domain owner's monitor.  That seems like a violation of
user expectation.

It also seems like a violation of a core principle of CT: that
clients will only accept a cert if the cert is logged.  However, when
redaction is used, clients will accept a cert even if it was actually a
different cert which was logged[1], as long as the two certs redact down
to the same pre-cert TBSCertificate.

Regards,
Andrew

[1] Technically, a pre-cert was logged, but a pre-cert is just a proxy
for a cert.


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Date: Thu, 9 Jun 2016 11:44:50 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Threat document - status and question
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On Thu, 9 Jun 2016 11:29:26 -0400
Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com> wrote:

> Dmitry,
> 
> I've been waiting for Rob Stradling to comment on the attack
> described by Andrew.
> I consider Rob to be the definitive expert on redacted certs (since
> he invented
> the concept) and I want to make sure that Ron concurs with the attack 
> description
> and the impact characterization before adding it to the threat
> document.
>
> If Rob concurs, then I'll draft text to describe the attack and
> submit it to the
> WG list for review, rather than re-issuing the whole doc with this
> added material
> for review.

I would much rather the attack be fixed (I described one possible fix)
than merely describing it in the threat document.  Is this not an
option?

> Andrew's message noted a potential problem for Monitors dealing with 
> redacted certs.
> The Monitor spec that I co-authored 
> (draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt) already
> describes a model in which Monitors are expected to have access to
> the cert data
> associated with the Subjects they serve. So, in the case of redacted 
> certs, I think a
> Monitor serving the Subject(s) of such certs will be able to function
> as expected.

No, even if a monitor has access to full cert data, they aren't
maximally useful when redaction is used (I consider this unexpected).
If a monitor is configured with:

	www1.example.com should have key A
	www2.example.com should have key B

and it sees a pre-cert for ?.example.com using key A, it can't
say for certainty whether this is OK, because the pre-cert might be for
www1.example.com, or it might be for www2.example.com.
draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt says to accept the pre-cert in
this case, which makes it possible to launch the attack I described.

> Eran suggested that a Monitor need not have such info and might be on 
> the lookout for suspect certs in general,

Name redaction does pose a challenge to monitors without access to cert
data, but this is a separate issue, and I don't think it can ever be
resolved.  However, we can and should make it possible for monitors
with access to cert data to function usefully when name redaction is
used.

Regards,
Andrew


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To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: [Trans] IETF 96
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Hi, all:

Because we're in a less-active period in the working group's
work cycle and because of problems with an overscheduled
agenda in Berlin, we've decided not to have a formal session
at IETF 96.  We will find some time for informal discussion,
for those who are interested.  Gossip would be the main
topic under discussion, and possibly DNSSEC logging.

Melinda


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To: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>, Trans <trans@ietf.org>
References: <20160606102935.c0c293fb4d7014aa44a180bb@andrewayer.name> <alpine.LRH.2.20.1606061341090.20202@bofh.nohats.ca> <20160606111744.8dafc30af2562fd5dec55f20@andrewayer.name> <1591a26c-c3e7-719e-9a6d-3910779f33a7@comodo.com> <20160609114414.c033b7a6562f5afe27936506@andrewayer.name>
From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Date: Fri, 10 Jun 2016 15:16:43 +0100
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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On 09/06/16 19:44, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> On Thu, 9 Jun 2016 16:43:48 +0100
> Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:
>
>> On 06/06/16 19:17, Andrew Ayer wrote:
>>> On Mon, 6 Jun 2016 13:52:57 -0400 (EDT)
>>> Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:
>>>
>>>> On Mon, 6 Jun 2016, Andrew Ayer wrote:
>>>>
>>>>> This enables the following attack:
>>>>>
>>>>> 1. A CA issues a legitimate certificate for www1.example.com and
>>>>> logs a pre-certificate for ?.example.com.  A monitor for
>>>>> example.com knows the pre-certificate is legitimate because it
>>>>> matches a known certificate for www1.example.com.
>>>>>
>>>>> 2. The CA misbehaves and issues an unauthorized certificate for
>>>>> www2.example.com which, except for the DNS name, has exactly the
>>>>> same details (including serial number and public key) as the
>>>>> certificate for www1.example.com.  The CA does not log a
>>>>> certificate or pre-certificate.
>>>>>
>>>>> 3. An attacker serves the rogue certificate for www2.example.com
>>>>> along with the SCT for the ?.example.com pre-certificate.  TLS
>>>>> clients accept it because the TBSCertificate that is reconstructed
>>>>> from the certificate matches the TBSCertificate of the
>>>>> pre-certificate.  Monitors have no idea that there is a rogue
>>>>> certificate for www2.example.com.
>>>>
>>>> That means the attacker has the private key?
>>>
>>> Yes, but that only limits the attack, not eliminate it.  It means
>>> that if the attacker gets the private key for one host, they can
>>> (with CA collusion) pivot to attacking other hosts whose names match
>>> the same redaction pattern.
>>>
>>>> I guess when the second certificate would be logged, this would
>>>> show up as mis-issued, and possibly both certificates would get
>>>> revoked?
>>>
>>> The second certificate would never be logged.  The way that logging
>>> is enforced is that clients reject certificates that aren't
>>> accompanied by a valid SCT.  But since an SCT for the first
>>> certificate's pre-certificate can be used to prove that the second
>>> certificate was logged, clients can be tricked into accepting the
>>> second certificate even if it was never logged.
>>>
>>> That's basically the crux of the problem - with name redaction,
>>> SCTs do not prove that a certificate was logged, they only prove
>>> that some pre-certificate matching the name redacted pattern was
>>> logged.  I argue that for monitoring to be useful, SCTs need to
>>> prove that a pre-certificate matching the exact name was logged.
>>>
>>> Regards,
>>> Andrew
>>
>> If a wildcard cert for *.example.com is logged, it can be used for
>> https://www1.example.com, https://www2.example.com and
>> https://anythingyoulike.example.com.
>>
>> How does name redaction make the situation any worse than that?
>
> If a domain owner requests a wildcard certificate for *.example.com,
> they are accepting the possibility that the certificate can be used
> with any sub-domain.  It's expected.
>
> If a domain owner requests a certificate for www1.example.com, the
> expectation is that the certificate only works with www1.example.com.
> But if the domain owner requests redaction, they are now making it
> possible for the CA is misbehave and issue certificates for hosts
> besides www1.example.com that will be accepted by clients and not
> detected by the domain owner's monitor.  That seems like a violation of
> user expectation.

I think it's fair enough to say that if you withhold information from 
CT, CT won't help you as much as it otherwise would have done.

I see the attraction of replacing "redacted labels not with '?' but with 
a salted cryptographic hash of the label, with the salt specified in the 
Redacted Labels Certificate Extension", but I'd prefer to avoid 
increasing complexity.

> It also seems like a violation of a core principle of CT: that
> clients will only accept a cert if the cert is logged.  However, when
> redaction is used, clients will accept a cert even if it was actually a
> different cert which was logged[1], as long as the two certs redact down
> to the same pre-cert TBSCertificate.
>
> Regards,
> Andrew
>
> [1] Technically, a pre-cert was logged, but a pre-cert is just a proxy
> for a cert.

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


From nobody Fri Jun 10 07:31:11 2016
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To: Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com>, trans@ietf.org
References: <0cc70c0c-b9ba-c63c-ba9c-a830ed5e8684@gmail.com> <575868E5.7010908@tcinet.ru> <57598B56.3000604@bbn.com>
From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Threat document - status and question
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Steve,

I consider the consensus of this WG to be "the definitive expert".  :-)

FWIW though, I concur with Andrew's attack description and impact 
characterization.  Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction 
option than add further complexity.

On 09/06/16 16:29, Stephen Kent wrote:
> Dmitry,
>
> I've been waiting for Rob Stradling to comment on the attack described
> by Andrew.
> I consider Rob to be the definitive expert on redacted certs (since he
> invented
> the concept) and I want to make sure that Ron concurs with the attack
> description
> and the impact characterization before adding it to the threat document.
>
> If Rob concurs, then I'll draft text to describe the attack and submit
> it to the
> WG list for review, rather than re-issuing the whole doc with this added
> material
> for review.
>
> Andrew's message noted a potential problem for Monitors dealing with
> redacted certs.
> The Monitor spec that I co-authored
> (draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt) already
> describes a model in which Monitors are expected to have access to the
> cert data
> associated with the Subjects they serve. So, in the case of redacted
> certs, I think a
> Monitor serving the Subject(s) of such certs will be able to function as
> expected.
> Eran suggested that a Monitor need not have such info and might be on
> the lookout
> for suspect certs in general, but I have trouble understanding how that
> will work,
> in general. I have not reviewed version 16 of 6962-bis, but I found
> prior descriptions
> of the Monitor function to be too vague. So, I'll mention the Monitor
> problem, as well
> as the CT-aware browser problem (re SCT matching), in the text I prepare.
>
>
> Steve

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


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Subject: [Trans] threat analysis v06 review
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--=-=-=
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Hi all--

This is a review of
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis-06, with a
specific focus on the colluding CAs section, which has been a subject of
some contention, and which i think was intended to capture the attack
which i described on-list a few months ago.

Many thanks to Steve for his work on this draft.

One brief comment on the Introduction:

=2D----

In the Introduction:

>  Also note that one proposal for distributing Audit information (to
>  detect misbehaving logs) calls for a browser to send SCTs [...]

This should probably link directly to the gossip draft.

=2D-----

> 3.3. Malicious, Colluding CAs

The text in this section does not clearly describe the attack i had
outlined, although it comes close.  I think that some ascii-art diagrams
might be useful, and there is some terminology that can be cleaned up.
I'll try to intersperse some comments below for improved clarity.

One initial overall observation is that the "collusion" need not be
contemporaneous.

Consider CA A, whose intermediate CA with cert A_N (using key N) is
compromised and used to issue a bogus EE cert X:

  A =E2=86=92 A_N =E2=86=92 X

This compromise is identified, and X is revoked (by whatever means:
OCSP, CRLs, CRLsets, etc).  A considers the failure severe enough to
conclude that N was compromised, and revokes A_N.

However, the attacker has already used N to issue another bogus EE cert
Y, which is not yet deployed in any scenario, so it is unknown:

  A =E2=86=92 A_N =E2=86=92 Y

Some time later, the attacker gains control of CA B.

They use this control to issue intermediate CA cert B_N whose public key
is also N.  This means there are two possible chains for Y:

0) A + A_N =E2=86=92 Y

1) B =E2=86=92 B_N =E2=86=92 Y


The attacker logs chain 0, and receives SCT SCT_Y.  The log operators
can't block this inclusion in their logs without themselves becoming
meta-CA.  If the log decides to try to do this, i believe that other
attacks on the ecosystem appear (based on non-synchronization between
the intermediate CAs blocked by the log and those blocked by the relying
parties).

Though it was logged with chain 0, the cert is deployed with chain 1,
and still shipped with SCT_Y.

Anyone just looking at chain 1 and SCT_Y can tell that it the cert chain
is correct, and that the EE cert has been logged.  However, none of the
certificates in its chain have been revoked, and so no alarm bells will
be raised.

Anyone monitoring the logs on behalf of the service identified in Y will
note that a cert was issued to it, but under a bogus, revoked,
known-compromised intermediate cert.  None of the existing revocation
mechanisms are likely to revoke Y, since the chain is already thoroughly
debunked.

If the attacker is afraid of a risk of all their certs being revoked,
they can simply issue hundreds or thousands of certs while they have
access to A_N, which encourages narrow-bandwidth blocklisting mechanisms
like CRLsets to just revoke the intermediate CA, and not the EEs,
permitting the alternate chain to be used without detection.

Note that the attacker doesn't even need to maintain access to N if they
are thoughtful about their plans during the period in which N is
compromised.


OK, on to specific comments:

>    Section 3.2 examined attacks in which a single CA might issue a
>    bogus certificate. There is also the potential that two or more CAs
>    might collude to issue a bogus certificate in a fashion designed to
>    foil the remediation (but not detection) safeguards envisioned by
>    CT. Their goal would be trick a CT-aware browser into accepting a
>    bogus certificate because it was accompanied by a valid SCT, while
>    evading certificate revocation status indications. This section
>    explores such scenarios.

Aside from the implication of contemporaneousness, i think this is a
fair characterisation.

>    In this attack two CAs that do not share a common path to a trust
>    anchor,=20

I don't think that "do not share a common path to a trust anchor" is
relevant.  in a complex issuance hierarchy like this (where the "trust
anchor" is A, and all named nodes are intermediate CAs):

    A
   / \
  B   C
 /|   |\
D E   F G

a compromise of any two nodes would suffice, despite the fact that they
all share a trust anchor.


>    collude to create a "doppelganger" (bogus) EE certificate.

I'm not sure that "doppelganger" is a useful turn of phrase here.  The
closest thing we have to a "doppelganger" in the particular attack i
described above is B_N, which technically *isn't* any more bogus than
A_N.  these intermediate CA certs are "doppelgangers" because they share
SPKI and Subject. But the EE cert in this attack scenario is singular,
not doubled.

>    The attack need not be initiated by trust anchors; any subordinate
>    pair of (not name-constrained) CAs can effect this attack without
>    the knowledge of superior CAs (which are presumed to be benign).

This isn't precisely true, because of path length (not name)
constraints. In the attack i've outlined, at least one of the
compromised CAs must either have pathLenConstraint absent, or greater
than zero.  If the public certs for all of the compromised CAs have
pathLenConstraint =3D=3D 0, the attack is not possible.

>    (The following text refers to these as two CAs, because they might
>    be represented by entities that are organizationally distinct,
>    perhaps realized by different physical presences. However, because
>    they share the same name and key pair, one also might view them as
>    the same CA that appears in two cert paths terminating at different
>    TAs.) The two CAs must have the same Subject name and the same
>    public key for the attack. (RFC 5280 does not explicitly preclude
>    the creation of two CAs with the same name, so long as the parent
>    CAs are distinct. Requirements for Subject name uniqueness apply
>    individually to each CA but not across CA boundaries, as per Section
>    4.2.1.6. However, the Security Considerations section of RFC 5280
>    warns that name collisions could cause security problems.)

This paragraph seems wrong to me.  The compromised CAs in question are
*not* the same CA, though they do need to create at least one "doubled"
intermediate CA that shares at least the same key (and likely, the same
Subject).

Perhaps it would be better to think about "compromised CA keys" instead
of "compromised CAs", and leave the mechanism of compromise out of the
technical discussion?

>    Because the two CAs have the same name and make use of the same key,
>    each can issue the (bogus) doppelganger certificates.

This should say "either can issue the bogus end-entity certificate".
(s/each/either/ and dropping doppelganger)

>    Because the bogus certificate is logged, it is subject to detection
>    as such by a Monitor. Once the bogus certificate is detected it is
>    anticipated that action will be taken to render it invalid. The
>    bogus certificate itself might be revoked by the CA that issued and
>    logged it, an action that masks the malicious intent of that CA. A
>    browser vendor might add the bogus certificate to a blacklist
>    maintained by the vendor, e.g., because the CA failed to revoke the
>    bogus certificate.
>=20
>=20
> Kent                  Expires November 31, 2016               [Page 17]
>=20
>=20=20
> Internet-Draft  Attack Model for Certificate Mis-issuance      May 2016
>=20
>=20
>    If the CA that logged the bogus certificate is suspected of being
>    malicious, e.g., because it has a history of using bogus
>    certificates, the certificate of that CA might itself be revoked.
>    This revocation might be effected by the parent of that CA (which is
>    not complicit), or by a browser vendor using a blacklist. Whether
>    the proposed attack can achieve its goal depends on which revocation
>    mechanism is employed, and which certificate or certificates are
>    revoked.

It also depends on what bogus EE certificates are issued, and (arguably)
whether or not any of the logs reject certificate chains with
known-revoked CAs in them.  Of course, if the logs start doing that kind
of rejection, then log operators become required to act as meta-CAs,
which i believe is a rather radical departure from the story we've told
about logs in the past.




> 3.3.1. Revocation of the Bogus Certificate
>=20
>    If the bogus (EE) certificate is revoked by the CA that issued and
>    logged it, browsers should treat that certificate as invalid.
>    However, a browser checking a CRL or OCSP response might not match
>    this revocation status data against the doppelganger issued by the
>    second CA.

Again, the EE cert is actually the same cert; the "second CA" is the
doppelganger.

>    This is because revocation status checking is performed
>    in the context of a certification path (during path validation). The
>    doppelgangers have different certification paths and thus the
>    revocation status data for each might be acquired and managed
>    independently. (RFC 5280 does not provide implementation guidance
>    for management of revocation data. It is known that some relying
>    party implementations maintain such information on a per-certificate
>    path basis, but others might not.)
>=20
>    Even if the bogus certificates contain an AIA extension pointing to
>    an OCSP server the attack might still succeed.

This would be better as:

    Even if the bogus EE certificate contains an AIA extension pointing to
    an OCSP server the attack might still succeed.

>    (As noted in the Section 1, RFC 5280 does not mandate inclusion
>    this extension, but its presence is required by CABF requirements.)

Does this mean that monitors should raise flags for EE certs missing AIA
extensions which identify an OCSP server?  If so, is anyone doing this
check?  What action should be taken if this is found missing?

>    As noted in Section 3.2.1.1.1, a malicious CA could send a "good"
>    OCSP response to a targeted browser instance, even if other parties
>    are provided with a "revoked" response. Also note that a TLS server
>    can supply an OCSP response to a browser as part of the TLS
>    handshake [RFC6961], if requested by the browser. A TLS server
>    posing as the entity named in the bogus certificate could acquire a
>    "good" OCSP response from the colluding CAs to effect the
>    attack. Only if the browser relies upon a trusted, third-party OCSP
>    responder, one not part of the collusion, would the attack fail.

This represents a separate and distinct CA key compromise from the
original described attack, since the OSCP responder is often a separate
key.  I think this muddies the waters when trying to describe the
"dual-CA compromise".

More broadly, this seems like a discussion about failings in the
revocation infrastructure, which might itself be out-of-scope for CT.  A
separate document that collates all the failings of revocation would be
interesting and useful, but shoehorning it into this section might be a
mistake.

>    The analysis above also applies to the use of CRLs to disseminate
>    certificate revocation status data. The doppelganger certificate
>    could contain a CRL distribution point extension instead of an AIA
>    extension.

Again, i don't think "doppelganger" should be used here.  I think this
refers to the "bogus EE certificate", so please use that term.

>    In that case a site supplying CRLs for the colluding CAs could
>    supply different CRLs to different requestors, in an attempt to
>    hide the revocation status of the doppelganger from targeted
>    browsers instances. This is analogous to a split-view attack
>    effected by a CT log. However, as noted in Section 3.2.1.1 and
>    3.2.1.1.1, no element of CT is responsible for detecting
>    inconsistent reporting of certificate revocation status data.

Again, this is a separate compromise, and i think it muddies the waters.

>    (Monitoring in the CT context tracks log entries made by CAs or
>    Subjects. Auditing is designed to detect misbehavior by logs, not by
>    CAs per se.)

I think this is correct, but i'm not sure it belongs in this section.

>    If the CA that logged the certificate does not revoke it, a browser
>    vendor might enter the bogus certificate into a "blacklist".
>    Unfortunately, there are no IETF standards for such blacklists. Thus
>    it is conceivable that the revocation status data also might be
>    managed in a path-specific fashion.

I think this is the most-relevant bit of this section.  Some revocation
mechanisms depend on the *path*, not just on the EE cert and signing
subkey.

Perhaps it would make more sense to enumerate those revocation
mechanisms that are path-reliant (and therefore vulnerable to this
colluding-CA hiding attack):

 a) any blocklist mechanism (like CRLsets) that sometimes blocks
    intermediate CA certificates without also including a full explicit
    blocklist of all known child certs of the blocked intermediate CA.

 b) relying parties which depend on identifying OCSP or CRL or other
    revocation mechanisms in the issuing certificate, rather than in the
    end-entity certificate.

>    If that were true, then the attack could succeed. However, if a
>    vendor maintains revocation status data in a path-independent
>    fashion, then the attack will fail. For example, if revoked
>    certificates are identified by CA name and serial number, or a hash
>    of the certificate, this attack would fail.

The attack that fails for path-independent revocation mechanisms is use
the bogus, known-revoked EE certificates.

But the other attack (the hidden, secondary CA compromise) is still not
discovered by CT in this case.


> 3.3.2. Revocation of the Colluding CA Certificate
>=20
>    If the CA that logged the bogus certificate is viewed as acting
>    maliciously, its parent might revoke that CA's certificate. Even
>    though the two colluding CAs have the same name and use the same
>    public key, their certificates are distinct, e.g., they were issued
>    by different parents and almost certainly have different certificate
>    serial numbers. Thus revocation of the certificate of the CA that
>    logged the bogus certificate does not affect the certificate of its
>    colluding partner. In this case, the bogus EE certificate would be
>    treated as valid when it appears in a certification path involving
>    the second colluding CA. Thus revocation the certificate for the CA
>    that was detected as malicious does not prevent this attack from
>    succeeding.

This last sentence is missing an "of".

>    A vendor also might choose to add the certificate of the CA that
>    issued the bogus certificate to its blacklist, e.g., if that CA
>    refuses to revoke the bogus certificate. This also may not prevent
>    the bogus certificate from being accepted by a browser. For example,
>    if the CA certificate blacklist entry is analogous to a CRL entry
>    (Subject name of the parent of the malicious CA and the serial
>    number of the malicious CA's certificate), the colluding CA's
>    certificate would still be valid in this case.

Should we instead recommend "relying parties capable of blocking
known-malicious intermediate CAs should enumerate these entities by
public key" ?  This doesn't entirely solve the problem (two conspiring
CAs can create an unlimited number of doppelganger CA pairs), but it's
certainly better than blocking intermediate CAs by full certificate or
by issuer+serialnumber.

Sorry that describing this attack has proved so complex.  I think the
complexity is due to the complexity of the overall ecosystem (including
PKIX, X.509, CAs, logs, browsers, revocation mechanisms, etc).  the
simpler we can make things the better.

Regards,

            --dkg

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From nobody Fri Jun 10 11:34:05 2016
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Date: Fri, 10 Jun 2016 11:34:01 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Threat document - status and question
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On Fri, 10 Jun 2016 15:31:07 +0100
Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:

> Steve,
> 
> I consider the consensus of this WG to be "the definitive
> expert".  :-)
> 
> FWIW though, I concur with Andrew's attack description and impact 
> characterization.  Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction 
> option than add further complexity.

I think the removal of redaction should be considered.  For those who
haven't been following Chrome's ct-policy list, Chrome has announced
that they will not be supporting redaction, at least until a list of
concerns is addressed:

https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/d/msg/ct-policy/fCt4Bm03GsI/jBbqE_QWBQAJ

Addressing those concerns may require additional standardization (e.g.
a CAA property for domain owners to opt-in to redaction). If there's
still interest in redaction, it could be done in a future document,
along with the necessary work to make it acceptable to Chrome. In the
meantime, someone might find a simpler way to address this attack.

Regards,
Andrew


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Andrew,



> ...
> I would much rather the attack be fixed (I described one possible fix)
> than merely describing it in the threat document.  Is this not an
> option?
Not for me to say. But I agree that the issue you cited is troubling.
> ...
> No, even if a monitor has access to full cert data, they aren't
> maximally useful when redaction is used (I consider this unexpected).
> If a monitor is configured with:
>
> 	www1.example.com should have key A
> 	www2.example.com should have key B
>
> and it sees a pre-cert for ?.example.com using key A, it can't
> say for certainty whether this is OK, because the pre-cert might be for
> www1.example.com, or it might be for www2.example.com.
> draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt says to accept the pre-cert in
> this case, which makes it possible to launch the attack I described.

Yes, a Monitor serving www1 would think the log entry was OK,
even though it also would match www2. But, this requires that www2
has the same key as www1. If there was a compromise of www1, then
I agree that a Monitor would not detect the compromise, but a
Monitor isn't really intended to do that. If this represents collusion
between www1 and www2 then this is good example of how colluding
Subjects could use an SCT issued for one Subject with a cert for
another Subject, because of the properties of redacted certs. Got it.

Steve


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Threat document - status and question
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Rob,


> Steve,
>
> I consider the consensus of this WG to be "the definitive expert".  :-)
If the WG had more folks commenting on more topics I'd agree, but ...
>
> FWIW though, I concur with Andrew's attack description and impact 
> characterization.  Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction 
> option than add further complexity.
I'm in favor of removing the redaction option. It's one of the more 
complex aspects
of CT and if you, as its creator are comfortable holding off for now, I 
think that
would be a good action.

Steve


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Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2016 20:31:19 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: trans@ietf.org
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Subject: [Trans] Some comments on draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-16
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Section 6.6 (get-all-by-hash): It's not clear whether the inclusion
proof is to the requested STH or to the returned STH.  I'm pretty sure
it's supposed to be the returned STH, but this wording suggests it's
the requested STH:

        tree_size:  The tree_size of the tree on which to base the
        proofs, in decimal

In this wording, it's unclear what "selected STH" refers to:

        inclusion:  A base64 encoded "TransItem" of type
        "inclusion_proof_v2" whose "inclusion_path" array of Merkle
        Tree nodes proves the inclusion of the chosen certificate in
        the selected STH.


