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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2017 18:58:49 -0500
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Cc: Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>
Subject: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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Hey all,

This might not be quite the right list for this, but since I'm not aware of
a "ct-implementors" list, I thought I'd go ahead and post it.

tl;dr: Logging with live updates to the Merkle tree can be done at rates of
at least 10-150qps.

It had bothered me for a while that there was this 24-hour delay at the
heart of CT, and I was never satisfied with the hand-wavy answers about
distributed consensus.  At the CT policy days last week, Nick, Zakir, and I
decided to see if we could build a log with two properties:

1. It updates in real time, i.e., it ensures that the Merkle tree is
updated before returning 200/OK to an add-chain query.
2. It updates fast enough that it could plausibly keep up with real log
loads

Property (1) means that if your signer was fast enough to keep up, you
could return an STH instead of an SCT in response to an add-chain query.
This should be appealing to log operators, since if you log this way, you
never have to worry about missing your MMD -- your MMD is zero.

The only real innovation needed here is to focus on the bare minimum that
needs to be done to update a Merkle tree.  In order to add a certificate to
the  tree, you don't need to track the whole tree, you just need to keep
track of a log-size "frontier" of the heads of complete subtrees; these
also happen to be the elements of an inclusion proof from the new cert to
the tree head immediately after its addition.  Then all you need to do to
add a cert to the tree is ensure that the following are done atomically:

- Fetch the latest frontier
- Update it with the new certificate
- Store the certificate and the new frontier

Then you can update your log as fast as your database can do those
transactions.  To estimate how fast this can happen in practice, we tested
out a few storage configurations behind a simple Go front-end that
implements the add-chain endpoint from RFC 6962 [1]:

A. Google Cloud Spanner [2]
B. Postgres running on a dedicated SSD, on the same server as the front end
C. Postgres running remote, on a shared hard disk

(All of these can trivially support multiple front-ends, due to transaction
wrapping; it turns out not to help, because you're limited by the
transaction processing rate.)

Spanner turned out to be the slowest by quite a bit [3], operating at
around 10qps.  Postgres on an SSD was fastest, at 150-200qps.  Postgres in
a more realistic configuration was in the middle, at around 60qps.
Obviously, there's some trade-off with reliability here, but since Google
is using Spanner for their logs, it seems like the Spanner number should
represent a pretty acceptable reliability level.

The upshot is that this style of logging seems eminently feasible.  Almost
all CT logs are growing at well less than 10qps [2], and even Let's Encrypt
on its worst days only generates about 115qps.  And I have pretty high
confidence that if you actually put some thought into designing the storage
scheme, you could get some additional margin here.

=====

What does this mean for CT?  I'm not totally sure.

On the one hand, it seems like it adds some credibility to the idea of
relying more on inclusion proofs, since in principle, a log can issue an
inclusion proof to a tree head immediately on cert submission.  It
certainly makes me wonder if there's an argument in here for getting rid of
SCTs entirely.

On the other hand, it may not be dispositive.  Even if you can create an
inclusion proof to *a* tree head, it's not going to be that useful unless
that a client/auditor can connect that tree head up to some notion of the
global state -- and it will not be feasible for that global state to be the
entire set of tree heads, one per certificate!  Assuming then that logs
will have to only issue global state periodically, there will still be
delay in issuance, just driven by client/auditor caching capabilities
instead of log ingress capabilities.

On the third hand, it may be possible to hack around even this.  Even if
logs are checkpointed, so that only some tree heads are "official" and used
by clients/auditors, the log could produce a consistency proof to the last
official head at ingress time, which would provide the client/auditor some
assurance that the cert fits into the global history, which could be
verified when the next official tree head comes out.

In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are
essential properties of this system.

--Richard


[1] https://github.com/bifurcation/loggerhead
[2] https://github.com/bifurcation/loggerhead/tree/spanner
[3] It was also really expensive!  Cost almost $100 in free trial credit to
run this experiment :)
[4] https://sslmate.com/labs/ct_growth/

--94eb2c12382ee6bedb0549c83507
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><div>Hey all,<br><br></div>This might =
not be quite=20
the right list for this, but since I&#39;m not aware of a &quot;ct-implemen=
tors&quot;=20
list, I thought I&#39;d go ahead and post it.<br><br></div>tl;dr: Logging w=
ith live updates to the Merkle tree can be done at rates of at least 10-150=
qps.<br><br></div>It
 had bothered me for a while that there was this 24-hour delay at the=20
heart of CT, and I was never satisfied with the hand-wavy answers about=20
distributed consensus.=C2=A0 At the CT policy days last week, Nick, Zakir,=
=20
and I decided to see if we could build a log with two properties:<br><br></=
div>1. It updates in real time, i.e., it ensures that the Merkle tree is up=
dated before returning 200/OK to an add-chain query.<br></div>2. It updates=
 fast enough that it could plausibly keep up with real log loads<br><div><d=
iv><div><div><div><br>Property
 (1) means that if your signer was fast enough to keep up, you could=20
return an STH instead of an SCT in response to an add-chain query.=C2=A0 Th=
is should be appealing to log operators, since if you log this way, you nev=
er have to worry about missing your MMD -- your MMD is zero.<br><br></div><=
div>The
 only real innovation needed here is to focus on the bare minimum that need=
s to be done to update a Merkle tree.=C2=A0 In order to add a certificate t=
o the=C2=A0 tree, you don&#39;t need to track the whole tree, you just need=
 to=20
keep track of a log-size &quot;frontier&quot; of the heads of complete subt=
rees; these also happen to be the=20
elements of an inclusion proof from the new cert to the tree head immediate=
ly=20
after its addition.=C2=A0 Then all you need to do to add a cert to the tree=
=20
is ensure that the following are done atomically:<br><br></div><div>- Fetch=
 the latest frontier<br></div><div>- Update it with the new certificate<br>=
</div><div>- Store the certificate and the new frontier<br></div><div><br><=
/div><div>Then
 you can update your log as fast as your database can do those=20
transactions.=C2=A0 To estimate how fast this can happen in practice, we=20
tested out a few storage configurations behind a simple Go front-end=20
that implements the add-chain endpoint from RFC 6962 [1]:<br><br></div><div=
>A. Google Cloud Spanner [2]<br></div><div>B. Postgres running on a dedicat=
ed SSD, on the same server as the front end<br></div><div>C. Postgres runni=
ng remote, on a shared hard disk<br></div><div><br></div><div>(All
 of these can trivially support multiple front-ends, due to transaction=20
wrapping; it turns out not to help, because you&#39;re limited by the=20
transaction processing rate.)<br></div><div><br></div><div>Spanner=20
turned out to be the slowest by quite a bit [3], operating at around 10qps.=
=C2=A0 Postgres on an SSD
 was fastest, at 150-200qps.=C2=A0 Postgres in a more realistic configurati=
on
 was in the middle, at around 60qps.=C2=A0 Obviously, there&#39;s some trad=
e-off with reliability here, but since Google is using Spanner for their lo=
gs, it seems like the Spanner number should represent a pretty acceptable r=
eliability level.=C2=A0 <br><br></div><div>The upshot is=20
that this style of logging seems eminently feasible.=C2=A0 Almost all CT lo=
gs
 are growing at well less than 10qps [2], and even Let&#39;s Encrypt on its=
=20
worst days only generates about 115qps.=C2=A0 And I have pretty high confid=
ence that if you actually put some thought into designing the storage schem=
e, you could get some additional margin here.<br></div><div><br>=3D=3D=3D=
=3D=3D<br><br></div><div>What does this mean for CT?=C2=A0 I&#39;m not tota=
lly sure.<br><br></div><div>On
 the one hand, it seems like it adds some credibility to the idea of=20
relying more on inclusion proofs, since in principle, a log can issue an
 inclusion proof to a tree head immediately on cert submission.=C2=A0 It=20
certainly makes me wonder if there&#39;s an argument in here for getting ri=
d
 of SCTs entirely.<br><br></div><div>On the other hand, it may not be=20
dispositive.=C2=A0 Even if you can create an inclusion proof to *a* tree=20
head, it&#39;s not going to be that useful unless that a client/auditor can=
=20
connect that tree head up to some notion of the global state -- and it=20
will not be feasible for that global state to be the entire set of tree=20
heads, one per certificate!=C2=A0 Assuming then that logs will have to only=
=20
issue global state periodically, there will still be delay in issuance,=20
just driven by client/auditor caching capabilities instead of log=20
ingress capabilities.<br><br></div><div>On the third hand, it may be=20
possible to hack around even this.=C2=A0 Even if logs are checkpointed, so=
=20
that only some tree heads are &quot;official&quot; and used by clients/audi=
tors,=20
the log could produce a consistency proof to the last official head at=20
ingress time, which would provide the client/auditor some assurance that
 the cert fits into the global history, which could be verified when the
 next official tree head comes out.<br></div><div><br></div><div>In any cas=
e, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are essential propert=
ies of this system.<br></div><div><br></div><div>--Richard<br><br></div><di=
v><br>[1] <a href=3D"https://github.com/bifurcation/loggerhead">https://git=
hub.com/bifurcation/loggerhead</a><br>[2] <a href=3D"https://github.com/bif=
urcation/loggerhead/tree/spanner">https://github.com/bifurcation/loggerhead=
/tree/spanner</a><br></div><div>[3] It was also really expensive!=C2=A0 Cos=
t almost $100 in free trial credit to run this experiment :)<br></div><div>=
[4] <a href=3D"https://sslmate.com/labs/ct_growth/">https://sslmate.com/lab=
s/ct_growth/</a><br></div><div><br></div><div><br><br><br><br></div></div><=
/div></div></div></div>

--94eb2c12382ee6bedb0549c83507--


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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>
> In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are
> essential properties of this system.
>

I'm confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I've misunderstood.

Can you explain how this statement differs, from say a discussion about
keeping a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can have amazing
QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds like you're describing that
you've built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are using that as
proof that reliability is not a critical property?

--94eb2c1b3fd0657fde0549c922e6
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a=
 href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wro=
te:<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left=
:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><div=
>In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are essent=
ial properties of this system.</div></div></div></div></div></div></blockqu=
ote></div><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m confused by this con=
clusion, and apologies if I&#39;ve misunderstood.</div><div class=3D"gmail_=
extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">Can you explain how this statem=
ent differs, from say a discussion about keeping a database in RAM and neve=
r flushing to disk? You can have amazing QPS - but terrible reliability. It=
 sounds like you&#39;re describing that you&#39;ve built an unreliable, but=
 efficient, system, and are using that as proof that reliability is not a c=
ritical property?</div></div>

--94eb2c1b3fd0657fde0549c922e6--


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From: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:
>
> I'm confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I've misunderstood.
>
> Can you explain how this statement differs, from say a discussion about
> keeping a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can have amazing
> QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds like you're describing that
> you've built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are using that as
> proof that reliability is not a critical property?
>

And as a concrete example, consider
https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/d/msg/ct-policy/ohtZ64gLN3I/q4nSPkrWCQAJ

--f4030436050e45b4d60549c92792
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</=
a>&gt;</span> wrote:<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div =
dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m confused by this conclusion,=
 and apologies if I&#39;ve misunderstood.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><=
br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">Can you explain how this statement diff=
ers, from say a discussion about keeping a database in RAM and never flushi=
ng to disk? You can have amazing QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds =
like you&#39;re describing that you&#39;ve built an unreliable, but efficie=
nt, system, and are using that as proof that reliability is not a critical =
property?</div></div>
</blockquote></div><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">And as a concrete e=
xample, consider=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://groups.google.com/a/chromium.org/d=
/msg/ct-policy/ohtZ64gLN3I/q4nSPkrWCQAJ">https://groups.google.com/a/chromi=
um.org/d/msg/ct-policy/ohtZ64gLN3I/q4nSPkrWCQAJ</a></div><div class=3D"gmai=
l_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div></div>

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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2017 20:38:32 -0500
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To: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
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Cc: Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>, trans@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:

>
>
> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>>
>> In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are
>> essential properties of this system.
>>
>
> I'm confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I've misunderstood.
>
> Can you explain how this statement differs, from say a discussion about
> keeping a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can have amazing
> QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds like you're describing that
> you've built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are using that as
> proof that reliability is not a critical property?
>

That's part of why I used Spanner as one of our test points.  At least
according to Al at the CT policy days, that's what his team is using as
storage for their logs.  So presumably it's suitably reliable?

I'm definitely willing to admit there's a trade-off here.  My point is just
that the reliability requirements are not inconsistent with a sufficiently
high transaction rate to serve existing needs.

--Richard

--f403045e9ace8a61510549c99a86
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<div dir=3D"ltr">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"l=
tr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf=
@sleevi.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=
=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8=
ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><span clas=
s=3D""><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu=
, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"m=
ailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<blockq=
uote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc =
solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><div>In any ca=
se, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are essential proper=
ties of this system.</div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote></div>=
<br></div></span><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m confused by this conclu=
sion, and apologies if I&#39;ve misunderstood.</div><div class=3D"gmail_ext=
ra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">Can you explain how this statement=
 differs, from say a discussion about keeping a database in RAM and never f=
lushing to disk? You can have amazing QPS - but terrible reliability. It so=
unds like you&#39;re describing that you&#39;ve built an unreliable, but ef=
ficient, system, and are using that as proof that reliability is not a crit=
ical property?</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>That&#39;s part =
of why I used Spanner as one of our test points.=C2=A0 At least according t=
o Al at the CT policy days, that&#39;s what his team is using as storage fo=
r their logs.=C2=A0 So presumably it&#39;s suitably reliable? <br></div></d=
iv><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m definitely willing to admit=
 there&#39;s a trade-off here.=C2=A0 My point is just that the reliability =
requirements are not inconsistent with a sufficiently high transaction rate=
 to serve existing needs.<br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><di=
v class=3D"gmail_extra">--Richard<br></div></div>

--f403045e9ace8a61510549c99a86--


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Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2017 17:55:14 -0800
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
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Cc: Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>, trans@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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Hi Richard,

On Thu, 2 Mar 2017 18:58:49 -0500
Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

> On the third hand, it may be possible to hack around even this.  Even
> if logs are checkpointed, so that only some tree heads are "official"
> and used by clients/auditors, the log could produce a consistency
> proof to the last official head at ingress time, which would provide
> the client/auditor some assurance that the cert fits into the global
> history, which could be verified when the next official tree head
> comes out.

This sounds interesting - could you elaborate?

Regards,
Andrew


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Thu, 2 Mar 2017 22:29:11 -0500
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Cc: Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>, trans@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:55 PM, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:

> Hi Richard,
>
> On Thu, 2 Mar 2017 18:58:49 -0500
> Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>
> > On the third hand, it may be possible to hack around even this.  Even
> > if logs are checkpointed, so that only some tree heads are "official"
> > and used by clients/auditors, the log could produce a consistency
> > proof to the last official head at ingress time, which would provide
> > the client/auditor some assurance that the cert fits into the global
> > history, which could be verified when the next official tree head
> > comes out.
>
> This sounds interesting - could you elaborate?
>

(To be clear: Credit for this idea goes to Zakir, I'm just recapping.)

Obviously, every time you add a cert to the Merkle tree, you get a new tree
head.  Say a log produces "official" tree heads ever 5 certs and all
official heads get sync'ed out to clients, who cache them all.  (Just for
the sake of argument; obviously you could also fetch.)  So you would have a
history something like this:

O1 - H2 - H3 - H4 - H5 - O6 - H7 - H8 - ...

At the time the fourth certificate (C4) is added, the log can produce two
things:

1. An inclusion proof from C4 to H4
2. A consistency proof from O1 to H4

If these can be provided to the client (say in the cert or stapled OCSP)
and the client has O1, then the client can verify that there is a causal
link between the two.  This is slightly better than an SCT (e.g., it can't
be back-dated to before O1), but doesn't prevent forked history.  In order
to prevent that, the client still has to verify that the head H4 is
"forward consistent" with the next tree head O6.

So you still need to get a consistency proof that proves that H4 is
consistent with O6.  You can do that by fetching it from the log, but
that's no better from a privacy / log scaling POV than fetching inclusion
proofs.

It would be lovely if the consistency proof between O1 and O6 could also be
used to verify any intermediate heads you have, since then the client could
just sync down the consistency between official heads and use that to check
the intermediates.  TBH, I don't have good enough intuition for consistency
proofs to know whether this works off the top of my head, and I haven't sat
down to figure it out.

--Richard

--001a11467a9a370e770549cb26ca
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:55 PM, Andrew Ayer <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:agwa@andrewayer.name" target=3D"_blank">agwa@andrewayer.name</=
a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0=
 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Hi Richard,<br>
<span class=3D""><br>
On Thu, 2 Mar 2017 18:58:49 -0500<br>
Richard Barnes &lt;rlb@ipv.sx&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; On the third hand, it may be possible to hack around even this.=C2=A0 =
Even<br>
&gt; if logs are checkpointed, so that only some tree heads are &quot;offic=
ial&quot;<br>
&gt; and used by clients/auditors, the log could produce a consistency<br>
&gt; proof to the last official head at ingress time, which would provide<b=
r>
&gt; the client/auditor some assurance that the cert fits into the global<b=
r>
&gt; history, which could be verified when the next official tree head<br>
&gt; comes out.<br>
<br>
</span>This sounds interesting - could you elaborate?<br></blockquote><div>=
<br></div><div>(To be clear: Credit for this idea goes to Zakir, I&#39;m ju=
st recapping.)<br><br></div><div>Obviously, every time you add a cert to th=
e Merkle tree, you get a new tree head.=C2=A0 Say a log produces &quot;offi=
cial&quot; tree heads ever 5 certs and all official heads get sync&#39;ed o=
ut to clients, who cache them all.=C2=A0 (Just for the sake of argument; ob=
viously you could also fetch.)=C2=A0 So you would have a history something =
like this:<br><br></div><div>O1 - H2 - H3 - H4 - H5 - O6 - H7 - H8 - ...<br=
></div><div><br></div><div>At the time the fourth certificate (C4) is added=
, the log can produce two things:<br><br></div><div>1. An inclusion proof f=
rom C4 to H4<br></div><div>2. A consistency proof from O1 to H4<br></div><d=
iv><br></div><div>If these can be provided to the client (say in the cert o=
r stapled OCSP) and the client has O1, then the client can verify that ther=
e is a causal link between the two.=C2=A0 This is slightly better than an S=
CT (e.g., it can&#39;t be back-dated to before O1), but doesn&#39;t prevent=
 forked history.=C2=A0 In order to prevent that, the client still has to ve=
rify that the head H4 is &quot;forward consistent&quot; with the next tree =
head O6.=C2=A0 <br><br></div><div>So you still need to get a consistency pr=
oof that proves that H4 is consistent with O6.=C2=A0 You can do that by fet=
ching it from the log, but that&#39;s no better from a privacy / log scalin=
g POV than fetching inclusion proofs.<br><br>It would be lovely if the cons=
istency proof between O1 and O6 could also be used to verify any intermedia=
te heads you have, since then the client could just sync down the consisten=
cy between official heads and use that to check the intermediates.=C2=A0 TB=
H, I don&#39;t have good enough intuition for consistency proofs to know wh=
ether this works off the top of my head, and I haven&#39;t sat down to figu=
re it out.<br></div><div><br></div><div>--Richard<br></div><div><br></div><=
/div></div></div>

--001a11467a9a370e770549cb26ca--


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To: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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--94eb2c1a1b3eadbae70549ccf283
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On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:38 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:
>
>>
>>
>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>>>
>>> In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are
>>> essential properties of this system.
>>>
>>
>> I'm confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I've misunderstood.
>>
>> Can you explain how this statement differs, from say a discussion about
>> keeping a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can have amazing
>> QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds like you're describing that
>> you've built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are using that as
>> proof that reliability is not a critical property?
>>
>
> That's part of why I used Spanner as one of our test points.  At least
> according to Al at the CT policy days, that's what his team is using as
> storage for their logs.  So presumably it's suitably reliable?
>
> I'm definitely willing to admit there's a trade-off here.  My point is
> just that the reliability requirements are not inconsistent with a
> sufficiently high transaction rate to serve existing needs.
>

Again, I'm confused as to how you reach that conclusion, so apologies if
I'm just dense here.

You've compared an extremely reliable, globally consistent storage system
and established one bound (10qps) for your idea. You've then compared an
extremely unreliable, globally inconsistent storage system and established
another bound (60qps-200qps)

I'm not sure why you've introduced the unreliable system - which has SPOF
written all over it - or how it relates to this proposal. Are you
suggesting that reliability is no longer necessary?

Assuming reliability is necessary, and we accept 10qps for 'extremely high'
reliability, and 60qps for 'extremely low reliability', doesn't your
solution only provide value iff the growth rate of the ecosystem is
somewhere within these bounds? Are you asserting that "10-60 qps should be
enough for everyone"?

I guess what I'm trying to figure out is what the consequence of this
experiment is - are you proposing change? Because aren't those bounds only
relevant to the specific experiment you did, which is related to your
proposed solution for STH-on-every-cert?

I apologize if I'm simply dense from what this implementation feedback is
related to, or understanding the objective of this experiment. You suggest
it may be feasible, but I see those numbers and reach the opposite
conclusion, so I'm trying to understand where I'm misunderstanding.

--94eb2c1a1b3eadbae70549ccf283
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:38 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a=
 href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wro=
te:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-=
left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div class=3D"h=
5">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hre=
f=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</a=
>&gt;</span> wrote:<br></div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D=
"gmail_quote"><div><div class=3D"h5"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" styl=
e=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div di=
r=3D"ltr"><span><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quot=
e">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrot=
e:<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:=
1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><div>=
In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are essenti=
al properties of this system.</div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquo=
te></div><br></div></span><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m confused by th=
is conclusion, and apologies if I&#39;ve misunderstood.</div><div class=3D"=
gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">Can you explain how this =
statement differs, from say a discussion about keeping a database in RAM an=
d never flushing to disk? You can have amazing QPS - but terrible reliabili=
ty. It sounds like you&#39;re describing that you&#39;ve built an unreliabl=
e, but efficient, system, and are using that as proof that reliability is n=
ot a critical property?</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></div></div>=
<div>That&#39;s part of why I used Spanner as one of our test points.=C2=A0=
 At least according to Al at the CT policy days, that&#39;s what his team i=
s using as storage for their logs.=C2=A0 So presumably it&#39;s suitably re=
liable? <br></div></div><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m defini=
tely willing to admit there&#39;s a trade-off here.=C2=A0 My point is just =
that the reliability requirements are not inconsistent with a sufficiently =
high transaction rate to serve existing needs.</div></div></blockquote><div=
><br></div><div>Again, I&#39;m confused as to how you reach that conclusion=
, so apologies if I&#39;m just dense here.</div><div><br></div><div>You&#39=
;ve compared an extremely reliable, globally consistent storage system and =
established one bound (10qps) for your idea. You&#39;ve then compared an ex=
tremely unreliable, globally inconsistent storage system and established an=
other bound (60qps-200qps)</div><div><br></div><div>I&#39;m not sure why yo=
u&#39;ve introduced the unreliable system - which has SPOF written all over=
 it - or how it relates to this proposal. Are you suggesting that reliabili=
ty is no longer necessary?</div><div><br></div><div>Assuming reliability is=
 necessary, and we accept 10qps for &#39;extremely high&#39; reliability, a=
nd 60qps for &#39;extremely low reliability&#39;, doesn&#39;t your solution=
 only provide value iff the growth rate of the ecosystem is somewhere withi=
n these bounds? Are you asserting that &quot;10-60 qps should be enough for=
 everyone&quot;?</div><div><br></div><div>I guess what I&#39;m trying to fi=
gure out is what the consequence of this experiment is - are you proposing =
change? Because aren&#39;t those bounds only relevant to the specific exper=
iment you did, which is related to your proposed solution for STH-on-every-=
cert?</div><div><br></div><div>I apologize if I&#39;m simply dense from wha=
t this implementation feedback is related to, or understanding the objectiv=
e of this experiment. You suggest it may be feasible, but I see those numbe=
rs and reach the opposite conclusion, so I&#39;m trying to understand where=
 I&#39;m misunderstanding.</div></div></div></div>

--94eb2c1a1b3eadbae70549ccf283--


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From: Al Cutter <al@google.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 10:19:19 +0000
Message-ID: <CACM=_OcE=ShCcw8w-f3O+QJ0pmUb16LSbMjMUsmUXndT6QSe_A@mail.gmail.com>
To: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
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Cc: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>, Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>, trans@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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--001a113e9242f58cfc0549d0e032
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

I thought I'd throw a few things into the discussion...

So, I think what Richard, Nick and Zakir have reinvented, is more or less
the original plan for how CT was going to work; chains would be submitted,
and the caller would be told either a) here's your inclusion proof+STH, or
b) come back and try again in a bit.
At that time, CAs were understandably wary of blocking their issuance on
processes with an unbounded (or at least slightly hand-wavy) deadline.
Enter SCTs, which we we all know and, um, love.
(You all probably knew that already, and if you've been following or
involved with CT for a while also probably know a lot of the trade-offs
that we made in our Google log implementation, mostly swapping speed and
comfort for quite paranoid levels of redundancy.)

As I said during the talk Pierre and I gave at the start of the CT policy
days about running logs at scale, personally, I really like the idea of
serving proofs directly (I think I said something along the lines of it
holding a special place in my heart) and I suspect that's at least in part
what's triggered this to resurface.

To detour for a moment, Richard's right in that you certainly can update
Merkle trees in real time, and very quickly - in fact, if you forgo the
full-fat Merkle tree and use what we term a "compact" merkle tree (see
github [1] for details - I believe this is what Richard describes as his
"frontier" tree), then you can update it at many hundreds of thousands of
qps, when you start trying to actually store and sign things it slows down
a fair bit, but depending on storage layer/layout/and whatnots you could
still reasonably expect to be able to do many thousands per second.
Obviously as you crank the hypothetical lever away from "low reliability"
(perhaps not really useful* in the current CT system, but impressively
fast) over to "reliable and globally consistent" things slow down further,
but our recent experiences with Trillian suggest that you can still do this
sort of thing at multiple hundreds to a couple of thousand qps if you're
willing to batch a bit (Trillian has levers too, in particular to trade off
between throughput, scale, and low integration latency, but we need to do
more testing to better understand the full implications.)

Back to the policy day; the next thing I said after sharing my wistful
dreams, was that I felt that in order for anything like those dreams to
become reality there would need to be changes in the ecosystem, the ones I
called out in particular were that we'd need to have many logs, and that
they'd need to be open.  The reason for this, which I think I didn't go
into any detail about and Ryan has touched on above, is because cold hard
operational reality has a habit of crashing through the door whenever
there's something I'd like to have - things like machines failing, software
updates (even rolling ones), bugs, master elections, network partitions,
and Stuff, all mean that you will not *always* be able to have your
throughput, and there *will* be stretches of time you are completely unable
to update your tree (I'm assuming the local/global level is pulled over
towards the global side here). If the ecosystem has sufficient open logs
and CAs were all attempting to log in parallel to sufficiently large subset
of those, they maybe that's fine and it turns out to be overwhelmingly
likely that there are enough logs not having a bad day for the world to
roll on.

I think none of this dream world is in conflict with the current state of
-bis, other than possibly that requirement to limit STH issuance to one per
hour. I understand why it got put in, but I do wonder if it really belongs
in the Gossip doc rather than -bis where it's potentially discouraging This
Sort of Thing.

Anyway, I just thought I'd chip in with some colour.


[1]
https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency/blob/master/cpp/merkletree/compact_merkle_tree.h

On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:37 AM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:

>
>
> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:38 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>
>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>>>>
>>>> In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are
>>>> essential properties of this system.
>>>>
>>>
>>> I'm confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I've misunderstood.
>>>
>>> Can you explain how this statement differs, from say a discussion about
>>> keeping a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can have amazing
>>> QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds like you're describing that
>>> you've built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are using that as
>>> proof that reliability is not a critical property?
>>>
>>
>> That's part of why I used Spanner as one of our test points.  At least
>> according to Al at the CT policy days, that's what his team is using as
>> storage for their logs.  So presumably it's suitably reliable?
>>
>> I'm definitely willing to admit there's a trade-off here.  My point is
>> just that the reliability requirements are not inconsistent with a
>> sufficiently high transaction rate to serve existing needs.
>>
>
> Again, I'm confused as to how you reach that conclusion, so apologies if
> I'm just dense here.
>
> You've compared an extremely reliable, globally consistent storage system
> and established one bound (10qps) for your idea. You've then compared an
> extremely unreliable, globally inconsistent storage system and established
> another bound (60qps-200qps)
>
> I'm not sure why you've introduced the unreliable system - which has SPOF
> written all over it - or how it relates to this proposal. Are you
> suggesting that reliability is no longer necessary?
>
> Assuming reliability is necessary, and we accept 10qps for 'extremely
> high' reliability, and 60qps for 'extremely low reliability', doesn't your
> solution only provide value iff the growth rate of the ecosystem is
> somewhere within these bounds? Are you asserting that "10-60 qps should be
> enough for everyone"?
>
> I guess what I'm trying to figure out is what the consequence of this
> experiment is - are you proposing change? Because aren't those bounds only
> relevant to the specific experiment you did, which is related to your
> proposed solution for STH-on-every-cert?
>
> I apologize if I'm simply dense from what this implementation feedback is
> related to, or understanding the objective of this experiment. You suggest
> it may be feasible, but I see those numbers and reach the opposite
> conclusion, so I'm trying to understand where I'm misunderstanding.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>
>

--001a113e9242f58cfc0549d0e032
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">I thought I&#39;d throw a few things into the discussion..=
.=C2=A0<div><br></div><div>So, I think what Richard, Nick and Zakir have re=
invented, is more or less the original plan for how CT was going to work; c=
hains would be submitted, and the caller would be told either a) here&#39;s=
 your inclusion proof+STH, or b) come back and try again in a bit.</div><di=
v>At that time, CAs were understandably wary of blocking their issuance on =
processes with an unbounded (or at least slightly hand-wavy) deadline.=C2=
=A0 Enter SCTs, which we we all know and, um, love.</div><div>(You all prob=
ably knew that already, and if you&#39;ve been following or involved with C=
T for a while also probably know a lot of the trade-offs that we made in ou=
r Google log implementation, mostly swapping speed and comfort for quite pa=
ranoid levels of redundancy.)</div><div><br></div><div>As I said during the=
 talk Pierre and I gave at the start of the CT policy days about running lo=
gs at scale, personally, I really like the idea of serving proofs directly =
(I think I said something along the lines of it holding a special place in =
my heart) and I suspect that&#39;s at least in part what&#39;s triggered th=
is to resurface.</div><div><br></div><div>To detour for a moment, Richard&#=
39;s right in that you certainly can update Merkle trees in real time, and =
very quickly - in fact, if you forgo the full-fat Merkle tree and use what =
we term a &quot;compact&quot; merkle tree (see github [1] for details - I b=
elieve this is what Richard describes as his &quot;frontier&quot; tree), th=
en you can update it at many hundreds of thousands of qps, when you start t=
rying to actually store and sign things it slows down a fair bit, but depen=
ding on storage layer/layout/and whatnots you could still reasonably expect=
 to be able to do many thousands per second.=C2=A0 Obviously as you crank t=
he hypothetical lever away from &quot;low reliability&quot; (perhaps not re=
ally useful* in the current CT system, but impressively fast) over to &quot=
;reliable and globally consistent&quot; things slow down further, but our r=
ecent experiences with Trillian suggest that you can still do this sort of =
thing at multiple hundreds to a couple of thousand qps if you&#39;re willin=
g to batch a bit (Trillian has levers too, in particular to trade off betwe=
en throughput, scale, and low integration latency, but we need to do more t=
esting to better understand the full implications.)</div><div>=C2=A0</div><=
div>Back to the policy day; the next thing I said after sharing my wistful =
dreams, was that I felt that in order for anything like those dreams to bec=
ome reality there would need to be changes in the ecosystem, the ones I cal=
led out in particular were that we&#39;d need to have many logs, and that t=
hey&#39;d need to be open.=C2=A0 The reason for this, which I think I didn&=
#39;t go into any detail about and Ryan has touched on above, is because co=
ld hard operational reality has a habit of crashing through the door whenev=
er there&#39;s something I&#39;d like to have - things like machines failin=
g, software updates (even rolling ones), bugs, master elections, network pa=
rtitions, and Stuff, all mean that you will not *always* be able to have yo=
ur throughput, and there *will* be stretches of time you are completely una=
ble to update your tree (I&#39;m assuming the local/global level is pulled =
over towards the global side here). If the ecosystem has sufficient open lo=
gs and CAs were all attempting to log in parallel to sufficiently large sub=
set of those, they maybe that&#39;s fine and it turns out to be overwhelmin=
gly likely that there are enough logs not having a bad day for the world to=
 roll on.=C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>I think none of this dream world i=
s in conflict with the current state of -bis, other than possibly that requ=
irement to limit STH issuance to one per hour. I understand why it got put =
in, but I do wonder if it really belongs in the Gossip doc rather than -bis=
 where it&#39;s potentially discouraging This Sort of Thing.</div><div><br>=
</div><div>Anyway, I just thought I&#39;d chip in with some colour.</div><d=
iv><br></div><div><br></div><div>[1]=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://github.com/goo=
gle/certificate-transparency/blob/master/cpp/merkletree/compact_merkle_tree=
.h">https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency/blob/master/cpp/merk=
letree/compact_merkle_tree.h</a></div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br>=
<div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:37 AM, Ryan Sleevi <spa=
n dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank"=
>ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_q=
uote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1e=
x"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_=
quote"><span class=3D"">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:38 PM, Richard Barnes <spa=
n dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.s=
x</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margi=
n:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">=
<div><div class=3D"m_8361057672389783664h5">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM,=
 Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" =
target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br></div></div=
><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div><div class=3D"m=
_8361057672389783664h5"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0=
 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><sp=
an><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, Ma=
r 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailt=
o:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<blockquote=
 class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc soli=
d;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><div>In any case, =
we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are essential properties=
 of this system.</div></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote></div><br>=
</div></span><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m confused by this conclusion=
, and apologies if I&#39;ve misunderstood.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">=
<br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">Can you explain how this statement dif=
fers, from say a discussion about keeping a database in RAM and never flush=
ing to disk? You can have amazing QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds=
 like you&#39;re describing that you&#39;ve built an unreliable, but effici=
ent, system, and are using that as proof that reliability is not a critical=
 property?</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></div></div><div>That&#39=
;s part of why I used Spanner as one of our test points.=C2=A0 At least acc=
ording to Al at the CT policy days, that&#39;s what his team is using as st=
orage for their logs.=C2=A0 So presumably it&#39;s suitably reliable? <br><=
/div></div><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m definitely willing =
to admit there&#39;s a trade-off here.=C2=A0 My point is just that the reli=
ability requirements are not inconsistent with a sufficiently high transact=
ion rate to serve existing needs.</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></=
span><div>Again, I&#39;m confused as to how you reach that conclusion, so a=
pologies if I&#39;m just dense here.</div><div><br></div><div>You&#39;ve co=
mpared an extremely reliable, globally consistent storage system and establ=
ished one bound (10qps) for your idea. You&#39;ve then compared an extremel=
y unreliable, globally inconsistent storage system and established another =
bound (60qps-200qps)</div><div><br></div><div>I&#39;m not sure why you&#39;=
ve introduced the unreliable system - which has SPOF written all over it - =
or how it relates to this proposal. Are you suggesting that reliability is =
no longer necessary?</div><div><br></div><div>Assuming reliability is neces=
sary, and we accept 10qps for &#39;extremely high&#39; reliability, and 60q=
ps for &#39;extremely low reliability&#39;, doesn&#39;t your solution only =
provide value iff the growth rate of the ecosystem is somewhere within thes=
e bounds? Are you asserting that &quot;10-60 qps should be enough for every=
one&quot;?</div><div><br></div><div>I guess what I&#39;m trying to figure o=
ut is what the consequence of this experiment is - are you proposing change=
? Because aren&#39;t those bounds only relevant to the specific experiment =
you did, which is related to your proposed solution for STH-on-every-cert?<=
/div><div><br></div><div>I apologize if I&#39;m simply dense from what this=
 implementation feedback is related to, or understanding the objective of t=
his experiment. You suggest it may be feasible, but I see those numbers and=
 reach the opposite conclusion, so I&#39;m trying to understand where I&#39=
;m misunderstanding.</div></div></div></div>
<br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/<wbr>listinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div>

--001a113e9242f58cfc0549d0e032--


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 10:23:14 -0500
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To: Al Cutter <al@google.com>
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Cc: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>, Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>, trans@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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Hey Al,

Thanks for chipping in.  I'm not surprised to hear that this stuff is not
novel :)

Since I've got you here, here's one thing I'm confused about: Why don't you
have the same reliability problems with SCTs?  Before you issue the SCT,
you've got to be really sure that you've got that cert and it's going to
make it into the log.

The only difference we're talking about here is that in addition to that
append operation, you also have a read operation.  Either way, you have a
stack of things you're appending to, either a stack of just certs or a
stack of (cert, frontier) pairs.  In the SCT case, you have to reliably
push a cert onto the stack.  In the no-MMD case, you have to peek at the
top of the stack to get the last frontier, then push the new (cert,
frontier) pair.  That does extend the scope of the transaction a bit, but
it certainly doesn't seem like it should take you from "effectively
instantaneous" to "we'll get back to you tomorrow".

Am I misunderstanding how reliability works for SCTs?  If you have a
reliability problem with updating the tree in this way, don't you already
have a reliability problem with SCTs?

--Richard


On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:19 AM, Al Cutter <al@google.com> wrote:

> I thought I'd throw a few things into the discussion...
>
> So, I think what Richard, Nick and Zakir have reinvented, is more or less
> the original plan for how CT was going to work; chains would be submitted,
> and the caller would be told either a) here's your inclusion proof+STH, or
> b) come back and try again in a bit.
> At that time, CAs were understandably wary of blocking their issuance on
> processes with an unbounded (or at least slightly hand-wavy) deadline.
> Enter SCTs, which we we all know and, um, love.
> (You all probably knew that already, and if you've been following or
> involved with CT for a while also probably know a lot of the trade-offs
> that we made in our Google log implementation, mostly swapping speed and
> comfort for quite paranoid levels of redundancy.)
>
> As I said during the talk Pierre and I gave at the start of the CT policy
> days about running logs at scale, personally, I really like the idea of
> serving proofs directly (I think I said something along the lines of it
> holding a special place in my heart) and I suspect that's at least in part
> what's triggered this to resurface.
>
> To detour for a moment, Richard's right in that you certainly can update
> Merkle trees in real time, and very quickly - in fact, if you forgo the
> full-fat Merkle tree and use what we term a "compact" merkle tree (see
> github [1] for details - I believe this is what Richard describes as his
> "frontier" tree), then you can update it at many hundreds of thousands of
> qps, when you start trying to actually store and sign things it slows down
> a fair bit, but depending on storage layer/layout/and whatnots you could
> still reasonably expect to be able to do many thousands per second.
> Obviously as you crank the hypothetical lever away from "low reliability"
> (perhaps not really useful* in the current CT system, but impressively
> fast) over to "reliable and globally consistent" things slow down further,
> but our recent experiences with Trillian suggest that you can still do this
> sort of thing at multiple hundreds to a couple of thousand qps if you're
> willing to batch a bit (Trillian has levers too, in particular to trade off
> between throughput, scale, and low integration latency, but we need to do
> more testing to better understand the full implications.)
>
> Back to the policy day; the next thing I said after sharing my wistful
> dreams, was that I felt that in order for anything like those dreams to
> become reality there would need to be changes in the ecosystem, the ones I
> called out in particular were that we'd need to have many logs, and that
> they'd need to be open.  The reason for this, which I think I didn't go
> into any detail about and Ryan has touched on above, is because cold hard
> operational reality has a habit of crashing through the door whenever
> there's something I'd like to have - things like machines failing, software
> updates (even rolling ones), bugs, master elections, network partitions,
> and Stuff, all mean that you will not *always* be able to have your
> throughput, and there *will* be stretches of time you are completely unable
> to update your tree (I'm assuming the local/global level is pulled over
> towards the global side here). If the ecosystem has sufficient open logs
> and CAs were all attempting to log in parallel to sufficiently large subset
> of those, they maybe that's fine and it turns out to be overwhelmingly
> likely that there are enough logs not having a bad day for the world to
> roll on.
>
> I think none of this dream world is in conflict with the current state of
> -bis, other than possibly that requirement to limit STH issuance to one per
> hour. I understand why it got put in, but I do wonder if it really belongs
> in the Gossip doc rather than -bis where it's potentially discouraging This
> Sort of Thing.
>
> Anyway, I just thought I'd chip in with some colour.
>
>
> [1] https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency/blob/
> master/cpp/merkletree/compact_merkle_tree.h
>
> On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:37 AM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:
>
>>
>>
>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:38 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>>
>>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
>>> wrote:
>>>
>>>>
>>>>
>>>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>>>>>
>>>>> In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are
>>>>> essential properties of this system.
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>> I'm confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I've misunderstood.
>>>>
>>>> Can you explain how this statement differs, from say a discussion about
>>>> keeping a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can have amazing
>>>> QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds like you're describing that
>>>> you've built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are using that as
>>>> proof that reliability is not a critical property?
>>>>
>>>
>>> That's part of why I used Spanner as one of our test points.  At least
>>> according to Al at the CT policy days, that's what his team is using as
>>> storage for their logs.  So presumably it's suitably reliable?
>>>
>>> I'm definitely willing to admit there's a trade-off here.  My point is
>>> just that the reliability requirements are not inconsistent with a
>>> sufficiently high transaction rate to serve existing needs.
>>>
>>
>> Again, I'm confused as to how you reach that conclusion, so apologies if
>> I'm just dense here.
>>
>> You've compared an extremely reliable, globally consistent storage system
>> and established one bound (10qps) for your idea. You've then compared an
>> extremely unreliable, globally inconsistent storage system and established
>> another bound (60qps-200qps)
>>
>> I'm not sure why you've introduced the unreliable system - which has SPOF
>> written all over it - or how it relates to this proposal. Are you
>> suggesting that reliability is no longer necessary?
>>
>> Assuming reliability is necessary, and we accept 10qps for 'extremely
>> high' reliability, and 60qps for 'extremely low reliability', doesn't your
>> solution only provide value iff the growth rate of the ecosystem is
>> somewhere within these bounds? Are you asserting that "10-60 qps should be
>> enough for everyone"?
>>
>> I guess what I'm trying to figure out is what the consequence of this
>> experiment is - are you proposing change? Because aren't those bounds only
>> relevant to the specific experiment you did, which is related to your
>> proposed solution for STH-on-every-cert?
>>
>> I apologize if I'm simply dense from what this implementation feedback is
>> related to, or understanding the objective of this experiment. You suggest
>> it may be feasible, but I see those numbers and reach the opposite
>> conclusion, so I'm trying to understand where I'm misunderstanding.
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Trans mailing list
>> Trans@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>>
>>
>

--f403045ea688da319a0549d51f0b
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div>Hey Al,<br><br></div><div>Thanks for chipping in.=C2=
=A0 I&#39;m not surprised to hear that this stuff is not novel :)<br></div>=
<div><br></div><div>Since I&#39;ve got you here, here&#39;s one thing I&#39=
;m confused about: Why don&#39;t you have the same reliability problems wit=
h SCTs?=C2=A0 Before you issue the SCT, you&#39;ve got to be really sure th=
at you&#39;ve got that cert and it&#39;s going to make it into the log.<br>=
<br>The only difference we&#39;re talking about here is that in addition to=
 that append operation, you also have a read operation.=C2=A0 Either way, y=
ou have a stack of things you&#39;re appending to, either a stack of just c=
erts or a stack of (cert, frontier) pairs.=C2=A0 In the SCT case, you have =
to reliably push a cert onto the stack.=C2=A0 In the no-MMD case, you have =
to peek at the top of the stack to get the last frontier, then push the new=
 (cert, frontier) pair.=C2=A0 That does extend the scope of the transaction=
 a bit, but it certainly doesn&#39;t seem like it should take you from &quo=
t;effectively instantaneous&quot; to &quot;we&#39;ll get back to you tomorr=
ow&quot;.<br><br></div><div>Am I misunderstanding how reliability works for=
 SCTs?=C2=A0 If you have a reliability problem with updating the tree in th=
is way, don&#39;t you already have a reliability problem with SCTs?<br></di=
v><div><br></div><div>--Richard<br></div><div><br></div></div><div class=3D=
"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:19 AM=
, Al Cutter <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:al@google.com" target=
=3D"_blank">al@google.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gma=
il_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-lef=
t:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">I thought I&#39;d throw a few things into the discu=
ssion...=C2=A0<div><br></div><div>So, I think what Richard, Nick and Zakir =
have reinvented, is more or less the original plan for how CT was going to =
work; chains would be submitted, and the caller would be told either a) her=
e&#39;s your inclusion proof+STH, or b) come back and try again in a bit.</=
div><div>At that time, CAs were understandably wary of blocking their issua=
nce on processes with an unbounded (or at least slightly hand-wavy) deadlin=
e.=C2=A0 Enter SCTs, which we we all know and, um, love.</div><div>(You all=
 probably knew that already, and if you&#39;ve been following or involved w=
ith CT for a while also probably know a lot of the trade-offs that we made =
in our Google log implementation, mostly swapping speed and comfort for qui=
te paranoid levels of redundancy.)</div><div><br></div><div>As I said durin=
g the talk Pierre and I gave at the start of the CT policy days about runni=
ng logs at scale, personally, I really like the idea of serving proofs dire=
ctly (I think I said something along the lines of it holding a special plac=
e in my heart) and I suspect that&#39;s at least in part what&#39;s trigger=
ed this to resurface.</div><div><br></div><div>To detour for a moment, Rich=
ard&#39;s right in that you certainly can update Merkle trees in real time,=
 and very quickly - in fact, if you forgo the full-fat Merkle tree and use =
what we term a &quot;compact&quot; merkle tree (see github [1] for details =
- I believe this is what Richard describes as his &quot;frontier&quot; tree=
), then you can update it at many hundreds of thousands of qps, when you st=
art trying to actually store and sign things it slows down a fair bit, but =
depending on storage layer/layout/and whatnots you could still reasonably e=
xpect to be able to do many thousands per second.=C2=A0 Obviously as you cr=
ank the hypothetical lever away from &quot;low reliability&quot; (perhaps n=
ot really useful* in the current CT system, but impressively fast) over to =
&quot;reliable and globally consistent&quot; things slow down further, but =
our recent experiences with Trillian suggest that you can still do this sor=
t of thing at multiple hundreds to a couple of thousand qps if you&#39;re w=
illing to batch a bit (Trillian has levers too, in particular to trade off =
between throughput, scale, and low integration latency, but we need to do m=
ore testing to better understand the full implications.)</div><div>=C2=A0</=
div><div>Back to the policy day; the next thing I said after sharing my wis=
tful dreams, was that I felt that in order for anything like those dreams t=
o become reality there would need to be changes in the ecosystem, the ones =
I called out in particular were that we&#39;d need to have many logs, and t=
hat they&#39;d need to be open.=C2=A0 The reason for this, which I think I =
didn&#39;t go into any detail about and Ryan has touched on above, is becau=
se cold hard operational reality has a habit of crashing through the door w=
henever there&#39;s something I&#39;d like to have - things like machines f=
ailing, software updates (even rolling ones), bugs, master elections, netwo=
rk partitions, and Stuff, all mean that you will not *always* be able to ha=
ve your throughput, and there *will* be stretches of time you are completel=
y unable to update your tree (I&#39;m assuming the local/global level is pu=
lled over towards the global side here). If the ecosystem has sufficient op=
en logs and CAs were all attempting to log in parallel to sufficiently larg=
e subset of those, they maybe that&#39;s fine and it turns out to be overwh=
elmingly likely that there are enough logs not having a bad day for the wor=
ld to roll on.=C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>I think none of this dream wo=
rld is in conflict with the current state of -bis, other than possibly that=
 requirement to limit STH issuance to one per hour. I understand why it got=
 put in, but I do wonder if it really belongs in the Gossip doc rather than=
 -bis where it&#39;s potentially discouraging This Sort of Thing.</div><div=
><br></div><div>Anyway, I just thought I&#39;d chip in with some colour.</d=
iv><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>[1]=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://github.co=
m/google/certificate-transparency/blob/master/cpp/merkletree/compact_merkle=
_tree.h" target=3D"_blank">https://github.com/google/<wbr>certificate-trans=
parency/blob/<wbr>master/cpp/merkletree/compact_<wbr>merkle_tree.h</a></div=
></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div><div =
class=3D"h5">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:37 AM, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">=
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sle=
evi.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br></div></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quo=
te" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"=
><div><div class=3D"h5"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br=
><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span>On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:38 PM, Richard B=
arnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank"=
>rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" styl=
e=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div di=
r=3D"ltr"><div><div class=3D"m_4391618216350226139m_8361057672389783664h5">=
On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</a>=
&gt;</span> wrote:<br></div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"=
gmail_quote"><div><div class=3D"m_4391618216350226139m_8361057672389783664h=
5"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left=
:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><span><br><div class=3D"=
gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM,=
 Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=
=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quot=
e" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">=
<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><div>In any case, we should stop think=
ing that log delay and the MMD are essential properties of this system.</di=
v></div></div></div></div></div></blockquote></div><br></div></span><div cl=
ass=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I=
&#39;ve misunderstood.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra">Can you explain how this statement differs, from say a dis=
cussion about keeping a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can=
 have amazing QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds like you&#39;re des=
cribing that you&#39;ve built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are=
 using that as proof that reliability is not a critical property?</div></di=
v></blockquote><div><br></div></div></div><div>That&#39;s part of why I use=
d Spanner as one of our test points.=C2=A0 At least according to Al at the =
CT policy days, that&#39;s what his team is using as storage for their logs=
.=C2=A0 So presumably it&#39;s suitably reliable? <br></div></div><br></div=
><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I&#39;m definitely willing to admit there&#39;s=
 a trade-off here.=C2=A0 My point is just that the reliability requirements=
 are not inconsistent with a sufficiently high transaction rate to serve ex=
isting needs.</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></span><div>Again, I&#=
39;m confused as to how you reach that conclusion, so apologies if I&#39;m =
just dense here.</div><div><br></div><div>You&#39;ve compared an extremely =
reliable, globally consistent storage system and established one bound (10q=
ps) for your idea. You&#39;ve then compared an extremely unreliable, global=
ly inconsistent storage system and established another bound (60qps-200qps)=
</div><div><br></div><div>I&#39;m not sure why you&#39;ve introduced the un=
reliable system - which has SPOF written all over it - or how it relates to=
 this proposal. Are you suggesting that reliability is no longer necessary?=
</div><div><br></div><div>Assuming reliability is necessary, and we accept =
10qps for &#39;extremely high&#39; reliability, and 60qps for &#39;extremel=
y low reliability&#39;, doesn&#39;t your solution only provide value iff th=
e growth rate of the ecosystem is somewhere within these bounds? Are you as=
serting that &quot;10-60 qps should be enough for everyone&quot;?</div><div=
><br></div><div>I guess what I&#39;m trying to figure out is what the conse=
quence of this experiment is - are you proposing change? Because aren&#39;t=
 those bounds only relevant to the specific experiment you did, which is re=
lated to your proposed solution for STH-on-every-cert?</div><div><br></div>=
<div>I apologize if I&#39;m simply dense from what this implementation feed=
back is related to, or understanding the objective of this experiment. You =
suggest it may be feasible, but I see those numbers and reach the opposite =
conclusion, so I&#39;m trying to understand where I&#39;m misunderstanding.=
</div></div></div></div>
<br></div></div>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/l<wbr>istinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div>
</blockquote></div><br></div>

--f403045ea688da319a0549d51f0b--


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Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 10:40:26 -0500 (EST)
From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
To: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
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Cc: Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>, Trans <trans@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On Thu, 2 Mar 2017, Richard Barnes wrote:

Richard,

> This might not be quite the right list for this, but since I'm not aware of a "ct-implementors" list, I thought
> I'd go ahead and post it.
> 
> tl;dr: Logging with live updates to the Merkle tree can be done at rates of at least 10-150qps.

Thanks for the update. Am I right that this resolves your concerns about
6962bis, and that you no longer think the specification needs changing
to support the expected load for the deployment you have in mind?

I'm trying to determine if we are now ready to send the document to the IESG.

Paul


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 10:59:07 -0500
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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--001a114b7e2a2e20b00549d5a0cd
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On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 10:40 AM, Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca> wrote:

> On Thu, 2 Mar 2017, Richard Barnes wrote:
>
> Richard,
>
> This might not be quite the right list for this, but since I'm not aware
>> of a "ct-implementors" list, I thought
>> I'd go ahead and post it.
>>
>> tl;dr: Logging with live updates to the Merkle tree can be done at rates
>> of at least 10-150qps.
>>
>
> Thanks for the update. Am I right that this resolves your concerns about
> 6962bis, and that you no longer think the specification needs changing
> to support the expected load for the deployment you have in mind?
>
> I'm trying to determine if we are now ready to send the document to the
> IESG.
>

Short answer: No.

Longer answer: After a late-night pizza / scotch / whiteboard session with
Eran and a few others last week, I have some more focused asks.  I'll try
to get them written up this afternoon.

--Richard

--001a114b7e2a2e20b00549d5a0cd
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 10:40 AM, Paul Wouters <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:paul@nohats.ca" target=3D"_blank">paul@nohats.ca</a>&gt;</sp=
an> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;=
border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">On Thu, 2 Mar 2017, Richard Ba=
rnes wrote:<br>
<br>
Richard,<span class=3D""><br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
This might not be quite the right list for this, but since I&#39;m not awar=
e of a &quot;ct-implementors&quot; list, I thought<br>
I&#39;d go ahead and post it.<br>
<br>
tl;dr: Logging with live updates to the Merkle tree can be done at rates of=
 at least 10-150qps.<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
Thanks for the update. Am I right that this resolves your concerns about<br=
>
6962bis, and that you no longer think the specification needs changing<br>
to support the expected load for the deployment you have in mind?<br>
<br>
I&#39;m trying to determine if we are now ready to send the document to the=
 IESG.<span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888"><br></font></span></bl=
ockquote><div><br></div><div>Short answer: No.<br><br></div><div>Longer ans=
wer: After a late-night pizza / scotch / whiteboard session with Eran and a=
 few others last week, I have some more focused asks.=C2=A0 I&#39;ll try to=
 get them written up this afternoon.<br><br></div><div>--Richard<br></div><=
div><br></div></div></div></div>

--001a114b7e2a2e20b00549d5a0cd--


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Cc: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>, Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, trans@ietf.org, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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--001a114d70eef92c350549d5d374
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On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:19 AM, Al Cutter <al@google.com> wrote:

> I thought I'd throw a few things into the discussion...
>
> So, I think what Richard, Nick and Zakir have reinvented, is more or less
> the original plan for how CT was going to work; chains would be submitted,
> and the caller would be told either a) here's your inclusion proof+STH, or
> b) come back and try again in a bit.
> At that time, CAs were understandably wary of blocking their issuance on
> processes with an unbounded (or at least slightly hand-wavy) deadline.
> Enter SCTs, which we we all know and, um, love.
> (You all probably knew that already, and if you've been following or
> involved with CT for a while also probably know a lot of the trade-offs
> that we made in our Google log implementation, mostly swapping speed and
> comfort for quite paranoid levels of redundancy.)
>

Is it possible to "let the market decide" whether STHs can be served in a
reasonable timeframe so we have a chance to figure this out in practice?
For example, what if browsers with a CT policy allowed either SCTs *or*
STHs to qualify?

Logs could optionally offer endpoints that produce STHs immediately upon
logging (in addition to their SCT endpoints), and CAs could see whether
logs can produce STHs at levels of latency and reliability acceptable to
production use.

-- Eric

--001a114d70eef92c350549d5d374
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:19 AM, Al Cutter <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:al@google.com" target=3D"_blank">al@google.com</a>&gt;</span> wr=
ote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border=
-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">I thought I&#39;d t=
hrow a few things into the discussion...=C2=A0<div><br></div><div>So, I thi=
nk what Richard, Nick and Zakir have reinvented, is more or less the origin=
al plan for how CT was going to work; chains would be submitted, and the ca=
ller would be told either a) here&#39;s your inclusion proof+STH, or b) com=
e back and try again in a bit.</div><div>At that time, CAs were understanda=
bly wary of blocking their issuance on processes with an unbounded (or at l=
east slightly hand-wavy) deadline.=C2=A0 Enter SCTs, which we we all know a=
nd, um, love.</div><div>(You all probably knew that already, and if you&#39=
;ve been following or involved with CT for a while also probably know a lot=
 of the trade-offs that we made in our Google log implementation, mostly sw=
apping speed and comfort for quite paranoid levels of redundancy.)</div></d=
iv></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Is it possible to &quot;let the market =
decide&quot; whether STHs can be served in a reasonable timeframe so we hav=
e a chance to figure this out in practice? For example, what if browsers wi=
th a CT policy allowed either SCTs *or* STHs to qualify?=C2=A0</div><div><b=
r></div><div>Logs could optionally offer endpoints that produce STHs immedi=
ately upon logging (in addition to their SCT endpoints), and CAs could see =
whether logs can produce STHs at levels of latency and reliability acceptab=
le to production use.</div><div><br></div><div>-- Eric</div></div>
</div></div>

--001a114d70eef92c350549d5d374--


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 11:15:27 -0500
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To: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Public verification of log behaviour - obtaining proofs
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On Thu, Feb 23, 2017 at 2:31 PM, Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com> wrote:

> I=E2=80=99d like to overview a few options for clients to obtain inclusio=
n proofs
> of log entries (each comprising of the corresponding SCT=E2=80=99s timest=
amp +
> certificate) in a privacy-preserving manner.
>
> The naive approach, of contacting the CT log itself (or a proxy),
> discloses to the operator of the service the certificates each client (as
> defined by IP) observed.
>
> Option 1: DNS-based protocol [1].
> Clients perform two types of queries, under this protocol:
> * Getting the index of an entry.
> * Getting an inclusion proof for entry with the given index.
>
> This protocol preserves the client=E2=80=99s privacy by using the client=
=E2=80=99s
> recursive resolver to proxy the request (rather than directly connecting =
to
> a service) - full privacy analysis is at [2].
>
> An upside of this protocol is that responses to queries generated under
> this protocol are constant and can be cached infinitely - an entry=E2=80=
=99s index
> will never change, as well as the inclusion proof from a particular index
> for a particular tree size.
>
> This is the approach the CT team and Chrome team at Google are working on
> implementing - currently DNS queries are authoritatively resolved by a DN=
S
> front-end of the CT log mirror operated by Google. The intent is to measu=
re
> success rates and validate correct operation under most scenarios, then
> standardize the protocol.
>
> Option 2: SSL Proxy for log traffic.
> Clients connect to a proxy that will relay the TCP connection to the log
> (much like SOCKS5), but perform an SSL handshake with the log. Since the
> connection is coming from the proxy, the log will not learn which clients
> observed which certificate. As the connection is encrypted, the proxy wil=
l
> not learn which clients observed which certificates.
>
> One downside of the protocol is that responses are not cacheable by the
> log / proxy (at least not with a naive implementation). It should be note=
d
> that clients only need to fetch an inclusion proof once per observed
> certificate, not once per connection, and that information can be cached =
on
> the client.
>
> The other downside, and the reason we didn=E2=80=99t implement this appro=
ach at
> Google, is that collusion between the proxy operator and the log operator
> could easily correlate requests to the proxy with requests to the log and
> de-cloak clients.
>
> Note the underlying assumption of clients having up-to-date Signed Tree
> Heads, provided to them by the UA vendor. While the original design calle=
d
> for clients obtaining STHs themselves, having UA vendors push down STHs
> improves the scalability aspect and does not change the threat model (sin=
ce
> clients already trust the UA vendor). If anything, it serves to guarantee
> all clients have the same view of the tree, making it harder for the log =
to
> present split views.
>

I find this option much more appealing than the DNS option.  With Mozilla
hat on, I would probably be willing to support deployment of such a
service.  It doesn't rely on the DNS to provide privacy properties
(something the DNS is not designed for).

Note that this solution still allows the log to associate all of a user's
queries (at least all on the same TLS connection); it just doesn't give it
an IP address to associate to this set.  So I would be slightly happier
queries were encrypted independently, e.g., using S/MIME or JWE.  That will
cost an extra X25519 operation per query and some extra engineering effort,
but seems probably worth it for the additional privacy.

Assuming that logs are going to want to use some sort of caching layer /
CDN, that leaves you with kind of a four-level system:

Browser --- Proxy --- Cache --- Log

... where the query encryption goes from browser to cache.  This is like
2/3 of Tor, but should be a little easier to build :)

--Richard


>
> I=E2=80=99ll post separately about dealing with the result of an inclusio=
n proof
> check.
>
> Eran
>
> [1] https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/
> blob/master/dns/draft-ct-over-dns.md
> [2] https://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/trans/current/msg02617.html
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>
>

--001a114433a69640150549d5da6f
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Thu, Feb 23, 2017 at 2:31 PM, Eran Messeri <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:eranm@google.com" target=3D"_blank">eranm@google.com</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div>I=E2=
=80=99d like to overview a few options for clients to obtain inclusion proo=
fs of log entries (each comprising of the corresponding SCT=E2=80=99s times=
tamp + certificate) in a privacy-preserving manner.</div><div><br></div><di=
v>The naive approach, of contacting the CT log itself (or a proxy), disclos=
es to the operator of the service the certificates each client (as defined =
by IP) observed.</div><div><br></div><div>Option 1: DNS-based protocol [1].=
</div><div>Clients perform two types of queries, under this protocol:</div>=
<div>* Getting the index of an entry.</div><div>* Getting an inclusion proo=
f for entry with the given index.</div><div><br></div><div>This protocol pr=
eserves the client=E2=80=99s privacy by using the client=E2=80=99s recursiv=
e resolver to proxy the request (rather than directly connecting to a servi=
ce) - full privacy analysis is at [2].</div><div><br></div><div>An upside o=
f this protocol is that responses to queries generated under this protocol =
are constant and can be cached infinitely - an entry=E2=80=99s index will n=
ever change, as well as the inclusion proof from a particular index for a p=
articular tree size.</div><div><br></div><div>This is the approach the CT t=
eam and Chrome team at Google are working on implementing - currently DNS q=
ueries are authoritatively resolved by a DNS front-end of the CT log mirror=
 operated by Google. The intent is to measure success rates and validate co=
rrect operation under most scenarios, then standardize the protocol.</div><=
div><br></div><div>Option 2: SSL Proxy for log traffic.</div><div>Clients c=
onnect to a proxy that will relay the TCP connection to the log (much like =
SOCKS5), but perform an SSL handshake with the log. Since the connection is=
 coming from the proxy, the log will not learn which clients observed which=
 certificate. As the connection is encrypted, the proxy will not learn whic=
h clients observed which certificates.</div><div><br></div><div>One downsid=
e of the protocol is that responses are not cacheable by the log / proxy (a=
t least not with a naive implementation). It should be noted that clients o=
nly need to fetch an inclusion proof once per observed certificate, not onc=
e per connection, and that information can be cached on the client.</div><d=
iv><br></div><div>The other downside, and the reason we didn=E2=80=99t impl=
ement this approach at Google, is that collusion between the proxy operator=
 and the log operator could easily correlate requests to the proxy with req=
uests to the log and de-cloak clients.</div><div><br></div><div>Note the un=
derlying assumption of clients having up-to-date Signed Tree Heads, provide=
d to them by the UA vendor. While the original design called for clients ob=
taining STHs themselves, having UA vendors push down STHs improves the scal=
ability aspect and does not change the threat model (since clients already =
trust the UA vendor). If anything, it serves to guarantee all clients have =
the same view of the tree, making it harder for the log to present split vi=
ews.</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I find this option much mo=
re appealing than the DNS option.=C2=A0 With Mozilla hat on, I would probab=
ly be willing to support deployment of such a service.=C2=A0 It doesn&#39;t=
 rely on the DNS to provide privacy properties (something the DNS is not de=
signed for).<br></div><div><br></div><div>Note that this solution still all=
ows the log to associate all of a user&#39;s queries (at least all on the s=
ame TLS connection); it just doesn&#39;t give it an IP address to associate=
 to this set.=C2=A0 So I would be slightly happier queries were encrypted i=
ndependently, e.g., using S/MIME or JWE.=C2=A0 That will cost an extra X255=
19 operation per query and some extra engineering effort, but seems probabl=
y worth it for the additional privacy.<br><br></div><div>Assuming that logs=
 are going to want to use some sort of caching layer / CDN, that leaves you=
 with kind of a four-level system:<br><br></div><div>Browser --- Proxy --- =
Cache --- Log<br><br></div><div>... where the query encryption goes from br=
owser to cache.=C2=A0 This is like 2/3 of Tor, but should be a little easie=
r to build :)<br></div><div><br></div><div>--Richard<br></div><div>=C2=A0</=
div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-lef=
t:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><br></div><div>I=
=E2=80=99ll post separately about dealing with the result of an inclusion p=
roof check.</div><div><br></div><div>Eran</div><div><br></div><div>[1] <a h=
ref=3D"https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency-rfcs/blob/master/=
dns/draft-ct-over-dns.md" target=3D"_blank">https://github.com/google/<wbr>=
certificate-transparency-rfcs/<wbr>blob/master/dns/draft-ct-over-<wbr>dns.m=
d</a></div><div>[2]=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/t=
rans/current/msg02617.html" target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mail-<wb=
r>archive/web/trans/current/<wbr>msg02617.html</a></div><div><br></div></di=
v>
<br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/<wbr>listinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a114433a69640150549d5da6f--


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From: Al Cutter <al@google.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 16:36:55 +0000
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 3:23 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

> Hey Al,
>
> Thanks for chipping in.  I'm not surprised to hear that this stuff is not
> novel :)
>

You're welcome, and yeah - we've been at this a while :)

>
> Since I've got you here, here's one thing I'm confused about: Why don't
> you have the same reliability problems with SCTs?  Before you issue the
> SCT, you've got to be really sure that you've got that cert and it's going
> to make it into the log.
>

Because this decouples the acceptance (distributed) side from the (serial)
sequencing side.
So, for example, our first generation logs do this for every add-*chain:
 - write to a journal file in a quorum of geographically distributed
datacentres, if that fails, return an error to the CA
 - write the requested cert to the queue of things to integrate (which is
also a distributed store, Megastore in ye olde logs, and Spanner nowadays),
if that fails, journal it and return an error to the CA
 - write "Win!" to the journal, and return the SCT to the CA, otherwise
return an error.

You're probably thinking that's bordering on the excessively paranoid, and
I'm not going to argue, but I hope you'd agree that we've got your cert, or
at least told you otherwise.  Note that to do this doesn't **require**
global consensus (unless you promise not to include dupes in your log).

So I get to stay available, potentially even in the event of loss of global
consensus, and certainly in the case where the dog ate my signer, it's just
that I only have twentyish hours in which to sort it out (rather than a
handful of seconds).


>
> The only difference we're talking about here is that in addition to that
> append operation, you also have a read
>

Well, you have a transactional operation consisting of a read and one or
more writes which must all be [globally] strongly consistent or you'll fork
your tree, which is a bit different.

operation.  Either way, you have a stack of things you're appending to,
> either a stack of just certs or a stack of (cert, frontier) pairs.  In the
> SCT case, you have to reliably push a cert onto the stack.  In the no-MMD
> case, you have to peek at the top of the stack to get the last frontier,
> then push the new (cert, frontier) pair.  That does extend the scope of the
> transaction a bit, but it certainly doesn't seem like it should take you
> from "effectively instantaneous" to "we'll get back to you tomorrow".
>

How do you this in practice?
 - have a single webserver handling all the add requests and sequencing
in-line?
 - have lots of webservers all internally RPC to a single "sequencing"
server?

What happens when they catch fire?
Failover - you're down until everything is back up and running, you can
probably do that in O(tens of seconds) say (you really don't want multiple
of these things believing they're the one and only though, so do it
properly), and depending on your storage infrastructure your master
node/group leader/whatever could be far away from the new location slowing
these operations down until it migrates or your old machines come back.

 - Have all your frontends try to transactionally update the tree state
when they get a request
At anything above very noddy add-chain rates (i.e. where they're arriving
in parallel to different frontends) you're going to fail almost all of
these transactions because they have to be strongly consistent or you fork
your tree.

Like I said, I really love the idea of embedding proofs, and I even think
it's likely to be technically doable with Trillian based logs at a broadly
acceptable latency, but only with the ecosystem evolution I mentioned in
the last mail.
Modulo the STH frequency thing, I'm not aware of a reason why -bis can't
support that in its current state, although certainly if this is something
which were desired/not universally despised then the text around the
add-chain (or whatever it's called in -bis) method could perhaps be widened
to allow for returning TransItems containing things other than X.509 SCTs
for example.  But I believe you could compose several calls to get a
similar result as it stands currently.


> Am I misunderstanding how reliability works for SCTs?  If you have a
> reliability problem with updating the tree in this way, don't you already
> have a reliability problem with SCTs?
>

Maybe, a little bit :)
But I wouldn't hold it against you or anyone else who hasn't already built
and operated a Log at scale.


>
>
> --Richard
>
>
> On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:19 AM, Al Cutter <al@google.com> wrote:
>
>> I thought I'd throw a few things into the discussion...
>>
>> So, I think what Richard, Nick and Zakir have reinvented, is more or less
>> the original plan for how CT was going to work; chains would be submitted,
>> and the caller would be told either a) here's your inclusion proof+STH, or
>> b) come back and try again in a bit.
>> At that time, CAs were understandably wary of blocking their issuance on
>> processes with an unbounded (or at least slightly hand-wavy) deadline.
>> Enter SCTs, which we we all know and, um, love.
>> (You all probably knew that already, and if you've been following or
>> involved with CT for a while also probably know a lot of the trade-offs
>> that we made in our Google log implementation, mostly swapping speed and
>> comfort for quite paranoid levels of redundancy.)
>>
>> As I said during the talk Pierre and I gave at the start of the CT policy
>> days about running logs at scale, personally, I really like the idea of
>> serving proofs directly (I think I said something along the lines of it
>> holding a special place in my heart) and I suspect that's at least in part
>> what's triggered this to resurface.
>>
>> To detour for a moment, Richard's right in that you certainly can update
>> Merkle trees in real time, and very quickly - in fact, if you forgo the
>> full-fat Merkle tree and use what we term a "compact" merkle tree (see
>> github [1] for details - I believe this is what Richard describes as his
>> "frontier" tree), then you can update it at many hundreds of thousands of
>> qps, when you start trying to actually store and sign things it slows down
>> a fair bit, but depending on storage layer/layout/and whatnots you could
>> still reasonably expect to be able to do many thousands per second.
>> Obviously as you crank the hypothetical lever away from "low reliability"
>> (perhaps not really useful* in the current CT system, but impressively
>> fast) over to "reliable and globally consistent" things slow down further,
>> but our recent experiences with Trillian suggest that you can still do this
>> sort of thing at multiple hundreds to a couple of thousand qps if you're
>> willing to batch a bit (Trillian has levers too, in particular to trade off
>> between throughput, scale, and low integration latency, but we need to do
>> more testing to better understand the full implications.)
>>
>> Back to the policy day; the next thing I said after sharing my wistful
>> dreams, was that I felt that in order for anything like those dreams to
>> become reality there would need to be changes in the ecosystem, the ones I
>> called out in particular were that we'd need to have many logs, and that
>> they'd need to be open.  The reason for this, which I think I didn't go
>> into any detail about and Ryan has touched on above, is because cold hard
>> operational reality has a habit of crashing through the door whenever
>> there's something I'd like to have - things like machines failing, software
>> updates (even rolling ones), bugs, master elections, network partitions,
>> and Stuff, all mean that you will not *always* be able to have your
>> throughput, and there *will* be stretches of time you are completely unable
>> to update your tree (I'm assuming the local/global level is pulled over
>> towards the global side here). If the ecosystem has sufficient open logs
>> and CAs were all attempting to log in parallel to sufficiently large subset
>> of those, they maybe that's fine and it turns out to be overwhelmingly
>> likely that there are enough logs not having a bad day for the world to
>> roll on.
>>
>> I think none of this dream world is in conflict with the current state of
>> -bis, other than possibly that requirement to limit STH issuance to one per
>> hour. I understand why it got put in, but I do wonder if it really belongs
>> in the Gossip doc rather than -bis where it's potentially discouraging This
>> Sort of Thing.
>>
>> Anyway, I just thought I'd chip in with some colour.
>>
>>
>> [1] https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency/blob/
>> master/cpp/merkletree/compact_merkle_tree.h
>>
>> On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:37 AM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:
>>
>>>
>>>
>>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 5:38 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>>>
>>>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
>>>> wrote:
>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>>>>>>
>>>>>> In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay and the MMD are
>>>>>> essential properties of this system.
>>>>>>
>>>>>
>>>>> I'm confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I've misunderstood.
>>>>>
>>>>> Can you explain how this statement differs, from say a discussion
>>>>> about keeping a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can have
>>>>> amazing QPS - but terrible reliability. It sounds like you're describing
>>>>> that you've built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are using that
>>>>> as proof that reliability is not a critical property?
>>>>>
>>>>
>>>> That's part of why I used Spanner as one of our test points.  At least
>>>> according to Al at the CT policy days, that's what his team is using as
>>>> storage for their logs.  So presumably it's suitably reliable?
>>>>
>>>> I'm definitely willing to admit there's a trade-off here.  My point is
>>>> just that the reliability requirements are not inconsistent with a
>>>> sufficiently high transaction rate to serve existing needs.
>>>>
>>>
>>> Again, I'm confused as to how you reach that conclusion, so apologies if
>>> I'm just dense here.
>>>
>>> You've compared an extremely reliable, globally consistent storage
>>> system and established one bound (10qps) for your idea. You've then
>>> compared an extremely unreliable, globally inconsistent storage system and
>>> established another bound (60qps-200qps)
>>>
>>> I'm not sure why you've introduced the unreliable system - which has
>>> SPOF written all over it - or how it relates to this proposal. Are you
>>> suggesting that reliability is no longer necessary?
>>>
>>> Assuming reliability is necessary, and we accept 10qps for 'extremely
>>> high' reliability, and 60qps for 'extremely low reliability', doesn't your
>>> solution only provide value iff the growth rate of the ecosystem is
>>> somewhere within these bounds? Are you asserting that "10-60 qps should be
>>> enough for everyone"?
>>>
>>> I guess what I'm trying to figure out is what the consequence of this
>>> experiment is - are you proposing change? Because aren't those bounds only
>>> relevant to the specific experiment you did, which is related to your
>>> proposed solution for STH-on-every-cert?
>>>
>>> I apologize if I'm simply dense from what this implementation feedback
>>> is related to, or understanding the objective of this experiment. You
>>> suggest it may be feasible, but I see those numbers and reach the opposite
>>> conclusion, so I'm trying to understand where I'm misunderstanding.
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Trans mailing list
>>> Trans@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>>>
>>>
>>
>