Section 10.1 (metadata): Is the Final STH specified as a TransItem of
type signed_tree_head_v2 or as a tree_size integer?


Section 10.2.2 (Reconstructing the TBSCertificate): It's also necessary
to remove the Transparency Information extension, but this step is
omitted.


Sections 10.2.5 - 10.2.7 (compliance): It's unclear what role the TLS
Feature extension plays.

10.2.5 says that compliance means "accompanied by at least one valid
SCT."

10.2.6 says that if transparency_info is present in the TLS
Feature extension, then "CT compliance ... is required" and that "TLS
clients MUST treat certificates which fail this requirement as
non-compliant."  In other words, non-compliance must be treated as
non-compliant, which isn't saying anything.

10.2.7 says that if the certificate chain is non-compliant, the "TLS
client MUST refuse the connection," which renders the TLS feature
extension unnecessary.

I assume the intent is that if transparency_info is in the TLS Feature
extension, then TLS clients MUST refuse connections using non-compliant
chains.  Otherwise, they MAY refuse connections using non-compliant
chains, depending on the client's policy.


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To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2016 20:03:56 -0800
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Subject: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Hi, all:

As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,
it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether
name redaction should stay or go.  I just went through the
mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy
agreement that it should go (for example, Rob's comment:
"Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction
option than add further complexity.").  So, if anybody has
particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees
about removing name redaction, please weigh in.

Thanks,

Melinda


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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2016 21:05:32 -0700
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Tue, Jun 14, 2016 at 9:03 PM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
> As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,
> it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether
> name redaction should stay or go.  I just went through the
> mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy
> agreement that it should go (for example, Rob's comment:
> "Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction
> option than add further complexity.").  So, if anybody has
> particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees
> about removing name redaction, please weigh in.

To be clear, are you asking about 4.2 and 4.3 or just 4.2?


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On 6/14/16 8:05 PM, Peter Bowen wrote:
> To be clear, are you asking about 4.2 and 4.3 or just 4.2?

At the moment, just 4.2.

Melinda



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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Jun 2016 22:53:39 -0700
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Tue, Jun 14, 2016 at 9:03 PM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
> As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,
> it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether
> name redaction should stay or go.  I just went through the
> mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy
> agreement that it should go (for example, Rob's comment:
> "Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction
> option than add further complexity.").  So, if anybody has
> particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees
> about removing name redaction, please weigh in.

I disagree with removing name redaction.  There is value in having
redacted certificates and it isn't questionable that having some info
is better than none.  For example, a CA could choose to log every
certificate but redact some.  This would make it very clear if a
"rogue" certificate should up that didn't match any certificate on
record.

Symantec has also shown there is customer demand for redacted
certificates -- they swapped their default to "log full certificate" a
couple of weeks ago and have had several hundred certificates
explicitly opt for redaction.  From the domains, it seems that it is a
number of different customers spanning multiple countries and types of
organizations (commercial, government, non-profit, etc).

I think redaction should stay.

Thanks,
Peter


From nobody Wed Jun 15 01:33:13 2016
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From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On 15/06/16 06:53, Peter Bowen wrote:
> On Tue, Jun 14, 2016 at 9:03 PM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
>> As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,
>> it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether
>> name redaction should stay or go.  I just went through the
>> mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy
>> agreement that it should go (for example, Rob's comment:
>> "Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction
>> option than add further complexity.").  So, if anybody has
>> particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees
>> about removing name redaction, please weigh in.
>
> I disagree with removing name redaction.  There is value in having
> redacted certificates and it isn't questionable that having some info
> is better than none.  For example, a CA could choose to log every
> certificate but redact some.  This would make it very clear if a
> "rogue" certificate should up that didn't match any certificate on
> record.
>
> Symantec has also shown there is customer demand for redacted
> certificates -- they swapped their default to "log full certificate" a
> couple of weeks ago and have had several hundred certificates
> explicitly opt for redaction.  From the domains, it seems that it is a
> number of different customers spanning multiple countries and types of
> organizations (commercial, government, non-profit, etc).
>
> I think redaction should stay.

Melinda, I think there are three potential ways forward...

1. (Stay) Keep the redaction mechanism in 6962-bis.

2. (Defer) Move the redaction mechanism into a separate I-D, so that 
TRANS can continue to work on defining redaction without holding up 
6962-bis from progressing to RFC.

3. (Go) Kill the redaction mechanism entirely.

Are you asking "Stay or Defer" or "Stay or Go" or "Stay or Defer or Go"?

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


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On 9 June 2016 at 19:44, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:
> On Thu, 9 Jun 2016 16:43:48 +0100
> Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:
>
>> On 06/06/16 19:17, Andrew Ayer wrote:
>> > On Mon, 6 Jun 2016 13:52:57 -0400 (EDT)
>> > Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:
>> >
>> >> On Mon, 6 Jun 2016, Andrew Ayer wrote:
>> >>
>> >>> This enables the following attack:
>> >>>
>> >>> 1. A CA issues a legitimate certificate for www1.example.com and
>> >>> logs a pre-certificate for ?.example.com.  A monitor for
>> >>> example.com knows the pre-certificate is legitimate because it
>> >>> matches a known certificate for www1.example.com.
>> >>>
>> >>> 2. The CA misbehaves and issues an unauthorized certificate for
>> >>> www2.example.com which, except for the DNS name, has exactly the
>> >>> same details (including serial number and public key) as the
>> >>> certificate for www1.example.com.  The CA does not log a
>> >>> certificate or pre-certificate.
>> >>>
>> >>> 3. An attacker serves the rogue certificate for www2.example.com
>> >>> along with the SCT for the ?.example.com pre-certificate.  TLS
>> >>> clients accept it because the TBSCertificate that is reconstructed
>> >>> from the certificate matches the TBSCertificate of the
>> >>> pre-certificate.  Monitors have no idea that there is a rogue
>> >>> certificate for www2.example.com.
>> >>
>> >> That means the attacker has the private key?
>> >
>> > Yes, but that only limits the attack, not eliminate it.  It means
>> > that if the attacker gets the private key for one host, they can
>> > (with CA collusion) pivot to attacking other hosts whose names match
>> > the same redaction pattern.
>> >
>> >> I guess when the second certificate would be logged, this would
>> >> show up as mis-issued, and possibly both certificates would get
>> >> revoked?
>> >
>> > The second certificate would never be logged.  The way that logging
>> > is enforced is that clients reject certificates that aren't
>> > accompanied by a valid SCT.  But since an SCT for the first
>> > certificate's pre-certificate can be used to prove that the second
>> > certificate was logged, clients can be tricked into accepting the
>> > second certificate even if it was never logged.
>> >
>> > That's basically the crux of the problem - with name redaction,
>> > SCTs do not prove that a certificate was logged, they only prove
>> > that some pre-certificate matching the name redacted pattern was
>> > logged.  I argue that for monitoring to be useful, SCTs need to
>> > prove that a pre-certificate matching the exact name was logged.
>> >
>> > Regards,
>> > Andrew
>>
>> If a wildcard cert for *.example.com is logged, it can be used for
>> https://www1.example.com, https://www2.example.com and
>> https://anythingyoulike.example.com.
>>
>> How does name redaction make the situation any worse than that?
>
> If a domain owner requests a wildcard certificate for *.example.com,
> they are accepting the possibility that the certificate can be used
> with any sub-domain.  It's expected.
>
> If a domain owner requests a certificate for www1.example.com, the
> expectation is that the certificate only works with www1.example.com.
> But if the domain owner requests redaction, they are now making it
> possible for the CA is misbehave and issue certificates for hosts
> besides www1.example.com that will be accepted by clients and not
> detected by the domain owner's monitor.  That seems like a violation of
> user expectation.

That is still no different from the wildcard example, though - the CA
can also issues a "second" cert for *.example.com (it is the same
cert, of course) and mount the same attack.

> It also seems like a violation of a core principle of CT: that
> clients will only accept a cert if the cert is logged.  However, when
> redaction is used, clients will accept a cert even if it was actually a
> different cert which was logged[1], as long as the two certs redact down
> to the same pre-cert TBSCertificate.
>
> Regards,
> Andrew
>
> [1] Technically, a pre-cert was logged, but a pre-cert is just a proxy
> for a cert.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans


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References: <20160606102935.c0c293fb4d7014aa44a180bb@andrewayer.name> <alpine.LRH.2.20.1606061341090.20202@bofh.nohats.ca> <20160606111744.8dafc30af2562fd5dec55f20@andrewayer.name> <1591a26c-c3e7-719e-9a6d-3910779f33a7@comodo.com> <20160609114414.c033b7a6562f5afe27936506@andrewayer.name> <a8ac40ff-21c6-afa4-49ef-38c6c7479b8c@comodo.com>
From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 10:00:27 +0100
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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On 10 June 2016 at 15:16, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:
> I think it's fair enough to say that if you withhold information from CT, CT
> won't help you as much as it otherwise would have done.
>
> I see the attraction of replacing "redacted labels not with '?' but with a
> salted cryptographic hash of the label, with the salt specified in the
> Redacted Labels Certificate Extension", but I'd prefer to avoid increasing
> complexity.

I also like this suggestion. It does have the obvious downside that
dictionary attacks work, though they can be made expensive.


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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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> I think redaction should stay.

Same here.  Strongly in favor


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Rich, why are you in favour of keeping redaction in?

I'd very much like to remove redaction of labels (4.2.) as it adds
significant complexity to the protocol - particularly burdening clients:

* Clients would have to take apart a TBScertificate, modifying it and
re-assembling it in the right manner to get the signature from the SCT to
validate over the reconstructed, redacted TBSCertificate.
* TLS client libraries don't usually support modification and re-encoding
of certificates (as I've discovered implementing 6962 clients several
times).
* If the original, redacted precert had encoding violations it will be very
hard for the client to re-encode it correctly (I'll point out that logs MAY
accept cert chains that are "not fully valid according to RFC 5280
verification rules in order to accommodate quirks of CA certificate-issuing
software"). This problem was narrowly avoided with RFC6962 and
precertificates by virtue of being able to use the TBSCertificate as-is to
assemble the PreCert structure signed by the SCT.

I believe a name-constrained intermediate logged instead of the end-entity
cert (4.3.) is a good enough solution:
* It is functionally equivalent to redaction in end-entity certificates:
Certificates with domain names that should be redacted would remain out of
the logs.
* It builds on an existing name constraining mechanism already supported in
browsers. As the discussion on the ct-policy Chromium mailing list
<https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/forum/#!topic/ct-policy/vsTzv8oNcws%5B1-25%5D>
has shown, no consensus could be reached regarding a mechanism to
constraint redaction any other way.
* It puts the cost of redaction on the party that's interested in it in the
first place - the issuer. I realize there may be operational costs making
it more difficult/expensive to get redacted certs. That may serve to
discourage unnecessary redaction.

I'm keen to hear about cases where a name-constrained intermediate cannot
be used, necessitating label redaction described in 4.2.

Eran




On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 1:15 PM, Salz, Rich <rsalz@akamai.com> wrote:

>
>
> > I think redaction should stay.
>
> Same here.  Strongly in favor
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

--001a114e3724a40ed00535508591
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">Rich, why are you in favour of keeping redaction in?<div><=
br></div><div>I&#39;d very much like to remove redaction of labels (4.2.) a=
s it adds significant complexity to the protocol - particularly burdening c=
lients:</div><div><br></div><div>* Clients would have to take apart a TBSce=
rtificate, modifying it and re-assembling it in the right manner to get the=
 signature from the SCT to validate over the reconstructed, redacted TBSCer=
tificate.</div><div>* TLS client libraries don&#39;t usually support modifi=
cation and re-encoding of certificates (as I&#39;ve discovered implementing=
 6962 clients several times).</div><div>* If the original, redacted precert=
 had encoding violations it will be very hard for the client to re-encode i=
t correctly (I&#39;ll point out that logs MAY accept cert chains that are &=
quot;not fully valid according to RFC 5280 verification rules in order to a=
ccommodate quirks of CA certificate-issuing software&quot;). This problem w=
as narrowly avoided with RFC6962 and precertificates by virtue of being abl=
e to use the TBSCertificate as-is to assemble the PreCert structure signed =
by the SCT.</div><div><br></div><div>I believe a name-constrained intermedi=
ate logged instead of the end-entity cert (4.3.) is a good enough solution:=
</div><div>* It is functionally equivalent to redaction in end-entity certi=
ficates: Certificates with domain names that should be redacted would remai=
n out of the logs.</div><div>* It builds on an existing name constraining m=
echanism already supported in browsers. As the <a href=3D"https://groups.go=
ogle.com/a/chromium.org/forum/#!topic/ct-policy/vsTzv8oNcws%5B1-25%5D">disc=
ussion on the ct-policy Chromium mailing list</a> has shown, no consensus c=
ould be reached regarding a mechanism to constraint redaction any other way=
.</div><div>* It puts the cost of redaction on the party that&#39;s interes=
ted in it in the first place - the issuer. I realize there may be operation=
al costs making it more difficult/expensive to get redacted certs. That may=
 serve to discourage unnecessary redaction.</div><div><br></div><div>I&#39;=
m keen to hear about cases where a name-constrained intermediate cannot be =
used, necessitating label redaction described in 4.2.</div><div><br></div><=
div>Eran</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 1:1=
5 PM, Salz, Rich <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rsalz@akamai.com" =
target=3D"_blank">rsalz@akamai.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote cla=
ss=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;pa=
dding-left:1ex"><span class=3D""><br>
<br>
&gt; I think redaction should stay.<br>
<br>
</span>Same here.=C2=A0 Strongly in favor<br>
<div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5"><br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div>

--001a114e3724a40ed00535508591--


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From: Warren Kumari <warren@kumari.net>
Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 09:24:51 -0400
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 12:03 AM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
> Hi, all:
>
> As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,
> it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether
> name redaction should stay or go.  I just went through the
> mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy
> agreement that it should go (for example, Rob's comment:
> "Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction
> option than add further complexity.").  So, if anybody has
> particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees
> about removing name redaction, please weigh in.

I agree that it should go -- it adds significant complexity for (what
seems to me to be) very little benefit... but than again, I'm of the
view that the whole idea of redaction is silly, and that trying to
hide internal domains a: is doomed to failure and b: smacks of
security though obscurity.
I understand that "the market" doesn't agree with me, so, well,
perhaps my opinion is not valid...

W
>
> Thanks,
>
> Melinda
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans



-- 
I don't think the execution is relevant when it was obviously a bad
idea in the first place.
This is like putting rabid weasels in your pants, and later expressing
regret at having chosen those particular rabid weasels and that pair
of pants.
   ---maf


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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 3:01 PM, Salz, Rich <rsalz@akamai.com> wrote:

>
> > I'm keen to hear about cases where a name-constrained intermediate
> cannot be used, necessitating label redaction described in 4.2.
>
> Not everybody can afford the cost of doing this (i.e., pay a public CA to
> create an intermediary for them).
>
Can't the CA create the intermediate and keep it to itself in order to
issue the end-entity certs?

>
>         /r$
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 3:01 PM, Salz, Rich <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:rsalz@akamai.com" target=3D"_blank">rsalz@akamai.com</a>&gt;</=
span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8e=
x;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=3D""><br>
&gt; I&#39;m keen to hear about cases where a name-constrained intermediate=
 cannot be used, necessitating label redaction described in 4.2.<br>
<br>
</span>Not everybody can afford the cost of doing this (i.e., pay a public =
CA to create an intermediary for them).<br></blockquote><div>Can&#39;t the =
CA create the intermediate and keep it to itself in order to issue the end-=
entity certs?</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 =
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888"><br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 /r$<br>
<br>
</font></span></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a114e5824dfd46e0535519b89--


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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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From: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 15:24:33 +0100
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 3:08 PM, Salz, Rich <rsalz@akamai.com> wrote:

>
> > > > I'm keen to hear about cases where a name-constrained intermediate
> cannot be used, necessitating label redaction described in 4.2.
>
> > > Not everybody can afford the cost of doing this (i.e., pay a public CA
> to create an intermediary for them).
>
> > Can't the CA create the intermediate and keep it to itself in order to
> issue the end-entity certs?
>
> That doesn't address the issue.  Where can a startup, in stealth mode, go
> to get such a cert?
>
Can you please elaborate on this scenario? Is it a startup with
topsecretname.com? or topsecretproject.publicstartupname.com? I can't see
redaction for the former (?.com)  allowed in any scenario, and a wildcard
cert (*.publicstartupname.com) would cover the other.

>
> CT shouldn't require *everything* on the web to be public.  Nor should it
> require *everything* accessible via Chrome, Safari, or other CT browser, to
> be public.

It doesn't. CT describes a protocol/mechanism for publicly disclosing
certs, TLS client software in general (and browsers in particular) would
decide on whether it's required.


> And it should not limit privacy to those with deep pockets.

This is where I truly lack data/insight. From a technical perspective,
redaction with a name-constrained intermediate is equivalent  to redaction
of domain name labels but I don't know how much more work it is for a CA to
set up (technical arguments on why they may not be equivalent are _very_
relevant to this discussion).
Redaction can also be achieved by certificates with wildcards, so the only
reason (I can see) to use 6962-bis redaction is to redact multiple levels
of a domain name.

>
> Now maybe you can argue that this is a business, not a protocol/technology
> issue.  And I'll agree.  :)
>
If only we could separate the two neatly :)

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 3:08 PM, Salz, Rich <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:rsalz@akamai.com">rsalz@akamai.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><b=
lockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-le=
ft-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);pad=
ding-left:1ex"><span class=3D"gmail-"><br>
&gt; &gt; &gt; I&#39;m keen to hear about cases where a name-constrained in=
termediate cannot be used, necessitating label redaction described in 4.2.<=
br>
<br>
&gt; &gt; Not everybody can afford the cost of doing this (i.e., pay a publ=
ic CA to create an intermediary for them).<br>
<br>
&gt; Can&#39;t the CA create the intermediate and keep it to itself in orde=
r to issue the end-entity certs?<br>
<br>
</span>That doesn&#39;t address the issue.=C2=A0 Where can a startup, in st=
ealth mode, go to get such a cert?<br></blockquote><div>Can you please elab=
orate on this scenario? Is it a startup with <a href=3D"http://topsecretnam=
e.com">topsecretname.com</a>? or <a href=3D"http://topsecretproject.publics=
tartupname.com">topsecretproject.publicstartupname.com</a>? I can&#39;t see=
 redaction for the former (?.com) =C2=A0allowed in any scenario, and a wild=
card cert (*.<a href=3D"http://publicstartupname.com">publicstartupname.com=
</a>) would cover the other.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;=
border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
CT shouldn&#39;t require *everything* on the web to be public.=C2=A0 Nor sh=
ould it require *everything* accessible via Chrome, Safari, or other CT bro=
wser, to be public.</blockquote><div>It doesn&#39;t. CT describes a protoco=
l/mechanism for publicly disclosing certs, TLS client software in general (=
and browsers in particular) would decide on whether it&#39;s required.=C2=
=A0</div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin=
:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-lef=
t-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">And it should not limit privacy =
to those with deep pockets.</blockquote><div>This is where I truly lack dat=
a/insight. From a technical perspective, redaction with a name-constrained =
intermediate is equivalent =C2=A0to redaction of domain name labels but I d=
on&#39;t know how much more work it is for a CA to set up (technical argume=
nts on why they may not be equivalent are _very_ relevant to this discussio=
n).</div><div>Redaction can also be achieved by certificates with wildcards=
, so the only reason (I can see) to use 6962-bis redaction is to redact mul=
tiple levels of a domain name.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;=
border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Now maybe you can argue that this is a business, not a protocol/technology =
issue.=C2=A0 And I&#39;ll agree.=C2=A0 :)<br></blockquote><div>If only we c=
ould separate the two neatly :)=C2=A0</div></div><br></div></div>

--001a11413a526c5900053551e175--


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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 14:45:17 +0000
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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From: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 15:56:59 +0100
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Some comments on draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-16
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I'll send a pull request to address the comments, I've replied to some
in-line.

On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 4:31 AM, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:

> Section 6.6 (get-all-by-hash): It's not clear whether the inclusion
> proof is to the requested STH or to the returned STH.  I'm pretty sure
> it's supposed to be the returned STH, but this wording suggests it's
> the requested STH:
>
>         tree_size:  The tree_size of the tree on which to base the
>         proofs, in decimal
>
> In this wording, it's unclear what "selected STH" refers to:
>
>         inclusion:  A base64 encoded "TransItem" of type
>         "inclusion_proof_v2" whose "inclusion_path" array of Merkle
>         Tree nodes proves the inclusion of the chosen certificate in
>         the selected STH.
>
I've changed the description to say 'returned STH' rather than 'selected
STH' for more clarity. I didn't change the tree_size description as it
seems obvious to me this is what the client requests, but text to clarify
that this may not be what the client gets is welcome.

>
>
> Section 10.1 (metadata): Is the Final STH specified as a TransItem of
> type signed_tree_head_v2 or as a tree_size integer?
>
It doesn't have to be specified, but I've added a recommendation to provide
it as a TransItem.

>
>
> Section 10.2.2 (Reconstructing the TBSCertificate): It's also necessary
> to remove the Transparency Information extension, but this step is
> omitted.
>
Good point, added.

>
>
> Sections 10.2.5 - 10.2.7 (compliance): It's unclear what role the TLS
> Feature extension plays.
>

> 10.2.5 says that compliance means "accompanied by at least one valid
> SCT."
>
> 10.2.6 says that if transparency_info is present in the TLS
> Feature extension, then "CT compliance ... is required" and that "TLS
> clients MUST treat certificates which fail this requirement as
> non-compliant."  In other words, non-compliance must be treated as
> non-compliant, which isn't saying anything.
>
> 10.2.7 says that if the certificate chain is non-compliant, the "TLS
> client MUST refuse the connection," which renders the TLS feature
> extension unnecessary.
>
> I assume the intent is that if transparency_info is in the TLS Feature
> extension, then TLS clients MUST refuse connections using non-compliant
> chains.  Otherwise, they MAY refuse connections using non-compliant
> chains, depending on the client's policy.
>
What changes do you suggest here? That section 10.2.6 explicitly state that
a TLS client must refuse the connection in case of non-compliance?

>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

--94eb2c07d73a66deb9053552554a
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<div dir=3D"ltr">I&#39;ll send a pull request to address the comments, I&#3=
9;ve replied to some in-line.<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=
=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 4:31 AM, Andrew Ayer <span dir=3D"=
ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:agwa@andrewayer.name">agwa@andrewayer.name</a>&g=
t;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-colo=
r:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Section 6.6 (get-all-by-hash): It&#39;=
s not clear whether the inclusion<br>
proof is to the requested STH or to the returned STH.=C2=A0 I&#39;m pretty =
sure<br>
it&#39;s supposed to be the returned STH, but this wording suggests it&#39;=
s<br>
the requested STH:<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 tree_size:=C2=A0 The tree_size of the tree on w=
hich to base the<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 proofs, in decimal<br>
<br>
In this wording, it&#39;s unclear what &quot;selected STH&quot; refers to:<=
br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 inclusion:=C2=A0 A base64 encoded &quot;TransIt=
em&quot; of type<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &quot;inclusion_proof_v2&quot; whose &quot;incl=
usion_path&quot; array of Merkle<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 Tree nodes proves the inclusion of the chosen c=
ertificate in<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 the selected STH.<br></blockquote><div>I&#39;ve=
 changed the description to say &#39;returned STH&#39; rather than &#39;sel=
ected STH&#39; for more clarity. I didn&#39;t change the tree_size descript=
ion as it seems obvious to me this is what the client requests, but text to=
 clarify that this may not be what the client gets is welcome.=C2=A0</div><=
blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-l=
eft-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);pa=
dding-left:1ex">
<br>
<br>
Section 10.1 (metadata): Is the Final STH specified as a TransItem of<br>
type signed_tree_head_v2 or as a tree_size integer?<br></blockquote><div>It=
 doesn&#39;t have to be specified, but I&#39;ve added a recommendation to p=
rovide it as a TransItem.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" styl=
e=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid=
;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
<br>
Section 10.2.2 (Reconstructing the TBSCertificate): It&#39;s also necessary=
<br>
to remove the Transparency Information extension, but this step is<br>
omitted.<br></blockquote><div>Good point, added.=C2=A0</div><blockquote cla=
ss=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;=
border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex=
">
<br>
<br>
Sections 10.2.5 - 10.2.7 (compliance): It&#39;s unclear what role the TLS<b=
r>
Feature extension plays.<br></blockquote><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" =
style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:s=
olid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><br>
10.2.5 says that compliance means &quot;accompanied by at least one valid<b=
r>
SCT.&quot;<br>
<br>
10.2.6 says that if transparency_info is present in the TLS<br>
Feature extension, then &quot;CT compliance ... is required&quot; and that =
&quot;TLS<br>
clients MUST treat certificates which fail this requirement as<br>
non-compliant.&quot;=C2=A0 In other words, non-compliance must be treated a=
s<br>
non-compliant, which isn&#39;t saying anything.<br>
<br>
10.2.7 says that if the certificate chain is non-compliant, the &quot;TLS<b=
r>
client MUST refuse the connection,&quot; which renders the TLS feature<br>
extension unnecessary.<br>
<br>
I assume the intent is that if transparency_info is in the TLS Feature<br>
extension, then TLS clients MUST refuse connections using non-compliant<br>
chains.=C2=A0 Otherwise, they MAY refuse connections using non-compliant<br=
>
chains, depending on the client&#39;s policy.<br></blockquote><div>What cha=
nges do you suggest here? That section 10.2.6 explicitly state that a TLS c=
lient must refuse the connection in case of non-compliance?=C2=A0</div><blo=
ckquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left=
-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);paddi=
ng-left:1ex">
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer">=
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--94eb2c07d73a66deb9053552554a--


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On 6/15/16 12:33 AM, Rob Stradling wrote:
> Are you asking "Stay or Defer" or "Stay or Go" or "Stay or Defer or Go"?

I am asking "Stay or Go."  Note that in the IETF someone can
introduce a new topic/draft/whatever, and that in some sense
no question is ever completely closed.  But what I'm asking is
what should be in 6962-bis.

Melinda



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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 18:48:36 +0100
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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I think on balance it should stay. My reasoning is that it is unclear
whether it will be used or not. Implementations that decide not to use
it are not burdened by the specification. Adding it back later is
substantial pain. If it really turns out to be useless, it can be
removed in a later iteration.

On 15 June 2016 at 18:33, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
> On 6/15/16 12:33 AM, Rob Stradling wrote:
>>
>> Are you asking "Stay or Defer" or "Stay or Go" or "Stay or Defer or Go"?
>
>
> I am asking "Stay or Go."  Note that in the IETF someone can
> introduce a new topic/draft/whatever, and that in some sense
> no question is ever completely closed.  But what I'm asking is
> what should be in 6962-bis.
>
> Melinda
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans


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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 10:56:58 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Trans <trans@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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On Wed, 15 Jun 2016 10:00:27 +0100
Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:

> On 10 June 2016 at 15:16, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
> wrote:
> > I think it's fair enough to say that if you withhold information
> > from CT, CT won't help you as much as it otherwise would have done.
> >
> > I see the attraction of replacing "redacted labels not with '?' but
> > with a salted cryptographic hash of the label, with the salt
> > specified in the Redacted Labels Certificate Extension", but I'd
> > prefer to avoid increasing complexity.
> 
> I also like this suggestion. It does have the obvious downside that
> dictionary attacks work, though they can be made expensive.

A sufficiently-long random salt makes dictionary attacks infeasible.
Since the salt is only specified in the certificate, anyone who knows
the salt knows the unredacted labels already.

Regards,
Andrew


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Threat document - status and question
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On Mon, 13 Jun 2016 10:55:07 -0400
Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com> wrote:

> Andrew,
> 
> 
> 
> > ...
> > I would much rather the attack be fixed (I described one possible
> > fix) than merely describing it in the threat document.  Is this not
> > an option?
> Not for me to say. But I agree that the issue you cited is troubling.
> > ...
> > No, even if a monitor has access to full cert data, they aren't
> > maximally useful when redaction is used (I consider this
> > unexpected). If a monitor is configured with:
> >
> > 	www1.example.com should have key A
> > 	www2.example.com should have key B
> >
> > and it sees a pre-cert for ?.example.com using key A, it can't
> > say for certainty whether this is OK, because the pre-cert might be
> > for www1.example.com, or it might be for www2.example.com.
> > draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt says to accept the pre-cert
> > in this case, which makes it possible to launch the attack I
> > described.
> 
> Yes, a Monitor serving www1 would think the log entry was OK,
> even though it also would match www2. But, this requires that www2
> has the same key as www1. If there was a compromise of www1, then
> I agree that a Monitor would not detect the compromise, but a
> Monitor isn't really intended to do that. 

Alternatively, www1 could be operated by a third party who holds the
private key (not an uncommon scenario).  I think a Monitor should be
expected to detect an attempt by that third-party to misuse their key to
impersonate www2.

> If this represents collusion
> between www1 and www2 then this is good example of how colluding
> Subjects could use an SCT issued for one Subject with a cert for
> another Subject, because of the properties of redacted certs. Got it.

It doesn't require collusion between the subjects.  Rather, one subject
colludes with the CA to attack the other subject.

Regards,
Andrew


From nobody Wed Jun 15 11:43:17 2016
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From: Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>
To: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>, Trans <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 18:43:13 +0000
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References: <20160606102935.c0c293fb4d7014aa44a180bb@andrewayer.name> <alpine.LRH.2.20.1606061341090.20202@bofh.nohats.ca> <20160606111744.8dafc30af2562fd5dec55f20@andrewayer.name> <1591a26c-c3e7-719e-9a6d-3910779f33a7@comodo.com> <20160609114414.c033b7a6562f5afe27936506@andrewayer.name> <a8ac40ff-21c6-afa4-49ef-38c6c7479b8c@comodo.com> <CABrd9SRpjMvAL9mWAOyX14AaBAUu+wOB5TZ1Eg_JzOQiooYdSg@mail.gmail.com> <20160615105658.c3226171a02089f4106cc88d@andrewayer.name>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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I'm in favor of keeping redaction in, even with the added complexity.
Considering the number of enterprises that currently use domain names as a
directory, I think redaction is the difference between wide spread adoption
v. a single implementation for EV certificates. Since the intended
beneficiaries of CT are primarily the website owners, giving them insight on
certs issued to domains, it's up to the domain owner to have a policy for or
against redaction of their domain names.   

-----Original Message-----
From: Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Andrew Ayer
Sent: Wednesday, June 15, 2016 11:57 AM
To: Trans <trans@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs

On Wed, 15 Jun 2016 10:00:27 +0100
Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:

> On 10 June 2016 at 15:16, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
> wrote:
> > I think it's fair enough to say that if you withhold information 
> > from CT, CT won't help you as much as it otherwise would have done.
> >
> > I see the attraction of replacing "redacted labels not with '?' but 
> > with a salted cryptographic hash of the label, with the salt 
> > specified in the Redacted Labels Certificate Extension", but I'd 
> > prefer to avoid increasing complexity.
> 
> I also like this suggestion. It does have the obvious downside that 
> dictionary attacks work, though they can be made expensive.

A sufficiently-long random salt makes dictionary attacks infeasible.
Since the salt is only specified in the certificate, anyone who knows the
salt knows the unredacted labels already.

Regards,
Andrew

_______________________________________________
Trans mailing list
Trans@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans

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From nobody Wed Jun 15 12:08:14 2016
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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 12:08:10 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Trans <trans@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redacted pre-cert can correspond to multiple certs
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On Wed, 15 Jun 2016 09:58:20 +0100
Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:

> On 9 June 2016 at 19:44, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:
> > On Thu, 9 Jun 2016 16:43:48 +0100
> > Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:
> >
> >> On 06/06/16 19:17, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> >> > On Mon, 6 Jun 2016 13:52:57 -0400 (EDT)
> >> > Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:
> >> >
> >> >> On Mon, 6 Jun 2016, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> >> >>
> >> >>> This enables the following attack:
> >> >>>
> >> >>> 1. A CA issues a legitimate certificate for www1.example.com
> >> >>> and logs a pre-certificate for ?.example.com.  A monitor for
> >> >>> example.com knows the pre-certificate is legitimate because it
> >> >>> matches a known certificate for www1.example.com.
> >> >>>
> >> >>> 2. The CA misbehaves and issues an unauthorized certificate for
> >> >>> www2.example.com which, except for the DNS name, has exactly
> >> >>> the same details (including serial number and public key) as
> >> >>> the certificate for www1.example.com.  The CA does not log a
> >> >>> certificate or pre-certificate.
> >> >>>
> >> >>> 3. An attacker serves the rogue certificate for
> >> >>> www2.example.com along with the SCT for the ?.example.com
> >> >>> pre-certificate.  TLS clients accept it because the
> >> >>> TBSCertificate that is reconstructed from the certificate
> >> >>> matches the TBSCertificate of the pre-certificate.  Monitors
> >> >>> have no idea that there is a rogue certificate for
> >> >>> www2.example.com.
> >> >>
> >> >> That means the attacker has the private key?
> >> >
> >> > Yes, but that only limits the attack, not eliminate it.  It means
> >> > that if the attacker gets the private key for one host, they can
> >> > (with CA collusion) pivot to attacking other hosts whose names
> >> > match the same redaction pattern.
> >> >
> >> >> I guess when the second certificate would be logged, this would
> >> >> show up as mis-issued, and possibly both certificates would get
> >> >> revoked?
> >> >
> >> > The second certificate would never be logged.  The way that
> >> > logging is enforced is that clients reject certificates that
> >> > aren't accompanied by a valid SCT.  But since an SCT for the
> >> > first certificate's pre-certificate can be used to prove that
> >> > the second certificate was logged, clients can be tricked into
> >> > accepting the second certificate even if it was never logged.
> >> >
> >> > That's basically the crux of the problem - with name redaction,
> >> > SCTs do not prove that a certificate was logged, they only prove
> >> > that some pre-certificate matching the name redacted pattern was
> >> > logged.  I argue that for monitoring to be useful, SCTs need to
> >> > prove that a pre-certificate matching the exact name was logged.
> >> >
> >> > Regards,
> >> > Andrew
> >>
> >> If a wildcard cert for *.example.com is logged, it can be used for
> >> https://www1.example.com, https://www2.example.com and
> >> https://anythingyoulike.example.com.
> >>
> >> How does name redaction make the situation any worse than that?
> >
> > If a domain owner requests a wildcard certificate for *.example.com,
> > they are accepting the possibility that the certificate can be used
> > with any sub-domain.  It's expected.
> >
> > If a domain owner requests a certificate for www1.example.com, the
> > expectation is that the certificate only works with
> > www1.example.com. But if the domain owner requests redaction, they
> > are now making it possible for the CA is misbehave and issue
> > certificates for hosts besides www1.example.com that will be
> > accepted by clients and not detected by the domain owner's
> > monitor.  That seems like a violation of user expectation.
> 
> That is still no different from the wildcard example, though - the CA
> can also issues a "second" cert for *.example.com (it is the same
> cert, of course) and mount the same attack.

I suppose that one's perspective on this matter depends on what
information they think a logged redacted pre-certificate should be able
to convey to the domain owner.

If an unredacted, non-wildcard pre-cert is logged, everybody knows what
DNS name the cert is used with.

If a wildcard pre-cert is logged, nobody knows what DNS name the cert
is used with.

I think that redacted pre-certs should occupy a middle ground: the
domain owner (given the right information) knows what DNS name the cert
is used with, but no one else does.

This is why I think my attack is a problem.  But if one thinks a
redacted pre-cert shouldn't convey any more information to a domain
owner than a wildcard pre-cert, then the attack is not a big deal.

Regards,
Andrew


From nobody Wed Jun 15 12:26:19 2016
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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 12:26:15 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Some comments on draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-16
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On Wed, 15 Jun 2016 15:56:59 +0100
Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com> wrote:

> On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 4:31 AM, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
> wrote:
> 
> > Section 6.6 (get-all-by-hash): It's not clear whether the inclusion
> > proof is to the requested STH or to the returned STH.  I'm pretty
> > sure it's supposed to be the returned STH, but this wording
> > suggests it's the requested STH:
> >
> >         tree_size:  The tree_size of the tree on which to base the
> >         proofs, in decimal
> >
> > In this wording, it's unclear what "selected STH" refers to:
> >
> >         inclusion:  A base64 encoded "TransItem" of type
> >         "inclusion_proof_v2" whose "inclusion_path" array of Merkle
> >         Tree nodes proves the inclusion of the chosen certificate in
> >         the selected STH.
> >
> I've changed the description to say 'returned STH' rather than
> 'selected STH' for more clarity. I didn't change the tree_size
> description as it seems obvious to me this is what the client
> requests, but text to clarify that this may not be what the client
> gets is welcome.

I'll think about it.  Changing "Selected STH" to "Returned STH" is
probably good enough.

> > Sections 10.2.5 - 10.2.7 (compliance): It's unclear what role the
> > TLS Feature extension plays.
> >
> 
> > 10.2.5 says that compliance means "accompanied by at least one valid
> > SCT."
> >
> > 10.2.6 says that if transparency_info is present in the TLS
> > Feature extension, then "CT compliance ... is required" and that
> > "TLS clients MUST treat certificates which fail this requirement as
> > non-compliant."  In other words, non-compliance must be treated as
> > non-compliant, which isn't saying anything.
> >
> > 10.2.7 says that if the certificate chain is non-compliant, the "TLS
> > client MUST refuse the connection," which renders the TLS feature
> > extension unnecessary.
> >
> > I assume the intent is that if transparency_info is in the TLS
> > Feature extension, then TLS clients MUST refuse connections using
> > non-compliant chains.  Otherwise, they MAY refuse connections using
> > non-compliant chains, depending on the client's policy.
> >
> What changes do you suggest here? That section 10.2.6 explicitly
> state that a TLS client must refuse the connection in case of
> non-compliance?

I've opened a pull request on GitHub for my suggested changes:

https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/173

Regards,
Andrew


From nobody Wed Jun 15 13:04:28 2016
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Ben,

> I think on balance it should stay. My reasoning is that it is unclear
> whether it will be used or not. Implementations that decide not to use
> it are not burdened by the specification. Adding it back later is
> substantial pain. If it really turns out to be useless, it can be
> removed in a later iteration.
Support for redacted certs seems to be optional for CAs (as per 4.2.1).
However, 10.2.2 seems to mandate support for redaction in TLS Clients. 
Thus it would seem that TLS Clients are burdened by redaction.

Steve


From nobody Wed Jun 15 14:52:32 2016
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 02:08:20PM +0000, Salz, Rich wrote:
> CT shouldn't require *everything* on the web to be public.  Nor should it
> require *everything* accessible via Chrome, Safari, or other CT browser,
> to be public.  And it should not limit privacy to those with deep pockets.

CT doesn't require everything on the web to be public.  It only requires
everything authenticated by the web PKI to be public.

- Matt

-- 
There is no finite resource poor policy making can't make scarce.
		-- David Conrad, in NANOG


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From: Sanjay Modi <Sanjay_Modi@symantec.com>
To: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 15:04:48 -0700
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Redaction (4.2) should stay. It provides a necessary mechanism for domain
owners to protect the privacy and security of their domains when
participating
in certificate transparency. With redaction, domain owners are able to get
the full benefits of monitoring certificates issued to their domains and
also get the privacy protection they need. We have talked extensively with
customers
who have validated the requirement for privacy. Since we rolled out
redaction
support several days ago, we have already had hundreds of customers select
this option for over
1500 certificates.

Other solution paths, while fail to support all of the key use cases like
name
redaction can:

Wildcards =AD this could work for some organizations, however it is common
for large enterprises to have explicit IT
policies prohibiting the use of wildcard certificates.

Name Constrained Intermediate =AD this has proven to be unmanageable as it
is doesn=B9t enable additional domains to be
added later, a key use case for most customers.

Private CA =AD this too can work but is relevant only for non-browser use
cases. Customers consistently choose publicly trusted certificates for
internal sites for root ubiquity and manageability.

Thanks,


Sanjay

On 6/14/16, 9:03 PM, "Melinda Shore" <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:

>Hi, all:
>
>As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,
>it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether
>name redaction should stay or go.  I just went through the
>mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy
>agreement that it should go (for example, Rob's comment:
>"Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction
>option than add further complexity.").  So, if anybody has
>particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees
>about removing name redaction, please weigh in.
>
>Thanks,
>
>Melinda
>
>_______________________________________________
>Trans mailing list
>Trans@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans


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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Matt Palmer <mpalmer@hezmatt.org>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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=20
> CT doesn't require everything on the web to be public.  It only requires
> everything authenticated by the web PKI to be public.

Pretending that anyone can got an interoperable private PKI that's usable c=
ommon browsers (Chrome Safari at least) is, well, just that: pretending.


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 7:24 AM, Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com> wrote:
> On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 3:08 PM, Salz, Rich <rsalz@akamai.com> wrote:
>> And it should not limit privacy to those with deep pockets.
>
> This is where I truly lack data/insight. From a technical perspective,
> redaction with a name-constrained intermediate is equivalent  to redaction
> of domain name labels but I don't know how much more work it is for a CA to
> set up (technical arguments on why they may not be equivalent are _very_
> relevant to this discussion).
> Redaction can also be achieved by certificates with wildcards, so the only
> reason (I can see) to use 6962-bis redaction is to redact multiple levels of
> a domain name.

The WebTrust for CA criteria require a full ceremony to generate CA
keys (see section 4.1 in
http://www.webtrust.org/homepage-documents/item54279.pdf).  This is
not cheap to execute.

Each subordinate also needs to be configured in the CA's systems.
Additionally many HSMs do have finite space -- so massively increasing
the number of subordinates may require purchasing more HSMs.

So a new intermediate is by no means free.

Thanks,
Peter


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From: Matt Palmer <mpalmer@hezmatt.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Wed, Jun 15, 2016 at 10:29:15PM +0000, Salz, Rich wrote:
> > CT doesn't require everything on the web to be public.  It only requires
> > everything authenticated by the web PKI to be public.
> 
> Pretending that anyone can got an interoperable private PKI that's usable
> common browsers (Chrome Safari at least) is, well, just that: pretending.

Now you're moving the goal posts.  You said nothing about widely
interoperable, and in fact, it's completely contrary to the idea of
something that is "private".  You can't have "private" and "accessible to
lots of people", the world just doesn't work that way.

Anything that's private enough that accidental or malicious disclosure isn't
a significant risk is also going to be accessed by a sufficiently small
group, or in a suitably constrained environment, that managing a private PKI
is a smaller cost (and one which is paid by the beneficiary) than the
external cost imposed upon the web PKI by redaction and other forms of
attempted secrecy.

For my money, I think redaction should go from 6962-bis.  To my knowledge,
the implementations of redaction are far less mature than the
implementations of the rest of the spec, the one major client-side
implementation of CT has made a policy decision not to support it, and
there's still a number of different proposals to make it less prone to
attack (hashed labels, et al).  I believe that it would be straightforward
to retrofit it into the system with a separate RFC at a later time, when all
the kinks have been worked out, so there's no reason not to remove it now
and have those people who believe redaction is worth pursuing work on it
separately.

- Matt


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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Matt Palmer <mpalmer@hezmatt.org>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2016 01:03:46 +0000
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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> Now you're moving the goal posts.

No.  CT would move the goalposts.


From nobody Wed Jun 15 21:30:33 2016
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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 21:30:29 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Having recently started work on code to reconstruct a precert
TBSCertificate given a name-redacted certificate, I agree that the
following is a concern:

On Wed, 15 Jun 2016 13:47:18 +0100 Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com> wrote:

> * If the original, redacted precert had encoding violations it will
> be very hard for the client to re-encode it correctly (I'll point out
> that logs MAY accept cert chains that are "not fully valid according
> to RFC 5280 verification rules in order to accommodate quirks of CA
> certificate-issuing software").

A concrete example is a cert with trailing garbage at the end of the
subjectAltName, such as this one:

https://crt.sh/?q=cf144cad0599775dc273d02205f1fccfd042a43dbf382695950e82fa0b601ec7

When reconstructing a redacted pre-cert TBSCertificate, it is necessary
to parse the subjectAltName and then re-encode it.  Should
implementations be expected to remember the trailing garbage and
include it in the reconstructed TBSCertificate?  I think that would be
an unreasonable requirement due to the complexity.  However, if a
popular implementation decides to do that, and then the ecosystem gets
flooded with certs exhibiting this encoding error, it will become a de
facto requirement for other implementations, driving up the complexity
cost of supporting redaction.

Another challenge is non-ASCII characters in DNS SANs or IA5String
common names.  A client might normally ignore improperly-encoded
identifiers so the certificate can still work with the other
identifiers.  However, with redaction, for the certificate to work for
any identifier, the client needs to be able to decode all of them and
then re-encode the incorrectly-encoded ones with the same encoding
violation as the original certificate.

Regards,
Andrew


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Date: Wed, 15 Jun 2016 21:31:00 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
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Subject: [Trans] Redacted Labels extension with zero elements
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There is an annoying edge case where a certificate with no DNS- or
CN-IDs can have a Redacted Labels extension with zero elements and not
be invalid according to 6962-bis.

This means you can't immediately reject a certificate if the Redacted
Labels extension has fewer than one element.  Combined with the
requirement that the last integer implicitly repeats, this made my
TBSCertificate reconstruction implementation more complicated than it
would be otherwise.  Considering that this code involves indexing an
array, which carries a risk of invalid memory access in memory unsafe
languages, I think it's important to make it possible to detect and
reject bad input as easily and as early as possible.

If redaction is not removed, could we specify that the Redacted
Labels extension MUST NOT be present if no labels are redacted?

Regards,
Andrew


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Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2016 14:42:00 +1000
From: Matt Palmer <mpalmer@hezmatt.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 01:03:46AM +0000, Salz, Rich wrote:
> > Now you're moving the goal posts.
> 
> No.  CT would move the goalposts.

CT moves the goalposts to a good place.

- Matt

-- 
A polar bear is a rectangular bear after a coordinate transform.


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From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On 16/06/16 00:11, Matt Palmer wrote:
<snip>
> For my money, I think redaction should go from 6962-bis.  To my knowledge,
> the implementations of redaction are far less mature than the
> implementations of the rest of the spec, the one major client-side
> implementation of CT has made a policy decision not to support it, and
> there's still a number of different proposals to make it less prone to
> attack (hashed labels, et al).  I believe that it would be straightforward
> to retrofit it into the system with a separate RFC at a later time, when all
> the kinks have been worked out, so there's no reason not to remove it now
> and have those people who believe redaction is worth pursuing work on it
> separately.

+1

For all of these reasons, I've been growing increasingly uncomfortable 
with the thought of the redaction mechanism (as currently defined in 
6962-bis section 4.2) going into the Standards Track RFC that 6962-bis 
is destined to become.

I think we should remove it from 6962-bis, and then work on a 
draft-trans-redaction I-D (with the aim of publishing it as an 
Experimental RFC).  If we take this approach, I'll volunteer to be a 
document (co)author.

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


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Andrew,


>> ...
>> Yes, a Monitor serving www1 would think the log entry was OK,
>> even though it also would match www2. But, this requires that www2
>> has the same key as www1. If there was a compromise of www1, then
>> I agree that a Monitor would not detect the compromise, but a
>> Monitor isn't really intended to do that.
> Alternatively, www1 could be operated by a third party who holds the
> private key (not an uncommon scenario).  I think a Monitor should be
> expected to detect an attempt by that third-party to misuse their key to
> impersonate www2.
I agree that the purpose of a Monitor is to detect cert mis-issuance and 
having www2 be able to use the same SCT as www1 is an example of such.

If the private key for www1 is held by another party because that party 
is running the web site on behalf of the entity responsible for www1, 
then www1 already has a serious vulnerability. Is there some other case 
where you envision www1 will grant a 3rd party access to its private key?
>> If this represents collusion
>> between www1 and www2 then this is good example of how colluding
>> Subjects could use an SCT issued for one Subject with a cert for
>> another Subject, because of the properties of redacted certs. Got it.
> It doesn't require collusion between the subjects.  Rather, one subject
> colludes with the CA to attack the other subject.
Yes, because name-redaction requires a pre-cert, and only a CA can 
submit a pre-cert, the CA issuing the pre-cert has to be complicit. 
Thanks for the clarification.

Steve


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Peter,

> On Tue, Jun 14, 2016 at 9:03 PM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
>> As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,
>> it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether
>> name redaction should stay or go.  I just went through the
>> mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy
>> agreement that it should go (for example, Rob's comment:
>> "Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction
>> option than add further complexity.").  So, if anybody has
>> particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees
>> about removing name redaction, please weigh in.
> To be clear, are you asking about 4.2 and 4.3 or just 4.2?
As I noted in my message to Ben yesterday, section 10.2. is also 
relevant, as it mandates TLS client behavior that deals with 
name-redacted certs.

Steve


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Attempting to summarize a discussion for redaction (that took place on
another medium yesterday, Peter Bowen and Rich Salz will correct me if I'm
wrong):
- Redaction doesn't seem to be for domain names that are meant to be
publicly resolvable, because there's no guarantee that the first client to
connect to them will submit the certificate chain to a CT log (what
expectation of confidentiality can be had for a domain name that is
publicly registered, publicly resolvable to a non-internal IP and secured
with a certificate from a public root?).
- Redaction is needed for private namespaces: domains that utilize
split-horizon DNS with hostnames that resolve only if looked up from an
organization's internal network. Such domains are secured using public
roots because in the era of Bring-Your-Own-Device the claim is it's
infeasible to install private CA certificates on all devices that access
the network (some are user devices, some don't support that).
- In this scenario it is more reasonable to expect clients not to log the
unredacted chain (I don't expect clients to log certs without SCTs by
default due to privacy implications, though one can imagine a Firefox
extension doing so).
- My conclusion is that redaction is a defence-in-depth mechanism for
keeping internal domain names, which are considered confidential
information by some organizations, from leaking. Redaction does not provide
full defence against such leaks as clients may still submit unredacted
certs and logs may still log them.

Another downside to redaction is that it makes it more difficult to track
down what a redacted certificate is used for within an organization (i.e.
the security team observes, in a log, a certificate for ?.example.com not
issued by the CA that issues everything else for example.com. They would
then have to contact the issuer to get the identity of the requester,
whereas a similar certificate for something.example.com would only require
internal investigation to find out the system the certificate is used by).