--001a114d70ee5e5c6e0549d62731
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 3:23 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a=
 href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wro=
te:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;=
border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><=
div>Hey Al,<br><br></div><div>Thanks for chipping in.=C2=A0 I&#39;m not sur=
prised to hear that this stuff is not novel :)<br></div></div></blockquote>=
<div><br></div><div>You&#39;re welcome, and yeah - we&#39;ve been at this a=
 while :)=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px =
0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div=
 dir=3D"ltr"><div></div><div><br></div><div>Since I&#39;ve got you here, he=
re&#39;s one thing I&#39;m confused about: Why don&#39;t you have the same =
reliability problems with SCTs?=C2=A0 Before you issue the SCT, you&#39;ve =
got to be really sure that you&#39;ve got that cert and it&#39;s going to m=
ake it into the log.<br></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Becaus=
e this decouples the acceptance (distributed) side from the (serial) sequen=
cing side.</div><div>So, for example, our first generation logs do this for=
 every add-*chain:</div><div>=C2=A0- write to a journal file in a quorum of=
 geographically distributed datacentres, if that fails, return an error to =
the CA</div><div>=C2=A0- write the requested cert to the queue of things to=
 integrate (which is also a distributed store, Megastore in ye olde logs, a=
nd Spanner nowadays), if that fails, journal it and return an error to the =
CA</div><div>=C2=A0- write &quot;Win!&quot; to the journal, and return the =
SCT to the CA, otherwise return an error.</div><div><br></div><div>You&#39;=
re probably thinking that&#39;s bordering on the excessively paranoid, and =
I&#39;m not going to argue, but I hope you&#39;d agree that we&#39;ve got y=
our cert, or at least told you otherwise.=C2=A0 Note that to do this doesn&=
#39;t *<i>require*</i> global consensus (unless you promise not to include =
dupes in your log). =C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>So I get to stay availa=
ble, potentially even in the event of loss of global consensus, and certain=
ly in the case where the dog ate my signer, it&#39;s just that I only have =
twentyish hours in which to sort it out (rather than a handful of seconds).=
</div><div>=C2=A0<br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margi=
n:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex=
"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><br>The only difference we&#39;re talking about her=
e is that in addition to that append operation, you also have a read</div><=
/div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Well, you have a transactional operat=
ion consisting of a read and one or more writes which must all be [globally=
] strongly consistent or you&#39;ll fork your tree, which is a bit differen=
t.</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0p=
x 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><d=
iv dir=3D"ltr"><div>operation.=C2=A0 Either way, you have a stack of things=
 you&#39;re appending to, either a stack of just certs or a stack of (cert,=
 frontier) pairs.=C2=A0 In the SCT case, you have to reliably push a cert o=
nto the stack.=C2=A0 In the no-MMD case, you have to peek at the top of the=
 stack to get the last frontier, then push the new (cert, frontier) pair.=
=C2=A0 That does extend the scope of the transaction a bit, but it certainl=
y doesn&#39;t seem like it should take you from &quot;effectively instantan=
eous&quot; to &quot;we&#39;ll get back to you tomorrow&quot;.</div></div></=
blockquote><div><br></div><div>How do you this in practice?=C2=A0</div><div=
>=C2=A0- have a single webserver handling all the add requests and sequenci=
ng in-line?</div><div>=C2=A0- have lots of webservers all internally RPC to=
 a single &quot;sequencing&quot; server?</div><div><br></div><div>What happ=
ens when they catch fire?<br></div><div>Failover - you&#39;re down until ev=
erything is back up and running, you can probably do that in O(tens of seco=
nds) say (you really don&#39;t want multiple of these things believing they=
&#39;re the one and only though, so do it properly), and depending on your =
storage infrastructure your master node/group leader/whatever could be far =
away from the new location slowing these operations down until it migrates =
or your old machines come back.</div><div><br></div><div>=C2=A0- Have all y=
our frontends try to transactionally update the tree state when they get a =
request</div><div>At anything above very noddy add-chain rates (i.e. where =
they&#39;re arriving in parallel to different frontends) you&#39;re going t=
o fail almost all of these transactions because they have to be strongly co=
nsistent or you fork your tree.</div><div><br></div><div>Like I said, I rea=
lly love the idea of embedding proofs, and I even think it&#39;s likely to =
be technically doable with Trillian based logs at a broadly acceptable late=
ncy, but only with the ecosystem evolution I mentioned in the last mail.=C2=
=A0</div><div>Modulo the STH frequency thing, I&#39;m not aware of a reason=
 why -bis can&#39;t support that in its current state, although certainly i=
f this is something which were desired/not universally despised then the te=
xt around the add-chain (or whatever it&#39;s called in -bis) method could =
perhaps be widened to allow for returning TransItems containing things othe=
r than X.509 SCTs for example.=C2=A0 But I believe you could compose severa=
l calls to get a similar result as it stands currently.</div><div><br></div=
><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border=
-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><b=
r></div><div>Am I misunderstanding how reliability works for SCTs?=C2=A0 If=
 you have a reliability problem with updating the tree in this way, don&#39=
;t you already have a reliability problem with SCTs?</div></div></blockquot=
e><div><br></div><div>Maybe, a little bit :)</div><div>But I wouldn&#39;t h=
old it against you or anyone else who hasn&#39;t already built and operated=
 a Log at scale.</div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" st=
yle=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padd=
ing-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><span class=3D"gmail-HOEnZb"><font colo=
r=3D"#888888"><br></font></span></div><span class=3D"gmail-HOEnZb"><font co=
lor=3D"#888888"><div><br></div><div>--Richard<br></div><div><br></div></fon=
t></span></div><div class=3D"gmail-HOEnZb"><div class=3D"gmail-h5"><div cla=
ss=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 5:=
19 AM, Al Cutter <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:al@google.com" tar=
get=3D"_blank">al@google.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"=
gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(20=
4,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">I thought I&#39;d throw a few=
 things into the discussion...=C2=A0<div><br></div><div>So, I think what Ri=
chard, Nick and Zakir have reinvented, is more or less the original plan fo=
r how CT was going to work; chains would be submitted, and the caller would=
 be told either a) here&#39;s your inclusion proof+STH, or b) come back and=
 try again in a bit.</div><div>At that time, CAs were understandably wary o=
f blocking their issuance on processes with an unbounded (or at least sligh=
tly hand-wavy) deadline.=C2=A0 Enter SCTs, which we we all know and, um, lo=
ve.</div><div>(You all probably knew that already, and if you&#39;ve been f=
ollowing or involved with CT for a while also probably know a lot of the tr=
ade-offs that we made in our Google log implementation, mostly swapping spe=
ed and comfort for quite paranoid levels of redundancy.)</div><div><br></di=
v><div>As I said during the talk Pierre and I gave at the start of the CT p=
olicy days about running logs at scale, personally, I really like the idea =
of serving proofs directly (I think I said something along the lines of it =
holding a special place in my heart) and I suspect that&#39;s at least in p=
art what&#39;s triggered this to resurface.</div><div><br></div><div>To det=
our for a moment, Richard&#39;s right in that you certainly can update Merk=
le trees in real time, and very quickly - in fact, if you forgo the full-fa=
t Merkle tree and use what we term a &quot;compact&quot; merkle tree (see g=
ithub [1] for details - I believe this is what Richard describes as his &qu=
ot;frontier&quot; tree), then you can update it at many hundreds of thousan=
ds of qps, when you start trying to actually store and sign things it slows=
 down a fair bit, but depending on storage layer/layout/and whatnots you co=
uld still reasonably expect to be able to do many thousands per second.=C2=
=A0 Obviously as you crank the hypothetical lever away from &quot;low relia=
bility&quot; (perhaps not really useful* in the current CT system, but impr=
essively fast) over to &quot;reliable and globally consistent&quot; things =
slow down further, but our recent experiences with Trillian suggest that yo=
u can still do this sort of thing at multiple hundreds to a couple of thous=
and qps if you&#39;re willing to batch a bit (Trillian has levers too, in p=
articular to trade off between throughput, scale, and low integration laten=
cy, but we need to do more testing to better understand the full implicatio=
ns.)</div><div>=C2=A0</div><div>Back to the policy day; the next thing I sa=
id after sharing my wistful dreams, was that I felt that in order for anyth=
ing like those dreams to become reality there would need to be changes in t=
he ecosystem, the ones I called out in particular were that we&#39;d need t=
o have many logs, and that they&#39;d need to be open.=C2=A0 The reason for=
 this, which I think I didn&#39;t go into any detail about and Ryan has tou=
ched on above, is because cold hard operational reality has a habit of cras=
hing through the door whenever there&#39;s something I&#39;d like to have -=
 things like machines failing, software updates (even rolling ones), bugs, =
master elections, network partitions, and Stuff, all mean that you will not=
 *always* be able to have your throughput, and there *will* be stretches of=
 time you are completely unable to update your tree (I&#39;m assuming the l=
ocal/global level is pulled over towards the global side here). If the ecos=
ystem has sufficient open logs and CAs were all attempting to log in parall=
el to sufficiently large subset of those, they maybe that&#39;s fine and it=
 turns out to be overwhelmingly likely that there are enough logs not havin=
g a bad day for the world to roll on.=C2=A0</div><div><br></div><div>I thin=
k none of this dream world is in conflict with the current state of -bis, o=
ther than possibly that requirement to limit STH issuance to one per hour. =
I understand why it got put in, but I do wonder if it really belongs in the=
 Gossip doc rather than -bis where it&#39;s potentially discouraging This S=
ort of Thing.</div><div><br></div><div>Anyway, I just thought I&#39;d chip =
in with some colour.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>[1]=C2=A0<a hr=
ef=3D"https://github.com/google/certificate-transparency/blob/master/cpp/me=
rkletree/compact_merkle_tree.h" target=3D"_blank">https://github.com/google=
/<wbr>certificate-transparency/blob/<wbr>master/cpp/merkletree/compact_<wbr=
>merkle_tree.h</a></div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"=
gmail_quote"><div><div class=3D"gmail-m_-318742846395251731h5">On Fri, Mar =
3, 2017 at 5:37 AM, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rya=
n-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</a>&gt;</span> wr=
ote:<br></div></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div>=
<div class=3D"gmail-m_-318742846395251731h5"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div clas=
s=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span>On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 =
at 5:38 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.=
sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=
=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rg=
b(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div class=3D"gmail-=
m_-318742846395251731m_4391618216350226139m_8361057672389783664h5">On Thu, =
Mar 2, 2017 at 8:04 PM, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto=
:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</a>&gt;</span=
> wrote:<br></div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quot=
e"><div><div class=3D"gmail-m_-318742846395251731m_4391618216350226139m_836=
1057672389783664h5"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0=
px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div =
dir=3D"ltr"><span><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_qu=
ote">On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 3:58 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<=
a href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wr=
ote:<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;bor=
der-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div=
><div><div><div><div>In any case, we should stop thinking that log delay an=
d the MMD are essential properties of this system.</div></div></div></div><=
/div></div></blockquote></div><br></div></span><div class=3D"gmail_extra">I=
&#39;m confused by this conclusion, and apologies if I&#39;ve misunderstood=
.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">Can =
you explain how this statement differs, from say a discussion about keeping=
 a database in RAM and never flushing to disk? You can have amazing QPS - b=
ut terrible reliability. It sounds like you&#39;re describing that you&#39;=
ve built an unreliable, but efficient, system, and are using that as proof =
that reliability is not a critical property?</div></div></blockquote><div><=
br></div></div></div><div>That&#39;s part of why I used Spanner as one of o=
ur test points.=C2=A0 At least according to Al at the CT policy days, that&=
#39;s what his team is using as storage for their logs.=C2=A0 So presumably=
 it&#39;s suitably reliable? <br></div></div><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_=
extra">I&#39;m definitely willing to admit there&#39;s a trade-off here.=C2=
=A0 My point is just that the reliability requirements are not inconsistent=
 with a sufficiently high transaction rate to serve existing needs.</div></=
div></blockquote><div><br></div></span><div>Again, I&#39;m confused as to h=
ow you reach that conclusion, so apologies if I&#39;m just dense here.</div=
><div><br></div><div>You&#39;ve compared an extremely reliable, globally co=
nsistent storage system and established one bound (10qps) for your idea. Yo=
u&#39;ve then compared an extremely unreliable, globally inconsistent stora=
ge system and established another bound (60qps-200qps)</div><div><br></div>=
<div>I&#39;m not sure why you&#39;ve introduced the unreliable system - whi=
ch has SPOF written all over it - or how it relates to this proposal. Are y=
ou suggesting that reliability is no longer necessary?</div><div><br></div>=
<div>Assuming reliability is necessary, and we accept 10qps for &#39;extrem=
ely high&#39; reliability, and 60qps for &#39;extremely low reliability&#39=
;, doesn&#39;t your solution only provide value iff the growth rate of the =
ecosystem is somewhere within these bounds? Are you asserting that &quot;10=
-60 qps should be enough for everyone&quot;?</div><div><br></div><div>I gue=
ss what I&#39;m trying to figure out is what the consequence of this experi=
ment is - are you proposing change? Because aren&#39;t those bounds only re=
levant to the specific experiment you did, which is related to your propose=
d solution for STH-on-every-cert?</div><div><br></div><div>I apologize if I=
&#39;m simply dense from what this implementation feedback is related to, o=
r understanding the objective of this experiment. You suggest it may be fea=
sible, but I see those numbers and reach the opposite conclusion, so I&#39;=
m trying to understand where I&#39;m misunderstanding.</div></div></div></d=
iv>
<br></div></div>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/l<wbr>istinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div>
</blockquote></div><br></div>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a114d70ee5e5c6e0549d62731--


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 13:24:51 -0500
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Subject: [Trans] STH Discipline & Security Considerations
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--f403045e9ace5c98420549d7a9e3
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Hey all,

I wanted to follow up on my earlier comments and a bunch of side
conversations
I've had with people since then with a revised change proposal that I think
can
get -rfc6962-bis to a point we can live with.

tl;dr:
1. We/Mozilla can live with the Merkle tree for now, though we/community
might
   ultimately want something different later
2. At a systemic level, we need to move toward servers providing inclusion
   proofs, but -rfc6962-bis provides sufficient tools for this
3. We need to better document "STH discipline", and define a "canonical STH"
   for each element in the log
4. We need to update the security considerations to describe more clearly
the
   implications of various levels of auditing

I'm willing to write up a PR for (2); EKR has volunteered for (3).


# Auditing Models

There are basically two approaches to auditing available to clients:

1. Prospective: Browser does auditing checks at TLS connection time
2. Retrospective: Browser does auditing checks after TLS connection time

Prospective checking provides better assurance than retrospective, since it
prevents any harm that would come from a mis-issued, improperly-attested
certificate.  The cost is that the server has to send enough information the
cert and the browser has to cache enough information about the log that the
two
can be married up without further requests.

In practice, however, it looks like some degree of retrospective checking
will
be necessary even in browsers that support the cache enough information for
prospective checking.  On the one hand, if an inclusion proof can't be
embedded
in a cert, then we can't count on all server operators providing it (via
OCSP /
TLS).  On the other hand, including proofs in certs imposes issuance delays
that will not be acceptable in many circumstances, even if it is O(minutes).

And given Eran's SSL proxy proposal, with the amendments I suggested, I'm
now
pretty well convinced that the fetches you need for retrospective validation
can be done privately with something short of Tor (just).  The scalability
problems are bad, but probably ultimately workable.

It should be clear that either of these models work much better if the
server
provides inclusion proofs.  Together with the STH discipline notions below,
this would enable prospective auditing for all but very new certificates if
a
browser is willing to cache STHs.  Even in cases where CT information must
be
fetched, having the server send an inclusion proof would mean that the only
fetch would be for consistency, which is a less privacy-sensitive, more
cacheable query.


# STH Discipline

Either style of auditing also works better if logs have a notion of "STH
discipline", in the following sense:

1. The official state of the log comprises a sequence of STHs issued at
   specified intervals.

2. For each certificate in the log, there is a single "canonical STH" to
which
   the log will produce an inclusion proof.  Proofs to other STHs are done
by
   adding a consistency proof to the inclusion proof.

This property makes things work more smoothly in both auditing models:

- If the browser is willing to cache STHs, this tells the browser exactly
which
  STHs it needs to cache in order to validate all inclusion proofs.

- Everything is more cacheable, since there's only one inclusion proof per
  certificate, and a limited set of heads among which consistency needs to
be
  calculated.

- Cacheability means that the fetches of inclusion proofs get greater
privacy
  benefit from caching, since they depend only on the certificate, not the
STH
  that the client is using.  Likewise for consistency proofs, because of the
  reduced variety.

>From a protocol point of view, I haven't done a thorough evaluation of the
document, but there are at least a few things you would want to make this
model
work:

- Prose that articulates the above bounds on logs / inclusion proofs / STHs.
  Probably a notion of "STH issuance frequency" parallel to MMD.

- A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the certificate in
  question.  Possibly a serial number in STH that SCTs could refer to.

- An API endpoint for fetching STHs in the official sequence (in addition to
  the current one, which is the only option right now).

If this line of thinking sounds generally sane to people, I'll take a pass
through the document and make some concrete proposals.

Thanks,
--Richard

--f403045e9ace5c98420549d7a9e3
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">Hey all,<br><br>I wanted to follow up on my earlier commen=
ts and a bunch of side conversations<br>I&#39;ve had with people since then=
 with a revised change proposal that I think can<br>get -rfc6962-bis to a p=
oint we can live with.<br><br>tl;dr:<br>1. We/Mozilla can live with the Mer=
kle tree for now, though we/community might<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 ultimately want=
 something different later<br>2. At a systemic level, we need to move towar=
d servers providing inclusion<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 proofs, but -rfc6962-bis prov=
ides sufficient tools for this<br>3. We need to better document &quot;STH d=
iscipline&quot;, and define a &quot;canonical STH&quot;<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 for=
 each element in the log<br>4. We need to update the security consideration=
s to describe more clearly the<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 implications of various leve=
ls of auditing<br><br>I&#39;m willing to write up a PR for (2); EKR has vol=
unteered for (3).<br><br><br># Auditing Models<br><br>There are basically t=
wo approaches to auditing available to clients:<br><br>1. Prospective: Brow=
ser does auditing checks at TLS connection time<br>2. Retrospective: Browse=
r does auditing checks after TLS connection time<br><br>Prospective checkin=
g provides better assurance than retrospective, since it<br>prevents any ha=
rm that would come from a mis-issued, improperly-attested<br>certificate.=
=C2=A0 The cost is that the server has to send enough information the<br>ce=
rt and the browser has to cache enough information about the log that the t=
wo<br>can be married up without further requests.<br><br>In practice, howev=
er, it looks like some degree of retrospective checking will<br>be necessar=
y even in browsers that support the cache enough information for<br>prospec=
tive checking.=C2=A0 On the one hand, if an inclusion proof can&#39;t be em=
bedded<br>in a cert, then we can&#39;t count on all server operators provid=
ing it (via OCSP /<br>TLS).=C2=A0 On the other hand, including proofs in ce=
rts imposes issuance delays<br>that will not be acceptable in many circumst=
ances, even if it is O(minutes).<br><br>And given Eran&#39;s SSL proxy prop=
osal, with the amendments I suggested, I&#39;m now<br>pretty well convinced=
 that the fetches you need for retrospective validation<br>can be done priv=
ately with something short of Tor (just).=C2=A0 The scalability<br>problems=
 are bad, but probably ultimately workable.<br><br>It should be clear that =
either of these models work much better if the server<br>provides inclusion=
 proofs.=C2=A0 Together with the STH discipline notions below,<br>this woul=
d enable prospective auditing for all but very new certificates if a<br>bro=
wser is willing to cache STHs.=C2=A0 Even in cases where CT information mus=
t be<br>fetched, having the server send an inclusion proof would mean that =
the only<br>fetch would be for consistency, which is a less privacy-sensiti=
ve, more<br>cacheable query.<br><br><br># STH Discipline<br><br>Either styl=
e of auditing also works better if logs have a notion of &quot;STH<br>disci=
pline&quot;, in the following sense:<br><br>1. The official state of the lo=
g comprises a sequence of STHs issued at<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 specified interval=
s.<br><br>2. For each certificate in the log, there is a single &quot;canon=
ical STH&quot; to which<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 the log will produce an inclusion p=
roof.=C2=A0 Proofs to other STHs are done by<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 adding a consi=
stency proof to the inclusion proof.<br><br>This property makes things work=
 more smoothly in both auditing models:<br><br>- If the browser is willing =
to cache STHs, this tells the browser exactly which<br>=C2=A0 STHs it needs=
 to cache in order to validate all inclusion proofs.<br><br>- Everything is=
 more cacheable, since there&#39;s only one inclusion proof per<br>=C2=A0 c=
ertificate, and a limited set of heads among which consistency needs to be<=
br>=C2=A0 calculated.<br><br>- Cacheability means that the fetches of inclu=
sion proofs get greater privacy<br>=C2=A0 benefit from caching, since they =
depend only on the certificate, not the STH<br>=C2=A0 that the client is us=
ing.=C2=A0 Likewise for consistency proofs, because of the<br>=C2=A0 reduce=
d variety.<br><br>From a protocol point of view, I haven&#39;t done a thoro=
ugh evaluation of the<br>document, but there are at least a few things you =
would want to make this model<br>work:<br><br>- Prose that articulates the =
above bounds on logs / inclusion proofs / STHs.<br>=C2=A0 Probably a notion=
 of &quot;STH issuance frequency&quot; parallel to MMD.<br><br>- A field in=
 an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the certificate in<br>=C2=A0 q=
uestion.=C2=A0 Possibly a serial number in STH that SCTs could refer to.<br=
><br>- An API endpoint for fetching STHs in the official sequence (in addit=
ion to<br>=C2=A0 the current one, which is the only option right now).<br><=
br>If this line of thinking sounds generally sane to people, I&#39;ll take =
a pass<br>through the document and make some concrete proposals.<br><br>Tha=
nks,<br>--Richard</div>

--f403045e9ace5c98420549d7a9e3--


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Date: Fri, 3 Mar 2017 11:08:23 -0800
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
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Cc: Zakir Durumeric <zakir@umich.edu>, trans@ietf.org, Nick Sullivan <nick@cloudflare.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On Thu, 2 Mar 2017 22:29:11 -0500
Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

> On Thu, Mar 2, 2017 at 8:55 PM, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
> wrote:
> 
> > Hi Richard,
> >
> > On Thu, 2 Mar 2017 18:58:49 -0500
> > Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
> >
> > > On the third hand, it may be possible to hack around even this.
> > > Even if logs are checkpointed, so that only some tree heads are
> > > "official" and used by clients/auditors, the log could produce a
> > > consistency proof to the last official head at ingress time,
> > > which would provide the client/auditor some assurance that the
> > > cert fits into the global history, which could be verified when
> > > the next official tree head comes out.
> >
> > This sounds interesting - could you elaborate?
> >
> 
> (To be clear: Credit for this idea goes to Zakir, I'm just recapping.)
> 
> Obviously, every time you add a cert to the Merkle tree, you get a
> new tree head.  Say a log produces "official" tree heads ever 5 certs
> and all official heads get sync'ed out to clients, who cache them
> all.  (Just for the sake of argument; obviously you could also
> fetch.)  So you would have a history something like this:
> 
> O1 - H2 - H3 - H4 - H5 - O6 - H7 - H8 - ...
> 
> At the time the fourth certificate (C4) is added, the log can produce
> two things:
> 
> 1. An inclusion proof from C4 to H4
> 2. A consistency proof from O1 to H4
> 
> If these can be provided to the client (say in the cert or stapled
> OCSP) and the client has O1, then the client can verify that there is
> a causal link between the two.  This is slightly better than an SCT
> (e.g., it can't be back-dated to before O1), but doesn't prevent
> forked history.  In order to prevent that, the client still has to
> verify that the head H4 is "forward consistent" with the next tree
> head O6.
> 
> So you still need to get a consistency proof that proves that H4 is
> consistent with O6.  You can do that by fetching it from the log, but
> that's no better from a privacy / log scaling POV than fetching
> inclusion proofs.

Due to the need to get a consistency proof for the intermediate head,
I don't see how this is any better than SCTs - this proposal just swaps
SCTs with intermediate heads and inclusion proofs with consistency
proofs.  The backdating prevention isn't compelling, because a
malicious log can just fork off history from an earlier official SCT if
it wants to backdate an entry.

> It would be lovely if the consistency proof between O1 and O6 could
> also be used to verify any intermediate heads you have, since then
> the client could just sync down the consistency between official
> heads and use that to check the intermediates.  TBH, I don't have
> good enough intuition for consistency proofs to know whether this
> works off the top of my head, and I haven't sat down to figure it out.

Unfortunately, a consistency proof does not contain enough
information to do this - the proof contains the minimal number
of hashes needed, so entire subtrees tend to get condensed into their
root hash.

Regards,
Andrew


From nobody Fri Mar  3 11:09:53 2017
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From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] STH Discipline & Security Considerations
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On Fri, 3 Mar 2017 13:24:51 -0500
Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

> # STH Discipline
> 
> Either style of auditing also works better if logs have a notion of
> "STH discipline", in the following sense:
> 
> 1. The official state of the log comprises a sequence of STHs issued
> at specified intervals.
> 
> 2. For each certificate in the log, there is a single "canonical STH"
> to which
>    the log will produce an inclusion proof.

To be clear, would there still be a way to get inclusion proofs to
non-canonical STHs?  Clients wouldn't have to use them if they didn't
want to.

> Proofs to other STHs are
> done by
>    adding a consistency proof to the inclusion proof.
> 
> This property makes things work more smoothly in both auditing models:
> 
> - If the browser is willing to cache STHs, this tells the browser
> exactly which
>   STHs it needs to cache in order to validate all inclusion proofs.
> 
> - Everything is more cacheable, since there's only one inclusion
> proof per certificate, and a limited set of heads among which
> consistency needs to be
>   calculated.
> 
> - Cacheability means that the fetches of inclusion proofs get greater
> privacy
>   benefit from caching, since they depend only on the certificate,
> not the STH
>   that the client is using.  Likewise for consistency proofs, because
> of the reduced variety.
> 
> >From a protocol point of view, I haven't done a thorough evaluation
> >of the
> document, but there are at least a few things you would want to make
> this model
> work:
> 
> - Prose that articulates the above bounds on logs / inclusion
> proofs / STHs. Probably a notion of "STH issuance frequency" parallel
> to MMD.
> 
> - A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the
> certificate in question.  Possibly a serial number in STH that SCTs
> could refer to.

Is this necessary?  Why not define the canonical STH as the first STH
issued after the SCT (based on timestamp)?

> - An API endpoint for fetching STHs in the official sequence (in
> addition to the current one, which is the only option right now).

+1. I think any privacy-preserving auditing mechanism will need such an
endpoint so that STHs can be reliably distributed to clients.

Regards,
Andrew


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To: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On Thu, Mar 02, 2017 at 06:58:49PM -0500, Richard Barnes wrote:
> The upshot is that this style of logging seems eminently feasible.  Almost
> all CT logs are growing at well less than 10qps [2], and even Let's Encrypt
> on its worst days only generates about 115qps.  And I have pretty high
> confidence that if you actually put some thought into designing the storage
> scheme, you could get some additional margin here.

Let's encrypt seems to be doing around 1M per day on "its worst
days", which is still only in the range of 10 per second.


Kurt


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Subject: Re: [Trans] STH Discipline & Security Considerations
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On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 6:24 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

> Hey all,
>
> I wanted to follow up on my earlier comments and a bunch of side
> conversations
> I've had with people since then with a revised change proposal that I
> think can
> get -rfc6962-bis to a point we can live with.
>
> tl;dr:
> 1. We/Mozilla can live with the Merkle tree for now, though we/community
> might
>    ultimately want something different later
> 2. At a systemic level, we need to move toward servers providing inclusion
>    proofs, but -rfc6962-bis provides sufficient tools for this
> 3. We need to better document "STH discipline", and define a "canonical
> STH"
>    for each element in the log
> 4. We need to update the security considerations to describe more clearly
> the
>    implications of various levels of auditing
>
> I'm willing to write up a PR for (2); EKR has volunteered for (3).
>
>
> # Auditing Models
>
> There are basically two approaches to auditing available to clients:
>
> 1. Prospective: Browser does auditing checks at TLS connection time
> 2. Retrospective: Browser does auditing checks after TLS connection time
>
> Prospective checking provides better assurance than retrospective, since it
> prevents any harm that would come from a mis-issued, improperly-attested
> certificate.  The cost is that the server has to send enough information
> the
> cert and the browser has to cache enough information about the log that
> the two
> can be married up without further requests.
>
> In practice, however, it looks like some degree of retrospective checking
> will
> be necessary even in browsers that support the cache enough information for
> prospective checking.  On the one hand, if an inclusion proof can't be
> embedded
> in a cert, then we can't count on all server operators providing it (via
> OCSP /
> TLS).  On the other hand, including proofs in certs imposes issuance delays
> that will not be acceptable in many circumstances, even if it is
> O(minutes).
>
> And given Eran's SSL proxy proposal, with the amendments I suggested, I'm
> now
> pretty well convinced that the fetches you need for retrospective
> validation
> can be done privately with something short of Tor (just).  The scalability
> problems are bad, but probably ultimately workable.
>
> It should be clear that either of these models work much better if the
> server
> provides inclusion proofs.  Together with the STH discipline notions below,
> this would enable prospective auditing for all but very new certificates
> if a
> browser is willing to cache STHs.  Even in cases where CT information must
> be
> fetched, having the server send an inclusion proof would mean that the only
> fetch would be for consistency, which is a less privacy-sensitive, more
> cacheable query.
>

Here's a half-baked idea for a third (well, kinda), following on from
today's theme of embedded proofs + STH, and an ecosystem with more open
logs.

Can we trust that some fraction of the logs in the ecosystem are honest?
If so, then it feels like mostly the danger comes come allowing an issuer
of cert to select which logs they want to log to, because they can choose
their naughty log operator friends who'll collude.

How about if we reduce the choice of logs, for example:
1. we define a function of, say, the hash of the log's public key to
determine which of a fixed number of "groups" each log belongs to
2. we define a function of the hash of a precert (might be the same as [1])
which returns 1 (or perhaps several) groups to which that precert must be
logged.
2. anyone creating a precert must log to the logs in the group(s) defined
by the function in [2]
3. logs & CAs do their thing, proofs + STHs are embedded, certs are built,
and websites updated.
4. the RP can verify the validity of the proofs, and the sigs on the STHs,
but they can also verify that the STHs are from the set of logs the well
known function [2] says they should for the precertificate they
re-construct from the cert they were served (similar to how embedded SCTs
are verified currently)

IANAC, but I'm thinking that perhaps if the functions in [1] and [2] are
sufficiently indistinguishable from random the client has reasonable
confidence (given that we trust some fraction of the ecosystem is honest)
that a bad cert will be detected by monitors and the game's up, and no need
to talk to anyone (unless the proofs/sigs don't work and they want to tell
someone about it).

I suspect this precise scheme might be weak because of the low number of
groups; perhaps it's too easy to "mine" log keys and percerts to line up
groups, but maybe there are mitigations for that (e.g. making the hashing
more expensive*, and/or requiring the not_before to be within some window
of the embedded SCT timestamps so your mining work is wasted if you take
too long, or maybe the groups functions also take issuance time into
account, or only takes the domain from the first SAN, or the OU, or ... - I
dunno, I said it was half-baked! Anyway, I'm sure there are people here who
know a lot more about this sort of thing than I do.

Perhaps you can pull a similar trick for logs too - forcing logs to commit
to tree timelines in a set of locations defined by a function of the hash
tree root from the STH they're logging (this is really a tweak to an idea
Ben had about gossip a while back).

* On the expensive hashing, I realise that it'd be undesirable for some
classes of UAs (mobiles in particular) to have to perform the expensive
hashing to verify the set of logs, but since I'm rattling on anyway, I
vaguely recall a scheme from somewhere else (I don't remember where, sadly)
which was cute:  we define the hashing function to be, say, 100,000,000
rounds of SHA256 where each round is SHA256(hash_n-1||precert hash), then
we embed the 99,999,999th hash somewhere in the cert so that the client can
recalculate the last round using that and the reconstructed precert and
verify the STHs come from the right group(s) - expensive for the logger,
but cheap for the verifier.

Ok, I'll stop now.
Have a nice weekend, all.


>
> # STH Discipline
>
> Either style of auditing also works better if logs have a notion of "STH
> discipline", in the following sense:
>
> 1. The official state of the log comprises a sequence of STHs issued at
>    specified intervals.
>
> 2. For each certificate in the log, there is a single "canonical STH" to
> which
>    the log will produce an inclusion proof.  Proofs to other STHs are done
> by
>    adding a consistency proof to the inclusion proof.
>
> This property makes things work more smoothly in both auditing models:
>
> - If the browser is willing to cache STHs, this tells the browser exactly
> which
>   STHs it needs to cache in order to validate all inclusion proofs.
>
> - Everything is more cacheable, since there's only one inclusion proof per
>   certificate, and a limited set of heads among which consistency needs to
> be
>   calculated.
>
> - Cacheability means that the fetches of inclusion proofs get greater
> privacy
>   benefit from caching, since they depend only on the certificate, not the
> STH
>   that the client is using.  Likewise for consistency proofs, because of
> the
>   reduced variety.
>
> From a protocol point of view, I haven't done a thorough evaluation of the
> document, but there are at least a few things you would want to make this
> model
> work:
>
> - Prose that articulates the above bounds on logs / inclusion proofs /
> STHs.
>   Probably a notion of "STH issuance frequency" parallel to MMD.
>
> - A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the certificate in
>   question.  Possibly a serial number in STH that SCTs could refer to.
>
> - An API endpoint for fetching STHs in the official sequence (in addition
> to
>   the current one, which is the only option right now).
>
> If this line of thinking sounds generally sane to people, I'll take a pass
> through the document and make some concrete proposals.
>
> Thanks,
> --Richard
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 6:24 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a=
 href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wro=
te:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-=
left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">Hey all,<br><br>I wa=
nted to follow up on my earlier comments and a bunch of side conversations<=
br>I&#39;ve had with people since then with a revised change proposal that =
I think can<br>get -rfc6962-bis to a point we can live with.<br><br>tl;dr:<=
br>1. We/Mozilla can live with the Merkle tree for now, though we/community=
 might<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 ultimately want something different later<br>2. At a=
 systemic level, we need to move toward servers providing inclusion<br>=C2=
=A0=C2=A0 proofs, but -rfc6962-bis provides sufficient tools for this<br>3.=
 We need to better document &quot;STH discipline&quot;, and define a &quot;=
canonical STH&quot;<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 for each element in the log<br>4. We ne=
ed to update the security considerations to describe more clearly the<br>=
=C2=A0=C2=A0 implications of various levels of auditing<br><br>I&#39;m will=
ing to write up a PR for (2); EKR has volunteered for (3).<br><br><br># Aud=
iting Models<br><br>There are basically two approaches to auditing availabl=
e to clients:<br><br>1. Prospective: Browser does auditing checks at TLS co=
nnection time<br>2. Retrospective: Browser does auditing checks after TLS c=
onnection time<br><br>Prospective checking provides better assurance than r=
etrospective, since it<br>prevents any harm that would come from a mis-issu=
ed, improperly-attested<br>certificate.=C2=A0 The cost is that the server h=
as to send enough information the<br>cert and the browser has to cache enou=
gh information about the log that the two<br>can be married up without furt=
her requests.<br><br>In practice, however, it looks like some degree of ret=
rospective checking will<br>be necessary even in browsers that support the =
cache enough information for<br>prospective checking.=C2=A0 On the one hand=
, if an inclusion proof can&#39;t be embedded<br>in a cert, then we can&#39=
;t count on all server operators providing it (via OCSP /<br>TLS).=C2=A0 On=
 the other hand, including proofs in certs imposes issuance delays<br>that =
will not be acceptable in many circumstances, even if it is O(minutes).<br>=
<br>And given Eran&#39;s SSL proxy proposal, with the amendments I suggeste=
d, I&#39;m now<br>pretty well convinced that the fetches you need for retro=
spective validation<br>can be done privately with something short of Tor (j=
ust).=C2=A0 The scalability<br>problems are bad, but probably ultimately wo=
rkable.<br><br>It should be clear that either of these models work much bet=
ter if the server<br>provides inclusion proofs.=C2=A0 Together with the STH=
 discipline notions below,<br>this would enable prospective auditing for al=
l but very new certificates if a<br>browser is willing to cache STHs.=C2=A0=
 Even in cases where CT information must be<br>fetched, having the server s=
end an inclusion proof would mean that the only<br>fetch would be for consi=
stency, which is a less privacy-sensitive, more<br>cacheable query.<br></di=
v></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Here&#39;s a half-baked idea for a third=
 (well, kinda), following on from today&#39;s theme of embedded proofs + ST=
H, and an ecosystem with more open logs.</div><div><br></div><div>Can we tr=
ust that some fraction of the logs in the ecosystem are honest?</div><div>I=
f so, then it feels like mostly the danger comes come allowing an issuer of=
 cert to select which logs they want to log to, because they can choose the=
ir naughty log operator friends who&#39;ll collude.</div><div><br></div><di=
v>How about if we reduce the choice of logs, for example:</div><div>1. we d=
efine a function of, say, the hash of the log&#39;s public key to determine=
 which of a fixed number of &quot;groups&quot; each log belongs to</div><di=
v>2. we define a function of the hash of a precert (might be the same as [1=
]) which returns 1 (or perhaps several) groups to which that precert must b=
e logged.</div><div>2. anyone creating a precert must log to the logs in th=
e group(s) defined by the function in [2]</div><div>3. logs &amp; CAs do th=
eir thing, proofs + STHs are embedded, certs are built, and websites update=
d.</div><div>4. the RP can verify the validity of the proofs, and the sigs =
on the STHs, but they can also verify that the STHs are from the set of log=
s the well known function [2] says they should for the precertificate they =
re-construct from the cert they were served (similar to how embedded SCTs a=
re verified currently)</div><div><br></div><div>IANAC, but I&#39;m thinking=
 that perhaps if the functions in [1] and [2] are sufficiently indistinguis=
hable from random the client has reasonable confidence (given that we trust=
 some fraction of the ecosystem is honest) that a bad cert will be detected=
 by monitors and the game&#39;s up, and no need to talk to anyone (unless t=
he proofs/sigs don&#39;t work and they want to tell someone about it).</div=
><div><br></div><div>I suspect this precise scheme might be weak because of=
 the low number of groups; perhaps it&#39;s too easy to &quot;mine&quot; lo=
g keys and percerts to line up groups, but maybe there are mitigations for =
that (e.g. making the hashing more expensive*, and/or requiring the not_bef=
ore to be within some window of the embedded SCT timestamps so your mining =
work is wasted if you take too long, or maybe the groups functions also tak=
e issuance time into account, or only takes the domain from the first SAN, =
or the OU, or ... - I dunno, I said it was half-baked! Anyway, I&#39;m sure=
 there are people here who know a lot more about this sort of thing than I =
do.</div><div><br></div><div>Perhaps you can pull a similar trick for logs =
too - forcing logs to commit to tree timelines in a set of locations define=
d by a function of the hash tree root from the STH they&#39;re logging (thi=
s is really a tweak to an idea Ben had about gossip a while back).</div><di=
v><br></div><div>* On the expensive hashing, I realise that it&#39;d be und=
esirable for some classes of UAs (mobiles in particular) to have to perform=
 the expensive hashing to verify the set of logs, but since I&#39;m rattlin=
g on anyway, I vaguely recall a scheme from somewhere else (I don&#39;t rem=
ember where, sadly) which was cute: =C2=A0we define the hashing function to=
 be, say, 100,000,000 rounds of SHA256 where each round is SHA256(hash_n-1|=
|precert hash), then we embed the 99,999,999th hash somewhere in the cert s=
o that the client can recalculate the last round using that and the reconst=
ructed precert and verify the STHs come from the right group(s) - expensive=
 for the logger, but cheap for the verifier.</div><div><br></div><div>Ok, I=
&#39;ll stop now.</div><div>Have a nice weekend, all.</div><div><br></div><=
blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px=
 #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><br># STH Discipline<br>=
<br>Either style of auditing also works better if logs have a notion of &qu=
ot;STH<br>discipline&quot;, in the following sense:<br><br>1. The official =
state of the log comprises a sequence of STHs issued at<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 spe=
cified intervals.<br><br>2. For each certificate in the log, there is a sin=
gle &quot;canonical STH&quot; to which<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0 the log will produce=
 an inclusion proof.=C2=A0 Proofs to other STHs are done by<br>=C2=A0=C2=A0=
 adding a consistency proof to the inclusion proof.<br><br>This property ma=
kes things work more smoothly in both auditing models:<br><br>- If the brow=
ser is willing to cache STHs, this tells the browser exactly which<br>=C2=
=A0 STHs it needs to cache in order to validate all inclusion proofs.<br><b=
r>- Everything is more cacheable, since there&#39;s only one inclusion proo=
f per<br>=C2=A0 certificate, and a limited set of heads among which consist=
ency needs to be<br>=C2=A0 calculated.<br><br>- Cacheability means that the=
 fetches of inclusion proofs get greater privacy<br>=C2=A0 benefit from cac=
hing, since they depend only on the certificate, not the STH<br>=C2=A0 that=
 the client is using.=C2=A0 Likewise for consistency proofs, because of the=
<br>=C2=A0 reduced variety.<br><br>From a protocol point of view, I haven&#=
39;t done a thorough evaluation of the<br>document, but there are at least =
a few things you would want to make this model<br>work:<br><br>- Prose that=
 articulates the above bounds on logs / inclusion proofs / STHs.<br>=C2=A0 =
Probably a notion of &quot;STH issuance frequency&quot; parallel to MMD.<br=
><br>- A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the certifica=
te in<br>=C2=A0 question.=C2=A0 Possibly a serial number in STH that SCTs c=
ould refer to.<br><br>- An API endpoint for fetching STHs in the official s=
equence (in addition to<br>=C2=A0 the current one, which is the only option=
 right now).<br><br>If this line of thinking sounds generally sane to peopl=
e, I&#39;ll take a pass<br>through the document and make some concrete prop=
osals.<br><br>Thanks,<br>--Richard</div>
<br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/<wbr>listinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a1143e92a47139f0549d8e608--


From nobody Fri Mar  3 12:32:31 2017
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To: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be>, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
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From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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On 03/03/17 19:29, Kurt Roeckx wrote:
> On Thu, Mar 02, 2017 at 06:58:49PM -0500, Richard Barnes wrote:
>> The upshot is that this style of logging seems eminently feasible.  Almost
>> all CT logs are growing at well less than 10qps [2], and even Let's Encrypt
>> on its worst days only generates about 115qps.  And I have pretty high
>> confidence that if you actually put some thought into designing the storage
>> scheme, you could get some additional margin here.
>
> Let's encrypt seems to be doing around 1M per day on "its worst
> days", which is still only in the range of 10 per second.

That assumes an even distribution throughout the day, which isn't the 
reality.

A couple of days ago, Google's Pilot log generated 582 SCTs during a 
single second (2017-03-01 14:01:07 UTC).

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


From nobody Fri Mar  3 16:01:38 2017
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Subject: [Trans] trans - Requested session has been scheduled for IETF 98
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Dear Melinda Shore,

The session(s) that you have requested have been scheduled.
Below is the scheduled session information followed by
the original request. 

trans Session 1 (1:30:00)
    Tuesday, Afternoon Session I 1300-1430
    Room Name: Montreux 3 size: 80
    ---------------------------------------------
    


Request Information:


---------------------------------------------------------
Working Group Name: Public Notary Transparency 
Area Name: Security Area
Session Requester: Melinda Shore

Number of Sessions: 1
Length of Session(s):  1.5 Hours
Number of Attendees: 40
Conflicts to Avoid: 
 First Priority: mtgvenue dnsop ipsecme httpbis
 Second Priority: curdle tls
 Third Priority: sacm


People who must be present:
  Stephen Farrell
  Melinda Shore
  Paul Wouters

Resources Requested:
  Projector in room
  Meetecho support in room

Special Requests:
  
---------------------------------------------------------


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I started to review the redaction draft to determine current state,
but realized that it isn't clear we have a common baseline from which
to start any review.  I've put together a few statements that I think
are true, but would like to see if others agree.

1) A registered domain is a label plus a registration suffix, which is
frequently the TLD.  The existence (or non-existence) of a registered
domain is public information.

Rationale: The zone files for all ICANN gTLDs, are available for
download.  While some ccTLDs don't offer similar service, the basic
registered/registerable domain should not be considered private
information.

2) Logging certificates to a CT log is optional.  An unlogged
certificate may not be accepted by some clients or relying parties,
but is not a mis-issued certificate.

Rationale: While some might want to see 100% logging, it is clear
there is not currently support for making it mandatory.

3) Split horizon DNS exists as does delegation to private name
servers.  This means that names that are unique in the global
namespace might not be resolvable from the public Internet.

Rationale: Many TLDs allow DNS name servers to have addresses in
reserved IP ranges that are not designated as globally unique (e.g. in
10.0.0.0/8).  Even if the TLD does not, subordinate domain of
registered domains may have such.  Even if using public IP addresses,
network ACLs may prevent access.

4) Given a full certificate, it must be possible to deterministically
reconstruct the precertificate.

Rationale: Without this, it becomes impossible to determine if a
signature of a precertificate matches the final certificate.

5) Given a precertificate and full certificate, it should be possible
to confirm the full certificate is the only viable match for the
precertificate.

Rationale: If multiple different full certificates could reasonably
match a single precertificate, then it becomes trivial to issue
"hidden" certificates.

6) Given a precertificate and full certificate, it should not be
possible to (re)construct other full certificates given only their
precertificates.

Rationale: Leak/discovery of a single full certificate should not
cause a system collapse.

7) The only entity that knows if a certificate for their domain was
not supposed to be issued is entity who was the domain registrant at
the time of issuance.

Rationale: While others can guess based on heuristics, only the
registrant can say with authority "I think this was unauthorized"

8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to have a
full certificate.

Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow key
that can "unlock" a precertificate.  This quickly turns into 'where do
we keep the escrow key?' and 'who gets to access the escrow key?'.  If
there is no such thing, then these questions don't exist.

Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for
reviewing any proposed designs?

Thanks,
Peter


From nobody Mon Mar  6 06:48:58 2017
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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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Looks great, but what does viable mean in "is the only viable match" ?


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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 6 Mar 2017 07:05:55 -0800
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 6:48 AM, Salz, Rich <rsalz@akamai.com> wrote:
> Looks great, but what does viable mean in "is the only viable match" ?

For example, if a redacted name looks like '??.example.com' and the
definition of '??' is "matches one or more labels", then a precert
with:

  "dNSName:??.example.com, dNSName:??.example.com, dNSName:??.example.com"

could match infinite names.

On the other hand, a redacted name is "??ab347e5e.example.com" and the
value after the "??" is a truncated hash, then the number of matches
is much lower.  Once you consider that these are dNSName, so the only
valid characters are a-z, A-Z, 0-9, '-', '.', and maybe '_', the
chance of two strings colliding is very low, even with a severely
truncated hash.

If the '??' rule is used, then a malicious CA could issue two
different certificates with the same serial number, one that is
"innocent" and one that has the real target name.

Thanks,
Peter


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From: "Salz, Rich" <rsalz@akamai.com>
To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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From nobody Mon Mar  6 08:27:05 2017
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Hi Peter,

I generally agree with your list of statements, but #7 is imprecise:

On Sun, 5 Mar 2017 22:06:31 -0800
Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:

> 7) The only entity that knows if a certificate for their domain was
> not supposed to be issued is entity who was the domain registrant at
> the time of issuance.

To be more precise, the only entity that knows if a certificate for
their domain *did not undergo proper domain validation* is the entity
who was the domain registrant at the time of issuance[1].  Many other
types of misissuances can be detected by anyone, such as SHA-1,
encoding errors, illegal characters in dnsName SANs, overly-long
validity, etc.

Regards,
Andrew

[1] technically, at the time the CA is required to check, but that's
beside the point


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Mon, 6 Mar 2017 14:12:37 -0500
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Cc: Trans <trans@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Trans] STH Discipline & Security Considerations
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On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 2:09 PM, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:

> On Fri, 3 Mar 2017 13:24:51 -0500
> Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>
> > # STH Discipline
> >
> > Either style of auditing also works better if logs have a notion of
> > "STH discipline", in the following sense:
> >
> > 1. The official state of the log comprises a sequence of STHs issued
> > at specified intervals.
> >
> > 2. For each certificate in the log, there is a single "canonical STH"
> > to which
> >    the log will produce an inclusion proof.
>
> To be clear, would there still be a way to get inclusion proofs to
> non-canonical STHs?  Clients wouldn't have to use them if they didn't
> want to.
>

I could go either way.  My preference would probably be to make it OPTIONAL
for a log to provide such proofs, because caching.  The client can always
just fetch the canonical proof and consistency.  (Maybe that needs to be a
new endpoint.)



> > Proofs to other STHs are
> > done by
> >    adding a consistency proof to the inclusion proof.
> >
> > This property makes things work more smoothly in both auditing models:
> >
> > - If the browser is willing to cache STHs, this tells the browser
> > exactly which
> >   STHs it needs to cache in order to validate all inclusion proofs.
> >
> > - Everything is more cacheable, since there's only one inclusion
> > proof per certificate, and a limited set of heads among which
> > consistency needs to be
> >   calculated.
> >
> > - Cacheability means that the fetches of inclusion proofs get greater
> > privacy
> >   benefit from caching, since they depend only on the certificate,
> > not the STH
> >   that the client is using.  Likewise for consistency proofs, because
> > of the reduced variety.
> >
> > >From a protocol point of view, I haven't done a thorough evaluation
> > >of the
> > document, but there are at least a few things you would want to make
> > this model
> > work:
> >
> > - Prose that articulates the above bounds on logs / inclusion
> > proofs / STHs. Probably a notion of "STH issuance frequency" parallel
> > to MMD.
> >
> > - A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the
> > certificate in question.  Possibly a serial number in STH that SCTs
> > could refer to.
>
> Is this necessary?  Why not define the canonical STH as the first STH
> issued after the SCT (based on timestamp)?
>

The reason you want an indicator in the SCT is so that you know which STH
to ask for, e.g., if you're fetching a consistency proof.  Otherwise, you
have to scan around for the right one.



> > - An API endpoint for fetching STHs in the official sequence (in
> > addition to the current one, which is the only option right now).
>
> +1. I think any privacy-preserving auditing mechanism will need such an
> endpoint so that STHs can be reliably distributed to clients.
>

Thanks for the feedback!

--Richard



>
> Regards,
> Andrew
>

--001a11467a9abe4237054a14ada9
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Fri, Mar 3, 2017 at 2:09 PM, Andrew Ayer <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:agwa@andrewayer.name" target=3D"_blank">agwa@andrewayer.name</=
a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0=
 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=3D"">On =
Fri, 3 Mar 2017 13:24:51 -0500<br>
Richard Barnes &lt;rlb@ipv.sx&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; # STH Discipline<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Either style of auditing also works better if logs have a notion of<br=
>
&gt; &quot;STH discipline&quot;, in the following sense:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 1. The official state of the log comprises a sequence of STHs issued<b=
r>
&gt; at specified intervals.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; 2. For each certificate in the log, there is a single &quot;canonical =
STH&quot;<br>
&gt; to which<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0 the log will produce an inclusion proof.<br>
<br>
</span>To be clear, would there still be a way to get inclusion proofs to<b=
r>
non-canonical STHs?=C2=A0 Clients wouldn&#39;t have to use them if they did=
n&#39;t<br>
want to.<br><div><div class=3D"h5"></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div>=
<div>I could go either way.=C2=A0 My preference would probably be to make i=
t OPTIONAL for a log to provide such proofs, because caching.=C2=A0 The cli=
ent can always just fetch the canonical proof and consistency.=C2=A0 (Maybe=
 that needs to be a new endpoint.)<br><br></div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquot=
e class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc sol=
id;padding-left:1ex"><div><div class=3D"h5">
&gt; Proofs to other STHs are<br>
&gt; done by<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0 adding a consistency proof to the inclusion proof.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; This property makes things work more smoothly in both auditing models:=
<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; - If the browser is willing to cache STHs, this tells the browser<br>
&gt; exactly which<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0STHs it needs to cache in order to validate all inclusion =
proofs.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; - Everything is more cacheable, since there&#39;s only one inclusion<b=
r>
&gt; proof per certificate, and a limited set of heads among which<br>
&gt; consistency needs to be<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0calculated.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; - Cacheability means that the fetches of inclusion proofs get greater<=
br>
&gt; privacy<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0benefit from caching, since they depend only on the certif=
icate,<br>
&gt; not the STH<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0that the client is using.=C2=A0 Likewise for consistency p=
roofs, because<br>
&gt; of the reduced variety.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; &gt;From a protocol point of view, I haven&#39;t done a thorough evalu=
ation<br>
&gt; &gt;of the<br>
&gt; document, but there are at least a few things you would want to make<b=
r>
&gt; this model<br>
&gt; work:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; - Prose that articulates the above bounds on logs / inclusion<br>
&gt; proofs / STHs. Probably a notion of &quot;STH issuance frequency&quot;=
 parallel<br>
&gt; to MMD.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; - A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the<br>
&gt; certificate in question.=C2=A0 Possibly a serial number in STH that SC=
Ts<br>
&gt; could refer to.<br>
<br>
</div></div>Is this necessary?=C2=A0 Why not define the canonical STH as th=
e first STH<br>
issued after the SCT (based on timestamp)?<span class=3D""><br></span></blo=
ckquote><div><br></div><div>The reason you want an indicator in the SCT is =
so that you know which STH to ask for, e.g., if you&#39;re fetching a consi=
stency proof.=C2=A0 Otherwise, you have to scan around for the right one.<b=
r></div><div><br></div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" s=
tyle=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><spa=
n class=3D"">
&gt; - An API endpoint for fetching STHs in the official sequence (in<br>
&gt; addition to the current one, which is the only option right now).<br>
<br>
</span>+1. I think any privacy-preserving auditing mechanism will need such=
 an<br>
endpoint so that STHs can be reliably distributed to clients.<br></blockquo=
te><div><br></div><div>Thanks for the feedback!<br><br></div><div>--Richard=
<br></div><div><br>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"m=
argin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Regards,<br>
Andrew<br>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a11467a9abe4237054a14ada9--


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On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 1:06 AM, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:

>
> 2) Logging certificates to a CT log is optional.  An unlogged
> certificate may not be accepted by some clients or relying parties,
> but is not a mis-issued certificate.
>
> Rationale: While some might want to see 100% logging, it is clear
> there is not currently support for making it mandatory.


Just to be clear, I think you're saying there is not currently support by
*any* client or relying party for making non-logging equivalent to
misissuance. That is different than saying that there is not currently
broad support across the client/RP ecosystem for refusing to accept
non-logged certificates.


> 7) The only entity that knows if a certificate for their domain was
> not supposed to be issued is entity who was the domain registrant at
> the time of issuance.
>
> Rationale: While others can guess based on heuristics, only the
> registrant can say with authority "I think this was unauthorized"
>

While this is true, including Andrew's caveats, this does risk
unintentionally implying that the only benefit to CT that must be
considered when discussing redaction proposals is that of detecting
certificates issued without proper domain validation control.

CT provides broader benefits than that, some of which are implied by
Andrew's notes about automatable detections of BR Violations. Some benefits
can also be seen in the identification of undisclosed cross-signatures that
create gaps in the audited PKI that can range from small to tremendously
large.

-- Eric


>
> Thanks,
> Peter
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>



-- 
konklone.com | @konklone <https://twitter.com/konklone>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 1:06 AM, Peter Bowen <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">pzbowen@gmail.com</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><br>
2) Logging certificates to a CT log is optional.=C2=A0 An unlogged<br>
certificate may not be accepted by some clients or relying parties,<br>
but is not a mis-issued certificate.<br>
<br>
Rationale: While some might want to see 100% logging, it is clear<br>
there is not currently support for making it mandatory.</blockquote><div><b=
r></div><div>Just to be clear, I think you&#39;re saying there is not curre=
ntly support by *any* client or relying party for making non-logging equiva=
lent to misissuance. That is different than saying that there is not curren=
tly broad support across the client/RP ecosystem for refusing to accept non=
-logged certificates.</div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quot=
e" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
7) The only entity that knows if a certificate for their domain was<br>
not supposed to be issued is entity who was the domain registrant at<br>
the time of issuance.<br>
<br>
Rationale: While others can guess based on heuristics, only the<br>
registrant can say with authority &quot;I think this was unauthorized&quot;=
<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>While this is true, including Andrew&#=
39;s caveats, this does risk unintentionally implying that the only benefit=
 to CT that must be considered when discussing redaction proposals is that =
of detecting certificates issued without proper domain validation control.<=
/div><div><br></div><div>CT provides broader benefits than that, some of wh=
ich are implied by Andrew&#39;s notes about automatable detections of BR Vi=
olations. Some benefits can also be seen in the identification of undisclos=
ed cross-signatures that create gaps in the audited PKI that can range from=
 small to tremendously large.</div><div><br></div><div>-- Eric</div><div>=
=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;bo=
rder-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Thanks,<br>
Peter<br>
<br>
______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/<wbr>listinfo/trans</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br><br clear=3D"all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div class=
=3D"gmail_signature" data-smartmail=3D"gmail_signature"><div dir=3D"ltr"><d=
iv><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><a href=3D"https://konklone.=
com" target=3D"_blank">konklone.com</a> | <a href=3D"https://twitter.com/ko=
nklone" target=3D"_blank">@konklone</a><br></div></div></div></div></div></=
div></div>
</div></div>

--94eb2c092c48b6b3da054a14ff39--


From nobody Mon Mar  6 13:16:37 2017
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From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:
<snip>
> 8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to have a
> full certificate.
>
> Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow key
> that can "unlock" a precertificate.

In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction mechanism 
that envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in precertificates. 
That mechanism was deemed problematic by the Chrome team precisely 
because "The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to 
have a full certificate".
What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a 
precertificate for their domain space that they don't recognize?  How do 
they figure out whether the (pre)cert was misissued or whether it was 
legitimately requested by a different team within their organization?

The redaction mechanism that's documented in 
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3 
attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by swapping ?s 
for a hash of the unredacted domain.  However, this mechanism has also 
been deemed problematic, because it could be trivial to determine 
unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.

I think a "sort of escrow key" may be the only viable way to construct a 
redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic by everyone.

> This quickly turns into 'where do we keep the escrow key?' and 'who gets
> to access the escrow key?'.  If there is no such thing, then these
> questions don't exist.

I think these questions will need to be both asked and answered, 
although I'd be delighted to be proved wrong.

> Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for
> reviewing any proposed designs?

Your other points all LGTM.

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


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Date: Mon, 6 Mar 2017 21:22:30 +0000
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--94eb2c1813a439526a054a167e74
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the
answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a
mechanism that requires you to. There are alternatives: name-constrained
sub-CAs. Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.
Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?

On 6 March 2017 at 21:16, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:

> On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:
> <snip>
>
>> 8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to have a
>> full certificate.
>>
>> Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow key
>> that can "unlock" a precertificate.
>>
>
> In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction mechanism that
> envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in precertificates. That
> mechanism was deemed problematic by the Chrome team precisely because "The
> only way to get the content of a full certificate is to have a full
> certificate".
> What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a precertificate
> for their domain space that they don't recognize?  How do they figure out
> whether the (pre)cert was misissued or whether it was legitimately
> requested by a different team within their organization?
>
> The redaction mechanism that's documented in
> https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3
> attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by swapping ?s for
> a hash of the unredacted domain.  However, this mechanism has also been
> deemed problematic, because it could be trivial to determine unredacted
> labels via dictionary attacks.
>
> I think a "sort of escrow key" may be the only viable way to construct a
> redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic by everyone.
>
> This quickly turns into 'where do we keep the escrow key?' and 'who gets
>> to access the escrow key?'.  If there is no such thing, then these
>> questions don't exist.
>>
>
> I think these questions will need to be both asked and answered, although
> I'd be delighted to be proved wrong.
>
> Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for
>> reviewing any proposed designs?
>>
>
> Your other points all LGTM.
>
> --
> Rob Stradling
> Senior Research & Development Scientist
> COMODO - Creating Trust Online
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

--94eb2c1813a439526a054a167e74
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr">I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, bu=
t really the answer is: if you don&#39;t want to publish your names, then d=
on&#39;t use a mechanism that requires you to. There are alternatives: name=
-constrained sub-CAs. Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along=
 with them. Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?</div=
><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On 6 March 2017 =
at 21:16, Rob Stradling <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rob.stradli=
ng@comodo.com" target=3D"_blank">rob.stradling@comodo.com</a>&gt;</span> wr=
ote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border=
-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote=
:<br>
&lt;snip&gt;<span class=3D""><br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to have a<br>
full certificate.<br>
<br>
Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow key<br>
that can &quot;unlock&quot; a precertificate.<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction mechanism that =
envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in precertificates. That mechani=
sm was deemed problematic by the Chrome team precisely because &quot;The on=
ly way to get the content of a full certificate is to have a full certifica=
te&quot;.<br>
What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a precertificate =
for their domain space that they don&#39;t recognize?=C2=A0 How do they fig=
ure out whether the (pre)cert was misissued or whether it was legitimately =
requested by a different team within their organization?<br>
<br>
The redaction mechanism that&#39;s documented in <a href=3D"https://tools.i=
etf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3" rel=3D"noreferrer"=
 target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/dr<wbr>aft-strad-trans-redac=
tion-01#<wbr>section-3.3</a> attempted to find a solution to this problem o=
f recourse by swapping ?s for a hash of the unredacted domain.=C2=A0 Howeve=
r, this mechanism has also been deemed problematic, because it could be tri=
vial to determine unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.<br>
<br>
I think a &quot;sort of escrow key&quot; may be the only viable way to cons=
truct a redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic by everyone.<spa=
n class=3D""><br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
This quickly turns into &#39;where do we keep the escrow key?&#39; and &#39=
;who gets<br>
to access the escrow key?&#39;.=C2=A0 If there is no such thing, then these=
<br>
questions don&#39;t exist.<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
I think these questions will need to be both asked and answered, although I=
&#39;d be delighted to be proved wrong.<span class=3D""><br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for<br>
reviewing any proposed designs?<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
Your other points all LGTM.<span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888"><=
br>
<br>
-- <br>
Rob Stradling<br>
Senior Research &amp; Development Scientist<br>
COMODO - Creating Trust Online</font></span><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><div clas=
s=3D"h5"><br>
<br>
______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/l<wbr>istinfo/trans</a><br>
</div></div></blockquote></div><br></div>

--94eb2c1813a439526a054a167e74--


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Cc: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 4:22 PM, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:

> I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the
> answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a
> mechanism that requires you to. There are alternatives: name-constrained
> sub-CAs. Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.
> Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?
>

Ben:

Name-constrained sub-CAs have not been accepted by Chrome as a redaction
mechanism. They were moved to the redaction spec precisely because they are
a variation of redaction.

--94eb2c1b3fd0ec639a054a16b000
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 4:22 PM, Ben Laurie <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hre=
f=3D"mailto:benl@google.com" target=3D"_blank">benl@google.com</a>&gt;</spa=
n> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;b=
order-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">I think you ca=
n waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the answer is: if you =
don&#39;t want to publish your names, then don&#39;t use a mechanism that r=
equires you to. There are alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs. Private C=
As. You can even have private CT to go along with them. Why mess up a proto=
col whose intent is to show everything?</div></blockquote><div><br></div><d=
iv>Ben:</div><div><br></div><div>Name-constrained sub-CAs have not been acc=
epted by Chrome as a redaction mechanism. They were moved to the redaction =
spec precisely because they are a variation of redaction.</div><div><br></d=
iv></div></div></div>

--94eb2c1b3fd0ec639a054a16b000--


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From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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On 06/03/17 21:22, Ben Laurie wrote:
> I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the
> answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a
> mechanism that requires you to.

I agree that that's the ideal answer, but as we've seen, there is 
resistance to that answer from various participants in the CT ecosystem.

> There are alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs.

We removed that option from 6962-bis.  It's now in 
draft-strad-trans-redaction, but IIRC the Chrome team hinted that 
they're unlikely to ever support it (at least in its current form).

> Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.

Private CAs don't suit every use case, AFAIK.

> Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?

Because Security and Useability aren't always in perfect harmony?

Much as I'd love to stop wasting brainpower on redaction, I think it's a 
conversation that needs to continue for now (although not indefinitely!)

> On 6 March 2017 at 21:16, Rob Stradling wrote:
>
>     On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:
>     <snip>
>
>         8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to
>         have a
>         full certificate.
>
>         Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow key
>         that can "unlock" a precertificate.
>
>
>     In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction
>     mechanism that envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in
>     precertificates. That mechanism was deemed problematic by the Chrome
>     team precisely because "The only way to get the content of a full
>     certificate is to have a full certificate".
>     What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a
>     precertificate for their domain space that they don't recognize?
>     How do they figure out whether the (pre)cert was misissued or
>     whether it was legitimately requested by a different team within
>     their organization?
>
>     The redaction mechanism that's documented in
>     https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3
>     <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3>
>     attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by swapping
>     ?s for a hash of the unredacted domain.  However, this mechanism has
>     also been deemed problematic, because it could be trivial to
>     determine unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.
>
>     I think a "sort of escrow key" may be the only viable way to
>     construct a redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic by
>     everyone.
>
>         This quickly turns into 'where do we keep the escrow key?' and
>         'who gets
>         to access the escrow key?'.  If there is no such thing, then these
>         questions don't exist.
>
>
>     I think these questions will need to be both asked and answered,
>     although I'd be delighted to be proved wrong.
>
>         Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for
>         reviewing any proposed designs?
>
>
>     Your other points all LGTM.
>
>     --
>     Rob Stradling
>     Senior Research & Development Scientist
>     COMODO - Creating Trust Online
>
>
>     _______________________________________________
>     Trans mailing list
>     Trans@ietf.org <mailto:Trans@ietf.org>
>     https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>     <https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans>
>
>

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online
Office Tel: +44.(0)1274.730505
Office Fax: +44.(0)1274.730909
www.comodo.com

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From nobody Mon Mar  6 14:26:44 2017
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From: Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>
To: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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Date: Mon, 6 Mar 2017 22:26:37 +0000
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On the CT days, there was an emphasis on a distinction between white washing
a cert (removing it from CT) and redaction. Is the white washing in scope
for the Trans list and this discussion or should it be separate? 

I ask because two of the main arguments cited for redaction tend to be:
1) Network/New project mapping reveals
2) Inclusion if PII in logged certs

If white washing address the second concern, a specification around that
process could eliminate a good deal of the push for redaction.


-----Original Message-----
From: Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Rob Stradling
Sent: Monday, March 6, 2017 2:39 PM
To: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Cc: trans@ietf.org; Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction

On 06/03/17 21:22, Ben Laurie wrote:
> I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the 
> answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a 
> mechanism that requires you to.

I agree that that's the ideal answer, but as we've seen, there is resistance
to that answer from various participants in the CT ecosystem.

> There are alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs.

We removed that option from 6962-bis.  It's now in
draft-strad-trans-redaction, but IIRC the Chrome team hinted that they're
unlikely to ever support it (at least in its current form).

> Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.

Private CAs don't suit every use case, AFAIK.

> Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?

Because Security and Useability aren't always in perfect harmony?

Much as I'd love to stop wasting brainpower on redaction, I think it's a
conversation that needs to continue for now (although not indefinitely!)

> On 6 March 2017 at 21:16, Rob Stradling wrote:
>
>     On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:
>     <snip>
>
>         8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to
>         have a
>         full certificate.
>
>         Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow
key
>         that can "unlock" a precertificate.
>
>
>     In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction
>     mechanism that envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in
>     precertificates. That mechanism was deemed problematic by the Chrome
>     team precisely because "The only way to get the content of a full
>     certificate is to have a full certificate".
>     What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a
>     precertificate for their domain space that they don't recognize?
>     How do they figure out whether the (pre)cert was misissued or
>     whether it was legitimately requested by a different team within
>     their organization?
>
>     The redaction mechanism that's documented in
>     https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3
>
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3>
>     attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by swapping
>     ?s for a hash of the unredacted domain.  However, this mechanism has
>     also been deemed problematic, because it could be trivial to
>     determine unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.
>
>     I think a "sort of escrow key" may be the only viable way to
>     construct a redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic by
>     everyone.
>
>         This quickly turns into 'where do we keep the escrow key?' and
>         'who gets
>         to access the escrow key?'.  If there is no such thing, then these
>         questions don't exist.
>
>
>     I think these questions will need to be both asked and answered,
>     although I'd be delighted to be proved wrong.
>
>         Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for
>         reviewing any proposed designs?
>
>
>     Your other points all LGTM.
>
>     --
>     Rob Stradling
>     Senior Research & Development Scientist
>     COMODO - Creating Trust Online
>
>
>     _______________________________________________
>     Trans mailing list
>     Trans@ietf.org <mailto:Trans@ietf.org>
>     https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>     <https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans>
>
>

--
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online
Office Tel: +44.(0)1274.730505
Office Fax: +44.(0)1274.730909
www.comodo.com

COMODO CA Limited, Registered in England No. 04058690 Registered Office:
   3rd Floor, 26 Office Village, Exchange Quay,
   Trafford Road, Salford, Manchester M5 3EQ

This e-mail and any files transmitted with it are confidential and intended
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liability can be accepted and the recipient is requested to use their own
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_______________________________________________
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Trans@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans

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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 6 Mar 2017 14:50:34 -0800
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 1:36 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:
> On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 4:22 PM, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:
>>
>> I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the
>> answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a
>> mechanism that requires you to. There are alternatives: name-constrained
>> sub-CAs. Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.
>> Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?
>
> Name-constrained sub-CAs have not been accepted by Chrome as a redaction
> mechanism. They were moved to the redaction spec precisely because they are
> a variation of redaction.

Yes, Ryan hit the nail on the head.  I'm trying to waste brainpower on
coming up with a plan Chrome will accept that allows named-constrained
sub-CAs not log the full details of all the certs they issue.

If Chrome had accepted logging the named-constrained CA certificate in
lieu of logging the end-entity certificate, we would be done.

Thanks,
Peter


From nobody Mon Mar  6 15:30:42 2017
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To: Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
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From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Subject: [Trans] White out (was Re:  Reviving Redaction)
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I think the "white out" proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy 
Days is likely to be far more controversial than the various redaction 
proposals.

"White out" proposes a mechanism for removing or omitting entire 
certificates from logs whilst still "proving" that those certificates 
are "included".  Relying parties have to trust the log to only "white 
out" certs for good reasons.  ISTM that this defeats most of the purpose 
of CT!

 From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1...
   "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
    certificates by providing publicly auditable, append-only, untrusted
    logs of all issued certificates."

ISTM that supporting "white out" would turn that sentence into this...
   "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
    certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, trusted
    logs of some issued certificates."

That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI minus CT!

On 06/03/17 22:26, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
> On the CT days, there was an emphasis on a distinction between white washing
> a cert (removing it from CT) and redaction. Is the white washing in scope
> for the Trans list and this discussion or should it be separate?
>
> I ask because two of the main arguments cited for redaction tend to be:
> 1) Network/New project mapping reveals
> 2) Inclusion if PII in logged certs
>
> If white washing address the second concern, a specification around that
> process could eliminate a good deal of the push for redaction.
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Rob Stradling
> Sent: Monday, March 6, 2017 2:39 PM
> To: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
> Cc: trans@ietf.org; Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
> Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
>
> On 06/03/17 21:22, Ben Laurie wrote:
>> I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the
>> answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a
>> mechanism that requires you to.
>
> I agree that that's the ideal answer, but as we've seen, there is resistance
> to that answer from various participants in the CT ecosystem.
>
>> There are alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs.
>
> We removed that option from 6962-bis.  It's now in
> draft-strad-trans-redaction, but IIRC the Chrome team hinted that they're
> unlikely to ever support it (at least in its current form).
>
>> Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.
>
> Private CAs don't suit every use case, AFAIK.
>
>> Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?
>
> Because Security and Useability aren't always in perfect harmony?
>
> Much as I'd love to stop wasting brainpower on redaction, I think it's a
> conversation that needs to continue for now (although not indefinitely!)
>
>> On 6 March 2017 at 21:16, Rob Stradling wrote:
>>
>>     On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:
>>     <snip>
>>
>>         8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to
>>         have a
>>         full certificate.
>>
>>         Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow
> key
>>         that can "unlock" a precertificate.
>>
>>
>>     In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction
>>     mechanism that envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in
>>     precertificates. That mechanism was deemed problematic by the Chrome
>>     team precisely because "The only way to get the content of a full
>>     certificate is to have a full certificate".
>>     What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a
>>     precertificate for their domain space that they don't recognize?
>>     How do they figure out whether the (pre)cert was misissued or
>>     whether it was legitimately requested by a different team within
>>     their organization?
>>
>>     The redaction mechanism that's documented in
>>     https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3
>>
> <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3>
>>     attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by swapping
>>     ?s for a hash of the unredacted domain.  However, this mechanism has
>>     also been deemed problematic, because it could be trivial to
>>     determine unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.
>>
>>     I think a "sort of escrow key" may be the only viable way to
>>     construct a redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic by
>>     everyone.
>>
>>         This quickly turns into 'where do we keep the escrow key?' and
>>         'who gets
>>         to access the escrow key?'.  If there is no such thing, then these
>>         questions don't exist.
>>
>>
>>     I think these questions will need to be both asked and answered,
>>     although I'd be delighted to be proved wrong.
>>
>>         Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for
>>         reviewing any proposed designs?
>>
>>
>>     Your other points all LGTM.

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


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Date: Mon, 6 Mar 2017 18:46:15 -0500
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Subject: Re: [Trans] White out (was Re: Reviving Redaction)
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On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 6:30 PM, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
wrote:

> I think the "white out" proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy Days
> is likely to be far more controversial than the various redaction proposals.
>
> "White out" proposes a mechanism for removing or omitting entire
> certificates from logs whilst still "proving" that those certificates are
> "included".  Relying parties have to trust the log to only "white out"
> certs for good reasons.  ISTM that this defeats most of the purpose of CT!
>
> From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1...
>   "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
>    certificates by providing publicly auditable, append-only, untrusted
>    logs of all issued certificates."
>
> ISTM that supporting "white out" would turn that sentence into this...
>   "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
>    certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, trusted
>    logs of some issued certificates."
>
> That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI minus CT!
>

Indeed.

I think the takeaway from the proposed solution is that it undermines the
goals of CT to provide the ability to later 'remove' certificates (by
effectively inserting a later node in the tree that includes sufficient
data to recreate the Merkle Tree, by providing its hash, while refusing to
provide that entry to clients).

This is the question of whether to solve this problem technologically - if
it is even possible (and full disclosure, like Rob states, I believe this
seriously undermines the security guarantees) - or whether through policy.
The policy approach is simply to shut the log down, should it ever need to
violate the append-only property, thereby avoiding any particular notion of
additional trustworthiness.

This then becomes an 'implementation guidance' aspect, as clients,
monitor/auditors, and CAs must all be prepared to adjust to changes in
trusted logs commiserate to their belief such a mechanism is
necessary/appropriate. That is, if implementations do not believe there
exists a need to 'remove' certificates, or are willing and able to tolerate
the disappearance of a log, then no further action is necessary.

--001a11411ca250e315054a1880b8
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 6:30 PM, Rob Stradling <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com" target=3D"_blank">rob.stradling@co=
modo.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I think =
the &quot;white out&quot; proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy Days=
 is likely to be far more controversial than the various redaction proposal=
s.<br>
<br>
&quot;White out&quot; proposes a mechanism for removing or omitting entire =
certificates from logs whilst still &quot;proving&quot; that those certific=
ates are &quot;included&quot;.=C2=A0 Relying parties have to trust the log =
to only &quot;white out&quot; certs for good reasons.=C2=A0 ISTM that this =
defeats most of the purpose of CT!<br>
<br>
>From <a href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1." rel=3D"nore=
ferrer" target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rf<wbr>c6962#section-=
1.</a>..<br>
=C2=A0 &quot;Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misis=
sued<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0certificates by providing publicly auditable, append-only, unt=
rusted<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0logs of all issued certificates.&quot;<br>
<br>
ISTM that supporting &quot;white out&quot; would turn that sentence into th=
is...<br>
=C2=A0 &quot;Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misis=
sued<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, trus=
ted<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0logs of some issued certificates.&quot;<br>
<br>
That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI minus CT!<br></blockquote><div=
><br></div><div>Indeed.</div><div><br></div><div>I think the takeaway from =
the proposed solution is that it undermines the goals of CT to provide the =
ability to later &#39;remove&#39; certificates (by effectively inserting a =
later node in the tree that includes sufficient data to recreate the Merkle=
 Tree, by providing its hash, while refusing to provide that entry to clien=
ts).</div><div><br></div><div>This is the question of whether to solve this=
 problem technologically - if it is even possible (and full disclosure, lik=
e Rob states, I believe this seriously undermines the security guarantees) =
- or whether through policy. The policy approach is simply to shut the log =
down, should it ever need to violate the append-only property, thereby avoi=
ding any particular notion of additional trustworthiness.</div><div><br></d=
iv><div>This then becomes an &#39;implementation guidance&#39; aspect, as c=
lients, monitor/auditors, and CAs must all be prepared to adjust to changes=
 in trusted logs commiserate to their belief such a mechanism is necessary/=
appropriate. That is, if implementations do not believe there exists a need=
 to &#39;remove&#39; certificates, or are willing and able to tolerate the =
disappearance of a log, then no further action is necessary.</div></div></d=
iv></div>

--001a11411ca250e315054a1880b8--


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To: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] White out (was Re: Reviving Redaction)
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Agreed, it=E2=80=99s more controversial, but whether a white out =
mechanism undermines CT depends on whether a whited-out entry still =
serves as a SCT.  If a whited-out entry does not count towards a the log =
requirements, then it=E2=80=99s the same as not logging the cert in the =
first place. I=E2=80=99m not sure how that would work yet, but that was =
a suggestion at the CT days.

=20

Currently, the Chrome policy doesn=E2=80=99t permit quickly spinning up =
new logs with omitted certificates. =20

=20

From: Ryan Sleevi [mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com]=20
Sent: Monday, March 6, 2017 4:46 PM
To: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
Cc: Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>; Ben Laurie =
<benl@google.com>; trans@ietf.org; Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] White out (was Re: Reviving Redaction)

=20

=20

=20

On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 6:30 PM, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com =
<mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com> > wrote:

I think the "white out" proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy =
Days is likely to be far more controversial than the various redaction =
proposals.

"White out" proposes a mechanism for removing or omitting entire =
certificates from logs whilst still "proving" that those certificates =
are "included".  Relying parties have to trust the log to only "white =
out" certs for good reasons.  ISTM that this defeats most of the purpose =
of CT!

>From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1...
  "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
   certificates by providing publicly auditable, append-only, untrusted
   logs of all issued certificates."

ISTM that supporting "white out" would turn that sentence into this...
  "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
   certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, trusted
   logs of some issued certificates."

That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI minus CT!

=20

Indeed.

=20

I think the takeaway from the proposed solution is that it undermines =
the goals of CT to provide the ability to later 'remove' certificates =
(by effectively inserting a later node in the tree that includes =
sufficient data to recreate the Merkle Tree, by providing its hash, =
while refusing to provide that entry to clients).

=20

This is the question of whether to solve this problem technologically - =
if it is even possible (and full disclosure, like Rob states, I believe =
this seriously undermines the security guarantees) - or whether through =
policy. The policy approach is simply to shut the log down, should it =
ever need to violate the append-only property, thereby avoiding any =
particular notion of additional trustworthiness.

=20

This then becomes an 'implementation guidance' aspect, as clients, =
monitor/auditors, and CAs must all be prepared to adjust to changes in =
trusted logs commiserate to their belief such a mechanism is =
necessary/appropriate. That is, if implementations do not believe there =
exists a need to 'remove' certificates, or are willing and able to =
tolerate the disappearance of a log, then no further action is =
necessary.


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vlink=3Dpurple><div class=3DWordSection1><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Agreed, =
it=E2=80=99s more controversial, but whether a white out mechanism =
undermines CT depends on whether a whited-out entry still serves as a =
SCT. =C2=A0If a whited-out entry does not count towards a the log =
requirements, then it=E2=80=99s the same as not logging the cert in the =
first place. I=E2=80=99m not sure how that would work yet, but that was =
a suggestion at the CT days.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Currently, =
the Chrome policy doesn=E2=80=99t permit quickly spinning up new logs =
with omitted certificates. =C2=A0<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><a name=3D"_MailEndCompose"><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></a></p><span =
style=3D'mso-bookmark:_MailEndCompose'></span><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span><=
/b><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> =
Ryan Sleevi [mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com] <br><b>Sent:</b> Monday, March =
6, 2017 4:46 PM<br><b>To:</b> Rob Stradling =
&lt;rob.stradling@comodo.com&gt;<br><b>Cc:</b> Jeremy Rowley =
&lt;jeremy.rowley@digicert.com&gt;; Ben Laurie &lt;benl@google.com&gt;; =
trans@ietf.org; Peter Bowen &lt;pzbowen@gmail.com&gt;<br><b>Subject:</b> =
Re: [Trans] White out (was Re: Reviving =
Redaction)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p class=3DMsoNormal>On Mon, =
Mar 6, 2017 at 6:30 PM, Rob Stradling &lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com" =
target=3D"_blank">rob.stradling@comodo.com</a>&gt; =
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid =
#CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>I think =
the &quot;white out&quot; proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy =
Days is likely to be far more controversial than the various redaction =
proposals.<br><br>&quot;White out&quot; proposes a mechanism for =
removing or omitting entire certificates from logs whilst still =
&quot;proving&quot; that those certificates are =
&quot;included&quot;.&nbsp; Relying parties have to trust the log to =
only &quot;white out&quot; certs for good reasons.&nbsp; ISTM that this =
defeats most of the purpose of CT!<br><br>From <a =
href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1." =
target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1.</a>..<br=
>&nbsp; &quot;Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of =
misissued<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;certificates by providing publicly auditable, =
append-only, untrusted<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;logs of all issued =
certificates.&quot;<br><br>ISTM that supporting &quot;white out&quot; =
would turn that sentence into this...<br>&nbsp; &quot;Certificate =
transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued<br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp;certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, =
trusted<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;logs of some issued =
certificates.&quot;<br><br>That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI =
minus CT!<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>Indeed.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal>I =
think the takeaway from the proposed solution is that it undermines the =
goals of CT to provide the ability to later 'remove' certificates (by =
effectively inserting a later node in the tree that includes sufficient =
data to recreate the Merkle Tree, by providing its hash, while refusing =
to provide that entry to clients).<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>This is the question of whether to solve this problem =
technologically - if it is even possible (and full disclosure, like Rob =
states, I believe this seriously undermines the security guarantees) - =
or whether through policy. The policy approach is simply to shut the log =
down, should it ever need to violate the append-only property, thereby =
avoiding any particular notion of additional =
trustworthiness.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>This then becomes an 'implementation guidance' aspect, =
as clients, monitor/auditors, and CAs must all be prepared to adjust to =
changes in trusted logs commiserate to their belief such a mechanism is =
necessary/appropriate. That is, if implementations do not believe there =
exists a need to 'remove' certificates, or are willing and able to =
tolerate the disappearance of a log, then no further action is =
necessary.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></body></html>
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From: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
Date: Mon, 6 Mar 2017 21:16:27 -0500
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Subject: Re: [Trans] White out (was Re: Reviving Redaction)
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--001a113c35567b8041054a1a998d
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On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 7:00 PM, Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>
wrote:

> Currently, the Chrome policy doesn=E2=80=99t permit quickly spinning up n=
ew logs
> with omitted certificates.
>

That's correct, and as discussed, that's open to change to address various
implementation concerns.

Which is my point - that this isn't necessarily one which requires a
technical solution or engineering, and is more an aspect of implementation
and implementation guidance. Everything provided by RFC 6962 or RFC
6962-bis supports addressing this concern without any changes to either
spec - provided that implementations (which believe such concerns are
valid) can appropriately address them via other, provided-for means.

I don't think we should expend energy on specifying that unless we have
reason to believe that it's impossible to implement agility for logs IF
such a scenario were to happen and be seen as valid. But there's no reason
to overly complicate and undermine the security properties to do so.

--001a113c35567b8041054a1a998d
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 7:00 PM, Jeremy Rowley <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:jeremy.rowley@digicert.com" target=3D"_blank">jeremy.rowley@=
digicert.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" sty=
le=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div l=
ang=3D"EN-US" link=3D"blue" vlink=3D"purple"><div class=3D"m_-4173651519152=
717757WordSection1"><p class=3D"MsoNormal"><span style=3D"font-family:Calib=
ri,sans-serif;font-size:11pt">Currently, the Chrome policy doesn=E2=80=99t =
permit quickly spinning up new logs with omitted certificates. =C2=A0</span=
></p></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>That&#39;s correct, and a=
s discussed, that&#39;s open to change to address various implementation co=
ncerns.</div><div><br></div><div>Which is my point - that this isn&#39;t ne=
cessarily one which requires a technical solution or engineering, and is mo=
re an aspect of implementation and implementation guidance. Everything prov=
ided by RFC 6962 or RFC 6962-bis supports addressing this concern without a=
ny changes to either spec - provided that implementations (which believe su=
ch concerns are valid) can appropriately address them via other, provided-f=
or means.</div><div><br></div><div>I don&#39;t think we should expend energ=
y on specifying that unless we have reason to believe that it&#39;s impossi=
ble to implement agility for logs IF such a scenario were to happen and be =
seen as valid. But there&#39;s no reason to overly complicate and undermine=
 the security properties to do so.=C2=A0</div></div><br></div></div>

--001a113c35567b8041054a1a998d--


From nobody Tue Mar  7 01:50:52 2017
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From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] White out (was Re: Reviving Redaction)
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On 07/03/17 00:00, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
> Agreed, it’s more controversial, but whether a white out mechanism
> undermines CT depends on whether a whited-out entry still serves as a
> SCT.  If a whited-out entry does not count towards a the log
> requirements, then it’s the same as not logging the cert in the first
> place. I’m not sure how that would work yet, but that was a suggestion
> at the CT days.

I think the only way it could conceivably work (without undermining CT) 
is by introducing a revocation mechanism for SCTs and a revocation 
mechanism for inclusion proofs, both of which would need to be 100% 
reliable.

Let's not go there.

> Currently, the Chrome policy doesn’t permit quickly spinning up new logs
> with omitted certificates.
>
>
>
> *From:*Ryan Sleevi [mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com]
> *Sent:* Monday, March 6, 2017 4:46 PM
> *To:* Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
> *Cc:* Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>; Ben Laurie
> <benl@google.com>; trans@ietf.org; Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
> *Subject:* Re: [Trans] White out (was Re: Reviving Redaction)
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 6:30 PM, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com
> <mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com>> wrote:
>
>     I think the "white out" proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy
>     Days is likely to be far more controversial than the various
>     redaction proposals.
>
>     "White out" proposes a mechanism for removing or omitting entire
>     certificates from logs whilst still "proving" that those
>     certificates are "included".  Relying parties have to trust the log
>     to only "white out" certs for good reasons.  ISTM that this defeats
>     most of the purpose of CT!
>
>     From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1...
>       "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
>        certificates by providing publicly auditable, append-only, untrusted
>        logs of all issued certificates."
>
>     ISTM that supporting "white out" would turn that sentence into this...
>       "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
>        certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, trusted
>        logs of some issued certificates."
>
>     That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI minus CT!
>
>
>
> Indeed.
>
>
>
> I think the takeaway from the proposed solution is that it undermines
> the goals of CT to provide the ability to later 'remove' certificates
> (by effectively inserting a later node in the tree that includes
> sufficient data to recreate the Merkle Tree, by providing its hash,
> while refusing to provide that entry to clients).
>
>
>
> This is the question of whether to solve this problem technologically -
> if it is even possible (and full disclosure, like Rob states, I believe
> this seriously undermines the security guarantees) - or whether through
> policy. The policy approach is simply to shut the log down, should it
> ever need to violate the append-only property, thereby avoiding any
> particular notion of additional trustworthiness.
>
>
>
> This then becomes an 'implementation guidance' aspect, as clients,
> monitor/auditors, and CAs must all be prepared to adjust to changes in
> trusted logs commiserate to their belief such a mechanism is
> necessary/appropriate. That is, if implementations do not believe there
> exists a need to 'remove' certificates, or are willing and able to
> tolerate the disappearance of a log, then no further action is necessary.
>

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


From nobody Tue Mar  7 09:43:44 2017
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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2017 17:43:39 +0000
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Cc: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>, Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] White out (was Re:  Reviving Redaction)
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--001a114e72c266105d054a278d17
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On 6 March 2017 at 23:30, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com> wrote:

> I think the "white out" proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy Days
> is likely to be far more controversial than the various redaction proposals.
>
> "White out" proposes a mechanism for removing or omitting entire
> certificates from logs whilst still "proving" that those certificates are
> "included".  Relying parties have to trust the log to only "white out"
> certs for good reasons.  ISTM that this defeats most of the purpose of CT!
>
> From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1...
>   "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
>    certificates by providing publicly auditable, append-only, untrusted
>    logs of all issued certificates."
>
> ISTM that supporting "white out" would turn that sentence into this...
>   "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
>    certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, trusted
>    logs of some issued certificates."
>
> That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI minus CT!
>

I think if this kind of thing is going to work, you have to also log the
reason for removing the cert (e.g. link to court order :-).