On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 3:05 PM, Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com> wrote:

> Peter,
>
> On Tue, Jun 14, 2016 at 9:03 PM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
>> wrote:
>>
>>> As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,
>>> it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether
>>> name redaction should stay or go.  I just went through the
>>> mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy
>>> agreement that it should go (for example, Rob's comment:
>>> "Regarding fixing it: I'd rather nuke the redaction
>>> option than add further complexity.").  So, if anybody has
>>> particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees
>>> about removing name redaction, please weigh in.
>>>
>> To be clear, are you asking about 4.2 and 4.3 or just 4.2?
>>
> As I noted in my message to Ben yesterday, section 10.2. is also relevant,
> as it mandates TLS client behavior that deals with name-redacted certs.
>
That's also my understanding of section 10.2.

>
> Steve
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Attempting to summarize a discussion for redaction (that t=
ook place on another medium yesterday, Peter Bowen and Rich Salz will corre=
ct me if I&#39;m wrong):<div>- Redaction doesn&#39;t seem to be for domain =
names that are meant to be publicly resolvable, because there&#39;s no guar=
antee that the first client to connect to them will submit the certificate =
chain to a CT log (what expectation of confidentiality can be had for a dom=
ain name that is publicly registered, publicly resolvable to a non-internal=
 IP and secured with a certificate from a public root?).</div><div>- Redact=
ion is needed for private namespaces: domains that utilize split-horizon DN=
S with hostnames that resolve only if looked up from an organization&#39;s =
internal network. Such domains are secured using public roots because in th=
e era of Bring-Your-Own-Device the claim is it&#39;s infeasible to install =
private CA certificates on all devices that access the network (some are us=
er devices, some don&#39;t support that).</div><div>- In this scenario it i=
s more reasonable to expect clients not to log the unredacted chain (I don&=
#39;t expect clients to log certs without SCTs by default due to privacy im=
plications, though one can imagine a Firefox extension doing so).</div><div=
>- My conclusion is that redaction is a defence-in-depth mechanism for keep=
ing internal domain names, which are considered confidential information by=
 some organizations, from leaking. Redaction does not provide full defence =
against such leaks as clients may still submit unredacted certs and logs ma=
y still log them.=C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>Another downside to redact=
ion is that it makes it more difficult to track down what a redacted certif=
icate is used for within an organization (i.e. the security team observes, =
in a log, a certificate for ?.<a href=3D"http://example.com">example.com</a=
> not issued by the CA that issues everything else for <a href=3D"http://ex=
ample.com">example.com</a>. They would then have to contact the issuer to g=
et the identity of the requester, whereas a similar certificate for <a href=
=3D"http://something.example.com">something.example.com</a> would only requ=
ire internal investigation to find out the system the certificate is used b=
y).</div><div><div><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"g=
mail_quote">On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 3:05 PM, Stephen Kent <span dir=3D"ltr"=
>&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:kent@bbn.com">kent@bbn.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>=
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);p=
adding-left:1ex">Peter,<span><br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);p=
adding-left:1ex">
On Tue, Jun 14, 2016 at 9:03 PM, Melinda Shore &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:melind=
a.shore@gmail.com">melinda.shore@gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-=
left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);p=
adding-left:1ex">
As we approach the end of working group last call on 6962-bis,<br>
it looks like we have an unresolved question about whether<br>
name redaction should stay or go.=C2=A0 I just went through the<br>
mailing list archive and it looks like we have squishy<br>
agreement that it should go (for example, Rob&#39;s comment:<br>
&quot;Regarding fixing it: I&#39;d rather nuke the redaction<br>
option than add further complexity.&quot;).=C2=A0 So, if anybody has<br>
particularly strong feelings about this, or disagrees<br>
about removing name redaction, please weigh in.<br>
</blockquote>
To be clear, are you asking about 4.2 and 4.3 or just 4.2?<br>
</blockquote></span>
As I noted in my message to Ben yesterday, section 10.2. is also relevant, =
as it mandates TLS client behavior that deals with name-redacted certs.<br>=
</blockquote><div>That&#39;s also my understanding of section 10.2.=C2=A0</=
div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;bor=
der-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,20=
4);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Steve<div><div><br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer">=
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div></div></div>

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Here are my comments on 6962-bis:

Section 1.

Still no definition of mis-issuance here. Why not use the text I 
supplied months ago, and cite the threat analysis document?

There ought to be a mentionof the residual vulnerabilities that arise 
when usingname-redacted pre-certificates or wildcard certificates, in 
light of the recent discussions. Specifically, the problems Monitors 
face in trying to protect a Subject when the Subject’s name is 
encompassed by SCTs associated with these certificates.

I thought the WG agreed, long ago, to not mandate behavior for TLS 
clients with regard to the presence or absence of SCTs. Yet this section 
says

“TLS clients can thus require that all certificates they accept asvalid 
are accompanied by signed timestamps.”

which seems to be pretty close to that.

Section 3

The term “preannounce” seems odd. “Pre-register” might make more sense, 
given that the action of submission to a log is a form of registration. 
Online dictionaries that I queried gave definitions for preannounce that 
didn’t seem to be a great match to this activity.

Saying that the submission of a pre-certificatesignifies a binding 
intent to issue the certificate is slightly misleading. A CA might not 
wind up issuing the associated certificate, for a variety of reasons. I 
think it would be better to just drop the word “binding” here.

Section 4

Suggested re-wording:

We define a mechanism to allow these private labels to not appear in 
public logs, *while still retaining the security benefits that accrue 
from using certificate transparency mechanisms.*

In Section 4.1 wording is used to motivate the need for name-redacted 
pre-certificates. It does not say, explicitly, that wildcard 
certificates can be logged and used in the CT context. It also should 
note the possible problems they represent for Monitors.

Given the recent debate about name-redaction, I’m not convinced that the 
description in 4.2.2 provides sufficient detail for Monitors and TLS 
clients to know precisely how to compare an SCT for a name-redacted 
pre-certificate to a certificate.

RFC 5280 states that name constraints is a critical extension, so the 
text in 4.3 conflicts with that RFC.

Section 5

The text still says

Log operators MUST NOT impose any conditions on retrieving or sharing 
data from the log.

I asked if Rich’s on-list statement about how Akamai planned to operate 
a log was consistent with this mandate, but never received a response.

Section 5.1 should include a statement that the list of trust anchors 
accepted by a log is part of the log’s metadata.

Section 5.3 allows a log to create it’s own OID, instead of using one of 
the log ID registries. This seems to allow for collisions, and is not 
consistent with the general IETF rationale for creating registries.

The description for log shutdown is much improved from prior version 
that I read. However, there are a couple of requirements here that don’t 
have an associated explanation of how they can be achieved.

Make it known to clients and monitors that the log will be frozen

Keep the log running until the certificates in all of its entries have 
expired or exist in other logs (this can be determined by scanning other 
logs or connecting to domains mentioned in the certificates and 
inspecting the SCTs served).

Section 8

The opening sentence is 5 lines long, which makes it a bit hard to read. 
But, overall, this section is much improved over previous versions.

The description the benefits and disadvantages of the certificate 
extensionto carry an SCT mentions inclusion proofs. This may be 
confusing to readers, since the extension does not contain an 
inclusionproof. It would be better to say that use of this method to 
deliver an SCT requires that a TLS client use a different mechanism to 
acquire an inclusion proof (and STH).

In Section 8.1 the discussion of collusion between a CA and a log ought 
to cite the relevant section(s) of the threat analysis.

Section 9

The transparency information extension MUST be non-critical, for 
backward compatibility with TLS clients that are nopt CT-aware.

Note that an OCSP responder may be separate from a CA; the wording in 
9.1.1 needs to be revised to reflect that.

What does 9.2 means when it says

When a certificate chain includes such a certificate, this indicates 
that CT compliance is required.

Required by what?

Section 10

The opening sentence is not very useful for a standards track document. 
It suggests CT lacks a well-defined architecture.

The metadata list in 10.1 seems to omit the set of trust anchors 
accepted by the log.

In 10.2.4 the text says “…The client then has to verify …” Did you mean 
to say “MUST” here?

The language in 10.2.5 about compliance isn’t very useful, when 
separated from the text in 10.2.7. Why have these as two separate 
subsections?

The wording in 10.2.7 seems intended to skirt the prior agreement to not 
mandate client behavior in the event of amissing SCT. Also, the wording 
is sloppy. For example, the text says

In the case that use of TLS with a _valid_ certificate is mandated ...

Certificate _validity_ is defined by 5280 and profiles thereof. Do you 
mean to say a _CT-compliant certificate_ here? The same comment applies 
to the next bullet which describes what to do if use of a “valid 
certificate” is optional. Also, what does it mean for a TLS client to 
“not treat the certificate as valid?”

The definition of a Monitor still seems to be wrong, and the recent 
debate about name-redacted certificates gives further evidence of that. 
I think most folks believe the primary function of a Monitor is to 
observe logs to detect when a certificate is logged that is not 
consistent with the Monitor’s information about the Subject of the 
logged certificate. The definitionof a Monitor provided here makes this 
function optional. It attributes to a Monitor a function that is, I 
believe, a function of Auditing.

The text here is not very precise in describing Monitor behavior re 
looking for log entries that conflict with certificates the Monitor is 
trying to protect. I suggest using text from 
draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt. For example:

A Monitor observes a set of logs to detect certificate mis-issuance. A 
Monitor notifies a Subject [CA-Subject] when a bogus (orerroneous) 
certificate [draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis] has been issued on behalf 
of that Subject. Every CT-aware Subject is expected to either perform 
self-Monitoring or to arrange with a third-party Monitor to detect 
mis-issued certificates on behalf of the Subject.

Similarly, the description of how a Monitor does its job seems to omit 
what I believe is its critical function. Again, the cited I-D above 
provide a concise description in its introduction:

A Monitor performs its function by examining all entries from a set of 
logs and comparing these entries to reference data for a set of one or 
more Subjects. The reference data consists, at a minimum, of a list of 
Subject and Subject Alternative Names and the pubic key information 
associated with each, supplied by the Subject. If a Monitor detects a 
log entry for a certificate that is inconsistent with the reference data 
for a Subject, the Monitor notifies the Subject. A Subject may perform 
self-monitoring.

Overall, this section seems inadequate as a description of Monitor 
functionality.

Section 10.4 describes audit functions reasonably well, but presents a 
view that there is no separate Auditor function in CT. That conflicts 
with the design in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-02, and with 
draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01. I suggest that the first paragraph 
of this subsection be reworded to characterize the Audit function as one 
that may be performed by a client, Monitor, or by a separate entity. 
This subsection also ends with a statement not appropriate for a 
standard track document, as I have noted before:

The following algorithm outlines may be useful for clients that wish to 
perform various audit operations.

The statement above should be revised to _require_ that an element 
performing the Audit function MUST perform all of these checks in a 
fashion that produces results identical to those that the algorithms 
would yield. If the document doesn’t establish these algorithms as 
authoritative it is not defining what the Audit function is, and the 
text is not a very useful part of a standards track document.

Section 11

The last sentence here probably ought to be:

Certificates in the frozen log that have not yet expired and require new 
SCTs _SHOULD_ be submitted to the new log and the SCTs from that log 
used instead.

Section 13

The introduction text here is good, but it should be augmented with a 
discussion of the problems for Monitors posed by wildcard and 
name-redacted certificates (if the latter feature is retained). A 
reference to the threat document also would be appropriate here, rather 
than as a separate, trivial subsection (13.7). I suggest deleting that 
subsection.

13.1 says that a TLS client _may_ (lowercase) decide to reject a 
certificate w/o an SCT. This language is rather squishy compared to the 
strict language in 9.2.

13.2 should refer to Monitors (10.3) as the entities that detect 
mis-issuance. Monitors might be domain owners, as suggested, or CAs, or 
third parties, but the text here mentions only the 1^st example.

13.3 notes an important consideration, and its advice to CAs is good. 
Saying that clients may make a decision to reject such certificates 
underlines the potential for interoperability problems. I guess that’s 
OK for a statement in an SC section, but it seems a bit vague.

I note that 13.4 refers to a trusted Auditor, which conflicts with the 
characterization of Auditing in Section 10. Making the chnges I suggest 
to section would address this issue.


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<html>
  <head>
    <meta content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" http-equiv="Content-Type">
  </head>
  <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
    <p>Here are my comments on 6962-bis:<br>
    </p>
    <meta name="Title" content="">
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 1. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Still no
        definition of
        mis-issuance here. Why not use the text I supplied months ago,
        and cite the
        threat analysis document?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">There ought
        to be a
        mention<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>of the residual
        vulnerabilities
        that arise when using<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>name-redacted
        pre-certificates
        or wildcard certificates, in light of the recent discussions.
        Specifically, the
        problems Monitors face in trying to protect a Subject when the
        Subject’s name
        is encompassed by SCTs associated with these certificates.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">I thought the
        WG agreed,
        long ago, to not mandate behavior for TLS clients with regard to
        the presence
        or absence of SCTs. Yet this section says <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><span
          style="mso-spacerun:yes">   </span>“TLS clients can thus
        require that all
        certificates they accept as<o:p></o:p></span><span
        style="font-family:Courier"> valid are accompanied by
        signed timestamps.”<o:p></o:p></span>
    </p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">which seems
        to be pretty
        close to that.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 3<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The term
        “preannounce”
        seems odd. “Pre-register” might make more sense, given that the
        action of
        submission to a log is a form of registration. Online
        dictionaries that I
        queried gave definitions for preannounce that didn’t seem to be
        a great match
        to this activity.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Saying that
        the submission
        of a pre-certificate<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>signifies
        a binding
        intent to issue the certificate is slightly misleading. A CA
        might not wind up
        issuing the associated certificate, for a variety of reasons. I
        think it would
        be better to just drop the word “binding” here.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 4<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Suggested
        re-wording:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier">We
        define a mechanism to allow these private labels to not appear
        in public logs, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight:normal">while
          still retaining the security benefits
          that accrue from using certificate transparency mechanisms.</b><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">In Section
        4.1 wording is
        used to motivate the need for name-redacted pre-certificates. It
        does not say,
        explicitly, that wildcard certificates can be logged and used in
        the CT
        context. It also should note the possible problems they
        represent for Monitors.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Given the
        recent debate
        about name-redaction, I’m not convinced that the description in
        4.2.2 provides
        sufficient detail for Monitors and TLS clients to know precisely
        how to compare
        an SCT for a name-redacted pre-certificate to a certificate.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">RFC 5280
        states that name
        constraints is a critical extension, so the text in 4.3
        conflicts with that
        RFC.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 5<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The text
        still says<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier">Log
        operators MUST NOT impose any conditions on retrieving or
        sharing data from the
        log.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">I asked if
        Rich’s on-list
        statement about how Akamai planned to operate a log was
        consistent with this
        mandate, but never received a response.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 5.1
        should include
        a statement that the list of trust anchors accepted by a log is
        part of the
        log’s metadata.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 5.3
        allows a log
        to create it’s own OID, instead of using one of the log ID
        registries. This
        seems to allow for collisions, and is not consistent with the
        general IETF
        rationale for creating registries.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The
        description for log
        shutdown is much improved from prior version that I read.
        However, there are a
        couple of requirements here that don’t have an associated
        explanation of how
        they can be achieved. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier">Make
        it known to clients and monitors that the log will be frozen<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier">Keep
        the log running until the certificates in all of its entries
        have expired or
        exist in other logs (this can be determined by scanning other
        logs or
        connecting to domains mentioned in the certificates and
        inspecting the SCTs
        served).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 8<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The opening
        sentence is 5
        lines long, which makes it a bit hard to read. But, overall,
        this section is
        much improved over previous versions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The
        description the
        benefits and disadvantages of the certificate extension<span
          style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>to carry an SCT mentions
        inclusion proofs.
        This may be confusing to readers, since the extension does not
        contain an
        inclusion<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>proof. It
        would be better to
        say that use of this method to deliver an SCT requires that a
        TLS client use a
        different mechanism to acquire an inclusion proof (and STH).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">In Section
        8.1 the
        discussion of collusion between a CA and a log ought to cite the
        relevant
        section(s) of the threat analysis.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 9<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The
        transparency
        information extension MUST be non-critical, for backward
        compatibility with TLS
        clients that are nopt CT-aware.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Note that an
        OCSP
        responder may be separate from a CA; the wording in 9.1.1 needs
        to be revised
        to reflect that.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">What does 9.2
        means when
        it says<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier">When
        a certificate chain includes such a certificate, this indicates
        that CT
        compliance is required.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Required by
        what? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 10<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The opening
        sentence is
        not very useful for a standards track document. It suggests CT
        lacks a
        well-defined architecture.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The metadata
        list in 10.1
        seems to omit the set of trust anchors accepted by the log.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">In 10.2.4 the
        text says “…The
        client then has to verify …” Did you mean to say “MUST” here? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The language
        in 10.2.5
        about compliance isn’t very useful, when separated from the text
        in 10.2.7. Why
        have these as two separate subsections? <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The wording
        in 10.2.7
        seems intended to skirt the prior agreement to not mandate
        client behavior in
        the event of a<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>missing
        SCT. Also, the
        wording is sloppy. For example, the text says<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><span
          style="mso-spacerun:yes"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:.5in"><span
        style="font-family:Courier">In
        the case that use of TLS with a <u>valid</u> certificate is
        mandated ...<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Certificate <u>validity</u>
        is defined by 5280 and profiles thereof. Do you mean to say a <u>CT-compliant
          certificate</u> here? The same comment applies to the next
        bullet which
        describes what to do if use of a “valid certificate” is
        optional. Also, what
        does it mean for a TLS client to “not treat the certificate as
        valid?” <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The
        definition of a
        Monitor still seems to be wrong, and the recent debate about
        name-redacted
        certificates gives further evidence of that. I think most folks
        believe the
        primary function of a Monitor is to observe logs to detect when
        a certificate
        is logged that is not consistent with the Monitor’s information
        about the
        Subject of the logged certificate. The definition<span
          style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>of a Monitor provided here
        makes this
        function optional. It attributes to a Monitor a function that
        is, I believe, a
        function of Auditing. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">The text here
        is not very
        precise in describing Monitor behavior re looking for log
        entries that conflict
        with certificates the Monitor is trying to protect. I suggest
        using text from draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt.
        For example:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="margin-left:.5in;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
      none;text-autospace:none"><span
        style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
        Courier;mso-bidi-font-family:Courier">A Monitor observes a set
        of logs to
        detect certificate mis-issuance. A Monitor notifies a Subject
        [CA-Subject] when
        a bogus (or<span style="mso-spacerun:yes">  </span>erroneous)
        certificate
        [draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis] has been issued on behalf of
        that Subject.
        Every CT-aware Subject is expected to either perform
        self-Monitoring or to
        arrange with a third-party Monitor to detect mis-issued
        certificates on behalf
        of the Subject.</span><span
        style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Courier"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier">Similarly,
        the description
        of how a Monitor does its job seems to omit what I believe is
        its critical
        function. Again, the cited I-D above provide a concise
        description in its introduction:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="margin-left:.5in;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
      none;text-autospace:none"><span
        style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
        Courier;mso-bidi-font-family:Courier">A Monitor performs its
        function by
        examining all entries from a set of logs and comparing these
        entries to
        reference data for a set of one or more Subjects. The reference
        data consists,
        at a minimum, of a list of Subject and Subject Alternative Names
        and the pubic
        key information associated with each, supplied by the Subject.
        If a Monitor
        detects a log entry for a certificate that is inconsistent with
        the reference
        data for a Subject, the Monitor notifies the Subject. A Subject
        may perform self-monitoring.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="margin-left:.5in;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
      none;text-autospace:none"><span
        style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:
        Courier;mso-bidi-font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span
        style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Courier;
        mso-bidi-font-family:Courier">Overall, this section seems
        inadequate as a
        description of Monitor functionality.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span
        style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Courier;
        mso-bidi-font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span
        style="mso-bidi-font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Courier;
        mso-bidi-font-family:Courier">Section 10.4 describes audit
        functions reasonably
        well, but presents a view that there is no separate Auditor
        function in CT.
        That conflicts with the design in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-02,
        and with </span><span style="font-family:Courier">draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.
        I suggest that
        the first paragraph of this subsection be reworded to
        characterize the Audit
        function as one that may be performed by a client, Monitor, or
        by a separate
        entity. This subsection also ends with a statement not
        appropriate for a
        standard track document, as I have noted before:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="margin-left:.5in;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
      none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">The
        following
        algorithm outlines may be useful for clients that wish to
        perform various audit
        operations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">The
        statement above should
        be revised to <u>require</u> that an element performing the
        Audit function MUST
        perform all of these checks in a fashion that produces results
        identical to
        those that the algorithms would yield. If the document doesn’t
        establish these
        algorithms as authoritative it is not defining what the Audit
        function is, and
        the text is not a very useful part of a standards track
        document.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 11<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">The last
        sentence here
        probably ought to be:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="margin-left:.5in;mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:
      none;text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">Certificates
        in the
        frozen log that have not yet expired and require new SCTs <u>SHOULD</u>
        be
        submitted to the new log and the SCTs from that log used
        instead.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">Section 13<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">The
        introduction text
        here is good, but it should be augmented with a discussion of
        the problems for
        Monitors posed by wildcard and name-redacted certificates (if
        the latter feature is
        retained). A reference to the threat document also would be
        appropriate here,
        rather than as a separate, trivial subsection (13.7). I suggest
        deleting that
        subsection. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">13.1 says
        that a TLS
        client <u>may</u> (lowercase) decide to reject a certificate
        w/o an SCT. This language
        is rather squishy compared to the strict language in 9.2.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">13.2 should
        refer to
        Monitors (10.3) as the entities that detect mis-issuance.
        Monitors might be
        domain owners, as suggested, or CAs, or third parties, but the
        text here
        mentions only the 1<sup>st</sup> example.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">13.3 notes
        an important
        consideration, and its advice to CAs is good. Saying that
        clients may make a
        decision to reject such certificates underlines the potential
        for
        interoperability problems. I guess that’s OK for a statement in
        an SC section, but it seems a bit vague.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier">I note that
        13.4 refers
        to a trusted Auditor, which conflicts with the characterization
        of Auditing in
        Section 10. Making the chnges I suggest to section would address
        this issue.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
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    <p class="MsoNormal"
      style="mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;
      text-autospace:none"><span style="font-family:Courier"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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--------------C9162173A58AB81B33F7DE67--


From nobody Thu Jun 16 11:21:45 2016
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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To echo what others have already said: redaction should go, for now. One
of my main objections to redaction, voiced on the ct-policy list, is the
complexity it introduces into the ecosystem. Removing redaction from
6962-bis means that clients don't have to take that complexity hit.'

A very good principle here is:

"No" is temporary; "Yes" is forever. If you're not sure about a new
feature, say no. You can change your mind later.
(https://github.com/docker/libcontainer/blob/master/PRINCIPLES.md#libcont=
ainer-principles)


From nobody Thu Jun 16 11:24:38 2016
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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Jacob Hoffman-Andrews <jsha@eff.org>, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
Thread-Index: AQHRxrscZIbHrjfZ3EWQuH23+09IT5/srXIA//+9mhA=
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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> A very good principle here is:
>=20
> "No" is temporary; "Yes" is forever. If you're not sure about a new featu=
re,
> say no. You can change your mind later.
> (https://github.com/docker/libcontainer/blob/master/PRINCIPLES.md#libco
> ntainer-principles)

That's a nice principle, but doesn't seem to hold in the IETF scale of thin=
gs.


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To: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>, Jacob Hoffman-Andrews <jsha@eff.org>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Date: Thu, 16 Jun 2016 10:36:37 -0800
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On 6/16/16 10:24 AM, Salz, Rich wrote:
>> A very good principle here is:
>> "No" is temporary; "Yes" is forever. If you're not sure about a new feature,
>> say no. You can change your mind later.
>> (https://github.com/docker/libcontainer/blob/master/PRINCIPLES.md#libco
>> ntainer-principles)

> That's a nice principle, but doesn't seem to hold in the IETF scale of things.

If you're talking about overall process I don't think that's true.
If you're talking about the time and effort it takes to standardize
something, alas, yes, and it seems likely to me that any name
redaction work in the future is likely to be as heavily contested
as it is now.  That does not mean, however, that it's not appropriate
to defer a name redaction specification into another, later
document for any number of reasons (including trying to get 6962-bis
out sooner rather than later and trying to avoid being an example
of process sludge).  I think the core question here is whether
publishing 6962-bis without it will make it difficult to specify
name redaction in the future.

Melinda


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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>, Jacob Hoffman-Andrews <jsha@eff.org>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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>  I think the core question here is whether
> publishing 6962-bis without it will make it difficult to specify name red=
action
> in the future.

If it's not in the initial core spec, it will not get picked up later by br=
owsers.  My view.


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Would it alleviate concerns if we commit to making an experimental RFC
describing redaction separately of 6962-bis available relatively at the
same time as 6962-bis?