>
> On 06/03/17 22:26, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
>
>> On the CT days, there was an emphasis on a distinction between white
>> washing
>> a cert (removing it from CT) and redaction. Is the white washing in scope
>> for the Trans list and this discussion or should it be separate?
>>
>> I ask because two of the main arguments cited for redaction tend to be:
>> 1) Network/New project mapping reveals
>> 2) Inclusion if PII in logged certs
>>
>> If white washing address the second concern, a specification around that
>> process could eliminate a good deal of the push for redaction.
>>
>>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Rob Stradling
>> Sent: Monday, March 6, 2017 2:39 PM
>> To: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
>> Cc: trans@ietf.org; Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
>> Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
>>
>> On 06/03/17 21:22, Ben Laurie wrote:
>>
>>> I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the
>>> answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a
>>> mechanism that requires you to.
>>>
>>
>> I agree that that's the ideal answer, but as we've seen, there is
>> resistance
>> to that answer from various participants in the CT ecosystem.
>>
>> There are alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs.
>>>
>>
>> We removed that option from 6962-bis.  It's now in
>> draft-strad-trans-redaction, but IIRC the Chrome team hinted that they're
>> unlikely to ever support it (at least in its current form).
>>
>> Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.
>>>
>>
>> Private CAs don't suit every use case, AFAIK.
>>
>> Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?
>>>
>>
>> Because Security and Useability aren't always in perfect harmony?
>>
>> Much as I'd love to stop wasting brainpower on redaction, I think it's a
>> conversation that needs to continue for now (although not indefinitely!)
>>
>> On 6 March 2017 at 21:16, Rob Stradling wrote:
>>>
>>>     On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:
>>>     <snip>
>>>
>>>         8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to
>>>         have a
>>>         full certificate.
>>>
>>>         Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow
>>>
>> key
>>
>>>         that can "unlock" a precertificate.
>>>
>>>
>>>     In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction
>>>     mechanism that envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in
>>>     precertificates. That mechanism was deemed problematic by the Chrome
>>>     team precisely because "The only way to get the content of a full
>>>     certificate is to have a full certificate".
>>>     What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a
>>>     precertificate for their domain space that they don't recognize?
>>>     How do they figure out whether the (pre)cert was misissued or
>>>     whether it was legitimately requested by a different team within
>>>     their organization?
>>>
>>>     The redaction mechanism that's documented in
>>>     https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#
>>> section-3.3
>>>
>>> <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3>
>>
>>>     attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by swapping
>>>     ?s for a hash of the unredacted domain.  However, this mechanism has
>>>     also been deemed problematic, because it could be trivial to
>>>     determine unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.
>>>
>>>     I think a "sort of escrow key" may be the only viable way to
>>>     construct a redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic by
>>>     everyone.
>>>
>>>         This quickly turns into 'where do we keep the escrow key?' and
>>>         'who gets
>>>         to access the escrow key?'.  If there is no such thing, then
>>> these
>>>         questions don't exist.
>>>
>>>
>>>     I think these questions will need to be both asked and answered,
>>>     although I'd be delighted to be proved wrong.
>>>
>>>         Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for
>>>         reviewing any proposed designs?
>>>
>>>
>>>     Your other points all LGTM.
>>>
>>
> --
> Rob Stradling
> Senior Research & Development Scientist
> COMODO - Creating Trust Online
>

--001a114e72c266105d054a278d17
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 6 March 2017 at 23:30, Rob Stradling <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com" target=3D"_blank">rob.stradling@comodo=
.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"ma=
rgin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I think the &q=
uot;white out&quot; proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy Days is li=
kely to be far more controversial than the various redaction proposals.<br>
<br>
&quot;White out&quot; proposes a mechanism for removing or omitting entire =
certificates from logs whilst still &quot;proving&quot; that those certific=
ates are &quot;included&quot;.=C2=A0 Relying parties have to trust the log =
to only &quot;white out&quot; certs for good reasons.=C2=A0 ISTM that this =
defeats most of the purpose of CT!<br>
<br>
>From <a href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1." rel=3D"nore=
ferrer" target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rf<wbr>c6962#section-=
1.</a>..<br>
=C2=A0 &quot;Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misis=
sued<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0certificates by providing publicly auditable, append-only, unt=
rusted<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0logs of all issued certificates.&quot;<br>
<br>
ISTM that supporting &quot;white out&quot; would turn that sentence into th=
is...<br>
=C2=A0 &quot;Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misis=
sued<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, trus=
ted<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0logs of some issued certificates.&quot;<br>
<br>
That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI minus CT!<br></blockquote><div=
><br></div><div>I think if this kind of thing is going to work, you have to=
 also log the reason for removing the cert (e.g. link to court order :-).</=
div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 =
0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
On 06/03/17 22:26, Jeremy Rowley wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
On the CT days, there was an emphasis on a distinction between white washin=
g<br>
a cert (removing it from CT) and redaction. Is the white washing in scope<b=
r>
for the Trans list and this discussion or should it be separate?<br>
<br>
I ask because two of the main arguments cited for redaction tend to be:<br>
1) Network/New project mapping reveals<br>
2) Inclusion if PII in logged certs<br>
<br>
If white washing address the second concern, a specification around that<br=
>
process could eliminate a good deal of the push for redaction.<br>
<br>
<br>
-----Original Message-----<br>
From: Trans [mailto:<a href=3D"mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org" target=3D"_bl=
ank">trans-bounces@ietf.org</a><wbr>] On Behalf Of Rob Stradling<br>
Sent: Monday, March 6, 2017 2:39 PM<br>
To: Ben Laurie &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:benl@google.com" target=3D"_blank">ben=
l@google.com</a>&gt;<br>
Cc: <a href=3D"mailto:trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">trans@ietf.org</a>;=
 Peter Bowen &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">pzb=
owen@gmail.com</a>&gt;<br>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction<br>
<br>
On 06/03/17 21:22, Ben Laurie wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the<br>
answer is: if you don&#39;t want to publish your names, then don&#39;t use =
a<br>
mechanism that requires you to.<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
I agree that that&#39;s the ideal answer, but as we&#39;ve seen, there is r=
esistance<br>
to that answer from various participants in the CT ecosystem.<br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
There are alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs.<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
We removed that option from 6962-bis.=C2=A0 It&#39;s now in<br>
draft-strad-trans-redaction, but IIRC the Chrome team hinted that they&#39;=
re<br>
unlikely to ever support it (at least in its current form).<br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Private CAs don&#39;t suit every use case, AFAIK.<br>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?<br>
</blockquote>
<br>
Because Security and Useability aren&#39;t always in perfect harmony?<br>
<br>
Much as I&#39;d love to stop wasting brainpower on redaction, I think it&#3=
9;s a<br>
conversation that needs to continue for now (although not indefinitely!)<br=
>
<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
On 6 March 2017 at 21:16, Rob Stradling wrote:<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 &lt;snip&gt;<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 8) The only way to get the content of a full ce=
rtificate is to<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 have a<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 full certificate.<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 Rationale: An alternative option is to have som=
e sort of escrow<br>
</blockquote>
key<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 that can &quot;unlock&quot; a precertificate.<b=
r>
<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction<b=
r>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 mechanism that envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in<=
br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 precertificates. That mechanism was deemed problematic by the=
 Chrome<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 team precisely because &quot;The only way to get the content =
of a full<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 certificate is to have a full certificate&quot;.<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a<b=
r>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 precertificate for their domain space that they don&#39;t rec=
ognize?<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 How do they figure out whether the (pre)cert was misissued or=
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 whether it was legitimately requested by a different team wit=
hin<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 their organization?<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 The redaction mechanism that&#39;s documented in<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 <a href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-reda=
ction-01#section-3.3" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ie=
tf.org/html/dr<wbr>aft-strad-trans-redaction-01#<wbr>section-3.3</a><br>
<br>
</blockquote>
&lt;<a href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#s=
ection-3.3" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/htm=
l/d<wbr>raft-strad-trans-redaction-01#<wbr>section-3.3</a>&gt;<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by s=
wapping<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 ?s for a hash of the unredacted domain.=C2=A0 However, this m=
echanism has<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 also been deemed problematic, because it could be trivial to<=
br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 determine unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 I think a &quot;sort of escrow key&quot; may be the only viab=
le way to<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 construct a redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problemati=
c by<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 everyone.<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 This quickly turns into &#39;where do we keep t=
he escrow key?&#39; and<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 &#39;who gets<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 to access the escrow key?&#39;.=C2=A0 If there =
is no such thing, then these<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 questions don&#39;t exist.<br>
<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 I think these questions will need to be both asked and answer=
ed,<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 although I&#39;d be delighted to be proved wrong.<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 Do others agree that these are true and can be =
used as givens for<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 reviewing any proposed designs?<br>
<br>
<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 Your other points all LGTM.<span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=
=3D"#888888"><br>
</font></span></blockquote></blockquote><span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=
=3D"#888888">
<br>
-- <br>
Rob Stradling<br>
Senior Research &amp; Development Scientist<br>
COMODO - Creating Trust Online<br>
</font></span></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a114e72c266105d054a278d17--


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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2017 17:44:33 +0000
Message-ID: <CABrd9SQ5BshJgCfGFg6F5gGV6eaW9LVtPV8csdgi7YOaEAUY3A@mail.gmail.com>
To: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
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Cc: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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On 6 March 2017 at 21:36, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:

>
>
> On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 4:22 PM, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:
>
>> I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the
>> answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a
>> mechanism that requires you to. There are alternatives: name-constrained
>> sub-CAs. Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.
>> Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?
>>
>
> Ben:
>
> Name-constrained sub-CAs have not been accepted by Chrome as a redaction
> mechanism. They were moved to the redaction spec precisely because they are
> a variation of redaction.
>

Ah, good point. They're probably a good idea for private CAs, though. :-)

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 6 March 2017 at 21:36, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"=
mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div =
class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span class=3D"">On Mo=
n, Mar 6, 2017 at 4:22 PM, Ben Laurie <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mail=
to:benl@google.com" target=3D"_blank">benl@google.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:=
<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-lef=
t:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">I think you can waste a=
 lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the answer is: if you don&#39;t=
 want to publish your names, then don&#39;t use a mechanism that requires y=
ou to. There are alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs. Private CAs. You c=
an even have private CT to go along with them. Why mess up a protocol whose=
 intent is to show everything?</div></blockquote><div><br></div></span><div=
>Ben:</div><div><br></div><div>Name-constrained sub-CAs have not been accep=
ted by Chrome as a redaction mechanism. They were moved to the redaction sp=
ec precisely because they are a variation of redaction.</div></div></div></=
div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Ah, good point. They&#39;re probably a=
 good idea for private CAs, though. :-)</div><div>=C2=A0</div></div><br></d=
iv></div>

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To: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
Thread-Topic: White out (was Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction)
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I highly doubt there would be a court order. However, I think linking to the 
applicable cease and desist, take down request, privacy issue, etc. is 
reasonable.



From: Ben Laurie [mailto:benl@google.com]
Sent: Tuesday, March 7, 2017 10:44 AM
To: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
Cc: Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>; trans@ietf.org; Peter Bowen 
<pzbowen@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: White out (was Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction)







On 6 March 2017 at 23:30, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com 
<mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com> > wrote:

I think the "white out" proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy Days is 
likely to be far more controversial than the various redaction proposals.

"White out" proposes a mechanism for removing or omitting entire certificates 
from logs whilst still "proving" that those certificates are "included". 
Relying parties have to trust the log to only "white out" certs for good 
reasons.  ISTM that this defeats most of the purpose of CT!

>From https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1...
  "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
   certificates by providing publicly auditable, append-only, untrusted
   logs of all issued certificates."

ISTM that supporting "white out" would turn that sentence into this...
  "Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued
   certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, trusted
   logs of some issued certificates."

That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI minus CT!



I think if this kind of thing is going to work, you have to also log the 
reason for removing the cert (e.g. link to court order :-).




On 06/03/17 22:26, Jeremy Rowley wrote:

On the CT days, there was an emphasis on a distinction between white washing
a cert (removing it from CT) and redaction. Is the white washing in scope
for the Trans list and this discussion or should it be separate?

I ask because two of the main arguments cited for redaction tend to be:
1) Network/New project mapping reveals
2) Inclusion if PII in logged certs

If white washing address the second concern, a specification around that
process could eliminate a good deal of the push for redaction.


-----Original Message-----
From: Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org <mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org> ] 
On Behalf Of Rob Stradling
Sent: Monday, March 6, 2017 2:39 PM
To: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com <mailto:benl@google.com> >
Cc: trans@ietf.org <mailto:trans@ietf.org> ; Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com 
<mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com> >
Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction

On 06/03/17 21:22, Ben Laurie wrote:

I think you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the
answer is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use a
mechanism that requires you to.


I agree that that's the ideal answer, but as we've seen, there is resistance
to that answer from various participants in the CT ecosystem.

There are alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs.


We removed that option from 6962-bis.  It's now in
draft-strad-trans-redaction, but IIRC the Chrome team hinted that they're
unlikely to ever support it (at least in its current form).

Private CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with them.


Private CAs don't suit every use case, AFAIK.

Why mess up a protocol whose intent is to show everything?


Because Security and Useability aren't always in perfect harmony?

Much as I'd love to stop wasting brainpower on redaction, I think it's a
conversation that needs to continue for now (although not indefinitely!)

On 6 March 2017 at 21:16, Rob Stradling wrote:

    On 06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:
    <snip>

        8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to
        have a
        full certificate.

        Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow

key

        that can "unlock" a precertificate.


    In previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction
    mechanism that envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s in
    precertificates. That mechanism was deemed problematic by the Chrome
    team precisely because "The only way to get the content of a full
    certificate is to have a full certificate".
    What recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a
    precertificate for their domain space that they don't recognize?
    How do they figure out whether the (pre)cert was misissued or
    whether it was legitimately requested by a different team within
    their organization?

    The redaction mechanism that's documented in
    https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3

<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#section-3.3>

    attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by swapping
    ?s for a hash of the unredacted domain.  However, this mechanism has
    also been deemed problematic, because it could be trivial to
    determine unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.

    I think a "sort of escrow key" may be the only viable way to
    construct a redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic by
    everyone.

        This quickly turns into 'where do we keep the escrow key?' and
        'who gets
        to access the escrow key?'.  If there is no such thing, then these
        questions don't exist.


    I think these questions will need to be both asked and answered,
    although I'd be delighted to be proved wrong.

        Do others agree that these are true and can be used as givens for
        reviewing any proposed designs?


    Your other points all LGTM.


-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online




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vlink=3Dpurple><div class=3DWordSection1><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>I highly =
doubt there would be a court order. However, I think linking to the =
applicable cease and desist, take down request, privacy issue, etc. is =
reasonable. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><a =
name=3D"_MailEndCompose"><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></a></p><span =
style=3D'mso-bookmark:_MailEndCompose'></span><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span><=
/b><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> =
Ben Laurie [mailto:benl@google.com] <br><b>Sent:</b> Tuesday, March 7, =
2017 10:44 AM<br><b>To:</b> Rob Stradling =
&lt;rob.stradling@comodo.com&gt;<br><b>Cc:</b> Jeremy Rowley =
&lt;jeremy.rowley@digicert.com&gt;; trans@ietf.org; Peter Bowen =
&lt;pzbowen@gmail.com&gt;<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: White out (was Re: =
[Trans] Reviving Redaction)<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p class=3DMsoNormal>On 6 =
March 2017 at 23:30, Rob Stradling &lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com" =
target=3D"_blank">rob.stradling@comodo.com</a>&gt; =
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid =
#CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>I think =
the &quot;white out&quot; proposal that was discussed at the CT Policy =
Days is likely to be far more controversial than the various redaction =
proposals.<br><br>&quot;White out&quot; proposes a mechanism for =
removing or omitting entire certificates from logs whilst still =
&quot;proving&quot; that those certificates are =
&quot;included&quot;.&nbsp; Relying parties have to trust the log to =
only &quot;white out&quot; certs for good reasons.&nbsp; ISTM that this =
defeats most of the purpose of CT!<br><br>From <a =
href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1." =
target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6962#section-1.</a>..<br=
>&nbsp; &quot;Certificate transparency aims to mitigate the problem of =
misissued<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;certificates by providing publicly auditable, =
append-only, untrusted<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;logs of all issued =
certificates.&quot;<br><br>ISTM that supporting &quot;white out&quot; =
would turn that sentence into this...<br>&nbsp; &quot;Certificate =
transparency aims to mitigate the problem of misissued<br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp;certificates by providing publicly auditable, modifiable, =
trusted<br>&nbsp; &nbsp;logs of some issued =
certificates.&quot;<br><br>That sounds not too dissimilar to the WebPKI =
minus CT!<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal>I =
think if this kind of thing is going to work, you have to also log the =
reason for removing the cert (e.g. link to court order =
:-).<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></p></div><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal><br>On =
06/03/17 22:26, Jeremy Rowley wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>On the CT =
days, there was an emphasis on a distinction between white washing<br>a =
cert (removing it from CT) and redaction. Is the white washing in =
scope<br>for the Trans list and this discussion or should it be =
separate?<br><br>I ask because two of the main arguments cited for =
redaction tend to be:<br>1) Network/New project mapping reveals<br>2) =
Inclusion if PII in logged certs<br><br>If white washing address the =
second concern, a specification around that<br>process could eliminate a =
good deal of the push for redaction.<br><br><br>-----Original =
Message-----<br>From: Trans [mailto:<a =
href=3D"mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org" =
target=3D"_blank">trans-bounces@ietf.org</a>] On Behalf Of Rob =
Stradling<br>Sent: Monday, March 6, 2017 2:39 PM<br>To: Ben Laurie =
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:benl@google.com" =
target=3D"_blank">benl@google.com</a>&gt;<br>Cc: <a =
href=3D"mailto:trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">trans@ietf.org</a>; =
Peter Bowen &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com" =
target=3D"_blank">pzbowen@gmail.com</a>&gt;<br>Subject: Re: [Trans] =
Reviving Redaction<br><br>On 06/03/17 21:22, Ben Laurie =
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid =
#CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>I think =
you can waste a lot of brainpower on redaction, but really the<br>answer =
is: if you don't want to publish your names, then don't use =
a<br>mechanism that requires you to.<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><p =
class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>I agree that that's =
the ideal answer, but as we've seen, there is resistance<br>to that =
answer from various participants in the CT =
ecosystem.<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>There are =
alternatives: name-constrained sub-CAs.<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><p =
class=3DMsoNormal style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>We removed that =
option from 6962-bis.&nbsp; It's now in<br>draft-strad-trans-redaction, =
but IIRC the Chrome team hinted that they're<br>unlikely to ever support =
it (at least in its current form).<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>Private =
CAs. You can even have private CT to go along with =
them.<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>Private CAs don't suit every use =
case, AFAIK.<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>Why mess =
up a protocol whose intent is to show =
everything?<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'><br>Because Security and Useability =
aren't always in perfect harmony?<br><br>Much as I'd love to stop =
wasting brainpower on redaction, I think it's a<br>conversation that =
needs to continue for now (although not =
indefinitely!)<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>On 6 =
March 2017 at 21:16, Rob Stradling wrote:<br><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; On =
06/03/17 06:06, Peter Bowen wrote:<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; =
&lt;snip&gt;<br><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 8) The only way to get =
the content of a full certificate is to<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; =
have a<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; full certificate.<br><br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Rationale: An alternative option is to have some =
sort of escrow<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>key<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal =
style=3D'margin-bottom:12.0pt'>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; that can =
&quot;unlock&quot; a precertificate.<br><br><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; In =
previous iterations of 6962-bis, we proposed a redaction<br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp; mechanism that envisaged replacing domains labels with ?s =
in<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; precertificates. That mechanism was deemed =
problematic by the Chrome<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; team precisely because =
&quot;The only way to get the content of a full<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; =
certificate is to have a full certificate&quot;.<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; What =
recourse does a domain owner have when they discover a<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; =
precertificate for their domain space that they don't =
recognize?<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; How do they figure out whether the (pre)cert =
was misissued or<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; whether it was legitimately requested =
by a different team within<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; their =
organization?<br><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; The redaction mechanism that's =
documented in<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; <a =
href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#sectio=
n-3.3" =
target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction=
-01#section-3.3</a><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>&lt;<a =
href=3D"https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction-01#sectio=
n-3.3" =
target=3D"_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-strad-trans-redaction=
-01#section-3.3</a>&gt;<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote =
style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid #CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>&nbsp; =
&nbsp; attempted to find a solution to this problem of recourse by =
swapping<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; ?s for a hash of the unredacted domain.&nbsp; =
However, this mechanism has<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; also been deemed =
problematic, because it could be trivial to<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; determine =
unredacted labels via dictionary attacks.<br><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; I think a =
&quot;sort of escrow key&quot; may be the only viable way to<br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp; construct a redaction mechanism that is deemed non-problematic =
by<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; everyone.<br><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; This =
quickly turns into 'where do we keep the escrow key?' and<br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 'who gets<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; to access =
the escrow key?'.&nbsp; If there is no such thing, then these<br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; questions don't exist.<br><br><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; I =
think these questions will need to be both asked and answered,<br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp; although I'd be delighted to be proved wrong.<br><br>&nbsp; =
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Do others agree that these are true and can be used =
as givens for<br>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; reviewing any proposed =
designs?<br><br><br>&nbsp; &nbsp; Your other points all =
LGTM.<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></blockquote><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'color:#888888'><br><span class=3Dhoenzb>-- </span><br><span =
class=3Dhoenzb>Rob Stradling</span><br><span class=3Dhoenzb>Senior =
Research &amp; Development Scientist</span><br><span =
class=3Dhoenzb>COMODO - Creating Trust =
Online</span></span><o:p></o:p></p></blockquote></div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div></div></div></body></html>
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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2017 18:10:20 +0000
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Cc: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>, Trans <trans@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [Trans] STH Discipline & Security Considerations
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On 3 March 2017 at 19:09, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:

> On Fri, 3 Mar 2017 13:24:51 -0500
> Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
> > - A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the
> > certificate in question.  Possibly a serial number in STH that SCTs
> > could refer to.
>
> Is this necessary?  Why not define the canonical STH as the first STH
> issued after the SCT (based on timestamp)?
>

That doesn't work - the cert may not have been included in the log by then.

That said, not sure how Richard's proposal works, either - in general, the
front-end that returns the SCT cannot know when the cert will be included,
and hence cannot predict the relevant STH.

Not entirely sure I agree with the initial premise anyway.

>
>

--94eb2c0944d6d4cf27054a27eca2
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 3 March 2017 at 19:09, Andrew Ayer <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"=
mailto:agwa@andrewayer.name" target=3D"_blank">agwa@andrewayer.name</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=3D"">On Fri, 3=
 Mar 2017 13:24:51 -0500<br>
Richard Barnes &lt;rlb@ipv.sx&gt; wrote:<br></span><div><div class=3D"h5">&=
gt; - A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the<br>
&gt; certificate in question.=C2=A0 Possibly a serial number in STH that SC=
Ts<br>
&gt; could refer to.<br>
<br>
</div></div>Is this necessary?=C2=A0 Why not define the canonical STH as th=
e first STH<br>
issued after the SCT (based on timestamp)?<br></blockquote><div><br></div><=
div>That doesn&#39;t work - the cert may not have been included in the log =
by then.</div><div><br></div><div>That said, not sure how Richard&#39;s pro=
posal works, either - in general, the front-end that returns the SCT cannot=
 know when the cert will be included, and hence cannot predict the relevant=
 STH.</div><div><br></div><div>Not entirely sure I agree with the initial p=
remise anyway.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0=
 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><br></blockquote></div><=
/div></div>

--94eb2c0944d6d4cf27054a27eca2--


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2017 14:00:01 -0500
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To: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
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Cc: Trans <trans@ietf.org>, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
Subject: Re: [Trans] STH Discipline & Security Considerations
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--001a114433a68663ee054a289e71
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On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 1:10 PM, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:

>
>
> On 3 March 2017 at 19:09, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:
>
>> On Fri, 3 Mar 2017 13:24:51 -0500
>> Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>> > - A field in an SCT that indicates the canonical STH for the
>> > certificate in question.  Possibly a serial number in STH that SCTs
>> > could refer to.
>>
>> Is this necessary?  Why not define the canonical STH as the first STH
>> issued after the SCT (based on timestamp)?
>>
>
> That doesn't work - the cert may not have been included in the log by then.
>
> That said, not sure how Richard's proposal works, either - in general, the
> front-end that returns the SCT cannot know when the cert will be included,
> and hence cannot predict the relevant STH.
>

Yes, this proposal would require that there be enough coordination between
log ingress and storage that the front-end could know under which STH a
cert would land.  I realize that might not be the case now, but is it
unachievable?

--Richard


> Not entirely sure I agree with the initial premise anyway.
>
>>
>>

--001a114433a68663ee054a289e71
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Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 1:10 PM, Ben Laurie <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hre=
f=3D"mailto:benl@google.com" target=3D"_blank">benl@google.com</a>&gt;</spa=
n> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;b=
order-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span class=3D"">On 3 March=
 2017 at 19:09, Andrew Ayer <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:agwa@an=
drewayer.name" target=3D"_blank">agwa@andrewayer.name</a>&gt;</span> wrote:=
<br></span><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;bor=
der-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=3D""><span>On Fri, 3 =
Mar 2017 13:24:51 -0500<br>
Richard Barnes &lt;rlb@ipv.sx&gt; wrote:<br></span></span><span class=3D"">=
<div><div class=3D"m_-4397872483662934179h5">&gt; - A field in an SCT that =
indicates the canonical STH for the<br>
&gt; certificate in question.=C2=A0 Possibly a serial number in STH that SC=
Ts<br>
&gt; could refer to.<br>
<br>
</div></div>Is this necessary?=C2=A0 Why not define the canonical STH as th=
e first STH<br>
issued after the SCT (based on timestamp)?<br></span></blockquote><div><br>=
</div><div>That doesn&#39;t work - the cert may not have been included in t=
he log by then.</div><div><br></div><div>That said, not sure how Richard&#3=
9;s proposal works, either - in general, the front-end that returns the SCT=
 cannot know when the cert will be included, and hence cannot predict the r=
elevant STH.</div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Yes, t=
his proposal would require that there be enough coordination between log in=
gress and storage that the front-end could know under which STH a cert woul=
d land.=C2=A0 I realize that might not be the case now, but is it unachieva=
ble?=C2=A0 <br></div><div>=C2=A0<br></div><div>--Richard<br></div><div><br>=
</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-l=
eft:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_e=
xtra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><div><br></div><div>Not entirely sure I ag=
ree with the initial premise anyway.</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote"=
 style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><b=
r></blockquote></div></div></div>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a114433a68663ee054a289e71--


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To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2017 12:55:28 -0800
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Subject: [Trans] Upcoming meeting
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Subject: Upcoming meeting

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Hi, all:

We're starting to put together an agenda for the upcoming meeting.
There are some obvious topics for which we're planning on allocating
time:

1) the state of the discussion of obtaining proofs (the issues
   raised by Richard Barnes and EKR.  Any updates on log extension
   performance numbers would be excellent, as well

2) name redaction

3) the binary blobs logging draft.  We're giving Frank time on the
   agenda to discuss the draft but the primary use case seems to be
   software distribution (packages transparency, basically) and
   it looks like there's been some activity in this space outside of
   the IETF.  If anyone could provide an update, we'd be grateful

There's the recurring question of a client (fsvo "client") behavior
draft and whether or not it's time for some work on that.

There's been no publicly visible activity on DNSSEC but let us know if
there's something that would benefit from face-to-face discussion.

Please let us know if there are issues to add to the agenda.  As always,
we prefer to spend meeting time on topics which have had already had
active discussion on the mailing list.

Thanks,

Melinda & Paul


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From: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
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To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 1:06 AM, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:

> 8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to have a
> full certificate.
>
> Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow key
> that can "unlock" a precertificate.  This quickly turns into 'where do
> we keep the escrow key?' and 'who gets to access the escrow key?'.  If
> there is no such thing, then these questions don't exist.
>

Can you elaborate on how you derived this principle?

I think Rob captured well, which is there's a tension here - particularly
in the case when the domain holder signals that the CA misissued - as to
how to assess the impact and/or take corrective measure. There's a blurry
line here between what's technically required versus what is addressed by
policy external to the technology. So I think it'd be useful to understand
how this one was derived.

--001a113c9f486887e2054a2f8477
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 1:06 AM, Peter Bowen <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">pzbowen@gmail.com</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">8) The only way to get the=
 content of a full certificate is to have a<br>
full certificate.<br>
<br>
Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow key<br>
that can &quot;unlock&quot; a precertificate.=C2=A0 This quickly turns into=
 &#39;where do<br>
we keep the escrow key?&#39; and &#39;who gets to access the escrow key?&#3=
9;.=C2=A0 If<br>
there is no such thing, then these questions don&#39;t exist.<br></blockquo=
te><div><br></div><div>Can you elaborate on how you derived this principle?=
</div><div><br></div><div>I think Rob captured well, which is there&#39;s a=
 tension here - particularly in the case when the domain holder signals tha=
t the CA misissued - as to how to assess the impact and/or take corrective =
measure. There&#39;s a blurry line here between what&#39;s technically requ=
ired versus what is addressed by policy external to the technology. So I th=
ink it&#39;d be useful to understand how this one was derived.=C2=A0</div><=
/div><br></div></div>

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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2017 19:36:31 -0800
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 7:13 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:
>
> On Mon, Mar 6, 2017 at 1:06 AM, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>> 8) The only way to get the content of a full certificate is to have a
>> full certificate.
>>
>> Rationale: An alternative option is to have some sort of escrow key
>> that can "unlock" a precertificate.  This quickly turns into 'where do
>> we keep the escrow key?' and 'who gets to access the escrow key?'.  If
>> there is no such thing, then these questions don't exist.
>
>
> Can you elaborate on how you derived this principle?
>
> I think Rob captured well, which is there's a tension here - particularly in
> the case when the domain holder signals that the CA misissued - as to how to
> assess the impact and/or take corrective measure. There's a blurry line here
> between what's technically required versus what is addressed by policy
> external to the technology. So I think it'd be useful to understand how this
> one was derived.

I think I might have phrased it poorly.  It was not meant to be a
policy principal, rather a technical one.  What I was trying to say is
that I don't think having an encrypted blob in the precertificate
(i.e. publicly escrowed) that has unredacted names is a good path.

I am not intending to rule out a policy that says the holder of the
full certificate (i.e. the CA) must provide it to X upon Y.  My focus
was on the "reversibility" of the precertificate in cases where the
precertificate does not contain all the data in the final certificate.

Thanks,
Peter


From nobody Tue Mar  7 21:13:17 2017
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From: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>
Date: Wed, 8 Mar 2017 00:13:12 -0500
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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--f403045fbae670c4f1054a312f03
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On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 10:36 PM, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:

> I think I might have phrased it poorly.  It was not meant to be a
> policy principal, rather a technical one.  What I was trying to say is
> that I don't think having an encrypted blob in the precertificate
> (i.e. publicly escrowed) that has unredacted names is a good path.
>
> I am not intending to rule out a policy that says the holder of the
> full certificate (i.e. the CA) must provide it to X upon Y.  My focus
> was on the "reversibility" of the precertificate in cases where the
> precertificate does not contain all the data in the final certificate.


I think the question of whether or not a precertificate should be able to
produce a full certificate is, in some ways, related to the policy
discussions. That is, a technical solution is a means to circumvent the
policy discussion, and a policy discussion is a means to circumvent a
technical solution. I don't know that I can agree a priori that we should
rule this out, if only because it implies a policy solution is viable, but
we don't know that.

As far as statements go, while there's an intuitive appeal about the first
statement, it does seem to conflict with some degree of RFC 7719 - namely,
it seems to introduce additional terms that may conflict with or overlap
with the terminology there. In particular, the claim that the
existence/non-existence of a registered domain as public information sits
within that space of uncertainty as to whether you're describing something
akin/similar to "public suffix", or something akin to the
registry/registrant relationship.

I highlight this because I think Statement 1 is similar to Statement 8. If
we're describing the technical capabilities, and ignoring any policy
concerns, then I think 7719 and Statement 1 are in some degree of conflict.
If we're describing possible and/or desired outcomes, then I think
Statement 1 is a reasonable statement. Put differently, I'm unclear if
Statement 1 is "This is a thing that currently exists" or whether it's
"This is a thing that (for policy reasons related to CT and its deployment
in common browser clients for purposes of the WebPKI) should exist". If the
former, it's hard to support. If the latter, I agree that it represents at
least a minimum, both of goal and of what is, as you note, effectively
practiced at the TLD zone level. But it's a policy statement :)

--f403045fbae670c4f1054a312f03
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 10:36 PM, Peter Bowen <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a h=
ref=3D"mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">pzbowen@gmail.com</a>&gt=
;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 =
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"HOEnZb"><di=
v class=3D"h5"><span style=3D"color:rgb(34,34,34)">I think I might have phr=
ased it poorly.=C2=A0 It was not meant to be a</span><br></div></div>
policy principal, rather a technical one.=C2=A0 What I was trying to say is=
<br>
that I don&#39;t think having an encrypted blob in the precertificate<br>
(i.e. publicly escrowed) that has unredacted names is a good path.<br>
<br>
I am not intending to rule out a policy that says the holder of the<br>
full certificate (i.e. the CA) must provide it to X upon Y.=C2=A0 My focus<=
br>
was on the &quot;reversibility&quot; of the precertificate in cases where t=
he<br>
precertificate does not contain all the data in the final certificate.</blo=
ckquote><div><br></div><div>I think the question of whether or not a precer=
tificate should be able to produce a full certificate is, in some ways, rel=
ated to the policy discussions. That is, a technical solution is a means to=
 circumvent the policy discussion, and a policy discussion is a means to ci=
rcumvent a technical solution. I don&#39;t know that I can agree a priori t=
hat we should rule this out, if only because it implies a policy solution i=
s viable, but we don&#39;t know that.</div><div><br></div><div>As far as st=
atements go, while there&#39;s an intuitive appeal about the first statemen=
t, it does seem to conflict with some degree of RFC 7719 - namely, it seems=
 to introduce additional terms that may conflict with or overlap with the t=
erminology there. In particular, the claim that the existence/non-existence=
 of a registered domain as public information sits within that space of unc=
ertainty as to whether you&#39;re describing something akin/similar to &quo=
t;public suffix&quot;, or something akin to the registry/registrant relatio=
nship.</div><div><br></div><div>I highlight this because I think Statement =
1 is similar to Statement 8. If we&#39;re describing the technical capabili=
ties, and ignoring any policy concerns, then I think 7719 and Statement 1 a=
re in some degree of conflict. If we&#39;re describing possible and/or desi=
red outcomes, then I think Statement 1 is a reasonable statement. Put diffe=
rently, I&#39;m unclear if Statement 1 is &quot;This is a thing that curren=
tly exists&quot; or whether it&#39;s &quot;This is a thing that (for policy=
 reasons related to CT and its deployment in common browser clients for pur=
poses of the WebPKI) should exist&quot;. If the former, it&#39;s hard to su=
pport. If the latter, I agree that it represents at least a minimum, both o=
f goal and of what is, as you note, effectively practiced at the TLD zone l=
evel. But it&#39;s a policy statement :)</div></div></div></div>

--f403045fbae670c4f1054a312f03--


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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Mar 2017 21:38:07 -0800
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Reviving Redaction
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On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 9:13 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:
>
>
> On Tue, Mar 7, 2017 at 10:36 PM, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>> I think I might have phrased it poorly.  It was not meant to be a
>> policy principal, rather a technical one.  What I was trying to say is
>> that I don't think having an encrypted blob in the precertificate
>> (i.e. publicly escrowed) that has unredacted names is a good path.
>>
>> I am not intending to rule out a policy that says the holder of the
>> full certificate (i.e. the CA) must provide it to X upon Y.  My focus
>> was on the "reversibility" of the precertificate in cases where the
>> precertificate does not contain all the data in the final certificate.
>
>
> I think the question of whether or not a precertificate should be able to
> produce a full certificate is, in some ways, related to the policy
> discussions. That is, a technical solution is a means to circumvent the
> policy discussion, and a policy discussion is a means to circumvent a
> technical solution. I don't know that I can agree a priori that we should
> rule this out, if only because it implies a policy solution is viable, but
> we don't know that.
>
> As far as statements go, while there's an intuitive appeal about the first
> statement, it does seem to conflict with some degree of RFC 7719 - namely,
> it seems to introduce additional terms that may conflict with or overlap
> with the terminology there. In particular, the claim that the
> existence/non-existence of a registered domain as public information sits
> within that space of uncertainty as to whether you're describing something
> akin/similar to "public suffix", or something akin to the
> registry/registrant relationship.
>
> I highlight this because I think Statement 1 is similar to Statement 8. If
> we're describing the technical capabilities, and ignoring any policy
> concerns, then I think 7719 and Statement 1 are in some degree of conflict.
> If we're describing possible and/or desired outcomes, then I think Statement
> 1 is a reasonable statement. Put differently, I'm unclear if Statement 1 is
> "This is a thing that currently exists" or whether it's "This is a thing
> that (for policy reasons related to CT and its deployment in common browser
> clients for purposes of the WebPKI) should exist". If the former, it's hard
> to support. If the latter, I agree that it represents at least a minimum,
> both of goal and of what is, as you note, effectively practiced at the TLD
> zone level. But it's a policy statement :)

OK, rephrasing in RFC 7719 terms and focusing on the reality:

For all TLDs which consist of three or more letters, except for mil,
gov, and int, and for certain two letter TLDs, the existence of a
domain name consisting of the label immediately below plus the label
that is the TLD is public information.

This is ICANN policy as it exists today.  It is a fact independent of
browsers or CT.  Additionally certain two letter TLDs, such as us and
se, have the same policy.  I'm just asking for stipulation that due to
the policies enforced by ICANN, it is not valid to say "the existence
of companycorporationpromocode.com. is not public information".


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Subject: [Trans] Non-redaction options
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While I realize this WG is focused on the technical implementation of
transparency, I think it is helpful to review what has been proposed
or implemented by clients for transparency.

As with my prior email, I think I have all these facts right, but I
would appreciate feedback if I got them wrong.  I've numbered them to
help with replies but there is no meaning to the order.

1) At least one client has announced an intent to require certificates
to be included in CT to be trusted, as the default state.

Currently a subset of certificates have this requirement, but the
intent from clients appears to be to set this as the default rule for
all certificates at some point.

2) Clients have said they will exclude certificates that do not chain
to roots included in the default trust list from this requirement.

(It is a unclear what happens if a user adds a CA that is cross-signed
by a public CA as a locally installed trust anchor.)

3) No client, as far as I know, allows scoping a trust anchor when it
is added.  Adding a local trust anchor trusts it for the entire DNS
hierarchy.

4) All clients that allow adding local trust anchors give these
anchors super powers, such as overriding public key pinning.  There is
no way to prevent a local trust anchor from having this power.

5) Some clients or client OSes make it extremely hard for users to add
local trust anchors.

6) At least one client has proposed to have a client setting,
available only via "enterprise policy" which allows excluding domain
subtrees from the CT requirement.

7) Not all client software packages that have announced they are
considering a CT-by-default rule have integration with common
enterprise police management systems.

8) On Windows, many popular versions (such as Windows 10 Home) do not
have policy support.

9) There is no ability to allow only certain policies to be set.  If
you enable a policy administrator access to set a domain whitelist
they can also disable numerous security features and install browser
extensions.

Thanks,
Peter


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To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Non-redaction options
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--001a113c35569eda24054a380b0b
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On Wed, Mar 8, 2017 at 1:34 AM, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:

> While I realize this WG is focused on the technical implementation of
> transparency, I think it is helpful to review what has been proposed
> or implemented by clients for transparency.
>
> As with my prior email, I think I have all these facts right, but I
> would appreciate feedback if I got them wrong.  I've numbered them to
> help with replies but there is no meaning to the order.
>
> 1) At least one client has announced an intent to require certificates
> to be included in CT to be trusted, as the default state.
>
> Currently a subset of certificates have this requirement, but the
> intent from clients appears to be to set this as the default rule for
> all certificates at some point.
>
> 2) Clients have said they will exclude certificates that do not chain
> to roots included in the default trust list from this requirement.
>
> (It is a unclear what happens if a user adds a CA that is cross-signed
> by a public CA as a locally installed trust anchor.)
>
> 3) No client, as far as I know, allows scoping a trust anchor when it
> is added.  Adding a local trust anchor trusts it for the entire DNS
> hierarchy.
>
> 4) All clients that allow adding local trust anchors give these
> anchors super powers, such as overriding public key pinning.  There is
> no way to prevent a local trust anchor from having this power.
>
> 5) Some clients or client OSes make it extremely hard for users to add
> local trust anchors.
>
> 6) At least one client has proposed to have a client setting,
> available only via "enterprise policy" which allows excluding domain
> subtrees from the CT requirement.
>
> 7) Not all client software packages that have announced they are
> considering a CT-by-default rule have integration with common
> enterprise police management systems.
>
> 8) On Windows, many popular versions (such as Windows 10 Home) do not
> have policy support.
>
> 9) There is no ability to allow only certain policies to be set.  If
> you enable a policy administrator access to set a domain whitelist
> they can also disable numerous security features and install browser
> extensions.
>

Regardless of factual accuracy/inaccuracy, and despite the dangerous foray
into policy here, I think many of the points, as posed, attempt to suggest
a contradiction to / ignoring the Immutable Laws of Computer Security.

That is, I would argue that  4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are not relevant to the
discussion when considering such basic statements Law #6 "Your computer is
only as secure as the administrator is trustworthy" or Law #2 "If a bad guy
can alter the operating system of your computer, it's not your computer
anymore"

Nor, for the most part, do I think they're relevant for/and or necessary
for a discussion of redaction, beyond statement #1.

--001a113c35569eda24054a380b0b
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Wed, Mar 8, 2017 at 1:34 AM, Peter Bowen <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">pzbowen@gmail.com</a>&gt;=
</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">While I realize this WG is=
 focused on the technical implementation of<br>
transparency, I think it is helpful to review what has been proposed<br>
or implemented by clients for transparency.<br>
<br>
As with my prior email, I think I have all these facts right, but I<br>
would appreciate feedback if I got them wrong.=C2=A0 I&#39;ve numbered them=
 to<br>
help with replies but there is no meaning to the order.<br>
<br>
1) At least one client has announced an intent to require certificates<br>
to be included in CT to be trusted, as the default state.<br>
<br>
Currently a subset of certificates have this requirement, but the<br>
intent from clients appears to be to set this as the default rule for<br>
all certificates at some point.<br>
<br>
2) Clients have said they will exclude certificates that do not chain<br>
to roots included in the default trust list from this requirement.<br>
<br>
(It is a unclear what happens if a user adds a CA that is cross-signed<br>
by a public CA as a locally installed trust anchor.)<br>
<br>
3) No client, as far as I know, allows scoping a trust anchor when it<br>
is added.=C2=A0 Adding a local trust anchor trusts it for the entire DNS<br=
>
hierarchy.<br>
<br>
4) All clients that allow adding local trust anchors give these<br>
anchors super powers, such as overriding public key pinning.=C2=A0 There is=
<br>
no way to prevent a local trust anchor from having this power.<br>
<br>
5) Some clients or client OSes make it extremely hard for users to add<br>
local trust anchors.<br>
<br>
6) At least one client has proposed to have a client setting,<br>
available only via &quot;enterprise policy&quot; which allows excluding dom=
ain<br>
subtrees from the CT requirement.<br>
<br>
7) Not all client software packages that have announced they are<br>
considering a CT-by-default rule have integration with common<br>
enterprise police management systems.<br>
<br>
8) On Windows, many popular versions (such as Windows 10 Home) do not<br>
have policy support.<br>
<br>
9) There is no ability to allow only certain policies to be set.=C2=A0 If<b=
r>
you enable a policy administrator access to set a domain whitelist<br>
they can also disable numerous security features and install browser<br>
extensions.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Regardless of factual accur=
acy/inaccuracy, and despite the dangerous foray into policy here, I think m=
any of the points, as posed, attempt to suggest a contradiction to / ignori=
ng the Immutable Laws of Computer Security.</div><div><br></div><div>That i=
s, I would argue that =C2=A04, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are not relevant to the discus=
sion when considering such basic statements Law #6 &quot;Your computer is o=
nly as secure as the administrator is trustworthy&quot; or Law #2 &quot;If =
a bad guy can alter the operating system of your computer, it&#39;s not you=
r computer anymore&quot;</div><div><br></div><div>Nor, for the most part, d=
o I think they&#39;re relevant for/and or necessary for a discussion of red=
action, beyond statement #1.</div></div></div></div>

--001a113c35569eda24054a380b0b--


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To: Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com>, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Non-redaction options
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Non-redaction options
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Why wouldn=E2=80=99t the rest be relevant? Particularly, if one goal of =
redaction is to remove private information from logs but the log =
operator is not permitted to set policy to exclude certificates that =
chain to an included root, then it seems very relevant to the redaction =
discussion.

=20

From: Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Ryan Sleevi
Sent: Wednesday, March 8, 2017 6:24 AM
To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Cc: trans@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Trans] Non-redaction options

=20

=20

=20

On Wed, Mar 8, 2017 at 1:34 AM, Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com =
<mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com> > wrote:

While I realize this WG is focused on the technical implementation of
transparency, I think it is helpful to review what has been proposed
or implemented by clients for transparency.

As with my prior email, I think I have all these facts right, but I
would appreciate feedback if I got them wrong.  I've numbered them to
help with replies but there is no meaning to the order.

1) At least one client has announced an intent to require certificates
to be included in CT to be trusted, as the default state.

Currently a subset of certificates have this requirement, but the
intent from clients appears to be to set this as the default rule for
all certificates at some point.

2) Clients have said they will exclude certificates that do not chain
to roots included in the default trust list from this requirement.

(It is a unclear what happens if a user adds a CA that is cross-signed
by a public CA as a locally installed trust anchor.)

3) No client, as far as I know, allows scoping a trust anchor when it
is added.  Adding a local trust anchor trusts it for the entire DNS
hierarchy.

4) All clients that allow adding local trust anchors give these
anchors super powers, such as overriding public key pinning.  There is
no way to prevent a local trust anchor from having this power.

5) Some clients or client OSes make it extremely hard for users to add
local trust anchors.

6) At least one client has proposed to have a client setting,
available only via "enterprise policy" which allows excluding domain
subtrees from the CT requirement.

7) Not all client software packages that have announced they are
considering a CT-by-default rule have integration with common
enterprise police management systems.

8) On Windows, many popular versions (such as Windows 10 Home) do not
have policy support.

9) There is no ability to allow only certain policies to be set.  If
you enable a policy administrator access to set a domain whitelist
they can also disable numerous security features and install browser
extensions.

=20

Regardless of factual accuracy/inaccuracy, and despite the dangerous =
foray into policy here, I think many of the points, as posed, attempt to =
suggest a contradiction to / ignoring the Immutable Laws of Computer =
Security.

=20

That is, I would argue that  4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are not relevant to the =
discussion when considering such basic statements Law #6 "Your computer =
is only as secure as the administrator is trustworthy" or Law #2 "If a =
bad guy can alter the operating system of your computer, it's not your =
computer anymore"

=20

Nor, for the most part, do I think they're relevant for/and or necessary =
for a discussion of redaction, beyond statement #1.


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vlink=3Dpurple><div class=3DWordSection1><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>Why =
wouldn=E2=80=99t the rest be relevant? Particularly, if one goal of =
redaction is to remove private information from logs but the log =
operator is not permitted to set policy to exclude certificates that =
chain to an included root, then it seems very relevant to the redaction =
discussion.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><a =
name=3D"_MailEndCompose"><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'><o:p>&nbsp;</=
o:p></span></a></p><span =
style=3D'mso-bookmark:_MailEndCompose'></span><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><b><span =
style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'>From:</span><=
/b><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif'> =
Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Ryan =
Sleevi<br><b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, March 8, 2017 6:24 AM<br><b>To:</b> =
Peter Bowen &lt;pzbowen@gmail.com&gt;<br><b>Cc:</b> =
trans@ietf.org<br><b>Subject:</b> Re: [Trans] Non-redaction =
options<o:p></o:p></span></p><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p class=3DMsoNormal>On Wed, =
Mar 8, 2017 at 1:34 AM, Peter Bowen &lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:pzbowen@gmail.com" =
target=3D"_blank">pzbowen@gmail.com</a>&gt; =
wrote:<o:p></o:p></p><blockquote style=3D'border:none;border-left:solid =
#CCCCCC 1.0pt;padding:0in 0in 0in =
6.0pt;margin-left:4.8pt;margin-right:0in'><p class=3DMsoNormal>While I =
realize this WG is focused on the technical implementation =
of<br>transparency, I think it is helpful to review what has been =
proposed<br>or implemented by clients for transparency.<br><br>As with =
my prior email, I think I have all these facts right, but I<br>would =
appreciate feedback if I got them wrong.&nbsp; I've numbered them =
to<br>help with replies but there is no meaning to the order.<br><br>1) =
At least one client has announced an intent to require =
certificates<br>to be included in CT to be trusted, as the default =
state.<br><br>Currently a subset of certificates have this requirement, =
but the<br>intent from clients appears to be to set this as the default =
rule for<br>all certificates at some point.<br><br>2) Clients have said =
they will exclude certificates that do not chain<br>to roots included in =
the default trust list from this requirement.<br><br>(It is a unclear =
what happens if a user adds a CA that is cross-signed<br>by a public CA =
as a locally installed trust anchor.)<br><br>3) No client, as far as I =
know, allows scoping a trust anchor when it<br>is added.&nbsp; Adding a =
local trust anchor trusts it for the entire DNS<br>hierarchy.<br><br>4) =
All clients that allow adding local trust anchors give these<br>anchors =
super powers, such as overriding public key pinning.&nbsp; There =
is<br>no way to prevent a local trust anchor from having this =
power.<br><br>5) Some clients or client OSes make it extremely hard for =
users to add<br>local trust anchors.<br><br>6) At least one client has =
proposed to have a client setting,<br>available only via =
&quot;enterprise policy&quot; which allows excluding domain<br>subtrees =
from the CT requirement.<br><br>7) Not all client software packages that =
have announced they are<br>considering a CT-by-default rule have =
integration with common<br>enterprise police management =
systems.<br><br>8) On Windows, many popular versions (such as Windows 10 =
Home) do not<br>have policy support.<br><br>9) There is no ability to =
allow only certain policies to be set.&nbsp; If<br>you enable a policy =
administrator access to set a domain whitelist<br>they can also disable =
numerous security features and install =
browser<br>extensions.<o:p></o:p></p></blockquote><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>Regardless of factual accuracy/inaccuracy, and despite =
the dangerous foray into policy here, I think many of the points, as =
posed, attempt to suggest a contradiction to / ignoring the Immutable =
Laws of Computer Security.<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>That is, I would argue that &nbsp;4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 are =
not relevant to the discussion when considering such basic statements =
Law #6 &quot;Your computer is only as secure as the administrator is =
trustworthy&quot; or Law #2 &quot;If a bad guy can alter the operating =
system of your computer, it's not your computer =
anymore&quot;<o:p></o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal>Nor, for the most part, do I think they're relevant =
for/and or necessary for a discussion of redaction, beyond statement =
#1.<o:p></o:p></p></div></div></div></div></div></body></html>
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To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Date: Thu, 9 Mar 2017 12:44:43 -0800
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Cc: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Subject: [Trans] Draft agenda
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Cc: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Message-ID: <fc5ece3d-489f-4c69-fa43-d6d7afde3701@gmail.com>
Subject: Draft agenda

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Hi, all:

This is a first poke at an agenda, with some open questions
(for example, has there been any progress on a log monitoring
API?).  Please flag any problems, raise any questions, or
suggest any additions.

Thanks,

Melinda

=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D=3D

trans session, ietf 98
13:00-14:30 Tuesday March 28, 2017 @ Room Studio 4

Agenda
------

administrivia (~5 minutes)
blue sheets, minute taker, jabber scribe, agenda-bashing
Note Well

status update
=2E charter unchanged
=2E issue tracker (17 open tickets)
=2E 6962-bis: WGLC completed - significant issue raised by
    Mozilla, nearing resolution
=2E Redaction: Weak interest but we need a way forward
=2E threat-analysis: stuck - additional author?
=2E ct-gossip: through wglc
=2E ct-dnssec: no update
=2E ct-binaries: new drafts, apparently there's work being
    done on this problem outside the IETF

6962bis follow-up, obtaining proofs  (Eran/Richard)

Name redaction/privacy
=2E use of VRFs for name redaction (Eran)
=2E a privacy-preserving mechanism for obtaining and and
    reporting log misbehavior (Saba)

binaries logging
=2E draft-zhang-trans-ct-binary-codes-04 (Frank)
=2E current work on this problem outside of the IETF (DKG)

new work
=2E Log Monitoring API

Any other business?


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From nobody Thu Mar  9 13:21:50 2017
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To: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Draft agenda
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Cc: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Draft agenda
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I don't think there's weak interest in redaction. I think most people are 
stumped on how to move forward. Given the discussions on the Google CT policy 
list and CAB Form (and the current Symantec practice of redacting SAN 
information), it's a huge topic. The question is how do we progress towards 
consensus when there are such polar view points.

-----Original Message-----
From: Trans [mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Melinda Shore
Sent: Thursday, March 9, 2017 1:45 PM
To: trans@ietf.org
Cc: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Subject: [Trans] Draft agenda

Hi, all:

This is a first poke at an agenda, with some open questions (for example, has 
there been any progress on a log monitoring API?).  Please flag any problems, 
raise any questions, or suggest any additions.

Thanks,

Melinda

========

trans session, ietf 98
13:00-14:30 Tuesday March 28, 2017 @ Room Studio 4

Agenda
------

administrivia (~5 minutes)
blue sheets, minute taker, jabber scribe, agenda-bashing Note Well

status update
. charter unchanged
. issue tracker (17 open tickets)
. 6962-bis: WGLC completed - significant issue raised by
    Mozilla, nearing resolution
. Redaction: Weak interest but we need a way forward . threat-analysis: 
stuck - additional author?
. ct-gossip: through wglc
. ct-dnssec: no update
. ct-binaries: new drafts, apparently there's work being
    done on this problem outside the IETF

6962bis follow-up, obtaining proofs  (Eran/Richard)

Name redaction/privacy
. use of VRFs for name redaction (Eran)
. a privacy-preserving mechanism for obtaining and and
    reporting log misbehavior (Saba)

binaries logging
. draft-zhang-trans-ct-binary-codes-04 (Frank) . current work on this problem 
outside of the IETF (DKG)

new work
. Log Monitoring API

Any other business?


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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
To: Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>,
 "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Cc: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Message-ID: <9b136218-7728-e61e-bfaf-0d913eb1a503@gmail.com>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Draft agenda
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 <7a50186d80034c72a81aa59bac45586a@EX2.corp.digicert.com>
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On 3/9/17 1:20 PM, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
> I don't think there's weak interest in redaction. I think most people a=
re=20
> stumped on how to move forward. Given the discussions on the Google CT =
policy=20
> list and CAB Form (and the current Symantec practice of redacting SAN=20
> information), it's a huge topic. The question is how do we progress tow=
ards=20
> consensus when there are such polar view points.

Fair enough.  One problem has been that the proposals have been fairly
unstable, in the sense that they change/develop fairly rapidly.  One
thing that would be helpful would be a summary of each proposal, with
technical tradeoffs, that might be useful as a basis for discussion.
Also, if someone else wants time on the agenda on this topic they should
let us know.

Melinda




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From nobody Thu Mar  9 13:45:52 2017
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I could provide a summary of each proposal, but I'm probably not the best 
person to discuss the technical pros and cos of each proposal. I'd like time 
to discuss it on the agenda.


-----Original Message-----
From: Melinda Shore [mailto:melinda.shore@gmail.com]
Sent: Thursday, March 9, 2017 2:33 PM
To: Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>; trans@ietf.org
Cc: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Draft agenda

On 3/9/17 1:20 PM, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
> I don't think there's weak interest in redaction. I think most people
> are stumped on how to move forward. Given the discussions on the
> Google CT policy list and CAB Form (and the current Symantec practice
> of redacting SAN information), it's a huge topic. The question is how
> do we progress towards consensus when there are such polar view points.

Fair enough.  One problem has been that the proposals have been fairly 
unstable, in the sense that they change/develop fairly rapidly.  One thing 
that would be helpful would be a summary of each proposal, with technical 
tradeoffs, that might be useful as a basis for discussion.
Also, if someone else wants time on the agenda on this topic they should let 
us know.

Melinda




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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Cc: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
Subject: Re: [Trans] Draft agenda
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
To: Jeremy Rowley <jeremy.rowley@digicert.com>,
 "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Cc: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
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On 3/9/17 1:45 PM, Jeremy Rowley wrote:
> I could provide a summary of each proposal, but I'm probably not the be=
st=20
> person to discuss the technical pros and cos of each proposal. I'd like=
 time=20
> to discuss it on the agenda.

Thanks - we'll add you to the redaction discussion slot.

Melinda




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Subject: [Trans] Talk announcement: Internet-Level Consensus is Practical
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I'll be giving the following 30-minute talk during the saag session at
the upcoming IETF meeting in Chicago, likely followed by a "bar bof" on
Internet-level consensus that evening.


		Internet-Level Consensus is Practical

			    David Mazi=C3=A8res

		      Security Area Open Meeting
		 Thursday March 30, 2017 15:20-17:20
			    Zurich D room
=09=09=09=09=20=20=20
Consensus is the problem of agreeing on a valid input value among
members of a distributed system.  Internet-level consensus extends the
concept to global agreement, despite the fact that the Internet has no
meaningful notion of membership.  This talk will report on the Stellar
consensus protocol (SCP), an existence proof that secure consensus
does not require well-defined membership.  SCP's key idea is for
individual participants to decide for themselves which other
participants they cannot afford to diverge from.  SCP guarantees
agreement so long as there is transitive overlap in these
dependencies.  SCP is in production use by the Stellar payment
network, but has broader potential applications ranging from secure
package distribution to key management in end-to-end email encryption.


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From: Al Cutter <al@google.com>
Date: Mon, 13 Mar 2017 13:53:06 +0000
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To: Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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--001a1147398ef9a650054a9d07e3
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On Mon, Mar 13, 2017 at 12:47 PM, Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se> wrote:

> Al Cutter <al@google.com> wrote
> Fri, 3 Mar 2017 10:19:19 +0000:
>
> > I think none of this dream world is in conflict with the current state of
> > -bis, other than possibly that requirement to limit STH issuance to one
> per
> > hour. I understand why it got put in, but I do wonder if it really
> belongs
> > in the Gossip doc rather than -bis where it's potentially discouraging
> This
> > Sort of Thing.
>
> 6962bis doesn't say one hour. It says a log must stipulate its maximum
> number of STHs per MMD in its metadata.
>

Yep, my mistake, sorry for the noise.


> Since it's a requirement on logs, it should be in a document
> standardising logs.
>

Standardising the knob makes sense, I just didn't like the idea of
standardising the values I can dial in here (and I now know they aren't,
thanks!)

--001a1147398ef9a650054a9d07e3
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Mon, Mar 13, 2017 at 12:47 PM, Linus Nordberg <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;=
<a href=3D"mailto:linus@sunet.se" target=3D"_blank">linus@sunet.se</a>&gt;<=
/span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8=
ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Al Cutter &lt;<a href=3D"ma=
ilto:al@google.com">al@google.com</a>&gt; wrote<br>
Fri, 3 Mar 2017 10:19:19 +0000:<br>
<span class=3D""><br>
&gt; I think none of this dream world is in conflict with the current state=
 of<br>
&gt; -bis, other than possibly that requirement to limit STH issuance to on=
e per<br>
&gt; hour. I understand why it got put in, but I do wonder if it really bel=
ongs<br>
&gt; in the Gossip doc rather than -bis where it&#39;s potentially discoura=
ging This<br>
&gt; Sort of Thing.<br>
<br>
</span>6962bis doesn&#39;t say one hour. It says a log must stipulate its m=
aximum<br>
number of STHs per MMD in its metadata.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div=
>Yep, my mistake, sorry for the noise.</div><div><br></div><blockquote clas=
s=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;pad=
ding-left:1ex">
<br>
Since it&#39;s a requirement on logs, it should be in a document<br>
standardising logs.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Standardising the k=
nob makes sense, I just didn&#39;t like the idea of standardising the value=
s I can dial in here (and I now know they aren&#39;t, thanks!)</div><div>=
=C2=A0<br></div></div><br></div></div>

--001a1147398ef9a650054a9d07e3--


From linus@sunet.se  Mon Mar 13 05:47:58 2017
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From: Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se>
To: Al Cutter <al@google.com>
Organization: Sunet
References: <CAL02cgTXMqQre_iqUwu7O+WvuArWYFLQOLCoTdC_nqdNY+15dg@mail.gmail.com> <CAErg=HFdXEZ+=3wVJ2h-f0bD9deTdAWOCQWTw7S3A3OeWUkgbw@mail.gmail.com> <CAL02cgR8SZM4ABHv_6xmr01H5c5rDujEXE9T4-CaxNg9LP4EoA@mail.gmail.com> <CAErg=HGijgB4SCbT9q9unr5nwNVkCjDNsN2n7bge6ryLw_+P_Q@mail.gmail.com> <CACM=_OcE=ShCcw8w-f3O+QJ0pmUb16LSbMjMUsmUXndT6QSe_A@mail.gmail.com>
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In-Reply-To: <CACM=_OcE=ShCcw8w-f3O+QJ0pmUb16LSbMjMUsmUXndT6QSe_A@mail.gmail.com> (Al Cutter's message of "Fri, 3 Mar 2017 10:19:19 +0000")
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Experiment report: The MMD is a lie
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Al Cutter <al@google.com> wrote
Fri, 3 Mar 2017 10:19:19 +0000:

> I think none of this dream world is in conflict with the current state of
> -bis, other than possibly that requirement to limit STH issuance to one per
> hour. I understand why it got put in, but I do wonder if it really belongs
> in the Gossip doc rather than -bis where it's potentially discouraging This
> Sort of Thing.

6962bis doesn't say one hour. It says a log must stipulate its maximum
number of STHs per MMD in its metadata.

Since it's a requirement on logs, it should be in a document
standardising logs.


From nobody Wed Mar 15 12:58:47 2017
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From: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be>
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Subject: [Trans] Gossip URL version
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The -04 draft currently has URLs like this in it:
https://<domain>/.well-known/ct-gossip/v1/sct-feedback

But the it's indicating that it's about rfc6962-bis, which changed
things to /v2 URLs. Is the v1 about the gossip protocol
version only, or are the URLs supposed to be v2?


Kurt


From nobody Wed Mar 15 13:29:36 2017
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From: Martin Thomson <martin.thomson@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Mar 2017 07:29:33 +1100
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Subject: [Trans] RFC 7320 and draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-24
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I am not following this work, but this and the original RFC 6962 both
run afoul of the (good) guidance in RFC 7320.

Has the working group solicited feedback from the HTTP community on
the use of HTTP in this protocol?


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From: Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se>
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Date: Wed, 15 Mar 2017 21:44:46 +0100
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Gossip URL version
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Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be> wrote
Wed, 15 Mar 2017 20:58:39 +0100:

> The -04 draft currently has URLs like this in it:
> https://<domain>/.well-known/ct-gossip/v1/sct-feedback
>
> But the it's indicating that it's about rfc6962-bis, which changed
> things to /v2 URLs. Is the v1 about the gossip protocol
> version only, or are the URLs supposed to be v2?

The version number in the gossip well-known URL's indicates the version
of the gossip protocol.

The gossip protocol should work for both CT v1 and CT v2. If it doesn't,
we should fix that. If that's not possible, let's define a gossip
protocol version two.


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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] RFC 7320 and draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-24
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Subject: Re: [Trans] RFC 7320 and draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-24
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On 3/15/17 12:29 PM, Martin Thomson wrote:
> I am not following this work, but this and the original RFC 6962 both
> run afoul of the (good) guidance in RFC 7320.
>=20
> Has the working group solicited feedback from the HTTP community on
> the use of HTTP in this protocol?

No, we haven't.

For what it's worth, 6962 reflects implementation and
deployment prior to CT having been brought to the IETF
for standardization, so any concerns regarding URL
syntax or HTTP transport in the work being done by this
working group are necessarily limited to the -bis and
related documents.

To be honest, I'm personally not convinced of the applicability
of 7320 in this case but if there's a specific problem it does
need to be discussed.

Melinda


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On Wed, 15 Mar 2017 21:44:46 +0100
Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se> wrote:

> The gossip protocol should work for both CT v1 and CT v2. If it
> doesn't, we should fix that. If that's not possible, let's define a
> gossip protocol version two.

The sth-pollination protocol defined in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-04
could work with v1 STHs, but section 8.2.4 says it contains an
array of v2 STHs:

"sths - an array of 0 or more fresh SignedTreeHeads as defined in
[RFC-6962-BIS-09] Section 3.6.1."

For this reason, I've been implementing draft-ietf-trans-gossip-00,
which uses v1 STHs and uses the URL .well-known/ct/v1/sth-pollination.

Should I be using the URL defined in -04 instead?

Incidentally, -04 is not entirely clear how STHs are represented.
RFC6962-bis no longer defines a JSON representation for STHs.  Instead
STHs are returned in JSON responses as base64-encoded SignedTreeHeads.
Does this mean that the sth-pollination protocol should use a JSON
array of strings, possibly mixed with JSON objects for v1 STHs?

Regards,
Andrew


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From: Kurt Roeckx <kurt@roeckx.be>
To: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
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On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 02:48:32PM -0700, Andrew Ayer wrote:
> On Wed, 15 Mar 2017 21:44:46 +0100
> Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se> wrote:
> 
> > The gossip protocol should work for both CT v1 and CT v2. If it
> > doesn't, we should fix that. If that's not possible, let's define a
> > gossip protocol version two.
> 
> The sth-pollination protocol defined in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-04
> could work with v1 STHs, but section 8.2.4 says it contains an
> array of v2 STHs:
> 
> "sths - an array of 0 or more fresh SignedTreeHeads as defined in
> [RFC-6962-BIS-09] Section 3.6.1."
> 
> For this reason, I've been implementing draft-ietf-trans-gossip-00,
> which uses v1 STHs and uses the URL .well-known/ct/v1/sth-pollination.

That one also has an sth_version as one of the fields, so I assume
it works for both versions.

But if I look at other things, it's not obvious to me if it works
or not.


Kurt


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Wed, 15 Mar 2017 18:33:58 -0400
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Subject: [Trans] Fresh issues!
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--001a11467a9a6953eb054acc8a2f
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Hey all,

I just submitted a whole crop of new issues (>10% of all WG issues to
date!) on 6962-bis:

https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/report/1

While these issues are numerous and some of them are non-trivial, none of
them are fundamental and I think most of them are pretty clearly
justified.  So hopefully it will be easy to make progress here.

I'd like to call out a few as especially critical, which basically encode
the objections EKR and I have been raising lately:

https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/162
https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/163

I will be off next week, but glad to meet up with folks at the IETF to
triage / fix issues.

--Richard

--001a11467a9a6953eb054acc8a2f
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<div dir=3D"auto">Hey all,<div dir=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto">I j=
ust submitted a whole crop of new issues (&gt;10% of all WG issues to date!=
) on 6962-bis:</div><div dir=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto"><a href=
=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/report/1">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/t=
rans/report/1</a><br></div><div dir=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto">Wh=
ile these issues are numerous and some of them are non-trivial, none of the=
m are fundamental and I think most of them are pretty clearly justified.=C2=
=A0 So hopefully it will be easy to make progress here. =C2=A0</div><div di=
r=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto">I&#39;d like to call out a few as es=
pecially critical, which basically encode the objections EKR and I have bee=
n raising lately:</div><div dir=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto"><a hre=
f=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/162">https://trac.ietf.org/tra=
c/trans/ticket/162</a><br></div><div dir=3D"auto"><a href=3D"https://trac.i=
etf.org/trac/trans/ticket/163">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/163<=
/a><br></div><div dir=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto">I will be off ne=
xt week, but glad to meet up with folks at the IETF to triage / fix issues.=
=C2=A0</div><div dir=3D"auto"><br></div><div dir=3D"auto">--Richard</div></=
div>

--001a11467a9a6953eb054acc8a2f--


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That's a whole lot of issues, and some of them questionably justified. It
also seems non-ideal to suggest that these issues be closed without
discussion on the list, as that's not very transparent.

Given WGLC has completed, and it seems some of them fundamentally redefine
the protocol or implementation, do you have a suggested priority of issues
to discuss, from those you view as most clearly justified to least clearly
justified?

--f403045fc1a0d0a4a0054acf392c
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra">That&#39;s a whole lot of issue=
s, and some of them questionably justified. It also seems non-ideal to sugg=
est that these issues be closed without discussion on the list, as that&#39=
;s not very transparent.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div cla=
ss=3D"gmail_extra">Given WGLC has completed, and it seems some of them fund=
amentally redefine the protocol or implementation, do you have a suggested =
priority of issues to discuss, from those you view as most clearly justifie=
d to least clearly justified?</div></div>

--f403045fc1a0d0a4a0054acf392c--


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Wed, 15 Mar 2017 22:28:47 -0400
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Fresh issues!
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On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 9:46 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:

> That's a whole lot of issues, and some of them questionably justified. It
> also seems non-ideal to suggest that these issues be closed without
> discussion on the list, as that's not very transparent.
>

I certainly didn't mean to imply that these would be closed without
discussion.  The idea of meeting up was just to get concrete proposals in
front of the WG faster.



> Given WGLC has completed, and it seems some of them fundamentally redefine
> the protocol or implementation, do you have a suggested priority of issues
> to discuss, from those you view as most clearly justified to least clearly
> justified?
>

I think you're over-stating the impacts here.  The overall shape of the
protocol is untouched by these proposals, and many of them are just cleanup
for a document that's made it through 25 revisions.

But I'm happy to provide some taxonomy / plan of attack.  I'll send
something around tomorrow.

--Richard

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 9:46 PM, Ryan Sleevi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a h=
ref=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com<=
/a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:=
0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><d=
iv class=3D"gmail_extra">That&#39;s a whole lot of issues, and some of them=
 questionably justified. It also seems non-ideal to suggest that these issu=
es be closed without discussion on the list, as that&#39;s not very transpa=
rent.</div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I certainly didn&#39;t me=
an to imply that these would be closed without discussion.=C2=A0 The idea o=
f meeting up was just to get concrete proposals in front of the WG faster.<=
br></div><div><br>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"ma=
rgin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"lt=
r"><div class=3D"gmail_extra">Given WGLC has completed, and it seems some o=
f them fundamentally redefine the protocol or implementation, do you have a=
 suggested priority of issues to discuss, from those you view as most clear=
ly justified to least clearly justified?</div></div></blockquote><div><br><=
/div><div>I think you&#39;re over-stating the impacts here.=C2=A0 The overa=
ll shape of the protocol is untouched by these proposals, and many of them =
are just cleanup for a document that&#39;s made it through 25 revisions.<br=
><br></div><div>But I&#39;m happy to provide some taxonomy / plan of attack=
.=C2=A0 I&#39;ll send something around tomorrow.<br><br></div><div>--Richar=
d <br></div><div><br>=C2=A0</div></div><br></div></div>

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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Fresh issues!
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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I appreciate that there's going to be a lot of concern
about a big pile of issues being opened up at this stage
in the process.  Nothing is going to be closed without
working group discussion (which means on the mailing list,
not just in a meeting) unless it's truly trivial -
something on the scale of misplaced punctuation.  I'm
going to go through the new issues tonight and make sure
that we've got a handle on how to get these whacked down
in a timely way.  We should probably figure on having
a side meeting at some point during the week - we'll try
to track down a room once we've got some idea of when
and how many people.

Melinda


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--001a114b10364be16f054ad019d2
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On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 10:28 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

> I think you're over-stating the impacts here.  The overall shape of the
> protocol is untouched by these proposals, and many of them are just cleanup
> for a document that's made it through 25 revisions.
>

https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/162
https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/170
https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/171
https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/174
https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/176
https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185

Are all pretty substantially impacting changes. That's just a few I looked
through of which meaningfully change how either a client or server is
designed and implemented.

I'll use https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185 as an example, which I
suspect is something you'd consider trivial (but I may have read wrong). As
a client, this forces an additional indirection through a URL lookup
service to take advantage of this. It further forces the need for policy
regarding how such URLs are constructed and advertised - because as we all
know, despite (or because of, depending on your view) RFC 3986, URLs are
far messier in the real world, and untangling that mess just shifts the
problem to policy. It touches on operational issues, such as whether or not
this remains static for the duration of the log or variable.

I wasn't trying to suggest we shouldn't discuss these, just that I can see
a number of them are, from a client implementor hat, pretty significant,
and some of them are pretty underjustified or undesirable (e.g.
https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/171 ).

I'll save the substantive comments for the individual discussions, and
greatly appreciate the view to highlight what you believe are most to least
pressing matters to resolve :)

--001a114b10364be16f054ad019d2
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 10:28 PM, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;=
<a href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> w=
rote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8e=
x;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"=
><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span class=3D"gmail=
-"><div>I think you&#39;re over-stating the impacts here.=C2=A0 The overall=
 shape of the protocol is untouched by these proposals, and many of them ar=
e just cleanup for a document that&#39;s made it through 25 revisions.</div=
></span></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div><a href=3D"https=
://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/162">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ti=
cket/162</a></div><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/1=
70">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/170</a><br></div><div><div><div=
><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/171">https://trac.ietf.=
org/trac/trans/ticket/171</a><br></div><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.or=
g/trac/trans/ticket/174">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/174</a><br=
></div></div><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/176">h=
ttps://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/176</a><br></div></div><div><a href=
=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185">https://trac.ietf.org/trac=
/trans/ticket/185</a><br></div><div><br></div><div>Are all pretty substanti=
ally impacting changes. That&#39;s just a few I looked through of which mea=
ningfully change how either a client or server is designed and implemented.=
</div><div><br></div><div>I&#39;ll use=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.or=
g/trac/trans/ticket/185">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185</a> as=
 an example, which I suspect is something you&#39;d consider trivial (but I=
 may have read wrong). As a client, this forces an additional indirection t=
hrough a URL lookup service to take advantage of this. It further forces th=
e need for policy regarding how such URLs are constructed and advertised - =
because as we all know, despite (or because of, depending on your view) RFC=
 3986, URLs are far messier in the real world, and untangling that mess jus=
t shifts the problem to policy. It touches on operational issues, such as w=
hether or not this remains static for the duration of the log or variable.<=
/div><div><br></div><div>I wasn&#39;t trying to suggest we shouldn&#39;t di=
scuss these, just that I can see a number of them are, from a client implem=
entor hat, pretty significant, and some of them are pretty underjustified o=
r undesirable (e.g.=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket=
/171">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/171</a> ).</div><div><br></di=
v><div>I&#39;ll save the substantive comments for the individual discussion=
s, and greatly appreciate the view to highlight what you believe are most t=
o least pressing matters to resolve :)</div></div></div></div>

--001a114b10364be16f054ad019d2--


From nobody Thu Mar 16 04:00:53 2017
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From: Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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Melinda,

You'll recall that (a few months ago) both Eran and I promised that we 
would make no further changes to 6962-bis.  But if you'd like me to 
resume co-authoring duties, I'd be happy to do so.

On 16/03/17 02:39, Melinda Shore wrote:
> I appreciate that there's going to be a lot of concern
> about a big pile of issues being opened up at this stage
> in the process.  Nothing is going to be closed without
> working group discussion (which means on the mailing list,
> not just in a meeting) unless it's truly trivial -
> something on the scale of misplaced punctuation.  I'm
> going to go through the new issues tonight and make sure
> that we've got a handle on how to get these whacked down
> in a timely way.  We should probably figure on having
> a side meeting at some point during the week - we'll try
> to track down a room once we've got some idea of when
> and how many people.
>
> Melinda

-- 
Rob Stradling
Senior Research & Development Scientist
COMODO - Creating Trust Online


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Same here - I also think that going over the issues Richard has filed to
determine which ones can be addressed in a timely way, without
significantly changing fundamental aspects of 6962-bis.


On Thu, Mar 16, 2017 at 11:00 AM, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
wrote:

> Melinda,
>
> You'll recall that (a few months ago) both Eran and I promised that we
> would make no further changes to 6962-bis.  But if you'd like me to resume
> co-authoring duties, I'd be happy to do so.
>
>
> On 16/03/17 02:39, Melinda Shore wrote:
>
>> I appreciate that there's going to be a lot of concern
>> about a big pile of issues being opened up at this stage
>> in the process.  Nothing is going to be closed without
>> working group discussion (which means on the mailing list,
>> not just in a meeting) unless it's truly trivial -
>> something on the scale of misplaced punctuation.  I'm
>> going to go through the new issues tonight and make sure
>> that we've got a handle on how to get these whacked down
>> in a timely way.  We should probably figure on having
>> a side meeting at some point during the week - we'll try
>> to track down a room once we've got some idea of when
>> and how many people.
>>
>> Melinda
>>
>
> --
> Rob Stradling
> Senior Research & Development Scientist
> COMODO - Creating Trust Online
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

--001a114aa74ac33e46054ad82cc1
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<div dir=3D"ltr">Same here - I also think that going over the issues Richar=
d has filed to determine which ones can be addressed in a timely way, witho=
ut significantly changing fundamental aspects of 6962-bis.<div><br></div></=
div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Thu, Mar 1=
6, 2017 at 11:00 AM, Rob Stradling <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:=
rob.stradling@comodo.com" target=3D"_blank">rob.stradling@comodo.com</a>&gt=
;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 =
.8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">Melinda,<br>
<br>
You&#39;ll recall that (a few months ago) both Eran and I promised that we =
would make no further changes to 6962-bis.=C2=A0 But if you&#39;d like me t=
o resume co-authoring duties, I&#39;d be happy to do so.<div class=3D"HOEnZ=
b"><div class=3D"h5"><br>
<br>
On 16/03/17 02:39, Melinda Shore wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
I appreciate that there&#39;s going to be a lot of concern<br>
about a big pile of issues being opened up at this stage<br>
in the process.=C2=A0 Nothing is going to be closed without<br>
working group discussion (which means on the mailing list,<br>
not just in a meeting) unless it&#39;s truly trivial -<br>
something on the scale of misplaced punctuation.=C2=A0 I&#39;m<br>
going to go through the new issues tonight and make sure<br>
that we&#39;ve got a handle on how to get these whacked down<br>
in a timely way.=C2=A0 We should probably figure on having<br>
a side meeting at some point during the week - we&#39;ll try<br>
to track down a room once we&#39;ve got some idea of when<br>
and how many people.<br>
<br>
Melinda<br>
</blockquote>
<br></div></div><span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888">
-- <br>
Rob Stradling<br>
Senior Research &amp; Development Scientist<br>
COMODO - Creating Trust Online<br>
<br>
______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/l<wbr>istinfo/trans</a><br>
</font></span></blockquote></div><br></div>

--001a114aa74ac33e46054ad82cc1--


From nobody Thu Mar 16 05:45:38 2017
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From: Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se>
To: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
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Organization: Sunet
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Gossip URL version
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Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote
Wed, 15 Mar 2017 14:48:32 -0700:

> On Wed, 15 Mar 2017 21:44:46 +0100
> Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se> wrote:
>
>> The gossip protocol should work for both CT v1 and CT v2. If it
>> doesn't, we should fix that. If that's not possible, let's define a
>> gossip protocol version two.
>
> The sth-pollination protocol defined in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-04
> could work with v1 STHs, but section 8.2.4 says it contains an
> array of v2 STHs:
>
> "sths - an array of 0 or more fresh SignedTreeHeads as defined in
> [RFC-6962-BIS-09] Section 3.6.1."

Hmm. It seems like CT v1 has been ignored in the transition to 6962-bis.


> For this reason, I've been implementing draft-ietf-trans-gossip-00,
> which uses v1 STHs and uses the URL .well-known/ct/v1/sth-pollination.
>
> Should I be using the URL defined in -04 instead?
>
> Incidentally, -04 is not entirely clear how STHs are represented.
> RFC6962-bis no longer defines a JSON representation for STHs.  Instead
> STHs are returned in JSON responses as base64-encoded SignedTreeHeads.
> Does this mean that the sth-pollination protocol should use a JSON
> array of strings, possibly mixed with JSON objects for v1 STHs?