I think Rob's proposal of separating it to a different document (and taking
it out of the core 6962-bis specification) is the most sensible:
- The redaction mechanism is pretty much independent from the operation of
precertificates.
- (AFAICT) the discomfort with the redaction is its experimental / unknown
nature, so it seems fitting to have it as an experimental RFC.

Given the text is already written, it should be straightforward to separate
it out.

Eran

On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 7:24 PM, Salz, Rich <rsalz@akamai.com> wrote:

>
> > A very good principle here is:
> >
> > "No" is temporary; "Yes" is forever. If you're not sure about a new
> feature,
> > say no. You can change your mind later.
> > (https://github.com/docker/libcontainer/blob/master/PRINCIPLES.md#libco
> > ntainer-principles)
>
> That's a nice principle, but doesn't seem to hold in the IETF scale of
> things.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
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--94eb2c05435c9dcb3d0535698b6c
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<div dir=3D"ltr">Would it alleviate concerns if we commit to making an expe=
rimental RFC describing redaction separately of 6962-bis available relative=
ly at the same time as 6962-bis?<div><br></div><div>I think Rob&#39;s propo=
sal of separating it to a different document (and taking it out of the core=
 6962-bis specification) is the most sensible:</div><div>- The redaction me=
chanism is pretty much independent from the operation of precertificates.</=
div><div>- (AFAICT) the discomfort with the redaction is its experimental /=
 unknown nature, so it seems fitting to have it as an experimental RFC.</di=
v><div><br></div><div>Given the text is already written, it should be strai=
ghtforward to separate it out.=C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>Eran<br><div =
class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 a=
t 7:24 PM, Salz, Rich <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rsalz@akamai.=
com" target=3D"_blank">rsalz@akamai.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquot=
e class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc sol=
id;padding-left:1ex"><br>
&gt; A very good principle here is:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &quot;No&quot; is temporary; &quot;Yes&quot; is forever. If you&#39;re=
 not sure about a new feature,<br>
&gt; say no. You can change your mind later.<br>
&gt; (<a href=3D"https://github.com/docker/libcontainer/blob/master/PRINCIP=
LES.md#libco" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">https://github.com/docke=
r/libcontainer/blob/master/PRINCIPLES.md#libco</a><br>
&gt; ntainer-principles)<br>
<br>
That&#39;s a nice principle, but doesn&#39;t seem to hold in the IETF scale=
 of things.<br>
<div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div class=3D"h5"><br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div></div></div>

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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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If we look at the mess that syntactically bad CA certs cause, it does 
suggest that Yes is forever ;-), and not just based on IETF standards.

Steve
>> A very good principle here is:
>>
>> "No" is temporary; "Yes" is forever. If you're not sure about a new feature,
>> say no. You can change your mind later.
>> (https://github.com/docker/libcontainer/blob/master/PRINCIPLES.md#libco
>> ntainer-principles)
> That's a nice principle, but doesn't seem to hold in the IETF scale of things.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
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> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
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My view as well. If it's not part of this bis, you're basically saying
goodbye to name redaction

-----Original Message-----
From: Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Salz, Rich
Sent: Thursday, June 16, 2016 12:38 PM
To: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>; Jacob Hoffman-Andrews
<jsha@eff.org>; trans@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?

>  I think the core question here is whether publishing 6962-bis without 
> it will make it difficult to specify name redaction in the future.

If it's not in the initial core spec, it will not get picked up later by
browsers.  My view.

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From nobody Thu Jun 16 17:54:49 2016
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To: trans@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 06:38:06PM +0000, Salz, Rich wrote:
> >  I think the core question here is whether
> > publishing 6962-bis without it will make it difficult to specify name redaction
> > in the future.
> 
> If it's not in the initial core spec, it will not get picked up later by browsers.  My view.

Even if it's in the initial core spec, browsers still won't necessarily pick
it up.  Especially if it's a scheme that's got some pretty serious concerns
against it.  Instead, if it gets split out into a separate spec, the current
6962-bis (sans redaction) can go forward, and the additional time needed to
get a broadly workable redaction mechanism standardised can be taken by
those who wish redaction to be existent.

- Matt

-- 
Yes, Java is so bulletproofed that to a C programmer it feels like being in
a straightjacket, but it's a really comfy and warm straightjacket, and the
world would be a safer place if everyone was straightjacketed most of the
time.		-- Mark 'Kamikaze' Hughes        


From nobody Thu Jun 16 18:48:45 2016
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Fri, Jun 17, 2016 at 12:51:23AM +0000, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
> My view as well. If it's not part of this bis, you're basically saying
> goodbye to name redaction

How so?  Has the IETF said they won't accept any further RFC submissions on
redaction (or CT in general) after the publishing of 6962-bis?

- Matt


From nobody Thu Jun 16 19:55:50 2016
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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--=-=-=
Content-Type: text/plain

On Thu 2016-06-16 21:48:31 -0400, Matt Palmer wrote:
> On Fri, Jun 17, 2016 at 12:51:23AM +0000, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
>> My view as well. If it's not part of this bis, you're basically saying
>> goodbye to name redaction
>
> How so?  Has the IETF said they won't accept any further RFC submissions on
> redaction (or CT in general) after the publishing of 6962-bis?

Specifying it is the easy part.  Figuring out a deployment story would
be the hard part, especially if there are browsers (or other CT clients)
in the deployed base who don't know how to deal with it.

 * Deploying only a new, redacted SCT means that the deployed base will
   think that your cert has not been logged.

 * Deploying a redacted SCT side-by-side with a non-redacted SCT (for
   the older deployed base) gives you no privacy benefit, because the
   non-redacted SCT is still public.

As a result, servers have no strong incentive to deploy redacted SCTs,
so they probably won't deploy them.  And because no servers deploy
redacted SCTs, no clients will have an incentive to support them.

:(

   --dkg

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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 10:55:39PM -0400, Daniel Kahn Gillmor wrote:
> On Thu 2016-06-16 21:48:31 -0400, Matt Palmer wrote:
> > On Fri, Jun 17, 2016 at 12:51:23AM +0000, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
> >> My view as well. If it's not part of this bis, you're basically saying
> >> goodbye to name redaction
> >
> > How so?  Has the IETF said they won't accept any further RFC submissions on
> > redaction (or CT in general) after the publishing of 6962-bis?
> 
> Specifying it is the easy part.  Figuring out a deployment story would
> be the hard part, especially if there are browsers (or other CT clients)
> in the deployed base who don't know how to deal with it.

That's the position we're in today, though, with 6962 not supporting
redaction, and the single widely-deployed CT client stating they won't be
recognising 6962-redacted SCTs as valid.  So, whether redaction is in 6962
or not, you're still going to have all the same deployment issues (which are
hardly unique to redaction; IPv6 anyone?) when redaction's kinks are worked
out.

- Matt


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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On 6/16/16 4:54 PM, Matt Palmer wrote:
> Even if it's in the initial core spec, browsers still won't necessarily pick
> it up.  Especially if it's a scheme that's got some pretty serious concerns
> against it.  Instead, if it gets split out into a separate spec, the current
> 6962-bis (sans redaction) can go forward, and the additional time needed to
> get a broadly workable redaction mechanism standardised can be taken by
> those who wish redaction to be existent.

Well, that's the concern (one of them).  Leaving aside, for the
moment, the discussion of whether or not it's a good idea, is
there anybody who can say with authority that this is a feature
they want for their own implementation (either in a server or
browser)?

Thanks,

Melinda


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Subject: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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--001a1141df546ffa61053577491a
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

This is a proposal for an alternative mechanism to redact domain names such
that would shift most of the implementation complexity from the client to
the issuer, while being functionally equivalent to the redaction mechanism
in the current draft.

In short: Rather than describe how the client should modify the labels in
SAN extension to get to the redacted form that was logged, the issuer will
generate the redacted SAN extension and log it, as a part of the
TBSCertificate submitted to the log.

Details:
- The issuer, when generating a TBSCertificate for submission to the log,
will add a "redacted SAN" X.509v3 extension with what the current draft
specifies should be in the SAN extension (i.e. dNSNames with redacted
labels, ?.example.com).
- The TBSCertificate to be submitted will *not* have a SAN extension
(thanks Rob for this suggestion).
- The log will issue an SCT that covers the submitted TBSCertificate (+
issuer key hash as currently described).
- The issuer then can issue the unredacted certificate by adding a SAN
extension with the unredacted names (and potentially embedding the obtained
SCTs).
- The client, when receiving the unredacted certificate, simply removes the
SAN extension (and the embedded SCTs extension, if present), then validates
the signature from the SCT over it.
- Then client can then extract the redacted domain names from the "redacted
SAN" extension, compare them to the unredacted domain names from the SAN
extension and apply a policy to determine if the redaction was appropriate.

Benefits:
- The only manipulation clients have to do to validate an SCT is to remove
another X.509 extension, which it already has to do for embedded SCTs
(eliminating both the error-prone process of reconstructing the redacted
labels and the need to re-assemble a TBSCertificate).
- Clients have both the redacted and unredacted domain names and can still
choose to apply any desired policy.

Disadvantages:
- The commonName in the subject field cannot be redacted this way.
- monitors will have to go through another hoop to make sense of the logged
entry (likely by assigning the value of the "redacted SAN" extension to the
SAN extension before using a standard parser to parse the TBSCertificate).

Assuming this mechanism is technically sound, I would not object to keeping
redaction in 6962-bis if implemented this way.

Eran

--001a1141df546ffa61053577491a
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">This is a proposal for an alternative mechanism to redact =
domain names such that would shift most of the implementation complexity fr=
om the client to the issuer, while being functionally equivalent to the red=
action mechanism in the current draft.<div><br></div><div>In short: Rather =
than describe how the client should modify the labels in SAN extension to g=
et to the redacted form that was logged, the issuer will generate the redac=
ted SAN extension and log it, as a part of the TBSCertificate submitted to =
the log.</div><div><br></div><div>Details:</div><div>- The issuer, when gen=
erating a TBSCertificate for submission to the log, will add a &quot;redact=
ed SAN&quot; X.509v3 extension with what the current draft specifies should=
 be in the SAN extension (i.e. dNSNames with redacted labels, ?.<a href=3D"=
http://example.com">example.com</a>).</div><div>- The TBSCertificate to be =
submitted will *not* have a SAN extension (thanks Rob for this suggestion).=
</div><div>- The log will issue an SCT that covers the submitted TBSCertifi=
cate (+ issuer key hash as currently described).</div><div>- The issuer the=
n can issue the unredacted certificate by adding a SAN extension with the u=
nredacted names (and potentially embedding the obtained SCTs).</div><div>- =
The client, when receiving the unredacted certificate, simply removes the S=
AN extension (and the embedded SCTs extension, if present), then validates =
the signature from the SCT over it.</div><div>- Then client can then extrac=
t the redacted domain names from the &quot;redacted SAN&quot; extension, co=
mpare them to the unredacted domain names from the SAN extension and apply =
a policy to determine if the redaction was appropriate.=C2=A0<br><div><br><=
/div><div>Benefits:</div><div>- The only manipulation clients have to do to=
 validate an SCT is to remove another X.509 extension, which it already has=
 to do for embedded SCTs (eliminating both the error-prone process of recon=
structing the redacted labels and the need to re-assemble a TBSCertificate)=
.</div><div>- Clients have both the redacted and unredacted domain names an=
d can still choose to apply any desired policy.</div><div><br></div><div>Di=
sadvantages:</div><div>- The commonName in the subject field cannot be reda=
cted this way.</div><div>- monitors will have to go through another hoop to=
 make sense of the logged entry (likely by assigning the value of the &quot=
;redacted SAN&quot; extension to the SAN extension before using a standard =
parser to parse the TBSCertificate).</div><div><br></div><div>Assuming this=
 mechanism is technically sound, I would not object to keeping redaction in=
 6962-bis if implemented this way.</div><div><br></div><div>Eran</div></div=
></div>

--001a1141df546ffa61053577491a--


From nobody Fri Jun 17 11:02:43 2016
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From: Sanjay Modi <Sanjay_Modi@symantec.com>
To: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Jun 2016 11:01:15 -0700
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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References: <5acc5097-4d72-59f7-76d0-8291055b1f28@gmail.com> <5762EE34.7020906@eff.org> <a8f6bb82ce32408aa5de23d2021778c3@usma1ex-dag1mb1.msg.corp.akamai.com> <4c0498b8-46ee-8d32-c10a-463f79be0df4@gmail.com> <81c255ba263e4f7f80315b8a6f92ef0e@usma1ex-dag1mb1.msg.corp.akamai.com> <20160617005440.GA7752@hezmatt.org> <7f217811-1188-aa98-bcef-9e42b40c1caf@gmail.com>
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Cc: Rick Andrews <Rick_Andrews@symantec.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Melinda,
We want to keep reaction feature. We have talked extensively with
customers who have validated the requirement for privacy. Since we rolled
out
redaction support several days ago, we have already had hundreds of
customers select this option for over 1500 certificates.


Thanks,
-Sanjay



On 6/16/16, 10:29 PM, "Melinda Shore" <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:

>On 6/16/16 4:54 PM, Matt Palmer wrote:
>> Even if it's in the initial core spec, browsers still won't necessarily
>>pick
>> it up.  Especially if it's a scheme that's got some pretty serious
>>concerns
>> against it.  Instead, if it gets split out into a separate spec, the
>>current
>> 6962-bis (sans redaction) can go forward, and the additional time
>>needed to
>> get a broadly workable redaction mechanism standardised can be taken by
>> those who wish redaction to be existent.
>
>Well, that's the concern (one of them).  Leaving aside, for the
>moment, the discussion of whether or not it's a good idea, is
>there anybody who can say with authority that this is a feature
>they want for their own implementation (either in a server or
>browser)?
>
>Thanks,
>
>Melinda
>
>_______________________________________________
>Trans mailing list
>Trans@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans


From nobody Fri Jun 17 12:41:20 2016
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Date: Fri, 17 Jun 2016 12:41:10 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
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Cc: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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Hi Eran,

I really like your proposal.  I like it so much that I've implemented
the client-side functionality to reconstruct the TBSCertificate and
do basic policy checks on the redacted labels.  It took me about 45
minutes and I found it very straightforward.  (Note I didn't implement
the over-redaction check, but this requires the same code no matter
how redaction is defined.) I didn't get bogged down like I did with
my other implementation.  I think this is a huge win for reducing
client-side complexity.

I would still like to see the SCT reuse attack fixed.  Fortunately,
combined with your proposal I think the complexity of fixing the attack
is manageable.  Here's what I propose (I've implemented the client-side
parts of this too):

1. When issuing a redacted certificate, the issuer generates a random
128-bit SALT.  The issuer places this SALT in a "Redacted Labels
Salt" X.509v3 extension in the unredacted certificate, but not in the
logged TBSCertificate.

2. When redacting a LABEL in the "redacted SAN" extension, the issuer
replaces LABEL with "?"||HEX(HASH(SALT||LABEL)) instead of just "?" (|| is
string concatenation).

3. When reconstructing the TBSCertificate to verify the SCT, the client
removes the "Redacted Labels Salt" extension, just as it currently
removes the SAN extension and the Transparency Info extension.

4. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each
redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the corresponding
label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH(SALT||LABEL), where SALT
is taken from the "Redacted Labels Salt" extension.

Complexity analysis:

1. There is additional complexity imposed on issuers, but only on
issuers who choose to offer redacted certificates, so I believe this is
justifiable.

2. Clients need to remove an additional extension when reconstructing
the TBSCertificate, but this is trivial and they already have to remove
two other extensions anyways.

3. Clients which desire stronger SCT matching have to examine the
"Redacted Labels Salt" extension and compute some hashes, which adds
modest complexity.  However, if a client doesn't desire the stronger SCT
matching or can't handle the added complexity for some reason, they can
skip this step (they'd ignore everything after the ? in a redacted
label) and have exactly the same complexity and security properties as
without my proposal.

If I'm not mistaken, your proposal plus my proposal address all the
technical/implementation concerns that have been raised with
redaction.  There will still be policy concerns, such as whether
redaction is even a good idea, but those can be fleshed out by
clients.  I think 6962-bis would be delivering a solid technical
solution for redaction with these changes.

Regards,
Andrew

P.S. My implementation is here: https://github.com/AGWA-labs/ctredactionexperiment

The diff to implement Eran's proposal on top of the RFC6962-compliant
code I already had:
https://github.com/AGWA-labs/ctredactionexperiment/commit/fbeaa9f3d91ebfd1eb614a657009222b25f37724

The diff to implement my proposal for hash-based label redaction on top
of Eran's proposal:
https://github.com/AGWA-labs/ctredactionexperiment/commit/d46cfee8eb4374e87c601317f6faa98c4f2e189e


From nobody Fri Jun 17 14:33:35 2016
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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On Fri 2016-06-17 07:02:12 -0400, Eran Messeri wrote:
> In short: Rather than describe how the client should modify the labels in
> SAN extension to get to the redacted form that was logged, the issuer will
> generate the redacted SAN extension and log it, as a part of the
> TBSCertificate submitted to the log.

I like this proposal.

A clarification:

It took me a second to realize that the "redacted SAN extension" is
*also* present in the issued certificate, alongside the normal SAN
extension.  the SCT is only over the TBSCertificate without the normal
SAN extension.

> Disadvantages:
> - The commonName in the subject field cannot be redacted this way.

This is not a problem.  the CA/Browser Forum Baseline requirements say
that the commonName in the Subject field is "Deprecated (Discouraged,
but not prohibited)"

A user who really cares about redaction can simply leave out the
commonName in the Subject field.

I also think Andrew Ayer's extension of this proposal (the "Redacted
Labels Salt" extension) is an elegant fix to the remaining technical
concern about redacted SCT abuse.

I would support their inclusion in 6962-bis.

           --dkg


From nobody Fri Jun 17 15:28:43 2016
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To: Sanjay Modi <Sanjay_Modi@symantec.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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On 6/17/16 10:01 AM, Sanjay Modi wrote:
> Melinda, We want to keep reaction feature. We have talked extensively
> with customers who have validated the requirement for privacy. Since
> we rolled out redaction support several days ago, we have already had
> hundreds of customers select this option for over 1500 certificates.

Okay, that's really good information to have.  By way of
follow-up, have you read Eran's proposal for an alternative
mechanism, and is that something that Symantec would be
interested in (acknowledging that you would not be speaking
for the entire company)?

Melinda


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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I think Eran's proposal is a definite improvement (compared to the 
current 6962-bis redaction mechanism), because it makes client 
implementation simpler and more robust.

I agree that Andrew's extension of Eran's proposal is an elegant fix to 
the SCT re-use attack.  However, I'd like to propose an alternative...


1. When redacting a LABEL in the "redacted SAN" extension, the issuer 
replaces LABEL with "?"||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) instead of just 
"?".

2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each 
redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the corresponding 
label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), 
where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of the certificate.


Advantages:
   - Slightly simpler than Andrew's proposal.  (i.e. no SALT needs to be 
generated, put into a certificate extension, then removed to reconstruct 
the TBSCertificate).
   - Provides a (partial) technical solution to 'un'redaction (which is 
something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support 
redaction [1]): If a domain owner's certificate team observes an 
unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL) 
for all of the LABELs they manage.

Disadvantages:
   - A dictionary attack might reveal the LABEL.  It wouldn't be 
possible to compute a rainbow table to generalize this attack, because 
the SERIAL_NUMBER is different for each certificate.


If there's an effective way to solve the 'un'redaction problem purely 
via policy, then I'd say Andrew's proposal is superior.  However, if 
there isn't, then perhaps my proposal is a necessary compromise.


[1] 
https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/d/msg/ct-policy/vsTzv8oNcws/imuC3iloBwAJ

On 17/06/16 22:33, Daniel Kahn Gillmor wrote:
> On Fri 2016-06-17 07:02:12 -0400, Eran Messeri wrote:
>> In short: Rather than describe how the client should modify the labels in
>> SAN extension to get to the redacted form that was logged, the issuer will
>> generate the redacted SAN extension and log it, as a part of the
>> TBSCertificate submitted to the log.
>
> I like this proposal.
>
> A clarification:
>
> It took me a second to realize that the "redacted SAN extension" is
> *also* present in the issued certificate, alongside the normal SAN
> extension.  the SCT is only over the TBSCertificate without the normal
> SAN extension.
>
>> Disadvantages:
>> - The commonName in the subject field cannot be redacted this way.
>
> This is not a problem.  the CA/Browser Forum Baseline requirements say
> that the commonName in the Subject field is "Deprecated (Discouraged,
> but not prohibited)"
>
> A user who really cares about redaction can simply leave out the
> commonName in the Subject field.
>
> I also think Andrew Ayer's extension of this proposal (the "Redacted
> Labels Salt" extension) is an elegant fix to the remaining technical
> concern about redacted SCT abuse.
>
> I would support their inclusion in 6962-bis.
>
>            --dkg
>

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online
Office Tel: +44.(0)1274.730505
Office Fax: +44.(0)1274.730909
www.comodo.com

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From: Sanjay Modi <Sanjay_Modi@symantec.com>
To: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Date: Mon, 20 Jun 2016 17:08:02 -0700
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Name redaction - stay or go?
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Melinda,
We are reviewing Eran's proposal and and followup posts on that. We are
also looking into how to address redacted CN. I will post follow up
shortly.

- Sanjay

On 6/17/16, 3:28 PM, "Melinda Shore" <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:

>On 6/17/16 10:01 AM, Sanjay Modi wrote:
>> Melinda, We want to keep reaction feature. We have talked extensively
>> with customers who have validated the requirement for privacy. Since
>> we rolled out redaction support several days ago, we have already had
>> hundreds of customers select this option for over 1500 certificates.
>
>Okay, that's really good information to have.  By way of
>follow-up, have you read Eran's proposal for an alternative
>mechanism, and is that something that Symantec would be
>interested in (acknowledging that you would not be speaking
>for the entire company)?
>
>Melinda


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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Hi Rob,

On Mon, 20 Jun 2016 14:39:00 +0100
Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:

> 1. When redacting a LABEL in the "redacted SAN" extension, the issuer 
> replaces LABEL with "?"||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) instead of
> just "?".
> 
> 2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each 
> redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the
> corresponding label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH
> (SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of
> the certificate.

I'm a little uneasy about using the serial number, because of
the ways that serial numbers can be, and are, incorrectly encoded (e.g.
not minimally encoded, or a "positive" integer with the MSB set).  I
think it's simpler and more robust for the client to take the salt out
of an extension, so it can be treated as an opaque blob and therefore
be unaffected by the vagaries of parsers.

> - Provides a (partial) technical solution to 'un'redaction (which is 
> something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support 
> redaction [1]): If a domain owner's certificate team observes an 
> unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||
> LABEL) for all of the LABELs they manage.

Another way to support "un-redaction" is to just leave the salt
extension in the pre-certificate instead of removing it.  I'd prefer
that approach if this style of un-redaction is desired.

Regards,
Andrew


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Starting working group last call, draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis
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Addressed some comments, I've left some un-addressed as I'd like to hear
more feedback about them from the WG.
The changes are here:
https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/174

On Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 6:47 PM, Stephen Kent <kent@bbn.com> wrote:

> Here are my comments on 6962-bis:
>
> Section 1.
>
>
>
> Still no definition of mis-issuance here. Why not use the text I supplied
> months ago, and cite the threat analysis document?
>
>
>
> There ought to be a mention  of the residual vulnerabilities that arise
> when using  name-redacted pre-certificates or wildcard certificates, in
> light of the recent discussions. Specifically, the problems Monitors face
> in trying to protect a Subject when the Subject=E2=80=99s name is encompa=
ssed by
> SCTs associated with these certificates.
>
>
>
> I thought the WG agreed, long ago, to not mandate behavior for TLS client=
s
> with regard to the presence or absence of SCTs. Yet this section says
>
>    =E2=80=9CTLS clients can thus require that all certificates they accep=
t as
> valid are accompanied by signed timestamps.=E2=80=9D
>
>
>
> which seems to be pretty close to that.
>
>
>
>
>
> Section 3
>
>
>
> The term =E2=80=9Cpreannounce=E2=80=9D seems odd. =E2=80=9CPre-register=
=E2=80=9D might make more sense,
> given that the action of submission to a log is a form of registration.
> Online dictionaries that I queried gave definitions for preannounce that
> didn=E2=80=99t seem to be a great match to this activity.
>
Changed.

>
>
> Saying that the submission of a pre-certificate  signifies a binding
> intent to issue the certificate is slightly misleading. A CA might not wi=
nd
> up issuing the associated certificate, for a variety of reasons. I think =
it
> would be better to just drop the word =E2=80=9Cbinding=E2=80=9D here.
>
Would it help to say that for all intents and purposes an observer of a CT
log can assume a CA has intended to issue a certificate denoted by a
precertificate observed in the log?

>
>
> Section 4
>
>
>
> Suggested re-wording:
>
>
>
> We define a mechanism to allow these private labels to not appear in
> public logs, *while still retaining the security benefits that accrue
> from using certificate transparency mechanisms.*
>
>
>
> In Section 4.1 wording is used to motivate the need for name-redacted
> pre-certificates. It does not say, explicitly, that wildcard certificates
> can be logged and used in the CT context. It also should note the possibl=
e
> problems they represent for Monitors.
>
I believe the first sentence does. At least, I can't see any dis-ambiguity
here.

>
>
> Given the recent debate about name-redaction, I=E2=80=99m not convinced t=
hat the
> description in 4.2.2 provides sufficient detail for Monitors and TLS
> clients to know precisely how to compare an SCT for a name-redacted
> pre-certificate to a certificate.
>
That's likely to change with the simplified redaction suggestion.

>
>
> RFC 5280 states that name constraints is a critical extension, so the tex=
t
> in 4.3 conflicts with that RFC.
>
Seeking feedback here - one possible option is to remove the 'critical or
non-critical' part of the sentence.

>
>
> Section 5
>
>
>
> The text still says
>
>
>
> Log operators MUST NOT impose any conditions on retrieving or sharing dat=
a
> from the log.
>
>
>
> I asked if Rich=E2=80=99s on-list statement about how Akamai planned to o=
perate a
> log was consistent with this mandate, but never received a response.
>
IIRC the plan was to restrict submission, that text is about getting data
from logs.

>
>
> Section 5.1 should include a statement that the list of trust anchors
> accepted by a log is part of the log=E2=80=99s metadata.
>
What is the goal behind such a statement? I'm failing to see what it would
add to the reader (it's already mentioned that the list can be obtained by
calling get-anchors).

>
>
> Section 5.3 allows a log to create it=E2=80=99s own OID, instead of using=
 one of
> the log ID registries. This seems to allow for collisions, and is not
> consistent with the general IETF rationale for creating registries.
>
How about the following text as the first sentence:
Each log is identified by an OID which MUST be unique.

>
>
> The description for log shutdown is much improved from prior version that
> I read. However, there are a couple of requirements here that don=E2=80=
=99t have an
> associated explanation of how they can be achieved.
>
>
>
> Make it known to clients and monitors that the log will be frozen
>
>
>
> Keep the log running until the certificates in all of its entries have
> expired or exist in other logs (this can be determined by scanning other
> logs or connecting to domains mentioned in the certificates and inspectin=
g
> the SCTs served).
>
You're right - they depend on the metadata dissemination mechanism, which
isn't currently specified.

>
>
>
>
> Section 8
>
>
>
> The opening sentence is 5 lines long, which makes it a bit hard to read.
> But, overall, this section is much improved over previous versions.
>
>
>
> The description the benefits and disadvantages of the certificate extensi=
on
> to carry an SCT mentions inclusion proofs. This may be confusing to
> readers, since the extension does not contain an inclusion  proof.
>
Inclusion proofs can be included in the extension since an inclusion proof
is a particular type of TransItem and the extension carries a list of
TransItems.
It is not immediately obvious, though, so if you point to a particular area
of the text where this can be clarified I'll try to add some text.

> It would be better to say that use of this method to deliver an SCT
> requires that a TLS client use a different mechanism to acquire an
> inclusion proof (and STH).
>
>
>
> In Section 8.1 the discussion of collusion between a CA and a log ought t=
o
> cite the relevant section(s) of the threat analysis.
>
>
>
>
>
> Section 9
>
>
>
> The transparency information extension MUST be non-critical, for backward
> compatibility with TLS clients that are nopt CT-aware.
>
Done.

>
>
> Note that an OCSP responder may be separate from a CA; the wording in
> 9.1.1 needs to be revised to reflect that.
>
Can you suggest text? It'll help understanding in which way the separation
between CA and OCSP responder is important in the CT context.

>
>
> What does 9.2 means when it says
>
>
>
> When a certificate chain includes such a certificate, this indicates that
> CT compliance is required.
>
>
>
> Required by what?
>
By the TLS feature extension. Andrew Ayer has suggested text to clarify it
which is under review (
https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/173).

>
>
>
>
> Section 10
>
>
>
> The opening sentence is not very useful for a standards track document. I=
t
> suggests CT lacks a well-defined architecture.
>
>
>
> The metadata list in 10.1 seems to omit the set of trust anchors accepted
> by the log.
>
>
>
> In 10.2.4 the text says =E2=80=9C=E2=80=A6The client then has to verify =
=E2=80=A6=E2=80=9D Did you mean to
> say =E2=80=9CMUST=E2=80=9D here?
>
Seems to me it follows from the protocol - if the client doesn't do it,
then it has no guarantee of inclusion (same as if it didn't check the
inclusion proof at all).

>
>
> The language in 10.2.5 about compliance isn=E2=80=99t very useful, when s=
eparated
> from the text in 10.2.7. Why have these as two separate subsections?
>
How do you suggest merging the two?

>
>
> The wording in 10.2.7 seems intended to skirt the prior agreement to not
> mandate client behavior in the event of a  missing SCT. Also, the wording
> is sloppy. For example, the text says
>
>
>
> In the case that use of TLS with a *valid* certificate is mandated ...
>
>
>
> Certificate *validity* is defined by 5280 and profiles thereof. Do you
> mean to say a *CT-compliant certificate* here? The same comment applies
> to the next bullet which describes what to do if use of a =E2=80=9Cvalid
> certificate=E2=80=9D is optional. Also, what does it mean for a TLS clien=
t to =E2=80=9Cnot
> treat the certificate as valid?=E2=80=9D
>
I agree - wording was somewhat vague here, so I re-wrote this section. see
the pull request for the change.

>
>
> The definition of a Monitor still seems to be wrong, and the recent debat=
e
> about name-redacted certificates gives further evidence of that. I think
> most folks believe the primary function of a Monitor is to observe logs t=
o
> detect when a certificate is logged that is not consistent with the
> Monitor=E2=80=99s information about the Subject of the logged certificate=
. The
> definition  of a Monitor provided here makes this function optional. It
> attributes to a Monitor a function that is, I believe, a function of
> Auditing.
>
>
>
> The text here is not very precise in describing Monitor behavior re
> looking for log entries that conflict with certificates the Monitor is
> trying to protect. I suggest using text from
> draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt. For example:
>
>
>
> A Monitor observes a set of logs to detect certificate mis-issuance. A
> Monitor notifies a Subject [CA-Subject] when a bogus (or  erroneous)
> certificate [draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis] has been issued on behalf =
of
> that Subject. Every CT-aware Subject is expected to either perform
> self-Monitoring or to arrange with a third-party Monitor to detect
> mis-issued certificates on behalf of the Subject.
>
>
>
> Similarly, the description of how a Monitor does its job seems to omit
> what I believe is its critical function. Again, the cited I-D above provi=
de
> a concise description in its introduction:
>
>
>
> A Monitor performs its function by examining all entries from a set of
> logs and comparing these entries to reference data for a set of one or mo=
re
> Subjects. The reference data consists, at a minimum, of a list of Subject
> and Subject Alternative Names and the pubic key information associated wi=
th
> each, supplied by the Subject. If a Monitor detects a log entry for a
> certificate that is inconsistent with the reference data for a Subject, t=
he
> Monitor notifies the Subject. A Subject may perform self-monitoring.
>
>
>
> Overall, this section seems inadequate as a description of Monitor
> functionality.
>
The detailed description of monitors' operation in the threat analysis
document is very suitable and for this reason would like to keep the
section about monitors very brief.

>
>
> Section 10.4 describes audit functions reasonably well, but presents a
> view that there is no separate Auditor function in CT. That conflicts wit=
h
> the design in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-02, and with draft-kent-trans-monit=
or-auditor-01.
> I suggest that the first paragraph of this subsection be reworded to
> characterize the Audit function as one that may be performed by a client,
> Monitor, or by a separate entity. This subsection also ends with a
> statement not appropriate for a standard track document, as I have noted
> before:
>
>
>
> The following algorithm outlines may be useful for clients that wish to
> perform various audit operations.
>
>
>
> The statement above should be revised to *require* that an element
> performing the Audit function MUST perform all of these checks in a fashi=
on
> that produces results identical to those that the algorithms would yield.
> If the document doesn=E2=80=99t establish these algorithms as authoritati=
ve it is
> not defining what the Audit function is, and the text is not a very usefu=
l
> part of a standards track document.
>
I agree that an element performing auditing must perform these checks in a
fashion that produces results identical to those that the algorithms would
yield.
I'm not sure how effective it would be to require it in the document though
- if the algorithm is wrong it would produce incorrect results, no
meaningful audit has been performed.

>
>
> Section 11
>
>
>
> The last sentence here probably ought to be:
>
>
>
> Certificates in the frozen log that have not yet expired and require new
> SCTs *SHOULD* be submitted to the new log and the SCTs from that log used
> instead.
>
Changed.

>
>
>
>
> Section 13
>
>
>
> The introduction text here is good, but it should be augmented with a
> discussion of the problems for Monitors posed by wildcard and name-redact=
ed
> certificates (if the latter feature is retained). A reference to the thre=
at
> document also would be appropriate here, rather than as a separate, trivi=
al
> subsection (13.7). I suggest deleting that subsection.
>
IIUC you suggest moving the reference to the threat analysis document from
13.7 to the introduction in 13. I've made that change.
Re wildcard and name redaction, wouldn't a discussion on the threats posed
by those be more appropriate in the threat analysis document? The
introduction text is very general and it does not seem appropriate to me to
discuss wildcards/redacted names here.


>
>
> 13.1 says that a TLS client *may* (lowercase) decide to reject a
> certificate w/o an SCT. This language is rather squishy compared to the
> strict language in 9.2.
>
Removed that sentence.

>
>
> 13.2 should refer to Monitors (10.3) as the entities that detect
> mis-issuance. Monitors might be domain owners, as suggested, or CAs, or
> third parties, but the text here mentions only the 1st example.
>
I've tried fitting that in and it felt like fitting a square peg in a round
hole. There's already a section about monitors and it should be
straightforward to figure out how to watch a log for certificates of
interest.

>
>
> 13.3 notes an important consideration, and its advice to CAs is good.
> Saying that clients may make a decision to reject such certificates
> underlines the potential for interoperability problems. I guess that=E2=
=80=99s OK
> for a statement in an SC section, but it seems a bit vague.
>
Acknowledged.

>
>
> I note that 13.4 refers to a trusted Auditor, which conflicts with the
> characterization of Auditing in Section 10. Making the chnges I suggest t=
o
> section would address this issue.
>
How does it conflict? I agree it's a bit terse to say a client can hand
over observed SCTs to a trusted auditor, but I don't see the conflict.

>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Addressed some comments, I&#39;ve left some un-addressed a=
s I&#39;d like to hear more feedback about them from the WG.<div>The change=
s are here:=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://github.com/google/certificate-transpare=
ncy-rfcs/pull/174">https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/=
pull/174</a><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">O=
n Thu, Jun 16, 2016 at 6:47 PM, Stephen Kent <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:kent@bbn.com">kent@bbn.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote =
class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1=
px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:=
1ex">
 =20
   =20
 =20
  <div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF">
    <p>Here are my comments on 6962-bis:<br>
    </p>
   =20
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 1. <u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Still =
no
        definition of
        mis-issuance here. Why not use the text I supplied months ago,
        and cite the
        threat analysis document?<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">There =
ought
        to be a
        mention<span>=C2=A0 </span>of the residual
        vulnerabilities
        that arise when using<span>=C2=A0 </span>name-redacted
        pre-certificates
        or wildcard certificates, in light of the recent discussions.
        Specifically, the
        problems Monitors face in trying to protect a Subject when the
        Subject=E2=80=99s name
        is encompassed by SCTs associated with these certificates.<u></u><u=
></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">I thou=
ght the
        WG agreed,
        long ago, to not mandate behavior for TLS clients with regard to
        the presence
        or absence of SCTs. Yet this section says <u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><span>=
=C2=A0=C2=A0 </span>=E2=80=9CTLS clients can thus
        require that all
        certificates they accept as<u></u><u></u></span><span style=3D"font=
-family:courier"> valid are accompanied by
        signed timestamps.=E2=80=9D<u></u><u></u></span>
    </p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">which =
seems
        to be pretty
        close to that.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 3<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The te=
rm
        =E2=80=9Cpreannounce=E2=80=9D
        seems odd. =E2=80=9CPre-register=E2=80=9D might make more sense, gi=
ven that the
        action of
        submission to a log is a form of registration. Online
        dictionaries that I
        queried gave definitions for preannounce that didn=E2=80=99t seem t=
o be
        a great match
        to this activity.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>Changed.=C2=A0<=
/div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;bo=
rder-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,2=
04);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"=
><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Saying=
 that
        the submission
        of a pre-certificate<span>=C2=A0 </span>signifies
        a binding
        intent to issue the certificate is slightly misleading. A CA
        might not wind up
        issuing the associated certificate, for a variety of reasons. I
        think it would
        be better to just drop the word =E2=80=9Cbinding=E2=80=9D here.</sp=
an></p></div></blockquote><div>Would it help to say that for all intents an=
d purposes an observer of a CT log can assume a CA has intended to issue a =
certificate denoted by a precertificate observed in the log?</div><blockquo=
te class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-widt=
h:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-le=
ft:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=
=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 4<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sugges=
ted
        re-wording:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">We
        define a mechanism to allow these private labels to not appear
        in public logs, <b>while
          still retaining the security benefits
          that accrue from using certificate transparency mechanisms.</b><u=
></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">In Sec=
tion
        4.1 wording is
        used to motivate the need for name-redacted pre-certificates. It
        does not say,
        explicitly, that wildcard certificates can be logged and used in
        the CT
        context. It also should note the possible problems they
        represent for Monitors.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>I believe=
 the first sentence does. At least, I can&#39;t see any dis-ambiguity here.=
=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0=
.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(20=
4,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-Mso=
Normal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Given =
the
        recent debate
        about name-redaction, I=E2=80=99m not convinced that the descriptio=
n in
        4.2.2 provides
        sufficient detail for Monitors and TLS clients to know precisely
        how to compare
        an SCT for a name-redacted pre-certificate to a certificate.</span>=
</p></div></blockquote><div>That&#39;s likely to change with the simplified=
 redaction suggestion.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;=
border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFF=
F"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u>=
<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">RFC 52=
80
        states that name
        constraints is a critical extension, so the text in 4.3
        conflicts with that
        RFC.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>Seeking feedback here - one =
possible option is to remove the &#39;critical or non-critical&#39; part of=
 the sentence.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-colo=
r:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"g=
mail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></=
p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 5<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The te=
xt
        still says<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">Log
        operators MUST NOT impose any conditions on retrieving or
        sharing data from the
        log.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">I aske=
d if
        Rich=E2=80=99s on-list
        statement about how Akamai planned to operate a log was
        consistent with this
        mandate, but never received a response.</span></p></div></blockquot=
e><div>IIRC the plan was to restrict submission, that text is about getting=
 data from logs.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"marg=
in:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-l=
eft-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p cl=
ass=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u><=
/span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 5.1
        should include
        a statement that the list of trust anchors accepted by a log is
        part of the
        log=E2=80=99s metadata.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>What is t=
he goal behind such a statement? I&#39;m failing to see what it would add t=
o the reader (it&#39;s already mentioned that the list can be obtained by c=
alling get-anchors).=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"=
margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;bord=
er-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><=
p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u><=
/u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 5.3
        allows a log
        to create it=E2=80=99s own OID, instead of using one of the log ID
        registries. This
        seems to allow for collisions, and is not consistent with the
        general IETF
        rationale for creating registries.</span></p></div></blockquote><di=
v>How about the following text as the first sentence:</div><div>Each log is=
 identified by an OID which MUST be unique.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D=
"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;borde=
r-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><di=
v bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-fami=
ly:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The
        description for log
        shutdown is much improved from prior version that I read.
        However, there are a
        couple of requirements here that don=E2=80=99t have an associated
        explanation of how
        they can be achieved. <u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">Make
        it known to clients and monitors that the log will be frozen<u></u>=
<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">Keep
        the log running until the certificates in all of its entries
        have expired or
        exist in other logs (this can be determined by scanning other
        logs or
        connecting to domains mentioned in the certificates and
        inspecting the SCTs
        served).</span></p></div></blockquote><div>You&#39;re right - they =
depend on the metadata dissemination mechanism, which isn&#39;t currently s=
pecified.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px =
0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-col=
or:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"=
gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D"font-family:cou=
rier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 8<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The op=
ening
        sentence is 5
        lines long, which makes it a bit hard to read. But, overall,
        this section is
        much improved over previous versions.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The
        description the
        benefits and disadvantages of the certificate extension<span>=C2=A0=
 </span>to carry an SCT mentions
        inclusion proofs.
        This may be confusing to readers, since the extension does not
        contain an
        inclusion<span>=C2=A0 </span>proof.</span></p></div></blockquote><d=
iv>Inclusion proofs can be included in the extension since an inclusion pro=
of is a particular type of TransItem and the extension carries a list of Tr=
ansItems.</div><div>It is not immediately obvious, though, so if you point =
to a particular area of the text where this can be clarified I&#39;ll try t=
o add some text.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"marg=
in:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-l=
eft-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p cl=
ass=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"> It
        would be better to
        say that use of this method to deliver an SCT requires that a
        TLS client use a
        different mechanism to acquire an inclusion proof (and STH).<u></u>=
<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">In Sec=
tion
        8.1 the
        discussion of collusion between a CA and a log ought to cite the
        relevant
        section(s) of the threat analysis.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 9<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The
        transparency
        information extension MUST be non-critical, for backward
        compatibility with TLS
        clients that are nopt CT-aware.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>D=
one.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0=
px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rg=
b(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail=
-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Note t=
hat an
        OCSP
        responder may be separate from a CA; the wording in 9.1.1 needs
        to be revised
        to reflect that.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>Can you suggest =
text? It&#39;ll help understanding in which way the separation between CA a=
nd OCSP responder is important in the CT context.=C2=A0</div><blockquote cl=
ass=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px=
;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1e=
x"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"fon=
t-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">What d=
oes 9.2
        means when
        it says<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">When
        a certificate chain includes such a certificate, this indicates
        that CT
        compliance is required.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Requir=
ed by
        what?</span></p></div></blockquote><div>By the TLS feature extensio=
n. Andrew Ayer has suggested text to clarify it which is under review (<a h=
ref=3D"https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/173">ht=
tps://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/173</a>).=C2=A0<=
/div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;bo=
rder-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,2=
04);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"=
><span style=3D"font-family:courier"> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 10<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The op=
ening
        sentence is
        not very useful for a standards track document. It suggests CT
        lacks a
        well-defined architecture.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The me=
tadata
        list in 10.1
        seems to omit the set of trust anchors accepted by the log.<u></u><=
u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">In 10.=
2.4 the
        text says =E2=80=9C=E2=80=A6The
        client then has to verify =E2=80=A6=E2=80=9D Did you mean to say =
=E2=80=9CMUST=E2=80=9D here?</span></p></div></blockquote><div>Seems to me =
it follows from the protocol - if the client doesn&#39;t do it, then it has=
 no guarantee of inclusion (same as if it didn&#39;t check the inclusion pr=
oof at all).=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0=
px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-=
color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=
=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"> <u></u><u></u></s=
pan></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The la=
nguage
        in 10.2.5
        about compliance isn=E2=80=99t very useful, when separated from the=
 text
        in 10.2.7. Why
        have these as two separate subsections?</span></p></div></blockquot=
e><div>How do you suggest merging the two?=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"=
gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border=
-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div=
 bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-famil=
y:courier"> <u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The wo=
rding
        in 10.2.7
        seems intended to skirt the prior agreement to not mandate
        client behavior in
        the event of a<span>=C2=A0 </span>missing
        SCT. Also, the
        wording is sloppy. For example, the text says<u></u><u></u></span><=
/p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><span>=
=C2=A0</span><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">In
        the case that use of TLS with a <u>valid</u> certificate is
        mandated ...<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Certif=
icate <u>validity</u>
        is defined by 5280 and profiles thereof. Do you mean to say a <u>CT=
-compliant
          certificate</u> here? The same comment applies to the next
        bullet which
        describes what to do if use of a =E2=80=9Cvalid certificate=E2=80=
=9D is
        optional. Also, what
        does it mean for a TLS client to =E2=80=9Cnot treat the certificate=
 as
        valid?=E2=80=9D</span></p></div></blockquote><div>I agree - wording=
 was somewhat vague here, so I re-wrote this section. see the pull request =
for the change.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px =
0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-col=
or:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"=
gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"> <u></u><u></u></span>=
</p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The
        definition of a
        Monitor still seems to be wrong, and the recent debate about
        name-redacted
        certificates gives further evidence of that. I think most folks
        believe the
        primary function of a Monitor is to observe logs to detect when
        a certificate
        is logged that is not consistent with the Monitor=E2=80=99s informa=
tion
        about the
        Subject of the logged certificate. The definition<span>=C2=A0 </spa=
n>of a Monitor provided here
        makes this
        function optional. It attributes to a Monitor a function that
        is, I believe, a
        function of Auditing. <u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The te=
xt here
        is not very
        precise in describing Monitor behavior re looking for log
        entries that conflict
        with certificates the Monitor is trying to protect. I suggest
        using text from draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt.
        For example:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">A Monitor observes a set
        of logs to
        detect certificate mis-issuance. A Monitor notifies a Subject
        [CA-Subject] when
        a bogus (or<span>=C2=A0 </span>erroneous)
        certificate
        [draft-ietf-trans-threat-analysis] has been issued on behalf of
        that Subject.
        Every CT-aware Subject is expected to either perform
        self-Monitoring or to
        arrange with a third-party Monitor to detect mis-issued
        certificates on behalf
        of the Subject.</span><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u=
></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Simila=
rly,
        the description
        of how a Monitor does its job seems to omit what I believe is
        its critical
        function. Again, the cited I-D above provide a concise
        description in its introduction:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">A Monitor performs its
        function by
        examining all entries from a set of logs and comparing these
        entries to
        reference data for a set of one or more Subjects. The reference
        data consists,
        at a minimum, of a list of Subject and Subject Alternative Names
        and the pubic
        key information associated with each, supplied by the Subject.
        If a Monitor
        detects a log entry for a certificate that is inconsistent with
        the reference
        data for a Subject, the Monitor notifies the Subject. A Subject
        may perform self-monitoring.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier"><u></u>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Overal=
l, this section seems
        inadequate as a
        description of Monitor functionality.</span></p></div></blockquote>=
<div>The detailed description of monitors&#39; operation in the threat anal=
ysis document is very suitable and for this reason would like to keep the s=
ection about monitors very brief.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" st=
yle=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:sol=
id;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FF=
FFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u><=
/u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 10.4 describes audit
        functions reasonably
        well, but presents a view that there is no separate Auditor
        function in CT.
        That conflicts with the design in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-02,
        and with </span><span style=3D"font-family:courier">draft-kent-tran=
s-monitor-auditor-01.
        I suggest that
        the first paragraph of this subsection be reworded to
        characterize the Audit
        function as one that may be performed by a client, Monitor, or
        by a separate
        entity. This subsection also ends with a statement not
        appropriate for a
        standard track document, as I have noted before:<u></u><u></u></spa=
n></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">The
        following
        algorithm outlines may be useful for clients that wish to
        perform various audit
        operations.<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The
        statement above should
        be revised to <u>require</u> that an element performing the
        Audit function MUST
        perform all of these checks in a fashion that produces results
        identical to
        those that the algorithms would yield. If the document doesn=E2=80=
=99t
        establish these
        algorithms as authoritative it is not defining what the Audit
        function is, and
        the text is not a very useful part of a standards track
        document.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>I agree that an element=
 performing auditing must perform these checks in a fashion that produces r=
esults identical to those that the algorithms would yield.=C2=A0</div><div>=
I&#39;m not sure how effective it would be to require it in the document th=
ough - if the algorithm is wrong it would produce incorrect results, no mea=
ningful audit has been performed.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" st=
yle=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:sol=
id;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FF=
FFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u><=
/u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 11<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The la=
st
        sentence here
        probably ought to be:<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D=
"font-family:courier">Certificates
        in the
        frozen log that have not yet expired and require new SCTs <u>SHOULD=
</u>
        be
        submitted to the new log and the SCTs from that log used
        instead.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>Changed.=C2=A0</div><blo=
ckquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left=
-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);paddi=
ng-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal" style=3D=
"margin-left:0.5in"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></spa=
n></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">Sectio=
n 13<u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">The
        introduction text
        here is good, but it should be augmented with a discussion of
        the problems for
        Monitors posed by wildcard and name-redacted certificates (if
        the latter feature is
        retained). A reference to the threat document also would be
        appropriate here,
        rather than as a separate, trivial subsection (13.7). I suggest
        deleting that
        subsection.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>IIUC you suggest movi=
ng the reference to the threat analysis document from 13.7 to the introduct=
ion in 13. I&#39;ve made that change.</div><div>Re wildcard and name redact=
ion, wouldn&#39;t a discussion on the threats posed by those be more approp=
riate in the threat analysis document? The introduction text is very genera=
l and it does not seem appropriate to me to discuss wildcards/redacted name=
s here.</div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"ma=
rgin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border=
-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p =
class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"> <u></u><u></=
u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">13.1 s=
ays
        that a TLS
        client <u>may</u> (lowercase) decide to reject a certificate
        w/o an SCT. This language
        is rather squishy compared to the strict language in 9.2.</span></p=
></div></blockquote><div>Removed that sentence.=C2=A0</div><blockquote clas=
s=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;b=
order-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"=
><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-=
family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">13.2 s=
hould
        refer to
        Monitors (10.3) as the entities that detect mis-issuance.
        Monitors might be
        domain owners, as suggested, or CAs, or third parties, but the
        text here
        mentions only the 1<sup>st</sup> example.</span></p></div></blockqu=
ote><div>I&#39;ve tried fitting that in and it felt like fitting a square p=
eg in a round hole. There&#39;s already a section about monitors and it sho=
uld be straightforward to figure out how to watch a log for certificates of=
 interest.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0=
px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rg=
b(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail=
-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">13.3 n=
otes
        an important
        consideration, and its advice to CAs is good. Saying that
        clients may make a
        decision to reject such certificates underlines the potential
        for
        interoperability problems. I guess that=E2=80=99s OK for a statemen=
t in
        an SC section, but it seems a bit vague.</span></p></div></blockquo=
te><div>Acknowledged.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D=
"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;bor=
der-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF">=
<p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u>=
</u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier">I note=
 that
        13.4 refers
        to a trusted Auditor, which conflicts with the characterization
        of Auditing in
        Section 10. Making the chnges I suggest to section would address
        this issue.</span></p></div></blockquote><div>How does it conflict?=
 I agree it&#39;s a bit terse to say a client can hand over observed SCTs t=
o a trusted auditor, but I don&#39;t see the conflict. =C2=A0</div><blockqu=
ote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-wid=
th:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-l=
eft:1ex"><div bgcolor=3D"#FFFFFF"><p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=
=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u><u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
    <p class=3D"gmail-MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:courier"><u></u=
>=C2=A0<u></u></span></p>
   =20
   =20
   =20
   =20
   =20
   =20
   =20
   =20
   =20
   =20
  </div>

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From: Steve <steve.medin@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2016 15:56:59 +0000
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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If a client can un-redact, what's the point of redaction?