I don't know right now. Suggestions welcome! Well, I guess your question
is a suggestion. Analysis welcome, as well as proposed text of course. :)

Also, very happy to see implementation under way!



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To: Eran Messeri <eranm@google.com>, Rob Stradling <rob.stradling@comodo.com>
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Date: Thu, 16 Mar 2017 07:48:25 -0800
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On 3/16/17 4:26 AM, Eran Messeri wrote:
> Same here - I also think that going over the issues Richard has filed t=
o
> determine which ones can be addressed in a timely way, without
> significantly changing fundamental aspects of 6962-bis.
>=20
> On Thu, Mar 16, 2017 at 11:00 AM, Rob Stradling
> <rob.stradling@comodo.com <mailto:rob.stradling@comodo.com>> wrote:
>=20
>     You'll recall that (a few months ago) both Eran and I promised that=

>     we would make no further changes to 6962-bis.  But if you'd like me=

>     to resume co-authoring duties, I'd be happy to do so.

Excellent - thanks to you both.  I think it would also be
helpful to identify which of the new issues can be addressed
in a new document and which require changes to the -bis
draft.

Melinda



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Date: Thu, 16 Mar 2017 08:55:03 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Gossip URL version
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On Thu, 16 Mar 2017 13:45:28 +0100
Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se> wrote:

> Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote
> Wed, 15 Mar 2017 14:48:32 -0700:
> 
> > On Wed, 15 Mar 2017 21:44:46 +0100
> > Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se> wrote:
> >
> >> The gossip protocol should work for both CT v1 and CT v2. If it
> >> doesn't, we should fix that. If that's not possible, let's define a
> >> gossip protocol version two.
> >
> > The sth-pollination protocol defined in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-04
> > could work with v1 STHs, but section 8.2.4 says it contains an
> > array of v2 STHs:
> >
> > "sths - an array of 0 or more fresh SignedTreeHeads as defined in
> > [RFC-6962-BIS-09] Section 3.6.1."
> 
> Hmm. It seems like CT v1 has been ignored in the transition to
> 6962-bis.

It seems very desirable to add explicit CT v1 support, as it will probably
be quite a while before CT v2 fully replaces CT v1, and there is a need
for gossip in the v1 ecosystem in the meantime.

I don't think the changes would be significant, and I'd be willing to
make a pass through the draft to add text where necessary.  However,
the gossip draft has already completed WGLC.  What kind of changes can
be made at this point?

> > For this reason, I've been implementing draft-ietf-trans-gossip-00,
> > which uses v1 STHs and uses the
> > URL .well-known/ct/v1/sth-pollination.
> >
> > Should I be using the URL defined in -04 instead?
> >
> > Incidentally, -04 is not entirely clear how STHs are represented.
> > RFC6962-bis no longer defines a JSON representation for STHs.
> > Instead STHs are returned in JSON responses as base64-encoded
> > SignedTreeHeads. Does this mean that the sth-pollination protocol
> > should use a JSON array of strings, possibly mixed with JSON
> > objects for v1 STHs?
> 
> I don't know right now. Suggestions welcome! Well, I guess your
> question is a suggestion. Analysis welcome, as well as proposed text
> of course. :)

Yes, you can take my question as a suggestion.  The advantage is
that it avoids creating redundant formats for STHs and allows code
reuse for parsing STHs.  The disadvantage is that mixing objects and
strings in the same array might make parsing the JSON awkward with some
libraries/languages.

> Also, very happy to see implementation under way!

I should have a report to make to trans soon :-)

Regards,
Andrew


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From: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Mar 2017 10:09:44 -0700
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Subject: [Trans] CT for DNSSEC
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Hi folks,

I saw there was significant interest
<http://blog.huque.com/2014/07/dnssec-key-transparency.html> in exploring
CT for DNSSEC back in 2014 of which a draft draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec
<https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03> was created.
It seems to have quieted down since.  I believe the motivation is still
there which is to prevent a parent zone from potentially misbehaving and
spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the list
archives, I can't see what the issues were though I'm guessing one of them
was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might have
caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I'm wrong)  Other
than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other concerns?

thanks,
-Wei

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<div dir="ltr">Hi folks,<div><br></div><div>I saw there was <a href="http://blog.huque.com/2014/07/dnssec-key-transparency.html" target="_blank">significant interest</a> in exploring CT for DNSSEC back in 2014 of which a <a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03">draft draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec</a> <wbr>was created.  It seems to have quieted down since.  I believe the motivation is still there which is to prevent a parent zone from potentially misbehaving and spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the list archives, I can&#39;t see what the issues were though I&#39;m guessing one of them was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might have caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I&#39;m wrong)  Other than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other concerns?</div><div><br></div><div>thanks,</div><div>-Wei  <br></div><!--
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--001a1142ef02bd25cf054adc202a--


From nobody Thu Mar 16 10:25:15 2017
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From: "Paul Hoffman" <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
To: "Wei Chuang" <weihaw@google.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [dane] CT for DNSSEC
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On 16 Mar 2017, at 10:09, Wei Chuang wrote:

> I saw there was significant interest
> <http://blog.huque.com/2014/07/dnssec-key-transparency.html> in 
> exploring
> CT for DNSSEC back in 2014 of which a draft 
> draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec
> <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03> was 
> created.
> It seems to have quieted down since.  I believe the motivation is 
> still
> there which is to prevent a parent zone from potentially misbehaving 
> and
> spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the 
> list
> archives, I can't see what the issues were though I'm guessing one of 
> them
> was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might have
> caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I'm wrong)  
> Other
> than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other 
> concerns?

There were two separate issues that got conflated at the time:

- Seeing evidence that a parent had spoofed DNSSEC keys for a child. A 
transcript of the DS records in the parent is sufficient as long as the 
child doesn't have relying parties create islands of trust (which is 
relatively rare these days).

- Seeing evidence that a parent had spoofed any resource records for a 
child. A transcript of the NS records in the parents is a good start, 
although what is really needed is a transcript of everything that is 
seen for the child.

In both cases, having transcripts from various DNS looking glasses 
around the Internet would give greater assurance of the integrity of the 
transcript.

--Paul Hoffman


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Fresh issues!
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--f403045ea68837a4f5054ae1014c
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

Alright, here's some taxonomy:

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1TS8fgwLrW2js1Q4genXRSzEOOCihw9rJPNq5Zc7a4To/edit?usp=sharing

I've binned the issues into a few classes: Editorial, Architecture, Data
Model, HTTP API, and TLS Connections.  I've filled in estimates of
priorities (personal) and effort (in units of code, spec text, WG time).

I've also highlighted exactly what the impact would be on any current
implementations of 6962-bis as it is.  I think this primarily serves to
illustrate that the impacts are localized, e.g., to the parsing of specific
objects, as opposed to changing the overall pattern of behavior of any of
the participants in the protocol.  The largest impacts are adding an HTTP
request, to fetch an STH or a URL directory.

As far as plan of attack, I might propose a two-part plan:

1. The editors and I go ahead and write up PRs for the editorial and data
model issues, since these should either be non-controversial or pretty
straightforward to come to resolution on.  These also constitute the
largest text changes, so they'll be good to get out of the way.

2. We discuss the remainder at the IETF meeting and try to agree on
direction, then create PRs as necessary to make things concrete and get
toward consensus.

Melinda: With regard to your questions about what of this needs to be in
-bis and what could move to a client behaviors document: If we're going to
have a client behavior document, I would propose we delete Section 8.2
entirely in favor of that document (and probably the remainder of Section 8
as well).  That section doesn't add much beyond saying "use the mechanisms
defined above", and that would resolve the CONN issues in my batch.


On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 10:48 PM, Ryan Sleevi <ryan-ietf@sleevi.com> wrote:

>
>
> On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 10:28 PM, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>
>> I think you're over-stating the impacts here.  The overall shape of the
>> protocol is untouched by these proposals, and many of them are just cleanup
>> for a document that's made it through 25 revisions.
>>
>
> https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/162
> https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/170
> https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/171
> https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/174
> https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/176
> https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185
>
> Are all pretty substantially impacting changes. That's just a few I looked
> through of which meaningfully change how either a client or server is
> designed and implemented.
>
> I'll use https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185 as an example, which
> I suspect is something you'd consider trivial (but I may have read wrong).
> As a client, this forces an additional indirection through a URL lookup
> service to take advantage of this. It further forces the need for policy
> regarding how such URLs are constructed and advertised - because as we all
> know, despite (or because of, depending on your view) RFC 3986, URLs are
> far messier in the real world, and untangling that mess just shifts the
> problem to policy. It touches on operational issues, such as whether or not
> this remains static for the duration of the log or variable.
>
> I wasn't trying to suggest we shouldn't discuss these, just that I can see
> a number of them are, from a client implementor hat, pretty significant,
> and some of them are pretty underjustified or undesirable (e.g.
> https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/171 ).
>
> I'll save the substantive comments for the individual discussions, and
> greatly appreciate the view to highlight what you believe are most to least
> pressing matters to resolve :)
>

--f403045ea68837a4f5054ae1014c
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><div><div><div><div><div><div>Alright, here&#39;s some tax=
onomy:<br><br><a href=3D"https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1TS8fgwLrW2=
js1Q4genXRSzEOOCihw9rJPNq5Zc7a4To/edit?usp=3Dsharing">https://docs.google.c=
om/spreadsheets/d/1TS8fgwLrW2js1Q4genXRSzEOOCihw9rJPNq5Zc7a4To/edit?usp=3Ds=
haring</a><br><br></div>I&#39;ve binned the issues into a few classes: Edit=
orial, Architecture,  Data Model, HTTP API, and TLS Connections.=C2=A0 I&#3=
9;ve filled in estimates of priorities (personal) and effort (in units of c=
ode, spec text, WG time).<br><br>I&#39;ve also highlighted exactly what the=
 impact would be on any current implementations of 6962-bis as it is.=C2=A0=
 I think this primarily serves to illustrate that the impacts are localized=
, e.g., to the parsing of specific objects, as opposed to changing the over=
all pattern of behavior of any of the participants in the protocol.=C2=A0 T=
he largest impacts are adding an HTTP request, to fetch an STH or a URL dir=
ectory.<br></div><br></div>As far as plan of attack, I might propose a two-=
part plan:<br><br></div><div>1. The editors and I go ahead and write up PRs=
 for the editorial and data model issues, since these should either be non-=
controversial or pretty straightforward to come to resolution on.=C2=A0 The=
se also constitute the largest text changes, so they&#39;ll be good to get =
out of the way.<br><br></div><div>2. We discuss the remainder at the IETF m=
eeting and try to agree on direction, then create PRs as necessary to make =
things concrete and get toward consensus.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Meli=
nda: With regard to your questions about what of this needs to be in
 -bis and what could move to a client behaviors document: If we&#39;re goin=
g
 to have a client behavior document, I would propose we delete Section=20
8.2 entirely in favor of that document (and probably the remainder of=20
Section 8 as well).=C2=A0 That section doesn&#39;t add much beyond saying &=
quot;use=20
the mechanisms defined above&quot;, and that would resolve the CONN issues =
in
 my batch.</div><div><br></div></div></div></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"=
><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 10:48 PM, Ryan Slee=
vi <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ryan-ietf@sleevi.com" target=3D"=
_blank">ryan-ietf@sleevi.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"=
gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-=
left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D=
"gmail_quote"><span class=3D"">On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 10:28 PM, Richard Ba=
rnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">=
rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding=
-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_=
quote"><span class=3D"m_-7355999914593645339gmail-"><div>I think you&#39;re=
 over-stating the impacts here.=C2=A0 The overall shape of the protocol is =
untouched by these proposals, and many of them are just cleanup for a docum=
ent that&#39;s made it through 25 revisions.</div></span></div></div></div>=
</blockquote><div><br></div></span><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/tr=
ac/trans/ticket/162" target=3D"_blank">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/<wbr>tran=
s/ticket/162</a></div><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/tick=
et/170" target=3D"_blank">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/<wbr>trans/ticket/170<=
/a><br></div><div><div><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/tic=
ket/171" target=3D"_blank">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/<wbr>trans/ticket/171=
</a><br></div><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/174" =
target=3D"_blank">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/<wbr>trans/ticket/174</a><br><=
/div></div><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/176" tar=
get=3D"_blank">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/<wbr>trans/ticket/176</a><br></di=
v></div><div><a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185" target=
=3D"_blank">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/<wbr>trans/ticket/185</a><br></div><=
div><br></div><div>Are all pretty substantially impacting changes. That&#39=
;s just a few I looked through of which meaningfully change how either a cl=
ient or server is designed and implemented.</div><div><br></div><div>I&#39;=
ll use=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185" target=
=3D"_blank">https://trac.ietf.org/<wbr>trac/trans/ticket/185</a> as an exam=
ple, which I suspect is something you&#39;d consider trivial (but I may hav=
e read wrong). As a client, this forces an additional indirection through a=
 URL lookup service to take advantage of this. It further forces the need f=
or policy regarding how such URLs are constructed and advertised - because =
as we all know, despite (or because of, depending on your view) RFC 3986, U=
RLs are far messier in the real world, and untangling that mess just shifts=
 the problem to policy. It touches on operational issues, such as whether o=
r not this remains static for the duration of the log or variable.</div><di=
v><br></div><div>I wasn&#39;t trying to suggest we shouldn&#39;t discuss th=
ese, just that I can see a number of them are, from a client implementor ha=
t, pretty significant, and some of them are pretty underjustified or undesi=
rable (e.g.=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/171" ta=
rget=3D"_blank">https://trac.ietf.org/<wbr>trac/trans/ticket/171</a> ).</di=
v><div><br></div><div>I&#39;ll save the substantive comments for the indivi=
dual discussions, and greatly appreciate the view to highlight what you bel=
ieve are most to least pressing matters to resolve :)</div></div></div></di=
v>
</blockquote></div><br></div>

--f403045ea68837a4f5054ae1014c--


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From: Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se>
To: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
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In-Reply-To: <CAAFsWK0bCDZmg0csCfXAJ1=jqbOBc7sUUvSg-6ZKjxuAQKmQPA@mail.gmail.com> (Wei Chuang's message of "Thu, 16 Mar 2017 10:09:44 -0700")
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Subject: Re: [Trans] CT for DNSSEC
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Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com> wrote
Thu, 16 Mar 2017 10:09:44 -0700:

> spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the list
> archives, I can't see what the issues were though I'm guessing one of them
> was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might have
> caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I'm wrong)  Other
> than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other concerns?

I'm still interested in logging things DNSSEC. The test log set up at
the IETF Berlin hackathon [0] is still running [1]. We lack a client for
submission.

Protocol deviations from draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03 are summarized
in [2].

[0] https://lists.sunet.se/pipermail/dnssec-transparency/2016-July/000049.html
[1] curl -A "" -x socks4a://127.0.0.1:9050/ -s http://teowuafdvio2mip5.onion/dt/v1/get-sth | json_pp
--8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
{
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   "timestamp" : 1489739801931,
   "tree_size" : 1,
   "sha256_root_hash" : "OQFz17e1piHRfRRsAG3QkweRuq/jyrjViq+vZbkyY+I="
}
--8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---
[2] https://git.nordu.net/?p=user/linus/catlfish.git;a=blob_plain;f=README-dnssec.md;hb=refs/heads/dnssec2


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From: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Mar 2017 09:31:44 -0700
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On Thu, Mar 16, 2017 at 10:25 AM, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
wrote:

> On 16 Mar 2017, at 10:09, Wei Chuang wrote:
>
> I saw there was significant interest
>> <http://blog.huque.com/2014/07/dnssec-key-transparency.html> in exploring
>> CT for DNSSEC back in 2014 of which a draft draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec
>> <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03> was created.
>> It seems to have quieted down since.  I believe the motivation is still
>> there which is to prevent a parent zone from potentially misbehaving and
>> spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the list
>> archives, I can't see what the issues were though I'm guessing one of them
>> was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might have
>> caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I'm wrong)
>> Other
>> than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other concerns?
>>
>
> There were two separate issues that got conflated at the time:
>
> - Seeing evidence that a parent had spoofed DNSSEC keys for a child. A
> transcript of the DS records in the parent is sufficient as long as the
> child doesn't have relying parties create islands of trust (which is
> relatively rare these days).
>
> - Seeing evidence that a parent had spoofed any resource records for a
> child. A transcript of the NS records in the parents is a good start,
> although what is really needed is a transcript of everything that is seen
> for the child.
>

Is this because you're worried about the parent removing evidence of DNSSEC
for the child in the spoofing scenario?  If the parent tries to spoof with
DNSSEC for the child I would assume that seeing the DS SCT's in the log,
that is sufficient to find evidence of spoofing.  That said I think it
could be helpful to log NS as well for forensics.

One issue with logging all records seen is if webmail providers publish
SMIMEA there will be a potentially overwhelming number of records logged,
and a very large change rate.  Another issue is privacy of such records.


>
> In both cases, having transcripts from various DNS looking glasses around
> the Internet would give greater assurance of the integrity of the
> transcript.


I agree that would a good idea.

-Wei


>
> --Paul Hoffman
>

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<div dir="ltr"><br><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, Mar 16, 2017 at 10:25 AM, Paul Hoffman <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a href="mailto:paul.hoffman@vpnc.org" target="_blank">paul.hoffman@vpnc.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><span class="gmail-">On 16 Mar 2017, at 10:09, Wei Chuang wrote:<br>
<br>
</span><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><span class="gmail-">
I saw there was significant interest<br></span>
&lt;<a href="http://blog.huque.com/2014/07/dnssec-key-transparency.html" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://blog.huque.com/2014/07<wbr>/dnssec-key-transparency.html</a>&gt; in exploring<span class="gmail-"><br>
CT for DNSSEC back in 2014 of which a draft draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec<br></span>
&lt;<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://tools.ietf.org/html/d<wbr>raft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03</a>&gt; was created.<span class="gmail-"><br>
It seems to have quieted down since.  I believe the motivation is still<br>
there which is to prevent a parent zone from potentially misbehaving and<br>
spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the list<br>
archives, I can&#39;t see what the issues were though I&#39;m guessing one of them<br>
was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might have<br>
caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I&#39;m wrong)  Other<br>
than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other concerns?<br>
</span></blockquote>
<br>
There were two separate issues that got conflated at the time:<br>
<br>
- Seeing evidence that a parent had spoofed DNSSEC keys for a child. A transcript of the DS records in the parent is sufficient as long as the child doesn&#39;t have relying parties create islands of trust (which is relatively rare these days).<br>
<br>
- Seeing evidence that a parent had spoofed any resource records for a child. A transcript of the NS records in the parents is a good start, although what is really needed is a transcript of everything that is seen for the child.<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Is this because you&#39;re worried about the parent removing evidence of DNSSEC for the child in the spoofing scenario?  If the parent tries to spoof with DNSSEC for the child I would assume that seeing the DS SCT&#39;s in the log, that is sufficient to find evidence of spoofing.  That said I think it could be helpful to log NS as well for forensics.</div><div><br></div><div>One issue with logging all records seen is if webmail providers publish SMIMEA there will be a potentially overwhelming number of records logged, and a very large change rate.  Another issue is privacy of such records.  </div><div> </div><!--
--><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
In both cases, having transcripts from various DNS looking glasses around the Internet would give greater assurance of the integrity of the transcript.</blockquote><div><br></div><div>I agree that would a good idea.</div><div> </div><div>-Wei</div><div><br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><span class="gmail-HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
<br>
--Paul Hoffman<br>
</font></span></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

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From: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Mar 2017 09:34:39 -0700
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Subject: Re: [Trans] CT for DNSSEC
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On Fri, Mar 17, 2017 at 1:54 AM, Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se> wrote:

> Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com> wrote
> Thu, 16 Mar 2017 10:09:44 -0700:
>
> > spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the list
> > archives, I can't see what the issues were though I'm guessing one of
> them
> > was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might have
> > caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I'm wrong)
> Other
> > than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other concerns?
>
> I'm still interested in logging things DNSSEC. The test log set up at
> the IETF Berlin hackathon [0] is still running [1].


Oh cool.  Taking a look.

Did things just pause due to benign neglect?

-Wei


> We lack a client for
> submission.


> Protocol deviations from draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03 are summarized
> in [2].
>
> [0] https://lists.sunet.se/pipermail/dnssec-transparency/
> 2016-July/000049.html
> [1] curl -A "" -x socks4a://127.0.0.1:9050/ -s
> http://teowuafdvio2mip5.onion/dt/v1/get-sth | json_pp
> --8<---------------cut here---------------start------------->8---
> {
>    "tree_head_signature" : "BAMARjBEAiA48+vqfg2O3ZbVYvlMxof2dzLwJ09gPtdY
> 3FGtq1LbaAIgXWD4qfCOh38JzCz52E1B1cdkI+8+gHitA1DNMC4Zl2g=",
>    "timestamp" : 1489739801931,
>    "tree_size" : 1,
>    "sha256_root_hash" : "OQFz17e1piHRfRRsAG3QkweRuq/jyrjViq+vZbkyY+I="
> }
> --8<---------------cut here---------------end--------------->8---
> [2] https://git.nordu.net/?p=user/linus/catlfish.git;a=blob_
> plain;f=README-dnssec.md;hb=refs/heads/dnssec2
>

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<div dir="ltr"><br><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 17, 2017 at 1:54 AM, Linus Nordberg <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a href="mailto:linus@sunet.se" target="_blank">linus@sunet.se</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">Wei Chuang &lt;<a href="mailto:weihaw@google.com">weihaw@google.com</a>&gt; wrote<br>
Thu, 16 Mar 2017 10:09:44 -0700:<br>
<span class="gmail-"><br>
&gt; spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the list<br>
&gt; archives, I can&#39;t see what the issues were though I&#39;m guessing one of them<br>
&gt; was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might have<br>
&gt; caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I&#39;m wrong)  Other<br>
&gt; than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other concerns?<br>
<br>
</span>I&#39;m still interested in logging things DNSSEC. The test log set up at<br>
the IETF Berlin hackathon [0] is still running [1]. </blockquote><div><br></div><div>Oh cool.  Taking a look.  <br></div><div><br></div><div>Did things just pause due to benign neglect?  </div><div><br></div><div>-Wei</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">We lack a client for<br>
submission. </blockquote><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Protocol deviations from draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03 are summarized<br>
in [2].<br>
<br>
[0] <a href="https://lists.sunet.se/pipermail/dnssec-transparency/2016-July/000049.html" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://lists.sunet.se/<wbr>pipermail/dnssec-transparency/<wbr>2016-July/000049.html</a><br>
[1] curl -A &quot;&quot; -x socks4a://<a href="http://127.0.0.1:9050/" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">127.0.0.1:9050/</a> -s <a href="http://teowuafdvio2mip5.onion/dt/v1/get-sth" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">http://teowuafdvio2mip5.onion/<wbr>dt/v1/get-sth</a> | json_pp<br>
--8&lt;---------------cut here---------------start------<wbr>-------&gt;8---<br>
{<br>
   &quot;tree_head_signature&quot; : &quot;BAMARjBEAiA48+<wbr>vqfg2O3ZbVYvlMxof2dzLwJ09gPtdY<wbr>3FGtq1LbaAIgXWD4qfCOh38JzCz52E<wbr>1B1cdkI+8+gHitA1DNMC4Zl2g=&quot;,<br>
   &quot;timestamp&quot; : 1489739801931,<br>
   &quot;tree_size&quot; : 1,<br>
   &quot;sha256_root_hash&quot; : &quot;OQFz17e1piHRfRRsAG3QkweRuq/<wbr>jyrjViq+vZbkyY+I=&quot;<br>
}<br>
--8&lt;---------------cut here---------------end--------<wbr>-------&gt;8---<br>
[2] <a href="https://git.nordu.net/?p=user/linus/catlfish.git;a=blob_plain;f=README-dnssec.md;hb=refs/heads/dnssec2" rel="noreferrer" target="_blank">https://git.nordu.net/?p=user/<wbr>linus/catlfish.git;a=blob_<wbr>plain;f=README-dnssec.md;hb=<wbr>refs/heads/dnssec2</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--001a1137a09a0cc16d054aefc120--

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--001a1137a09a116d4a054aefc1d5--


From nobody Fri Mar 17 11:20:19 2017
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From: "Paul Hoffman" <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
To: "Wei Chuang" <weihaw@google.com>
Cc: trans@ietf.org, dane@ietf.org
Date: Fri, 17 Mar 2017 11:20:06 -0700
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [dane] CT for DNSSEC
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On 17 Mar 2017, at 9:31, Wei Chuang wrote:

> On Thu, Mar 16, 2017 at 10:25 AM, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
> wrote:
>
>> On 16 Mar 2017, at 10:09, Wei Chuang wrote:
>>
>> I saw there was significant interest
>>> <http://blog.huque.com/2014/07/dnssec-key-transparency.html> in 
>>> exploring
>>> CT for DNSSEC back in 2014 of which a draft 
>>> draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec
>>> <https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-zhang-trans-ct-dnssec-03> was 
>>> created.
>>> It seems to have quieted down since.  I believe the motivation is 
>>> still
>>> there which is to prevent a parent zone from potentially misbehaving 
>>> and
>>> spoofing the child zone.  Is there still interest in this?  From the 
>>> list
>>> archives, I can't see what the issues were though I'm guessing one 
>>> of them
>>> was respecifying the DS resource record to use a SCT which might 
>>> have
>>> caused compatibility concerns.  (But please correct me if I'm wrong)
>>> Other
>>> than that, the draft seems pretty reasonable.  Were there other 
>>> concerns?
>>>
>>
>> There were two separate issues that got conflated at the time:
>>
>> - Seeing evidence that a parent had spoofed DNSSEC keys for a child. 
>> A
>> transcript of the DS records in the parent is sufficient as long as 
>> the
>> child doesn't have relying parties create islands of trust (which is
>> relatively rare these days).
>>
>> - Seeing evidence that a parent had spoofed any resource records for 
>> a
>> child. A transcript of the NS records in the parents is a good start,
>> although what is really needed is a transcript of everything that is 
>> seen
>> for the child.
>>
>
> Is this because you're worried about the parent removing evidence of 
> DNSSEC
> for the child in the spoofing scenario?

No, this is because the parent can spoof any data for the child. It is 
unrelated to DNSSEC.

> If the parent tries to spoof with
> DNSSEC for the child I would assume that seeing the DS SCT's in the 
> log,
> that is sufficient to find evidence of spoofing.  That said I think it
> could be helpful to log NS as well for forensics.

Transcripts are useful even when the logged data is not cryptographic.

> One issue with logging all records seen is if webmail providers 
> publish
> SMIMEA there will be a potentially overwhelming number of records 
> logged,
> and a very large change rate.

Don't log what you can't log due to scale.

> Another issue is privacy of such records.

Sure, but there are unpredictable privacy issues with lots of DNS record 
data. It's not possible for us to predict what will and will not be 
considered private information now or in the future for anyone other 
than ourselves.

>> In both cases, having transcripts from various DNS looking glasses 
>> around
>> the Internet would give greater assurance of the integrity of the
>> transcript.
>
>
> I agree that would a good idea.

--Paul Hoffman


From nobody Fri Mar 17 11:46:36 2017
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [dane] CT for DNSSEC
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> On Mar 17, 2017, at 2:20 PM, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org> =
wrote:
>=20
>> Is this because you're worried about the parent removing evidence of =
DNSSEC
>> for the child in the spoofing scenario?
>=20
> No, this is because the parent can spoof any data for the child. It is =
unrelated to DNSSEC.

With qname minimization, the parent will first need to deny an NS
RRset for the child, and those DOE records are better candidates
for logging than routine non-NS queries.  So logging can be limited
to NS/DS queries, but that still leaves us with the problem of how
to avoid logging non-existence of NS/DS for all the sundry leaf
nodes. The public suffix list might be a useful resource here...

--=20
	Viktor.


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On 3/16/17 2:58 PM, Richard Barnes wrote:
> Melinda: With regard to your questions about what of this needs to be i=
n
> -bis and what could move to a client behaviors document: If we're going=

> to have a client behavior document, I would propose we delete Section
> 8.2 entirely in favor of that document (and probably the remainder of
> Section 8 as well).  That section doesn't add much beyond saying "use
> the mechanisms defined above", and that would resolve the CONN issues i=
n
> my batch.

Okay, we'll try to get a sense of how much agreement there
would be to doing so.  The two-part bottleneck on any of this is
whether or not there's consensus that we need a client behavior
draft and whether or not we've got editors who are on top of
client issues.

Also, to reiterate a general principle in this working group, our
expectation is that 6962-bis does not have to be complete but it
does have to be correct.

Melinda



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From nobody Sat Mar 18 15:36:21 2017
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From: Linus Nordberg <linus@sunet.se>
To: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
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In-Reply-To: <CAAFsWK10guCS9AkTOu44eFZGWLSaUiK+GRYGFS+BNnNvwOci+A@mail.gmail.com> (Wei Chuang's message of "Fri, 17 Mar 2017 09:34:39 -0700")
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Subject: Re: [Trans] CT for DNSSEC
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Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com> wrote
Fri, 17 Mar 2017 09:34:39 -0700:

> Did things just pause due to benign neglect?

After consulting the database on the matter of what "benign neglect"
means I think that I'll have to answer no.

There was a lunch meeting in Yokohama where a number of people expressed
interest in an experiment with logging DS records in the root and one or
two more TLD's.

A log was implemented [0] with great support from Willem Toorop of
getdns. A standalone client was developed but never got
published. What's lacking for the experiment is a client and a couple of
operators of if.

[0] https://git.nordu.net/?p=user/linus/catlfish.git;a=tree;h=refs/heads/dnssec2;hb=refs/heads/dnssec2


From nobody Mon Mar 20 07:51:48 2017
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Subject: Re: [Trans] RFC 7320 and draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-24
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FYI this has been documented in https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185.

On Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 8:46 PM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
wrote:

> On 3/15/17 12:29 PM, Martin Thomson wrote:
> > I am not following this work, but this and the original RFC 6962 both
> > run afoul of the (good) guidance in RFC 7320.
> >
> > Has the working group solicited feedback from the HTTP community on
> > the use of HTTP in this protocol?
>
> No, we haven't.
>
> For what it's worth, 6962 reflects implementation and
> deployment prior to CT having been brought to the IETF
> for standardization, so any concerns regarding URL
> syntax or HTTP transport in the work being done by this
> working group are necessarily limited to the -bis and
> related documents.
>
> To be honest, I'm personally not convinced of the applicability
> of 7320 in this case but if there's a specific problem it does
> need to be discussed.
>
> Melinda
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr">FYI this has been documented in=C2=A0<a href=3D"https://tr=
ac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/185">https://trac.ietf.org/trac/trans/ticket/=
185</a>.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On =
Wed, Mar 15, 2017 at 8:46 PM, Melinda Shore <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:melinda.shore@gmail.com" target=3D"_blank">melinda.shore@gmail.c=
om</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"marg=
in:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=3D""=
>On 3/15/17 12:29 PM, Martin Thomson wrote:<br>
&gt; I am not following this work, but this and the original RFC 6962 both<=
br>
&gt; run afoul of the (good) guidance in RFC 7320.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Has the working group solicited feedback from the HTTP community on<br=
>
&gt; the use of HTTP in this protocol?<br>
<br>
</span>No, we haven&#39;t.<br>
<br>
For what it&#39;s worth, 6962 reflects implementation and<br>
deployment prior to CT having been brought to the IETF<br>
for standardization, so any concerns regarding URL<br>
syntax or HTTP transport in the work being done by this<br>
working group are necessarily limited to the -bis and<br>
related documents.<br>
<br>
To be honest, I&#39;m personally not convinced of the applicability<br>
of 7320 in this case but if there&#39;s a specific problem it does<br>
need to be discussed.<br>
<span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888"><br>
Melinda<br>
<br>
</font></span><br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/<wbr>listinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div>

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From: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2017 15:38:49 -0700
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [dane] CT for DNSSEC
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On Fri, Mar 17, 2017 at 11:20 AM, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org>
wrote:

> On 17 Mar 2017, at 9:31, Wei Chuang wrote:
>
One issue with logging all records seen is if webmail providers publish
>> SMIMEA there will be a potentially overwhelming number of records logged,
>> and a very large change rate.
>>
>
> Don't log what you can't log due to scale.


Just a note of caution: Sometimes that might be hard to determine a priori
deployment, and then the cause of cessation of logging might be
inadvertently interpreted as malicious.  It might be best to statically
define which records are expected to be logged.


>
> Another issue is privacy of such records.
>>
>
> Sure, but there are unpredictable privacy issues with lots of DNS record
> data. It's not possible for us to predict what will and will not be
> considered private information now or in the future for anyone other than
> ourselves.


Logging may defeat the privacy mechanism that SMIMEA and OPENPGPKEY naming
scheme uses to prevent bulk disclosure of keys i.e. sec 7.4 in RFC7929.
Much depends on the log implementation though.

-Wei

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<div dir="ltr"><br><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 17, 2017 at 11:20 AM, Paul Hoffman <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a href="mailto:paul.hoffman@vpnc.org" target="_blank">paul.hoffman@vpnc.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div class="gmail-HOEnZb"><div class="gmail-h5">On 17 Mar 2017, at 9:31, Wei Chuang wrote:</div></div></blockquote><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><span class="gmail-">
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
One issue with logging all records seen is if webmail providers publish<br>
SMIMEA there will be a potentially overwhelming number of records logged,<br>
and a very large change rate.<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
Don&#39;t log what you can&#39;t log due to scale.</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Just a note of caution: Sometimes that might be hard to determine a priori deployment, and then the cause of cessation of logging might be inadvertently interpreted as malicious.  It might be best to statically define which records are expected to be logged.</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><span class="gmail-">
<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
Another issue is privacy of such records.<br>
</blockquote>
<br></span>
Sure, but there are unpredictable privacy issues with lots of DNS record data. It&#39;s not possible for us to predict what will and will not be considered private information now or in the future for anyone other than ourselves.</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Logging may defeat the privacy mechanism that SMIMEA and OPENPGPKEY naming scheme uses to prevent bulk disclosure of keys i.e. sec 7.4 in RFC7929.  Much depends on the log implementation though.</div><div><br></div><div>-Wei</div><div> </div></div></div></div>

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From: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2017 15:43:20 -0700
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [dane] CT for DNSSEC
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On Fri, Mar 17, 2017 at 11:46 AM, Viktor Dukhovni <ietf-dane@dukhovni.org>
wrote:

>
> > On Mar 17, 2017, at 2:20 PM, Paul Hoffman <paul.hoffman@vpnc.org> wrote:
> >
> >> Is this because you're worried about the parent removing evidence of
> DNSSEC
> >> for the child in the spoofing scenario?
> >
> > No, this is because the parent can spoof any data for the child. It is
> unrelated to DNSSEC.
>
> With qname minimization, the parent will first need to deny an NS
> RRset for the child, and those DOE records are better candidates
> for logging than routine non-NS queries.


Can you expand on how the the DOE record (which I assumes means
denial-of-existance) could work with an
adversarial parent?

The only approach I can think of is some sort of UI support which isn't
very compelling.  (Perhaps monitors
but alas I not really up-to-date where things are at with monitors and
gossip)


>   So logging can be limited
> to NS/DS queries, but that still leaves us with the problem of how
> to avoid logging non-existence of NS/DS for all the sundry leaf
> nodes. The public suffix list might be a useful resource here...
>

I agree.

-Wei


>
> --
>         Viktor.
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>

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<div dir="ltr"><br><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Mar 17, 2017 at 11:46 AM, Viktor Dukhovni <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a href="mailto:ietf-dane@dukhovni.org" target="_blank">ietf-dane@dukhovni.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><span class=""><br>
&gt; On Mar 17, 2017, at 2:20 PM, Paul Hoffman &lt;<a href="mailto:paul.hoffman@vpnc.org">paul.hoffman@vpnc.org</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; Is this because you&#39;re worried about the parent removing evidence of DNSSEC<br>
&gt;&gt; for the child in the spoofing scenario?<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; No, this is because the parent can spoof any data for the child. It is unrelated to DNSSEC.<br>
<br>
</span>With qname minimization, the parent will first need to deny an NS<br>
RRset for the child, and those DOE records are better candidates<br>
for logging than routine non-NS queries.</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Can you expand on how the the DOE record (which I assumes means denial-of-existance) could work with an</div><div>adversarial parent?</div><div><br></div><div>The only approach I can think of is some sort of UI support which isn&#39;t very compelling.  (Perhaps monitors</div><div>but alas I not really up-to-date where things are at with monitors and gossip)</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">  So logging can be limited<br>
to NS/DS queries, but that still leaves us with the problem of how<br>
to avoid logging non-existence of NS/DS for all the sundry leaf<br>
nodes. The public suffix list might be a useful resource here...<br></blockquote><div><br></div><div>I agree.</div><div><br></div><div>-Wei</div><div> </div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<span class="HOEnZb"><font color="#888888"><br>
--<br>
        Viktor.<br>
<br>
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--001a113d196a24725e054b314145--


From nobody Mon Mar 20 16:01:02 2017
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [dane] CT for DNSSEC
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> On Mar 20, 2017, at 6:43 PM, Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com> wrote:
> 
>>> No, this is because the parent can spoof any data for the child.
>>> It is unrelated to DNSSEC.
>> 
>> With qname minimization, the parent will first need to deny an NS
>> RRset for the child, and those DOE records are better candidates
>> for logging than routine non-NS queries.
> 
> Can you expand on how the the DOE record (which I assumes means
> denial-of-existence) could work with an adversarial parent?

Yes, DOE is denial of existence.  When the child sends NS queries
as part of qname minimization a negative response (no NS records) 
will include signed NSEC(3) records to that effect, signed by the
parent zone.  These are candidates for logging.

An insecure positive response will include NSEC(3) records proving
the non-existence of the DS RRset (possibly via the opt-out flag).
These can also be logged.

A secure positive response, can also be logged, and the follow-up
query for any associated DS records will again either yields an
answer that can be logged, or DOE that can be logged.

The key question is how to avoid logging ridiculous volumes of
data that can DoS any log service and also disclose too much.

Hence the suggestion to consider using the PSL as a cut-off
mechanism.  One would also not log NXDOMAIN responses to NS,
which might allow parent domains to lie about non-existence,
but is surely necessary to guard against filling logs with
junk.

There are likely many issues this fails to consider, but I
think that's a reasonable starting point to explore further.

-- 
	Viktor.


From nobody Tue Mar 21 08:02:56 2017
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From: Paul Wouters <paul@nohats.ca>
To: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
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On Fri, 17 Mar 2017, Wei Chuang wrote:

> Did things just pause due to benign neglect?  

Yes

Paul


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From: Tarah Wheeler <Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com>
To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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Subject: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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Peter Bowen and I have been collaborating on a possible solution for certif=
icate privacy. Thoughts?

++++++++++


Precertificate Transformation Extension



Many of the concerns around certificate privacy (the ability to privatize s=
ome certificate fields) are due to fears that multiple final certs could be=
 generated for the same precertificate. This solution uses a random key in =
the final certificate which can be matched against the hashed redacted info=
rmation in the precertificate to demonstrate that the precertificate was un=
ique. The precert contains a hash of the original information; without the =
key in the full certificate, the hash is not transformable, and if the key =
works to transform the hash (as a one way function), the pre certificate ca=
n be proven to have been the correct one issued for the full cert. This sol=
ves the difficult problem of ensuring that a given precert is the one that =
was indeed issued for the full certificate.


In order to give domain registrants options for what domain name labels are=
 disclosed in precertificates, we propose a new certificate extension: Prec=
ertifcate Transformation.  This extension is found in both the final certif=
icate and in the precertificate.  The extension specifies a transformation =
algorithm, genneral parameters for the algorithm, and a count of disclosed =
component per subject alternative name.



There are two transformation algorithms initially defined.  The basic algor=
ithm is as described in 6962 and 6962bis.  It has no parameters and the san=
DisclosedComponents component is not used. This algorithm is the default.



The second is the partialhm256 algorithm.  This extends the basic algorithm=
 by including transformation of the subjectAlternativeName extension.  The =
Parms is a 128-bit value that is used as K for a HMAC (cf RFC 2104) that us=
es H =3D SHA256.  For each entry in the subjectAlternativeName extension, a=
n entry in the sanPartialComponents sequence must exist.  Matching is done =
by order.  Let the disclosed components count for the entry in question be =
N.  If N is -1, then the SAN entry is unmodified.  If it is greater than or=
 equal to zero, then the following transformations occur:

(1) If the GeneralName type is not dNSName or iPAddress, the result is unde=
fined and an error must be thrown

(2) If the GeneralName type is dNSName, then the entry is replaced with an =
otherName entry of type id-ct-partialGN-dNSName with a value created by cop=
ying the N labels closest to the root to the new name and prepending them w=
ith a value created by taking the remaining labels and calculating the HMAC=
-SHA256 value and hex encoding it and prepending '#'.  Note that a '*.' pre=
fix on a name is not considered a label; it must be copied to the output as=
 is.