Kind regards,
Steve

On Tue, Jun 21, 2016, 12:35 AM Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:

> Hi Rob,
>
> On Mon, 20 Jun 2016 14:39:00 +0100
> Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:
>
> > 1. When redacting a LABEL in the "redacted SAN" extension, the issuer
> > replaces LABEL with "?"||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) instead of
> > just "?".
> >
> > 2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each
> > redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the
> > corresponding label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH
> > (SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of
> > the certificate.
>
> I'm a little uneasy about using the serial number, because of
> the ways that serial numbers can be, and are, incorrectly encoded (e.g.
> not minimally encoded, or a "positive" integer with the MSB set).  I
> think it's simpler and more robust for the client to take the salt out
> of an extension, so it can be treated as an opaque blob and therefore
> be unaffected by the vagaries of parsers.
>
> > - Provides a (partial) technical solution to 'un'redaction (which is
> > something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support
> > redaction [1]): If a domain owner's certificate team observes an
> > unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||
> > LABEL) for all of the LABELs they manage.
>
> Another way to support "un-redaction" is to just leave the salt
> extension in the pre-certificate instead of removing it.  I'd prefer
> that approach if this style of un-redaction is desired.
>
> Regards,
> Andrew
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

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<p dir=3D"ltr">If a client can un-redact, what&#39;s the point of redaction=
? </p>
<p dir=3D"ltr">Kind regards,<br>
Steve<br>
</p>
<br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr">On Tue, Jun 21, 2016, 12:35=
 AM Andrew Ayer &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:agwa@andrewayer.name">agwa@andrewayer=
.name</a>&gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"ma=
rgin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Hi Rob,<br>
<br>
On Mon, 20 Jun 2016 14:39:00 +0100<br>
Rob Stradling &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com" target=3D"_bl=
ank">rob.stradling@comodo.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; 1. When redacting a LABEL in the &quot;redacted SAN&quot; extension, t=
he issuer<br>
&gt; replaces LABEL with &quot;?&quot;||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) ins=
tead of<br>
&gt; just &quot;?&quot;.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each<br=
>
&gt; redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the<br>
&gt; corresponding label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH<br>
&gt; (SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of<br=
>
&gt; the certificate.<br>
<br>
I&#39;m a little uneasy about using the serial number, because of<br>
the ways that serial numbers can be, and are, incorrectly encoded (e.g.<br>
not minimally encoded, or a &quot;positive&quot; integer with the MSB set).=
=C2=A0 I<br>
think it&#39;s simpler and more robust for the client to take the salt out<=
br>
of an extension, so it can be treated as an opaque blob and therefore<br>
be unaffected by the vagaries of parsers.<br>
<br>
&gt; - Provides a (partial) technical solution to &#39;un&#39;redaction (wh=
ich is<br>
&gt; something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support<b=
r>
&gt; redaction [1]): If a domain owner&#39;s certificate team observes an<b=
r>
&gt; unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||<br>
&gt; LABEL) for all of the LABELs they manage.<br>
<br>
Another way to support &quot;un-redaction&quot; is to just leave the salt<b=
r>
extension in the pre-certificate instead of removing it.=C2=A0 I&#39;d pref=
er<br>
that approach if this style of un-redaction is desired.<br>
<br>
Regards,<br>
Andrew<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
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From: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2016 17:16:08 +0100
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Cc: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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FYI proposed text for this change (unreviewed) is in
https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/175

On Tue, Jun 21, 2016 at 4:56 PM, Steve <steve.medin@gmail.com> wrote:

> If a client can un-redact, what's the point of redaction?
>
A  monitor of the log which observes a certificate with redacted dNSName
fields and has a list of subdomains for that domain (for example, because
it is operated by the legitimate domain owner who knows about all the
subdomains registered under this domain) can distinguish between a redacted
cert for one of the known subdomains and a redacted cert for an unknown
subdomain.
TLS clients have to receive the un-redacted certificate, but having the
redacted dNSNames alongside the unredacted ones allows clients to apply a
policy for determining whether the redaction is acceptable or not.

> Kind regards,
> Steve
>
> On Tue, Jun 21, 2016, 12:35 AM Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:
>
>> Hi Rob,
>>
>> On Mon, 20 Jun 2016 14:39:00 +0100
>> Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:
>>
>> > 1. When redacting a LABEL in the "redacted SAN" extension, the issuer
>> > replaces LABEL with "?"||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) instead of
>> > just "?".
>> >
>> > 2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each
>> > redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the
>> > corresponding label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH
>> > (SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of
>> > the certificate.
>>
>> I'm a little uneasy about using the serial number, because of
>> the ways that serial numbers can be, and are, incorrectly encoded (e.g.
>> not minimally encoded, or a "positive" integer with the MSB set).  I
>> think it's simpler and more robust for the client to take the salt out
>> of an extension, so it can be treated as an opaque blob and therefore
>> be unaffected by the vagaries of parsers.
>>
> Per this feedback, the proposed text requires the use of all bytes used to
encode the serial number, including the tag and length bytes.

>
>> > - Provides a (partial) technical solution to 'un'redaction (which is
>> > something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support
>> > redaction [1]): If a domain owner's certificate team observes an
>> > unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||
>> > LABEL) for all of the LABELs they manage.
>>
>> Another way to support "un-redaction" is to just leave the salt
>> extension in the pre-certificate instead of removing it.  I'd prefer
>> that approach if this style of un-redaction is desired.
>>
> The reason I'm uneasy with the salt as a separate extension is it adds
some complications (another extension to remove, another thing to get right
when matching the redacted labels with unredacted ones). As far as I can
tell, the serial number could serve the same purpose.

>
>> Regards,
>> Andrew
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Trans mailing list
>> Trans@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">FYI proposed text for this change (unreviewed) is in=C2=A0=
<a href=3D"https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/175=
">https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/175</a><br><=
div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Tue, Jun 21, 20=
16 at 4:56 PM, Steve <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:steve.medin@gm=
ail.com">steve.medin@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=
=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;bo=
rder-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">=
<p dir=3D"ltr">If a client can un-redact, what&#39;s the point of redaction=
?</p></blockquote><div>A =C2=A0monitor of the log=C2=A0which observes a cer=
tificate with redacted dNSName fields and has a list of subdomains for that=
 domain (for example, because it is operated by the legitimate domain owner=
 who knows about all the subdomains registered under this domain) can disti=
nguish between a redacted cert for one of the known subdomains and a redact=
ed cert for an unknown subdomain.</div><div>TLS clients have to receive the=
 un-redacted certificate, but having the redacted dNSNames alongside the un=
redacted ones allows clients to apply a policy for determining whether the =
redaction is acceptable or not.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" styl=
e=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid=
;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><p dir=3D"ltr"> </p>
<p dir=3D"ltr">Kind regards,<br>
Steve<br>
</p><div class=3D"gmail-HOEnZb"><div class=3D"gmail-h5">
<br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr">On Tue, Jun 21, 2016, 12:35=
 AM Andrew Ayer &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:agwa@andrewayer.name">agwa@andrewayer=
.name</a>&gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"ma=
rgin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border=
-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Hi Rob,<br>
<br>
On Mon, 20 Jun 2016 14:39:00 +0100<br>
Rob Stradling &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com">rob.stradling=
@comodo.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; 1. When redacting a LABEL in the &quot;redacted SAN&quot; extension, t=
he issuer<br>
&gt; replaces LABEL with &quot;?&quot;||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) ins=
tead of<br>
&gt; just &quot;?&quot;.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each<br=
>
&gt; redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the<br>
&gt; corresponding label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH<br>
&gt; (SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of<br=
>
&gt; the certificate.<br>
<br>
I&#39;m a little uneasy about using the serial number, because of<br>
the ways that serial numbers can be, and are, incorrectly encoded (e.g.<br>
not minimally encoded, or a &quot;positive&quot; integer with the MSB set).=
=C2=A0 I<br>
think it&#39;s simpler and more robust for the client to take the salt out<=
br>
of an extension, so it can be treated as an opaque blob and therefore<br>
be unaffected by the vagaries of parsers.<br></blockquote></div></div></div=
></blockquote><div>Per this feedback, the proposed text requires the use of=
 all bytes used to encode the serial number, including the tag and length b=
ytes.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.=
8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204=
,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"gmail-HOEnZb"><div class=3D"gmail=
-h5"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"=
margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;bord=
er-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
&gt; - Provides a (partial) technical solution to &#39;un&#39;redaction (wh=
ich is<br>
&gt; something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support<b=
r>
&gt; redaction [1]): If a domain owner&#39;s certificate team observes an<b=
r>
&gt; unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||<br>
&gt; LABEL) for all of the LABELs they manage.<br>
<br>
Another way to support &quot;un-redaction&quot; is to just leave the salt<b=
r>
extension in the pre-certificate instead of removing it.=C2=A0 I&#39;d pref=
er<br>
that approach if this style of un-redaction is desired.<br></blockquote></d=
iv></div></div></blockquote><div>The reason I&#39;m uneasy with the salt as=
 a separate extension is it adds some complications (another extension to r=
emove, another thing to get right when matching the redacted labels with un=
redacted ones). As far as I can tell, the serial number could serve the sam=
e purpose.=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px=
 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-co=
lor:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"gmail-HOEnZb"><div cla=
ss=3D"gmail-h5"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote=
" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style=
:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Regards,<br>
Andrew<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer">=
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
</blockquote></div>
</div></div><br>_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer">=
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

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From: Steve <steve.medin@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Jun 2016 16:26:44 +0000
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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So a real world situation has been brought forward that requires CT to care
about visibility of subdomains when ownership of name property is granted
from ICANN at the level of the visible content in a redacted name?

On Tue, Jun 21, 2016, 9:16 AM Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com> wrote:

> FYI proposed text for this change (unreviewed) is in
> https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/175
>
> On Tue, Jun 21, 2016 at 4:56 PM, Steve <steve.medin@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> If a client can un-redact, what's the point of redaction?
>>
> A  monitor of the log which observes a certificate with redacted dNSName
> fields and has a list of subdomains for that domain (for example, because
> it is operated by the legitimate domain owner who knows about all the
> subdomains registered under this domain) can distinguish between a redacted
> cert for one of the known subdomains and a redacted cert for an unknown
> subdomain.
> TLS clients have to receive the un-redacted certificate, but having the
> redacted dNSNames alongside the unredacted ones allows clients to apply a
> policy for determining whether the redaction is acceptable or not.
>
>> Kind regards,
>> Steve
>>
>> On Tue, Jun 21, 2016, 12:35 AM Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:
>>
>>> Hi Rob,
>>>
>>> On Mon, 20 Jun 2016 14:39:00 +0100
>>> Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:
>>>
>>> > 1. When redacting a LABEL in the "redacted SAN" extension, the issuer
>>> > replaces LABEL with "?"||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) instead of
>>> > just "?".
>>> >
>>> > 2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each
>>> > redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the
>>> > corresponding label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH
>>> > (SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of
>>> > the certificate.
>>>
>>> I'm a little uneasy about using the serial number, because of
>>> the ways that serial numbers can be, and are, incorrectly encoded (e.g.
>>> not minimally encoded, or a "positive" integer with the MSB set).  I
>>> think it's simpler and more robust for the client to take the salt out
>>> of an extension, so it can be treated as an opaque blob and therefore
>>> be unaffected by the vagaries of parsers.
>>>
>> Per this feedback, the proposed text requires the use of all bytes used
> to encode the serial number, including the tag and length bytes.
>
>>
>>> > - Provides a (partial) technical solution to 'un'redaction (which is
>>> > something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support
>>> > redaction [1]): If a domain owner's certificate team observes an
>>> > unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||
>>> > LABEL) for all of the LABELs they manage.
>>>
>>> Another way to support "un-redaction" is to just leave the salt
>>> extension in the pre-certificate instead of removing it.  I'd prefer
>>> that approach if this style of un-redaction is desired.
>>>
>> The reason I'm uneasy with the salt as a separate extension is it adds
> some complications (another extension to remove, another thing to get right
> when matching the redacted labels with unredacted ones). As far as I can
> tell, the serial number could serve the same purpose.
>
>>
>>> Regards,
>>> Andrew
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Trans mailing list
>>> Trans@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Trans mailing list
>> Trans@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>>
>>

--94eb2c0b1a26f1b5fc0535cc49eb
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<p dir=3D"ltr">So a real world situation has been brought forward that requ=
ires CT to care about visibility of subdomains when ownership of name prope=
rty is granted from ICANN at the level of the visible content in a redacted=
 name?</p>
<br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr">On Tue, Jun 21, 2016, 9:16 =
AM Eran Messeri &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:eranm@google.com">eranm@google.com</a=
>&gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0=
 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">FYI p=
roposed text for this change (unreviewed) is in=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://git=
hub.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/175" target=3D"_blank">ht=
tps://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/175</a><br><div =
class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"></div></div></div><div=
 dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Tue, =
Jun 21, 2016 at 4:56 PM, Steve <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:stev=
e.medin@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">steve.medin@gmail.com</a>&gt;</span> w=
rote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8e=
x;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,2=
04,204);padding-left:1ex"><p dir=3D"ltr">If a client can un-redact, what&#3=
9;s the point of redaction?</p></blockquote></div></div></div><div dir=3D"l=
tr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div>A =C2=A0moni=
tor of the log=C2=A0which observes a certificate with redacted dNSName fiel=
ds and has a list of subdomains for that domain (for example, because it is=
 operated by the legitimate domain owner who knows about all the subdomains=
 registered under this domain) can distinguish between a redacted cert for =
one of the known subdomains and a redacted cert for an unknown subdomain.</=
div><div>TLS clients have to receive the un-redacted certificate, but havin=
g the redacted dNSNames alongside the unredacted ones allows clients to app=
ly a policy for determining whether the redaction is acceptable or not.</di=
v></div></div></div><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=
=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px =
0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:r=
gb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><p dir=3D"ltr"> </p>
<p dir=3D"ltr">Kind regards,<br>
Steve<br>
</p><div><div>
<br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div dir=3D"ltr">On Tue, Jun 21, 2016, 12:35=
 AM Andrew Ayer &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:agwa@andrewayer.name" target=3D"_blan=
k">agwa@andrewayer.name</a>&gt; wrote:<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_=
quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-=
style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Hi Rob,<br=
>
<br>
On Mon, 20 Jun 2016 14:39:00 +0100<br>
Rob Stradling &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com" target=3D"_bl=
ank">rob.stradling@comodo.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; 1. When redacting a LABEL in the &quot;redacted SAN&quot; extension, t=
he issuer<br>
&gt; replaces LABEL with &quot;?&quot;||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) ins=
tead of<br>
&gt; just &quot;?&quot;.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each<br=
>
&gt; redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the<br>
&gt; corresponding label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH<br>
&gt; (SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of<br=
>
&gt; the certificate.<br>
<br>
I&#39;m a little uneasy about using the serial number, because of<br>
the ways that serial numbers can be, and are, incorrectly encoded (e.g.<br>
not minimally encoded, or a &quot;positive&quot; integer with the MSB set).=
=C2=A0 I<br>
think it&#39;s simpler and more robust for the client to take the salt out<=
br>
of an extension, so it can be treated as an opaque blob and therefore<br>
be unaffected by the vagaries of parsers.<br></blockquote></div></div></div=
></blockquote></div></div></div><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"=
><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div>Per this feedback, the proposed text requi=
res the use of all bytes used to encode the serial number, including the ta=
g and length bytes.</div></div></div></div><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"g=
mail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" st=
yle=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:sol=
id;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div><div><div clas=
s=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px=
 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:=
rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
&gt; - Provides a (partial) technical solution to &#39;un&#39;redaction (wh=
ich is<br>
&gt; something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support<b=
r>
&gt; redaction [1]): If a domain owner&#39;s certificate team observes an<b=
r>
&gt; unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||<br>
&gt; LABEL) for all of the LABELs they manage.<br>
<br>
Another way to support &quot;un-redaction&quot; is to just leave the salt<b=
r>
extension in the pre-certificate instead of removing it.=C2=A0 I&#39;d pref=
er<br>
that approach if this style of un-redaction is desired.<br></blockquote></d=
iv></div></div></blockquote></div></div></div><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div>The reason I&#39;m uneasy =
with the salt as a separate extension is it adds some complications (anothe=
r extension to remove, another thing to get right when matching the redacte=
d labels with unredacted ones). As far as I can tell, the serial number cou=
ld serve the same purpose.=C2=A0</div></div></div></div><div dir=3D"ltr"><d=
iv class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gm=
ail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-l=
eft-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div><=
div><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"m=
argin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;borde=
r-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Regards,<br>
Andrew<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
</blockquote></div>
</div></div><br>_______________________________________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div></div></div></blockquote></div>

--94eb2c0b1a26f1b5fc0535cc49eb--


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Suggesting an alternative mechanism for name redaction
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On 21/06/16 05:35, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> Hi Rob,
>
> On Mon, 20 Jun 2016 14:39:00 +0100
> Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:
>
>> 1. When redacting a LABEL in the "redacted SAN" extension, the issuer
>> replaces LABEL with "?"||HEX(HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL)) instead of
>> just "?".
>>
>> 2. If the client desires stronger SCT matching, it checks that each
>> redacted label in the redacted SAN extension matches the
>> corresponding label in the SAN extension, by computing HASH
>> (SERIAL_NUMBER||LABEL), where SERIAL_NUMBER is the serial number of
>> the certificate.
>
> I'm a little uneasy about using the serial number, because of
> the ways that serial numbers can be, and are, incorrectly encoded (e.g.
> not minimally encoded, or a "positive" integer with the MSB set).  I
> think it's simpler and more robust for the client to take the salt out
> of an extension, so it can be treated as an opaque blob and therefore
> be unaffected by the vagaries of parsers.

Hi Andrew.  I agree that incorrect encodings of the serial number are a 
concern.

What if we say that SERIAL_NUMBER must consist of the INTEGER tag, 
length and contents (rather than just the 
potentially-encoded-differently contents)?

>> - Provides a (partial) technical solution to 'un'redaction (which is
>> something that needs to be addressed before Chrome will ever support
>> redaction [1]): If a domain owner's certificate team observes an
>> unexpected precertificate, they can calculate HASH(SERIAL_NUMBER||
>> LABEL) for all of the LABELs they manage.
>
> Another way to support "un-redaction" is to just leave the salt
> extension in the pre-certificate instead of removing it.  I'd prefer
> that approach if this style of un-redaction is desired.

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


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Eran,

Responses to your edits, below:
>
>
>     Section 3
>
>     The term “preannounce” seems odd. “Pre-register” might make more
>     sense, given that the action of submission to a log is a form of
>     registration. Online dictionaries that I queried gave definitions
>     for preannounce that didn’t seem to be a great match to this activity.
>
> Changed.
>
>     Saying that the submission of a pre-certificatesignifies a binding
>     intent to issue the certificate is slightly misleading. A CA might
>     not wind up issuing the associated certificate, for a variety of
>     reasons. I think it would be better to just drop the word
>     “binding” here.
>
> Would it help to say that for all intents and purposes an observer of 
> a CT log can assume a CA has intended to issue a certificate denoted 
> by a precertificate observed in the log?
Yes, that's a good characterization.
>
>     Section 4
>
>     Suggested re-wording:
>
>     We define a mechanism to allow these private labels to not appear
>     in public logs, *while still retaining the security benefits that
>     accrue from using certificate transparency mechanisms.*
>
>     In Section 4.1 wording is used to motivate the need for
>     name-redacted pre-certificates. It does not say, explicitly, that
>     wildcard certificates can be logged and used in the CT context. It
>     also should note the possible problems they represent for Monitors.
>
> I believe the first sentence does. At least, I can't see any 
> dis-ambiguity here.
Which first sentence? 4.1 begins:

    A certificate containing a DNS-ID [RFC6125] of "*.example.com" could
    be used to secure the domain "topsecret.example.com", without
    revealing the string "topsecret" publicly.

This says nothing about the ability to log such a cert. It just says 
that such a cert can be issued by a CA without revealing the domain 
names represented by "*".

The next paragraph provides further rationale why a redacted name cert 
is desirable, but, again, it does not say that q wildcard cert can be 
logged. It cites RFC 6125, which tells TLS client (not just CT-aware TLS 
client) how to match a wildcard cert to a DNS name in a cert.

Both of the cited texts do what I said, i.e., they are providing 
rationale for redacted name certs, without stating, explicitly, that 
wildcard certs are legitimate for submission to logs.
>
>     Given the recent debate about name-redaction, I’m not convinced
>     that the description in 4.2.2 provides sufficient detail for
>     Monitors and TLS clients to know precisely how to compare an SCT
>     for a name-redacted pre-certificate to a certificate.
>
> That's likely to change with the simplified redaction suggestion.
agreed.
>
>     RFC 5280 states that name constraints is a critical extension, so
>     the text in 4.3 conflicts with that RFC.
>
> Seeking feedback here - one possible option is to remove the 'critical 
> or non-critical' part of the sentence.
yes, removing that would address the issue I noted.
>
>     Section 5
>
>     The text still says
>
>     Log operators MUST NOT impose any conditions on retrieving or
>     sharing data from the log.
>
>     I asked if Rich’s on-list statement about how Akamai planned to
>     operate a log was consistent with this mandate, but never received
>     a response.
>
> IIRC the plan was to restrict submission, that text is about getting 
> data from logs.

5.1 says that a log MUST accept any cert that meets 5280 and was issued 
by one of the trust anchors associated with the log. I'm still not 
certain that matches what Rich indicated, but I may be mistaken. 
Hopefully Rich can clarify, and address the submission vs. retrieval 
constraints question at the same time.
>
>     Section 5.1 should include a statement that the list of trust
>     anchors accepted by a log is part of the log’s metadata.
>
> What is the goal behind such a statement? I'm failing to see what it 
> would add to the reader (it's already mentioned that the list can be 
> obtained by calling get-anchors).
Whoops, I missed that interface when it was added in ver 12. sorry.
>
>     Section 5.3 allows a log to create it’s own OID, instead of using
>     one of the log ID registries. This seems to allow for collisions,
>     and is not consistent with the general IETF rationale for creating
>     registries.
>
> How about the following text as the first sentence:
> Each log is identified by an OID which MUST be unique.
That's clearly the goal, but why not mandate use of one of the two 
registries? The primary reason for creating an IANA registry is to help 
ensure uniqueness for IDs in a fashion that promotes, dare I say, 
transparency :-).
>
>     The description for log shutdown is much improved from prior
>     version that I read. However, there are a couple of requirements
>     here that don’t have an associated explanation of how they can be
>     achieved.
>
>     Make it known to clients and monitors that the log will be frozen
>
>     Keep the log running until the certificates in all of its entries
>     have expired or exist in other logs (this can be determined by
>     scanning other logs or connecting to domains mentioned in the
>     certificates and inspecting the SCTs served).
>
> You're right - they depend on the metadata dissemination mechanism, 
> which isn't currently specified.
It think it's more of an issue than what I have complained about 
previously. The first requirement mandates a way to contact every TLS 
client. I presume that the intent is that this will be done by having 
browse vendors make changes in config data that is made available to 
users. Studies have shown that it may take a long while for users to 
update to new versions of browser software. Also if one argues that CT 
TLS Clients are not just browsers, but any users of TLS, then the 
mechanism for distributing log metadata includes OS vendors too. Thus it 
seems appropriate to declare, in this doc, what mechanisms are assumed 
to achieve the stated requirements. Otherwise a reader might conclude 
that we're sweeping this hard problem under the rug. perhaps this is a 
topic to be discussed in the Security Considerations section. finally, 
re-reading 5.11, I see these are just "suggested" actions, which means 
that, again, we have no standard's-level description of what it means 
for a log to safely shut down.
>
>     Section 8
>
>     The opening sentence is 5 lines long, which makes it a bit hard to
>     read. But, overall, this section is much improved over previous
>     versions.
>
>     The description the benefits and disadvantages of the certificate
>     extensionto carry an SCT mentions inclusion proofs. This may be
>     confusing to readers, since the extension does not contain an
>     inclusionproof.
>
> Inclusion proofs can be included in the extension since an inclusion 
> proof is a particular type of TransItem and the extension carries a 
> list of TransItems.
> It is not immediately obvious, though, so if you point to a particular 
> area of the text where this can be clarified I'll try to add some text.
Looking at section 5, 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3 mandate log support for the 
structures defined in these subsections. For 5.4 (TransItem) I see no 
MUSTs. So, it appears that log support for this structure is optional, 
at best (though I didn't see a MAY here either). Text in 5.8 mandates 
support for returning an STH,  but consistency and inclusion proofs 
don't seem to have any MUSTs. I think Section 5 needs to be revised to 
ensure consistent treatment of what you guys feel are really mandatory 
log interfaces and data types.
>
>     ...
>
>     The transparency information extension MUST be non-critical, for
>     backward compatibility with TLS clients that are nopt CT-aware.
>
> Done.
>
>     Note that an OCSP responder may be separate from a CA; the wording
>     in 9.1.1 needs to be revised to reflect that.
>
> Can you suggest text? It'll help understanding in which way the 
> separation between CA and OCSP responder is important in the CT context.
_An OCSP responder_ MAY include a Transparency Information
    X.509v3 extension in the "singleExtensions" of a "SingleResponse" in
    an OCSP response.
>
>     What does 9.2 means when it says
>
>     When a certificate chain includes such a certificate, this
>     indicates that CT compliance is required.
>
>     Required by what?
>
> By the TLS feature extension. Andrew Ayer has suggested text to 
> clarify it which is under review 
> (https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/173).
I looked at the page that the URL displayed and didn't see any text that 
seems relevant to my question. is 9.2 trying to say that IF a CA 
includes the indicated extension in its TA or an intermediate CA cert, 
THEN a TLS client MUST reject any subordinate EE cert if there is not a 
corresponding SCT, IF the client recognizes the extension? If that's the 
intent, please say so directly. Also, why is this extension described as 
SHOULD be non-critical? Under what circumstances ought as CA mark it 
CRITICAL?
>
>     Section 10
>
>     The opening sentence is not very useful for a standards track
>     document. It suggests CT lacks a well-defined architecture.
>
>     The metadata list in 10.1 seems to omit the set of trust anchors
>     accepted by the log.
>
>     In 10.2.4 the text says “…The client then has to verify …” Did you
>     mean to say “MUST” here?
>
> Seems to me it follows from the protocol - if the client doesn't do 
> it, then it has no guarantee of inclusion (same as if it didn't check 
> the inclusion proof at all).
The phrase "has to" is not a substitute for MUST in a standards track 
RFC. It's just a matter RFC style/clarity.
>
>     The language in 10.2.5 about compliance isn’t very useful, when
>     separated from the text in 10.2.7. Why have these as two separate
>     subsections?
>
> How do you suggest merging the two?
I suggest a simple merge, removing redundant text:

    A certificate not accompanied by any valid SCTs
    MUST NOT be considered compliant by TLS clients.

    If a TLS server presents a certificate chain that is non-compliant,
    there are two possibilities.

    o  In the case that use of TLS with a valid certificate is mandated
       by explicit security policy, application protocol specification,
       or other means, the TLS client MUST refuse the connection.

    o  If the use of TLS with a valid certificate is optional, the TLS
       client MAY accept the connection but MUST NOT treat the
       certificate as valid.

>     The wording in 10.2.7 seems intended to skirt the prior agreement
>     to not mandate client behavior in the event of amissing SCT. Also,
>     the wording is sloppy. For example, the text says
>
>     In the case that use of TLS with a _valid_ certificate is mandated ...
>
>     Certificate _validity_ is defined by 5280 and profiles thereof. Do
>     you mean to say a _CT-compliant certificate_ here? The same
>     comment applies to the next bullet which describes what to do if
>     use of a “valid certificate” is optional. Also, what does it mean
>     for a TLS client to “not treat the certificate as valid?”
>
> I agree - wording was somewhat vague here, so I re-wrote this section. 
> see the pull request for the change.
>
>      ...
>
> The detailed description of monitors' operation in the threat analysis 
> document is very suitable and for this reason would like to keep the 
> section about monitors very brief.
I fear you may be confusing the threat analysis text with the text in 
draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt. the text in the threat analysis 
doc does not define the Monitor function in the requisite detail. 
Additionally, the text describing Monitors here is not just brief, it's 
in conflict with the way that several of us have said what we believe a 
Monitor does.
>
>     Section 10.4 describes audit functions reasonably well, but
>     presents a view that there is no separate Auditor function in CT.
>     That conflicts with the design in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-02, and
>     with draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01. I suggest that the first
>     paragraph of this subsection be reworded to characterize the Audit
>     function as one that may be performed by a client, Monitor, or by
>     a separate entity. This subsection also ends with a statement not
>     appropriate for a standard track document, as I have noted before:
>
>     The following algorithm outlines may be useful for clients that
>     wish to perform various audit operations.
>
>     The statement above should be revised to _require_ that an element
>     performing the Audit function MUST perform all of these checks in
>     a fashion that produces results identical to those that the
>     algorithms would yield. If the document doesn’t establish these
>     algorithms as authoritative it is not defining what the Audit
>     function is, and the text is not a very useful part of a standards
>     track document.
>
> I agree that an element performing auditing must perform these checks 
> in a fashion that produces results identical to those that the 
> algorithms would yield.
> I'm not sure how effective it would be to require it in the document 
> though - if the algorithm is wrong it would produce incorrect results, 
> no meaningful audit has been performed.

if the alg in this section is wrong it has no place in a standards doc 
;-). The point of this doc is to define the functionality and behavior 
of all elements of CT, right? If one cannot provide a definitive 
description of required behavior for an element of a system, then one 
has failed to specify it in enough detail to be part of a standard.
>
>     Section 11
>
>     The last sentence here probably ought to be:
>
>     Certificates in the frozen log that have not yet expired and
>     require new SCTs _SHOULD_ be submitted to the new log and the SCTs
>     from that log used instead.
>
> Changed.
thanks.
>
>     Section 13
>
>     The introduction text here is good, but it should be augmented
>     with a discussion of the problems for Monitors posed by wildcard
>     and name-redacted certificates (if the latter feature is
>     retained). A reference to the threat document also would be
>     appropriate here, rather than as a separate, trivial subsection
>     (13.7). I suggest deleting that subsection.
>
> IIUC you suggest moving the reference to the threat analysis document 
> from 13.7 to the introduction in 13. I've made that change.
> Re wildcard and name redaction, wouldn't a discussion on the threats 
> posed by those be more appropriate in the threat analysis document? 
> The introduction text is very general and it does not seem appropriate 
> to me to discuss wildcards/redacted names here.
>
>     13.1 says that a TLS client _may_ (lowercase) decide to reject a
>     certificate w/o an SCT. This language is rather squishy compared
>     to the strict language in 9.2.
>
> Removed that sentence.
thanks.
>
>     13.2 should refer to Monitors (10.3) as the entities that detect
>     mis-issuance. Monitors might be domain owners, as suggested, or
>     CAs, or third parties, but the text here mentions only the 1^st
>     example.
>
> I've tried fitting that in and it felt like fitting a square peg in a 
> round hole. There's already a section about monitors and it should be 
> straightforward to figure out how to watch a log for certificates of 
> interest.
If it's trivial, it should be easy to state in a few sentences. I note 
that only recently did the WG become aware of the problems faced by 
Monitors when trying to match redacted certs to reference data. So added 
detail does seem to be needed, even if we have a new design for redacted 
certs.
>
>     I note that 13.4 refers to a trusted Auditor, which conflicts with
>     the characterization of Auditing in Section 10. Making the chnges
>     I suggest to section would address this issue.
>
> How does it conflict? I agree it's a bit terse to say a client can 
> hand over observed SCTs to a trusted auditor, but I don't see the 
> conflict.
The conflict is that the gossip I-D has an auditor as an essential, 
distinct function in the system. 6962-bis states "Audits are performed 
by monitors or TLS clients." which suggests that there is no separate 
Auditor. That is a conflict.

Steve


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    <p>Eran,<br>
    </p>
    Responses to your edits, below:<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr"><br>
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
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                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF"><br>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 3</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The term “preannounce”
                      seems odd. “Pre-register” might make more sense,
                      given that the action of submission to a log is a
                      form of registration. Online dictionaries that I
                      queried gave definitions for preannounce that
                      didn’t seem to be a great match to this activity.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Changed. </div>
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Saying that the
                      submission of a pre-certificate<span>  </span>signifies
                      a binding intent to issue the certificate is
                      slightly misleading. A CA might not wind up
                      issuing the associated certificate, for a variety
                      of reasons. I think it would be better to just
                      drop the word “binding” here.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Would it help to say that for all intents and
                purposes an observer of a CT log can assume a CA has
                intended to issue a certificate denoted by a
                precertificate observed in the log?</div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    Yes, that's a good characterization.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
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                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 4</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Suggested re-wording:</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">We define a mechanism
                      to allow these private labels to not appear in
                      public logs, <b>while still retaining the
                        security benefits that accrue from using
                        certificate transparency mechanisms.</b></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">In Section 4.1 wording
                      is used to motivate the need for name-redacted
                      pre-certificates. It does not say, explicitly,
                      that wildcard certificates can be logged and used
                      in the CT context. It also should note the
                      possible problems they represent for Monitors.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>I believe the first sentence does. At least, I can't
                see any dis-ambiguity here. <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    Which first sentence? 4.1 begins:<br>
    <br>
       A certificate containing a DNS-ID [RFC6125] of "*.example.com"
    could<br>
       be used to secure the domain "topsecret.example.com", without<br>
       revealing the string "topsecret" publicly.<br>
    <br>
    This says nothing about the ability to log such a cert. It just says
    that such a cert can be issued by a CA without revealing the domain
    names represented by "*".<br>
    <br>
    The next paragraph provides further rationale why a redacted name
    cert is desirable, but, again, it does not say that q wildcard cert
    can be logged. It cites RFC 6125, which tells TLS client (not just
    CT-aware TLS client) how to match a wildcard cert to a DNS name in a
    cert.<br>
    <br>
    Both of the cited texts do what I said, i.e., they are providing
    rationale for redacted name certs, without stating, explicitly, that
    wildcard certs are legitimate for submission to logs. <br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
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                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Given the recent
                      debate about name-redaction, I’m not convinced
                      that the description in 4.2.2 provides sufficient
                      detail for Monitors and TLS clients to know
                      precisely how to compare an SCT for a
                      name-redacted pre-certificate to a certificate.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>That's likely to change with the simplified redaction
                suggestion.</div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    agreed.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <div> </div>
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
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                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">RFC 5280 states that
                      name constraints is a critical extension, so the
                      text in 4.3 conflicts with that RFC.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Seeking feedback here - one possible option is to
                remove the 'critical or non-critical' part of the
                sentence.</div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    yes, removing that would address the issue I noted.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
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                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 5</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The text still says</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Log operators MUST NOT
                      impose any conditions on retrieving or sharing
                      data from the log.</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">I asked if Rich’s
                      on-list statement about how Akamai planned to
                      operate a log was consistent with this mandate,
                      but never received a response.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>IIRC the plan was to restrict submission, that text
                is about getting data from logs. <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
     <br>
    5.1 says that a log MUST accept any cert that meets 5280 and was
    issued by one of the trust anchors associated with the log. I'm
    still not certain that matches what Rich indicated, but I may be
    mistaken. Hopefully Rich can clarify, and address the submission vs.
    retrieval constraints question at the same time.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
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                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 5.1 should
                      include a statement that the list of trust anchors
                      accepted by a log is part of the log’s metadata.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>What is the goal behind such a statement? I'm failing
                to see what it would add to the reader (it's already
                mentioned that the list can be obtained by calling
                get-anchors). <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    Whoops, I missed that interface when it was added in ver 12. sorry.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
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                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 5.3 allows a
                      log to create it’s own OID, instead of using one
                      of the log ID registries. This seems to allow for
                      collisions, and is not consistent with the general
                      IETF rationale for creating registries.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>How about the following text as the first sentence:</div>
              <div>Each log is identified by an OID which MUST be
                unique. <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    That's clearly the goal, but why not mandate use of one of the two
    registries? The primary reason for creating an IANA registry is to
    help ensure uniqueness for IDs in a fashion that promotes, dare I
    say, transparency :-).<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The description for
                      log shutdown is much improved from prior version
                      that I read. However, there are a couple of
                      requirements here that don’t have an associated
                      explanation of how they can be achieved. </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Make it known to
                      clients and monitors that the log will be frozen</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Keep the log running
                      until the certificates in all of its entries have
                      expired or exist in other logs (this can be
                      determined by scanning other logs or connecting to
                      domains mentioned in the certificates and
                      inspecting the SCTs served).</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>You're right - they depend on the metadata
                dissemination mechanism, which isn't currently
                specified. <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    It think it's more of an issue than what I have complained about
    previously. The first requirement mandates a way to contact every
    TLS client. I presume that the intent is that this will be done by
    having browse vendors make changes in config data that is made
    available to users. Studies have shown that it may take a long while
    for users to update to new versions of browser software. Also if one
    argues that CT TLS Clients are not just browsers, but any users of
    TLS, then the mechanism for distributing log metadata includes OS
    vendors too. Thus it seems appropriate to declare, in this doc, what
    mechanisms are assumed to achieve the stated requirements. Otherwise
    a reader might conclude that we're sweeping this hard problem under
    the rug. perhaps this is a topic to be discussed in the Security
    Considerations section. finally, re-reading 5.11, I see these are
    just "suggested" actions, which means that, again, we have no
    standard's-level description of what it means for a log to safely
    shut down. <br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 8</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The opening sentence
                      is 5 lines long, which makes it a bit hard to
                      read. But, overall, this section is much improved
                      over previous versions.</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The description the
                      benefits and disadvantages of the certificate
                      extension<span>  </span>to carry an SCT mentions
                      inclusion proofs. This may be confusing to
                      readers, since the extension does not contain an
                      inclusion<span>  </span>proof.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Inclusion proofs can be included in the extension
                since an inclusion proof is a particular type of
                TransItem and the extension carries a list of
                TransItems.</div>
              <div>It is not immediately obvious, though, so if you
                point to a particular area of the text where this can be
                clarified I'll try to add some text. <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    Looking at section 5, 5.1, 5.2, and 5.3 mandate log support for the
    structures defined in these subsections. For 5.4 (TransItem) I see
    no MUSTs. So, it appears that log support for this structure is
    optional, at best (though I didn't see a MAY here either). Text in
    5.8 mandates support for returning an STH,  but consistency and
    inclusion proofs don't seem to have any MUSTs. I think Section 5
    needs to be revised to ensure consistent treatment of what you guys
    feel are really mandatory log interfaces and data types.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">...
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The transparency
                      information extension MUST be non-critical, for
                      backward compatibility with TLS clients that are
                      nopt CT-aware.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Done. </div>
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Note that an OCSP
                      responder may be separate from a CA; the wording
                      in 9.1.1 needs to be revised to reflect that.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Can you suggest text? It'll help understanding in
                which way the separation between CA and OCSP responder
                is important in the CT context. <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
       <u>An OCSP responder</u> MAY include a Transparency Information<br>
       X.509v3 extension in the "singleExtensions" of a "SingleResponse"
    in<br>
       an OCSP response. <br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">What does 9.2 means
                      when it says</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">When a certificate
                      chain includes such a certificate, this indicates
                      that CT compliance is required.</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Required by what?</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>By the TLS feature extension. Andrew Ayer has
                suggested text to clarify it which is under review (<a
                  class="moz-txt-link-freetext"
                  href="https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/173"><a class="moz-txt-link-freetext" href="https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/173">https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/pull/173</a></a>).
                <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    I looked at the page that the URL displayed and didn't see any text
    that seems relevant to my question. is 9.2 trying to say that IF a
    CA includes the indicated extension in its TA or an intermediate CA
    cert, THEN a TLS client MUST reject any subordinate EE cert if there
    is not a corresponding SCT, IF the client recognizes the extension?
    If that's the intent, please say so directly. Also, why is this
    extension described as SHOULD be non-critical? Under what
    circumstances ought as CA mark it CRITICAL?<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 10</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The opening sentence
                      is not very useful for a standards track document.
                      It suggests CT lacks a well-defined architecture.</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The metadata list in
                      10.1 seems to omit the set of trust anchors
                      accepted by the log.</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">In 10.2.4 the text
                      says “…The client then has to verify …” Did you
                      mean to say “MUST” here?</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Seems to me it follows from the protocol - if the
                client doesn't do it, then it has no guarantee of
                inclusion (same as if it didn't check the inclusion
                proof at all). <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    The phrase "has to" is not a substitute for MUST in a standards
    track RFC. It's just a matter RFC style/clarity.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The language in 10.2.5
                      about compliance isn’t very useful, when separated
                      from the text in 10.2.7. Why have these as two
                      separate subsections?</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>How do you suggest merging the two? <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    I suggest a simple merge, removing redundant text:<br>
    <br>
       A certificate not accompanied by any valid SCTs<br>
       MUST NOT be considered compliant by TLS clients.<br>
    <br>
       If a TLS server presents a certificate chain that is
    non-compliant,<br>
       there are two possibilities.<br>
    <br>
       o  In the case that use of TLS with a valid certificate is
    mandated<br>
          by explicit security policy, application protocol
    specification,<br>
          or other means, the TLS client MUST refuse the connection.<br>
    <br>
       o  If the use of TLS with a valid certificate is optional, the
    TLS<br>
          client MAY accept the connection but MUST NOT treat the<br>
          certificate as valid.<br>
    <br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The wording in 10.2.7
                      seems intended to skirt the prior agreement to not
                      mandate client behavior in the event of a<span>  </span>missing
                      SCT. Also, the wording is sloppy. For example, the
                      text says</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"><span> </span></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">In the case that use
                      of TLS with a <u>valid</u> certificate is
                      mandated ...</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Certificate <u>validity</u>
                      is defined by 5280 and profiles thereof. Do you
                      mean to say a <u>CT-compliant certificate</u>
                      here? The same comment applies to the next bullet
                      which describes what to do if use of a “valid
                      certificate” is optional. Also, what does it mean
                      for a TLS client to “not treat the certificate as
                      valid?”</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>I agree - wording was somewhat vague here, so I
                re-wrote this section. see the pull request for the
                change.</div>
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> ...</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>The detailed description of monitors' operation in
                the threat analysis document is very suitable and for
                this reason would like to keep the section about
                monitors very brief.</div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    I fear you may be confusing the threat analysis text with the text
    in draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.txt. the text in the threat
    analysis doc does not define the Monitor function in the requisite
    detail. Additionally, the text describing Monitors here is not just
    brief, it's in conflict with the way that several of us have said 
    what we believe a Monitor does. <br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 10.4 describes
                      audit functions reasonably well, but presents a
                      view that there is no separate Auditor function in
                      CT. That conflicts with the design in
                      draft-ietf-trans-gossip-02, and with </span><span
                      style="font-family:courier">draft-kent-trans-monitor-auditor-01.
                      I suggest that the first paragraph of this
                      subsection be reworded to characterize the Audit
                      function as one that may be performed by a client,
                      Monitor, or by a separate entity. This subsection
                      also ends with a statement not appropriate for a
                      standard track document, as I have noted before:</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The following
                      algorithm outlines may be useful for clients that
                      wish to perform various audit operations.</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The statement above
                      should be revised to <u>require</u> that an
                      element performing the Audit function MUST perform
                      all of these checks in a fashion that produces
                      results identical to those that the algorithms
                      would yield. If the document doesn’t establish
                      these algorithms as authoritative it is not
                      defining what the Audit function is, and the text
                      is not a very useful part of a standards track
                      document.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>I agree that an element performing auditing must
                perform these checks in a fashion that produces results
                identical to those that the algorithms would yield. </div>
              <div>I'm not sure how effective it would be to require it
                in the document though - if the algorithm is wrong it
                would produce incorrect results, no meaningful audit has
                been performed.</div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    if the alg in this section is wrong it has no place in a standards
    doc ;-). The point of this doc is to define the functionality and
    behavior of all elements of CT, right? If one cannot provide a
    definitive description of required behavior for an element of a
    system, then one has failed to specify it in enough detail to be
    part of a standard.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 11</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The last sentence here
                      probably ought to be:</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Certificates in the
                      frozen log that have not yet expired and require
                      new SCTs <u>SHOULD</u> be submitted to the new
                      log and the SCTs from that log used instead.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Changed. <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    thanks.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal" style="margin-left:0.5in"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">Section 13</span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">The introduction text
                      here is good, but it should be augmented with a
                      discussion of the problems for Monitors posed by
                      wildcard and name-redacted certificates (if the
                      latter feature is retained). A reference to the
                      threat document also would be appropriate here,
                      rather than as a separate, trivial subsection
                      (13.7). I suggest deleting that subsection.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>IIUC you suggest moving the reference to the threat
                analysis document from 13.7 to the introduction in 13.
                I've made that change.</div>
              <div>Re wildcard and name redaction, wouldn't a discussion
                on the threats posed by those be more appropriate in the
                threat analysis document? The introduction text is very
                general and it does not seem appropriate to me to
                discuss wildcards/redacted names here.</div>
              <div> </div>
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">13.1 says that a TLS
                      client <u>may</u> (lowercase) decide to reject a
                      certificate w/o an SCT. This language is rather
                      squishy compared to the strict language in 9.2.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>Removed that sentence. <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    thanks.<br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">13.2 should refer to
                      Monitors (10.3) as the entities that detect
                      mis-issuance. Monitors might be domain owners, as
                      suggested, or CAs, or third parties, but the text
                      here mentions only the 1<sup>st</sup> example.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>I've tried fitting that in and it felt like fitting a
                square peg in a round hole. There's already a section
                about monitors and it should be straightforward to
                figure out how to watch a log for certificates of
                interest.</div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    If it's trivial, it should be easy to state in a few sentences. I
    note that only recently did the WG become aware of the problems
    faced by Monitors when trying to match redacted certs to reference
    data. So added detail does seem to be needed, even if we have a new
    design for redacted certs. <br>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CALzYgEeyErnA+B775DvWRcgrp3xKrccwkaBsaf6HaOqqutXV9w@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div>
          <div class="gmail_extra">
            <div class="gmail_quote">
              <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px
0.8ex;border-left-width:1px;border-left-style:solid;border-left-color:rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
                <div bgcolor="#FFFFFF">
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"></span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier"> </span></p>
                  <p class="gmail-MsoNormal"><span
                      style="font-family:courier">I note that 13.4
                      refers to a trusted Auditor, which conflicts with
                      the characterization of Auditing in Section 10.
                      Making the chnges I suggest to section would
                      address this issue.</span></p>
                </div>
              </blockquote>
              <div>How does it conflict? I agree it's a bit terse to say
                a client can hand over observed SCTs to a trusted
                auditor, but I don't see the conflict.  <br>
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    The conflict is that the gossip I-D has an auditor as an essential,
    distinct function in the system. 6962-bis states "Audits are
    performed by monitors or TLS clients." which suggests that there is
    no separate Auditor. That is a conflict.<br>
    <br>
    Steve<br>
    <br>
  </body>
</html>

--------------AC110030E8094ED5049B5240--


From nobody Fri Jun 24 09:07:28 2016
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Subject: [Trans] trans - Requested session has been scheduled for IETF 96
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Dear Melinda Shore,

The session(s) that you have requested have been scheduled.
Below is the scheduled session information followed by
the original request. 

trans Session 1 (1:00:00)
    Wednesday, Morning Session I 1000-1230
    Room Name: Charlottenburg I size: 80
    ---------------------------------------------
    

Special Note: 10:00-11:00


Request Information:


---------------------------------------------------------
Working Group Name: Public Notary Transparency 
Area Name: Security Area
Session Requester: Melinda Shore

Number of Sessions: 1
Length of Session(s):  1 Hour
Number of Attendees: 50
Conflicts to Avoid: 
 First Priority: dane curdle dnsop tls
 Second Priority: ipsecme saag



Special Requests:
  
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Please note that we are not meeting in Berlin, and were
scheduled in error.

Thanks,

Melinda



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Dear Melinda Shore,

The session(s) that you have requested have been scheduled.
Below is the scheduled session information followed by
the original request. 

trans Session 1 (1:00:00)
    Wednesday, Morning Session I 1000-1230
    Room Name: Charlottenburg I size: 80
    ---------------------------------------------
    

Special Note: CANCELED


Request Information:


---------------------------------------------------------
Working Group Name: Public Notary Transparency 
Area Name: Security Area
Session Requester: Melinda Shore

Number of Sessions: 1
Length of Session(s):  1 Hour
Number of Attendees: 50
Conflicts to Avoid: 
 First Priority: dane curdle dnsop tls
 Second Priority: ipsecme saag



Special Requests:
  
---------------------------------------------------------