For example, if the input is "*.beta.group.secret.demo.test" with key 0x4fa=
1cb4ce23db6e45caf727b0b1d85ed and the number of disclosed labels is 2, then=
 the resulting name is "*.#4d240f70beb97f4c402984e94ac6e1c8351c89ff13e8a94d=
abfbc474ded4d3d4.demo.test"



(3) If the GeneralName type is iPAddress, then the entry is replaced with a=
n otherName entry of type id-ct-partialGN-iPAddress.  The value is a IA5Str=
ing in the format <partial> + "|" + <hashed>.   For the hashed part, the ad=
dress first is converted to a text string.  The format is dotted decimal, w=
ith no leading zeroes, for IPv4 addresses and is as described in Section 4 =
of RFC 5952 for IPv6 addresses (section 5 is not used in this case).  The H=
MAC-SHA256 value is calculated of this string as in (2) and <hashed> is the=
 hex encoding of the result.  Partial is formed by setting the bits other t=
han N most significant bits to zero and the converting to string as describ=
ed above.



For example, if the input is "198.51.100.47" with key 0x4fa1cb4ce23db6e45ca=
f727b0b1d85ed and the number of disclosed labels is 27, then the resulting =
name is "198.51.100.32|8e38c51f339de29c05e543a099ba76468367043d5bc167c801ae=
0330a648925d".



In the precertificate the transformation parameter is set to a zero length =
bit string.



If the subject contains a commonName type attribute and the value of the co=
mmonName attribute value matches a dNSName in the SAN and the precertificat=
e contains a partialGN otherName in place of that entry, then the commonNam=
e attribute is replaced with a id-ct-partialGN-replacedCN type attribute wi=
th the value being the otherName value.



This algorithm provides the recipient of a full certificate the ability to =
deterministically create the precertificate.  It also ensures that the prec=
ertificate can only reasonably match one full certificate.



id-ct-precertificateTransformation ID ::=3D {1 3 187 97 1}

id-ct-partialGN ID ::=3D {1 3 187 97 10}

id-ct-partialGN-dNSName ID ::=3D {id-ct-redactedGN 2} # type IA5String

id-ct-partialGN-iPAddress ID ::=3D {id-ct-redactedGN 7} # type IA5String

id-ct-partialGN-replacedCN ID ::=3D {id-ct-redactedGN 127} # type IA5String

id-ct-taAlgorithm ::=3D {1 3 187 97 20}

id-ct-taAlgorithm-basic ::=3D {id-ct-taAlgorithm 1}

id-ct-taAlgorithm-partialhm256 ::=3D {id-ct-taAlgorithm 2}



precertificateTransformation EXTENSION ::=3D {

  SYNTAX PrecertificateTransformation

  IDENTIFIED BY id-ct-precertificateTransformation

}



PrecertificateTransformation ::=3D SEQUENCE {

  transformationAlgorithm TransformationAlgorithm DEFAULT id-ct-taAlgorthim=
-basic,

  transformationParms TransformationParms BIT STRING OPTIONAL,

  sanPartialCount SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF NamePartialCount OPTIONAL

}



TransformationAlgorithm ::=3D OBJECT IDENTIFIER



TransformationParms ::=3D ANY



NamePartialCount ::=3D INTEGER (-1..127) DEFAULT -1






--
Tarah M. Wheeler

Principal Security Advocate and Sr Director of Engineering - Website Securi=
ty -
Delivering Confidence for Customers and Consumers by Securing Websites and =
Applications
Symantec Corporation
www.symantec.com<http://www.symantec.com/>
________________________________
(206) 276-4920
tarah@symantec.com
________________________________
[cid:4524896B-C0DD-4A56-BA9D-E836A716603F]<http://www.symantec.com/>
________________________________

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<head>
<meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3Dus-ascii"=
>
</head>
<body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; -webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-lin=
e-break: after-white-space; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-size: 14px; font-fami=
ly: Calibri, sans-serif;">
<div>
<div>
<div>
<div>Peter Bowen and I have been collaborating on a possible solution for c=
ertificate privacy. Thoughts?</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>&#43;&#43;&#43;&#43;&#43;&#43;&#43;&#43;&#43;&#43;</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
Precertificate Transformation Extension</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
Many of the concerns around certificate privacy (the ability to privatize s=
ome certificate fields) are due to fears that multiple final certs could be=
 generated for the same precertificate. This solution uses a random key in =
the final certificate which can
 be matched against the hashed redacted information in the precertificate t=
o demonstrate that the precertificate was unique.&nbsp;<span style=3D"backg=
round-color: rgb(255, 255, 0);">The precert contains a hash of the original=
 information; without the key in the full
 certificate, the hash is not transformable, and if the key works to transf=
orm the hash (as a one way function), the pre certificate can be proven to =
have been the correct one issued for the full cert.&nbsp;This solves the di=
fficult problem of ensuring that a given
 precert is the one that was indeed issued for the full certificate.&nbsp;<=
/span></p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69); min-height: 20px;">
<br>
</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
In order to give domain registrants options for what domain name labels are=
 disclosed in precertificates, we propose a new certificate extension: Prec=
ertifcate Transformation.&nbsp; This extension is found in both the final c=
ertificate and in the precertificate.&nbsp;
 The extension specifies a transformation algorithm, genneral parameters fo=
r the algorithm, and a count of disclosed component per subject alternative=
 name.</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
There are two transformation algorithms initially defined.&nbsp; The basic =
algorithm is as described in 6962 and 6962bis.&nbsp; It has no parameters a=
nd the sanDisclosedComponents component is not used. This algorithm is the =
default.&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
The second is the partialhm256 algorithm.&nbsp; This extends the basic algo=
rithm by including transformation of the subjectAlternativeName extension.&=
nbsp; The Parms is a 128-bit value that is used as K for a HMAC (cf RFC 210=
4) that uses H =3D SHA256.&nbsp; For each entry in
 the subjectAlternativeName extension, an entry in the sanPartialComponents=
 sequence must exist.&nbsp; Matching is done by order.&nbsp; Let the disclo=
sed components count for the entry in question be N.&nbsp; If N is -1, then=
 the SAN entry is unmodified.&nbsp; If it is greater
 than or equal to zero, then the following transformations occur:</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
(1) If the GeneralName type is not dNSName or iPAddress, the result is unde=
fined and an error must be thrown</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
(2) If the GeneralName type is dNSName, then the entry is replaced with an =
otherName entry of type id-ct-partialGN-dNSName with a value created by cop=
ying the N labels closest to the root to the new name and prepending them w=
ith a value created by taking the
 remaining labels and calculating the HMAC-SHA256 value and hex encoding it=
 and prepending '#'.&nbsp; Note that a '*.' prefix on a name is not conside=
red a label; it must be copied to the output as is.</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
For example, if the input is &quot;*.beta.group.secret.demo.test&quot; with=
 key 0x4fa1cb4ce23db6e45caf727b0b1d85ed and the number of disclosed labels =
is 2, then the resulting name is &quot;*.#4d240f70beb97f4c402984e94ac6e1c83=
51c89ff13e8a94dabfbc474ded4d3d4.demo.test&quot;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
(3) If the GeneralName type is iPAddress, then the entry is replaced with a=
n otherName entry of type id-ct-partialGN-iPAddress.&nbsp; The value is a I=
A5String in the format &lt;partial&gt; &#43; &quot;|&quot; &#43; &lt;hashed=
&gt;.&nbsp;&nbsp; For the hashed part, the address first is converted to a =
text
 string.&nbsp; The format is dotted decimal, with no leading zeroes, for IP=
v4 addresses and is as described in Section 4 of RFC 5952 for IPv6 addresse=
s (section 5 is not used in this case).&nbsp; The HMAC-SHA256 value is calc=
ulated of this string as in (2) and &lt;hashed&gt;
 is the hex encoding of the result.&nbsp; Partial is formed by setting the =
bits other than N most significant bits to zero and the converting to strin=
g as described above.</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
For example, if the input is &quot;198.51.100.47&quot; with key 0x4fa1cb4ce=
23db6e45caf727b0b1d85ed and the number of disclosed labels is 27, then the =
resulting name is &quot;198.51.100.32|8e38c51f339de29c05e543a099ba764683670=
43d5bc167c801ae0330a648925d&quot;.</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
In the precertificate the transformation parameter is set to a zero length =
bit string.</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
If the subject contains a commonName type attribute and the value of the co=
mmonName attribute value matches a dNSName in the SAN and the precertificat=
e contains a partialGN otherName in place of that entry, then the commonNam=
e attribute is replaced with a id-ct-partialGN-replacedCN
 type attribute with the value being the otherName value.</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
This algorithm provides the recipient of a full certificate the ability to =
deterministically create the precertificate.&nbsp; It also ensures that the=
 precertificate can only reasonably match one full certificate.</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
id-ct-precertificateTransformation ID ::=3D {1 3 187 97 1}</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
id-ct-partialGN ID ::=3D {1 3 187 97 10}</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
id-ct-partialGN-dNSName ID ::=3D {id-ct-redactedGN 2} # type IA5String</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
id-ct-partialGN-iPAddress ID ::=3D {id-ct-redactedGN 7} # type IA5String</p=
>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
id-ct-partialGN-replacedCN ID ::=3D {id-ct-redactedGN 127} # type IA5String=
</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
id-ct-taAlgorithm ::=3D {1 3 187 97 20}</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
id-ct-taAlgorithm-basic ::=3D {id-ct-taAlgorithm 1}</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
id-ct-taAlgorithm-partialhm256 ::=3D {id-ct-taAlgorithm 2}</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
precertificateTransformation EXTENSION ::=3D {</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp; SYNTAX PrecertificateTransformation</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp; IDENTIFIED BY id-ct-precertificateTransformation</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
}</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
PrecertificateTransformation ::=3D SEQUENCE {</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp; transformationAlgorithm TransformationAlgorithm DEFAULT id-ct-taAlgo=
rthim-basic,</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp; transformationParms TransformationParms BIT STRING OPTIONAL,</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp; sanPartialCount SEQUENCE SIZE (1..MAX) OF NamePartialCount OPTIONAL<=
/p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
}</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
TransformationAlgorithm ::=3D OBJECT IDENTIFIER</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
TransformationParms ::=3D ANY</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
NamePartialCount ::=3D INTEGER (-1..127) DEFAULT -1</p>
<p style=3D"margin: 0px; font-size: 17px; line-height: normal; font-family:=
 Helvetica; color: rgb(69, 69, 69);">
&nbsp;</p>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div></div>
</div>
<div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>
<div>--&nbsp;</div>
<div>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"=
><a name=3D"OLE_LINK23"><b><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Ari=
al;">Tarah M. Wheeler</span></b></a></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"=
><a name=3D"OLE_LINK23"><b><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Ari=
al;"><br>
</span></b></a><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial;">Princip=
al Security Advocate and Sr Director of Engineering -&nbsp;</span><span sty=
le=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Website Security -&nbsp;</span>=
</p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"=
><i style=3D"font-size: 14px;"><span style=3D"font-size: 10.5pt; line-heigh=
t: 14.979999542236328px; font-family: Calibri;">Delivering Confidence for C=
ustomers and Consumers by Securing Websites
 and Applications</span></i></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><font face=3D"Ar=
ial"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt;"><b>Symantec Corporation</b><o:p></o:p=
></span></font></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"=
><b><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: windowtext;"=
><a href=3D"http://www.symantec.com/" title=3D"http://www.symantec.com/" st=
yle=3D"color: purple;">www.symantec.com</a></span></b></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"=
><b><u><span lang=3D"EN" style=3D"font-size: 10pt; font-family: Arial; colo=
r: gray;">________________________________</span></u></b></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><font face=3D"Ca=
libri,sans-serif" size=3D"3"><a name=3D"OLE_LINK41"></a></font><font face=
=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt;">(206) 276-4920</span></font><b>=
<u style=3D"font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;"><br>
</u><font face=3D"Arial"><span style=3D"font-size: 10pt;">tarah@symantec.co=
m&nbsp;</span></font></b></p>
<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"><a name=3D"OLE_L=
INK45" style=3D"font-size: 11pt;"><b><u><span lang=3D"EN" style=3D"font-siz=
e: 10pt; font-family: Arial; color: gray;">________________________________=
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<p class=3D"MsoNormal" style=3D"font-size: 11pt; margin: 0in 0in 0.0001pt;"=
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To: trans@ietf.org
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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On 3/22/17 11:31 AM, Tarah Wheeler wrote:
> Peter Bowen and I have been collaborating on a possible solution for
> certificate privacy. Thoughts?

We've allocated time on Tuesday to a discussion of redaction
and privacy-preserving logging mechanisms.  Will either you or
Peter be there to discuss this proposal?

Thanks,

Melinda



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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 22 Mar 2017 13:44:59 -0700
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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On Wed, Mar 22, 2017 at 12:50 PM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
> On 3/22/17 11:31 AM, Tarah Wheeler wrote:
>> Peter Bowen and I have been collaborating on a possible solution for
>> certificate privacy. Thoughts?
>
> We've allocated time on Tuesday to a discussion of redaction
> and privacy-preserving logging mechanisms.  Will either you or
> Peter be there to discuss this proposal?

I cannot make it to the meeting in person due to a family commitment
but can likely join remotely. We know this is after the deadline for
submittals, hence the rather quick note rather than proposed changes
to a draft.


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To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
References: <D4F8495D.4F2D%tarah_wheeler@symantec.com> <0d59f95a-1323-6c60-7a36-87a173022312@gmail.com> <CAK6vND82Jp1Mw2Qb6pHsNfhyOkv+V7HTqG3zSfYzQ7wO7Ug6qg@mail.gmail.com>
Cc: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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 <0d59f95a-1323-6c60-7a36-87a173022312@gmail.com>
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On 3/22/17 12:44 PM, Peter Bowen wrote:
> I cannot make it to the meeting in person due to a family commitment
> but can likely join remotely. We know this is after the deadline for
> submittals, hence the rather quick note rather than proposed changes
> to a draft.

Remote participation is fine - I'd just like to make
sure that we've got a handle on which proposals are
out there during the discussion.

Melinda



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From: Tarah Wheeler <Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com>
To: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
CC: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [EXT] Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [EXT] Re: Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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Thanks, Melinda--unfortunately I won't be there in person but if I'm not on=
 a plane I will be remotely participating as well.=20

Tarah Wheeler
Principal Security Advocate
Senior Director of Engineering, Website Security
Symantec
tarah@symantec.com


> On Mar 22, 2017, at 5:14 PM, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrot=
e:
>=20
>> On 3/22/17 12:44 PM, Peter Bowen wrote:
>> I cannot make it to the meeting in person due to a family commitment
>> but can likely join remotely. We know this is after the deadline for
>> submittals, hence the rather quick note rather than proposed changes
>> to a draft.
>=20
> Remote participation is fine - I'd just like to make
> sure that we've got a handle on which proposals are
> out there during the discussion.
>=20
> Melinda
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
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From: Steve Matsumoto <steve@stevematsumoto.net>
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Subject: [Trans] CT Log Costs and Incentives
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Hi everyone,

I've been thinking lately about the incentives that certificate logs
have for operating, and would like to start a discussion centered around
the costs and incentives for certificate log operators.

It seems to me that CT relies on the altruism of log operators. As far
as I know, logs don't receive any sort of compensation for operating,
and of the current known and included logs listed on the CT site [1], 4
are run by Google and 5 are run by CAs (Symantec, WoSign/StartSSL, and
CNNIC) that had some sort of security incident in the past and had to
implement CT as a result [2-4]. So besides the fact that CT will be
required in October, what incentives are there to run a certificate log?
Are there any plans to add incentives for logs to operate?

Complementary to the above question is whether or not the incentives
that log operators have outweigh the cost of running a log. I estimate
that the storage cost of the certificate entries for the largest log
(Google Pilot) is on the order of several hundred gigabytes, and that
the cost of reliability, staff, etc. is quite expensive. But if there
are any log operators who can comment more on this, that would be great.

Moreover, as far as I know, CT also relies on the altruism of log
monitors. Logs currently don't offer a way to retrieve entries by domain
name, so it's difficult for a domain to query the logs for its own
certificates (some of which may be rogue). Moreover, proving that a
certificate is not in a log requires checking the entire tree.
Therefore, CT needs monitors who periodically retrieve all newly-logged
certificates and check for suspicious certificates, and it's not
entirely clear how monitors decide whether a certificate is suspicious.
What are the incentives for these monitors?

Given that the number of logs is small and will probably be limited by
Google (partially because monitoring becomes difficult otherwise), are
there any plans to incentivize the "best" logs, i.e., those that keep
the most certificates or have the highest uptime? Is incentivizing logs
in this way something that we should do?

I'd be very interested in getting feedback from everyone, particularly
log operators and monitors, about this.

-Steve

[1] https://www.certificate-transparency.org/known-logs
[2]
https://security.googleblog.com/2015/03/maintaining-digital-certificate-security.html
[3]
https://security.googleblog.com/2015/10/sustaining-digital-certificate-security.html
[4]
https://security.googleblog.com/2016/10/distrusting-wosign-and-startcom.html


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From: Tarah Wheeler <Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com>
To: Steve Matsumoto <steve@stevematsumoto.net>, "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [EXT] [Trans] CT Log Costs and Incentives
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [EXT]  CT Log Costs and Incentives
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What are the financial incentives of the non-opaque log operators? I
mistrust altruism as regards incentive for long-term stability. Is log
operation a loss leader for orgs that provide other, more profitable
services?


--=20
Tarah M. Wheeler





On 3/23/17, 10:07 AM, "Trans on behalf of Steve Matsumoto"
<trans-bounces@ietf.org on behalf of steve@stevematsumoto.net> wrote:

>Hi everyone,
>
>I've been thinking lately about the incentives that certificate logs
>have for operating, and would like to start a discussion centered around
>the costs and incentives for certificate log operators.
>
>It seems to me that CT relies on the altruism of log operators. As far
>as I know, logs don't receive any sort of compensation for operating,
>and of the current known and included logs listed on the CT site [1], 4
>are run by Google and 5 are run by CAs (Symantec, WoSign/StartSSL, and
>CNNIC) that had some sort of security incident in the past and had to
>implement CT as a result [2-4]. So besides the fact that CT will be
>required in October, what incentives are there to run a certificate log?
>Are there any plans to add incentives for logs to operate?
>
>Complementary to the above question is whether or not the incentives
>that log operators have outweigh the cost of running a log. I estimate
>that the storage cost of the certificate entries for the largest log
>(Google Pilot) is on the order of several hundred gigabytes, and that
>the cost of reliability, staff, etc. is quite expensive. But if there
>are any log operators who can comment more on this, that would be great.
>
>Moreover, as far as I know, CT also relies on the altruism of log
>monitors. Logs currently don't offer a way to retrieve entries by domain
>name, so it's difficult for a domain to query the logs for its own
>certificates (some of which may be rogue). Moreover, proving that a
>certificate is not in a log requires checking the entire tree.
>Therefore, CT needs monitors who periodically retrieve all newly-logged
>certificates and check for suspicious certificates, and it's not
>entirely clear how monitors decide whether a certificate is suspicious.
>What are the incentives for these monitors?
>
>Given that the number of logs is small and will probably be limited by
>Google (partially because monitoring becomes difficult otherwise), are
>there any plans to incentivize the "best" logs, i.e., those that keep
>the most certificates or have the highest uptime? Is incentivizing logs
>in this way something that we should do?
>
>I'd be very interested in getting feedback from everyone, particularly
>log operators and monitors, about this.
>
>-Steve
>
>[1]=20
>https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/59oePpKbG62hyNDvpJjPTDfulpqyjTGck38AfdP
>V-S4=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9IvfgPMVtpK-=
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>p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.certificate-transpa=
re
>ncy.org%2Fknown-logs
>[2]
>https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/mw81gxILG0yv90ZXFS1qixOhC68j21cVWOlygtZ
>HNc8=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9IvfgPMVtpK-=
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%2
>F2015%2F03%2Fmaintaining-digital-certificate-security.html
>[3]
>https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/L7ETjKNjE6aJIg2kJxMA-ySmW4-RcYG3BFCECcQ
>T--k=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9IvfgPMVtpK-=
UKNt
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>p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsecurity.googleblog.com=
%2
>F2015%2F10%2Fsustaining-digital-certificate-security.html
>[4]
>https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/TgVn9TlunMWDKiq9pWSvDsi2V-ip6xtqx8yPiWe
>0ZuM=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9IvfgPMVtpK-=
UKNt
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>p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsecurity.googleblog.com=
%2
>F2016%2F10%2Fdistrusting-wosign-and-startcom.html
>
>_______________________________________________
>Trans mailing list
>Trans@ietf.org
>https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans


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To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Subject: [Trans] Slides!
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From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
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Subject: Slides!

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If you've got a spot on the trans agenda and will be using
slides, please get those to me for uploading.  You can update
them later to add or change material but getting them uploaded
now will be a big help to meeting participants.

Many thanks,

Melinda


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Archived-At: <https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/pYvs704oNh8UeOf1uxTT2fBHI8Q>
Subject: Re: [Trans] [EXT]  CT Log Costs and Incentives
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While there might or might not be a direct financial incentive for log =
operation, there are stakeholders in the CT ecosystem with very =
compelling indirect incentives.

As Chrome has demonstrated, User Agents have the strongest incentive. =
They represent their users=E2=80=99 interest in a secure browsing =
experience, and detecting and responding to mis-issuances within the =
WebPKI solidifies that promise to their users. In most, but not all =
cases, User Agents tend to also have the financial and infrastructural =
resources in place to operate a high assurance log. Similarly, entities =
like certain government agencies could also step up in this area since =
they operate on a similar mandate.

To a lesser extent, large PKIs have an incentive to run logs as well. =
Given certificate logging requirements, it makes sense that a massive =
PKI would rather deploy and depend upon their own CT log rather than =
depend on what=E2=80=99s turned out to be a more tumultuous log =
ecosystem than expected. As Steve pointed out, relying on the altruism =
of a log operator can be a hard business case to make.

Beyond either of these two cases, log operators can charge back =
infrastructure costs to CAs submitting to the log. These can be =
volume-based fees designed to allow scalability or allow for periodic =
renegotiation. Personally, I like this model the least since it offers =
the weakest commitment to CAs and UAs for continued operation.

As has been discussed on a few occasions over the past few years, many =
players in the CT ecosystem don=E2=80=99t see the need for more than =
10-20 logs to exist in total. This threshold can feasibly be met by the =
above cases without requiring logs to operate as a token of goodwill.

- Devon

> On Mar 23, 2017, at 09:57, Tarah Wheeler <Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com> =
wrote:
>=20
> What are the financial incentives of the non-opaque log operators? I
> mistrust altruism as regards incentive for long-term stability. Is log
> operation a loss leader for orgs that provide other, more profitable
> services?
>=20
>=20
> --=20
> Tarah M. Wheeler
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> On 3/23/17, 10:07 AM, "Trans on behalf of Steve Matsumoto"
> <trans-bounces@ietf.org <mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org> on behalf of =
steve@stevematsumoto.net <mailto:steve@stevematsumoto.net>> wrote:
>=20
>> Hi everyone,
>>=20
>> I've been thinking lately about the incentives that certificate logs
>> have for operating, and would like to start a discussion centered =
around
>> the costs and incentives for certificate log operators.
>>=20
>> It seems to me that CT relies on the altruism of log operators. As =
far
>> as I know, logs don't receive any sort of compensation for operating,
>> and of the current known and included logs listed on the CT site [1], =
4
>> are run by Google and 5 are run by CAs (Symantec, WoSign/StartSSL, =
and
>> CNNIC) that had some sort of security incident in the past and had to
>> implement CT as a result [2-4]. So besides the fact that CT will be
>> required in October, what incentives are there to run a certificate =
log?
>> Are there any plans to add incentives for logs to operate?
>>=20
>> Complementary to the above question is whether or not the incentives
>> that log operators have outweigh the cost of running a log. I =
estimate
>> that the storage cost of the certificate entries for the largest log
>> (Google Pilot) is on the order of several hundred gigabytes, and that
>> the cost of reliability, staff, etc. is quite expensive. But if there
>> are any log operators who can comment more on this, that would be =
great.
>>=20
>> Moreover, as far as I know, CT also relies on the altruism of log
>> monitors. Logs currently don't offer a way to retrieve entries by =
domain
>> name, so it's difficult for a domain to query the logs for its own
>> certificates (some of which may be rogue). Moreover, proving that a
>> certificate is not in a log requires checking the entire tree.
>> Therefore, CT needs monitors who periodically retrieve all =
newly-logged
>> certificates and check for suspicious certificates, and it's not
>> entirely clear how monitors decide whether a certificate is =
suspicious.
>> What are the incentives for these monitors?
>>=20
>> Given that the number of logs is small and will probably be limited =
by
>> Google (partially because monitoring becomes difficult otherwise), =
are
>> there any plans to incentivize the "best" logs, i.e., those that keep
>> the most certificates or have the highest uptime? Is incentivizing =
logs
>> in this way something that we should do?
>>=20
>> I'd be very interested in getting feedback from everyone, =
particularly
>> log operators and monitors, about this.
>>=20
>> -Steve
>>=20
>> [1]=20
>> =
https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/59oePpKbG62hyNDvpJjPTDfulpqyjTGck38AfdP=
 =
<https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/59oePpKbG62hyNDvpJjPTDfulpqyjTGck38Afd=
P>
>> =
V-S4=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9IvfgPMVtpK-=
UKNt
>> =
Ayuo_LQxDM_vZcwOM-XKD68Mr1VKghAGdrKdDLhRDyqeE7Wdv2QMaqfZLzptPpJ5xLjGfHLMj6=

>> =
LmTMLEt2KSnv0aACLYGg6CTfkhgYCRANSHKsKfy_yaf0IyK7qidqN_oYO6CYyEai3x8ytUDPBy=

>> =
dnl9HmlLO86sl5AUXAs_XfYG3reUGYOKzzL_jKBkUV25kTgwNnvNsKsgBwHRo5MqM5ZYk3EqhP=

>> =
XTOgwbFp9icvYN76ahOcI0UmsGJVELJpI2A3CIsZ-In3uc-QQVfU92AOSlCf9RtcflWCpFBjX8=

>> =
p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.certificate-transpa=
re
>> ncy.org <http://ncy.org/>%2Fknown-logs
>> [2]
>> =
https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/mw81gxILG0yv90ZXFS1qixOhC68j21cVWOlygtZ=
 =
<https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/mw81gxILG0yv90ZXFS1qixOhC68j21cVWOlygt=
Z>
>> =
HNc8=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9IvfgPMVtpK-=
UKNt
>> =
Ayuo_LQxDM_vZcwOM-XKD68Mr1VKghAGdrKdDLhRDyqeE7Wdv2QMaqfZLzptPpJ5xLjGfHLMj6=

>> =
LmTMLEt2KSnv0aACLYGg6CTfkhgYCRANSHKsKfy_yaf0IyK7qidqN_oYO6CYyEai3x8ytUDPBy=

>> =
dnl9HmlLO86sl5AUXAs_XfYG3reUGYOKzzL_jKBkUV25kTgwNnvNsKsgBwHRo5MqM5ZYk3EqhP=

>> =
XTOgwbFp9icvYN76ahOcI0UmsGJVELJpI2A3CIsZ-In3uc-QQVfU92AOSlCf9RtcflWCpFBjX8=

>> =
p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsecurity.googleblog.com=
 <http://2fsecurity.googleblog.com/>%2
>> F2015%2F03%2Fmaintaining-digital-certificate-security.html
>> [3]
>> =
https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/L7ETjKNjE6aJIg2kJxMA-ySmW4-RcYG3BFCECcQ=
 =
<https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/L7ETjKNjE6aJIg2kJxMA-ySmW4-RcYG3BFCECc=
Q>
>> =
T--k=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9IvfgPMVtpK-=
UKNt
>> =
Ayuo_LQxDM_vZcwOM-XKD68Mr1VKghAGdrKdDLhRDyqeE7Wdv2QMaqfZLzptPpJ5xLjGfHLMj6=

>> =
LmTMLEt2KSnv0aACLYGg6CTfkhgYCRANSHKsKfy_yaf0IyK7qidqN_oYO6CYyEai3x8ytUDPBy=

>> =
dnl9HmlLO86sl5AUXAs_XfYG3reUGYOKzzL_jKBkUV25kTgwNnvNsKsgBwHRo5MqM5ZYk3EqhP=

>> =
XTOgwbFp9icvYN76ahOcI0UmsGJVELJpI2A3CIsZ-In3uc-QQVfU92AOSlCf9RtcflWCpFBjX8=

>> =
p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsecurity.googleblog.com=
 <http://2fsecurity.googleblog.com/>%2
>> F2015%2F10%2Fsustaining-digital-certificate-security.html
>> [4]
>> =
https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/TgVn9TlunMWDKiq9pWSvDsi2V-ip6xtqx8yPiWe=
 =
<https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/TgVn9TlunMWDKiq9pWSvDsi2V-ip6xtqx8yPiW=
e>
>> =
0ZuM=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9IvfgPMVtpK-=
UKNt
>> =
Ayuo_LQxDM_vZcwOM-XKD68Mr1VKghAGdrKdDLhRDyqeE7Wdv2QMaqfZLzptPpJ5xLjGfHLMj6=

>> =
LmTMLEt2KSnv0aACLYGg6CTfkhgYCRANSHKsKfy_yaf0IyK7qidqN_oYO6CYyEai3x8ytUDPBy=

>> =
dnl9HmlLO86sl5AUXAs_XfYG3reUGYOKzzL_jKBkUV25kTgwNnvNsKsgBwHRo5MqM5ZYk3EqhP=

>> =
XTOgwbFp9icvYN76ahOcI0UmsGJVELJpI2A3CIsZ-In3uc-QQVfU92AOSlCf9RtcflWCpFBjX8=

>> =
p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fsecurity.googleblog.com=
 <http://2fsecurity.googleblog.com/>%2
>> F2016%2F10%2Fdistrusting-wosign-and-startcom.html
>>=20
>> _______________________________________________
>> Trans mailing list
>> Trans@ietf.org <mailto:Trans@ietf.org>
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans =
<https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans>
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org <mailto:Trans@ietf.org>
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans =
<https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans>

--Boundary_(ID_phaH/owmZA+Fqzde7QOuCw)
Content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable

<html><head><meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html =
charset=3Dutf-8"></head><body style=3D"word-wrap: break-word; =
-webkit-nbsp-mode: space; -webkit-line-break: after-white-space;" =
class=3D"">While there might or might not be a direct financial =
incentive for log operation, there are stakeholders in the CT ecosystem =
with very compelling indirect incentives.<div class=3D""><br =
class=3D""></div><div class=3D"">As Chrome has demonstrated, User Agents =
have the strongest incentive. They represent their users=E2=80=99 =
interest in a secure browsing experience, and detecting and responding =
to mis-issuances within the WebPKI solidifies that promise to their =
users. In most, but not all cases, User Agents tend to also have the =
financial and infrastructural resources in place to operate a high =
assurance log. Similarly, entities like certain government agencies =
could also step up in this area since they operate on a similar =
mandate.</div><div class=3D""><br class=3D""></div><div class=3D"">To a =
lesser extent, large PKIs have an incentive to run logs as well. Given =
certificate logging requirements, it makes sense that a massive PKI =
would rather deploy and depend upon their own CT log rather than depend =
on what=E2=80=99s turned out to be a more tumultuous log ecosystem than =
expected. As Steve pointed out, relying on the altruism of a log =
operator can be a hard business case to make.</div><div class=3D""><br =
class=3D""></div><div class=3D"">Beyond either of these two cases, log =
operators can charge back infrastructure costs to CAs submitting to the =
log. These can be volume-based fees designed to allow scalability or =
allow for periodic renegotiation. Personally, I like this model the =
least since it offers the weakest commitment to CAs and UAs for =
continued operation.</div><div class=3D""><br class=3D""></div><div =
class=3D"">As has been discussed on a few occasions over the past few =
years, many players in the CT ecosystem don=E2=80=99t see the need for =
more than 10-20 logs to exist in total. This threshold can feasibly be =
met by the above cases without requiring logs to operate as a token of =
goodwill.</div><div class=3D""><br class=3D""></div><div class=3D"">- =
Devon</div><div class=3D"">
<br class=3D""><div><blockquote type=3D"cite" class=3D""><div =
class=3D"">On Mar 23, 2017, at 09:57, Tarah Wheeler &lt;<a =
href=3D"mailto:Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com" =
class=3D"">Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com</a>&gt; wrote:</div><br =
class=3D"Apple-interchange-newline"><div class=3D""><span =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; =
display: inline !important;" class=3D"">What are the financial =
incentives of the non-opaque log operators? I</span><br =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" =
class=3D""><span style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; =
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline =
!important;" class=3D"">mistrust altruism as regards incentive for =
long-term stability. Is log</span><br style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; =
font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; =
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><span =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; =
display: inline !important;" class=3D"">operation a loss leader for orgs =
that provide other, more profitable</span><br style=3D"font-family: =
Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><span =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; =
display: inline !important;" class=3D"">services?</span><br =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><br=
 style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><br=
 style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" =
class=3D""><span style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; =
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline =
!important;" class=3D"">--<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><br =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" =
class=3D""><span style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; =
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline =
!important;" class=3D"">Tarah M. Wheeler</span><br style=3D"font-family: =
Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><br =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><br=
 style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><br=
 style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><br=
 style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><br=
 style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" =
class=3D""><span style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; =
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: inline =
!important;" class=3D"">On 3/23/17, 10:07 AM, "Trans on behalf of Steve =
Matsumoto"</span><br style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; =
font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; =
letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; =
text-transform: none; white-space: normal; word-spacing: 0px; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><span style=3D"font-family: =
Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: =
inline !important;" class=3D"">&lt;</span><a =
href=3D"mailto:trans-bounces@ietf.org" style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; =
font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; =
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: =
start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" =
class=3D"">trans-bounces@ietf.org</a><span style=3D"font-family: =
Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: =
inline !important;" class=3D""><span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span>on behalf of<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span></span><a =
href=3D"mailto:steve@stevematsumoto.net" style=3D"font-family: =
Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" =
class=3D"">steve@stevematsumoto.net</a><span style=3D"font-family: =
Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: none; display: =
inline !important;" class=3D"">&gt; wrote:</span><br style=3D"font-family:=
 Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: =
normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-align: start; =
text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D""><br =
style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; =
font-variant-caps: normal; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; =
text-align: start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: =
normal; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" =
class=3D""><blockquote type=3D"cite" style=3D"font-family: Helvetica; =
font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; =
font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: auto; text-align: =
start; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; =
widows: auto; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-size-adjust: auto; =
-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;" class=3D"">Hi everyone,<br class=3D""><br=
 class=3D"">I've been thinking lately about the incentives that =
certificate logs<br class=3D"">have for operating, and would like to =
start a discussion centered around<br class=3D"">the costs and =
incentives for certificate log operators.<br class=3D""><br class=3D"">It =
seems to me that CT relies on the altruism of log operators. As far<br =
class=3D"">as I know, logs don't receive any sort of compensation for =
operating,<br class=3D"">and of the current known and included logs =
listed on the CT site [1], 4<br class=3D"">are run by Google and 5 are =
run by CAs (Symantec, WoSign/StartSSL, and<br class=3D"">CNNIC) that had =
some sort of security incident in the past and had to<br =
class=3D"">implement CT as a result [2-4]. So besides the fact that CT =
will be<br class=3D"">required in October, what incentives are there to =
run a certificate log?<br class=3D"">Are there any plans to add =
incentives for logs to operate?<br class=3D""><br class=3D"">Complementary=
 to the above question is whether or not the incentives<br class=3D"">that=
 log operators have outweigh the cost of running a log. I estimate<br =
class=3D"">that the storage cost of the certificate entries for the =
largest log<br class=3D"">(Google Pilot) is on the order of several =
hundred gigabytes, and that<br class=3D"">the cost of reliability, =
staff, etc. is quite expensive. But if there<br class=3D"">are any log =
operators who can comment more on this, that would be great.<br =
class=3D""><br class=3D"">Moreover, as far as I know, CT also relies on =
the altruism of log<br class=3D"">monitors. Logs currently don't offer a =
way to retrieve entries by domain<br class=3D"">name, so it's difficult =
for a domain to query the logs for its own<br class=3D"">certificates =
(some of which may be rogue). Moreover, proving that a<br =
class=3D"">certificate is not in a log requires checking the entire =
tree.<br class=3D"">Therefore, CT needs monitors who periodically =
retrieve all newly-logged<br class=3D"">certificates and check for =
suspicious certificates, and it's not<br class=3D"">entirely clear how =
monitors decide whether a certificate is suspicious.<br class=3D"">What =
are the incentives for these monitors?<br class=3D""><br class=3D"">Given =
that the number of logs is small and will probably be limited by<br =
class=3D"">Google (partially because monitoring becomes difficult =
otherwise), are<br class=3D"">there any plans to incentivize the "best" =
logs, i.e., those that keep<br class=3D"">the most certificates or have =
the highest uptime? Is incentivizing logs<br class=3D"">in this way =
something that we should do?<br class=3D""><br class=3D"">I'd be very =
interested in getting feedback from everyone, particularly<br =
class=3D"">log operators and monitors, about this.<br class=3D""><br =
class=3D"">-Steve<br class=3D""><br class=3D"">[1]<span =
class=3D"Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><br class=3D""><a =
href=3D"https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/59oePpKbG62hyNDvpJjPTDfulpqyjTG=
ck38AfdP" =
class=3D"">https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/59oePpKbG62hyNDvpJjPTDfulpqy=
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class=3D"">V-S4=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9=
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class=3D"">p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&amp;u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.cert=
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class=3D"">ncy.org</a>%2Fknown-logs<br class=3D"">[2]<br class=3D""><a =
href=3D"https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/mw81gxILG0yv90ZXFS1qixOhC68j21c=
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class=3D"">p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&amp;u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%<a =
href=3D"http://2fsecurity.googleblog.com/" =
class=3D"">2Fsecurity.googleblog.com</a>%2<br =
class=3D"">F2015%2F03%2Fmaintaining-digital-certificate-security.html<br =
class=3D"">[3]<br class=3D""><a =
href=3D"https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/L7ETjKNjE6aJIg2kJxMA-ySmW4-RcYG=
3BFCECcQ" =
class=3D"">https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/L7ETjKNjE6aJIg2kJxMA-ySmW4-R=
cYG3BFCECcQ</a><br =
class=3D"">T--k=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9=
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class=3D"">p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&amp;u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%<a =
href=3D"http://2fsecurity.googleblog.com/" =
class=3D"">2Fsecurity.googleblog.com</a>%2<br =
class=3D"">F2015%2F10%2Fsustaining-digital-certificate-security.html<br =
class=3D"">[4]<br class=3D""><a =
href=3D"https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/TgVn9TlunMWDKiq9pWSvDsi2V-ip6xt=
qx8yPiWe" =
class=3D"">https://clicktime.symantec.com/a/1/TgVn9TlunMWDKiq9pWSvDsi2V-ip=
6xtqx8yPiWe</a><br =
class=3D"">0ZuM=3D?d=3DCAG1JfK0a4CVoHF5eYIXWtRfPfhblXEujp476xHAieYvJKc-xm9=
IvfgPMVtpK-UKNt<br =
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class=3D"">LmTMLEt2KSnv0aACLYGg6CTfkhgYCRANSHKsKfy_yaf0IyK7qidqN_oYO6CYyEa=
i3x8ytUDPBy<br =
class=3D"">dnl9HmlLO86sl5AUXAs_XfYG3reUGYOKzzL_jKBkUV25kTgwNnvNsKsgBwHRo5M=
qM5ZYk3EqhP<br =
class=3D"">XTOgwbFp9icvYN76ahOcI0UmsGJVELJpI2A3CIsZ-In3uc-QQVfU92AOSlCf9Rt=
cflWCpFBjX8<br =
class=3D"">p_VgXXyvCywwg9cmXjr_8YzTRM6Tc%3D&amp;u=3Dhttps%3A%2F%<a =
href=3D"http://2fsecurity.googleblog.com/" =
class=3D"">2Fsecurity.googleblog.com</a>%2<br =
class=3D"">F2016%2F10%2Fdistrusting-wosign-and-startcom.html<br =
class=3D""><br =
class=3D"">_______________________________________________<br =
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From: Saba Eskandarian <sabae@stanford.edu>
To: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion
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Date: Sat, 25 Mar 2017 22:39:16 +0000
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Subject: [Trans] Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion
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Hello,

I'm on the agenda for Tuesday's meeting to share a privacy-preserving proof=
 of sct exclusion from a log (I think Eran alluded to this work in a messag=
e a while ago).

My posted slides will not include many words, so I wanted to share a link t=
o the preprint of our academic paper on the subject in case anyone wants to=
 read the details there. The paper is targeted at a somewhat different audi=
ence, but it can be found here: https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02209

Thanks and looking forward to meeting you all next week!

~saba

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color: white ">
Hello,</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D" text-align: left; margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom=
: 25px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; color: black; background-=
color: white ">
I'm on the agenda for Tuesday's meeting to share a privacy-preserving proof=
 of sct exclusion from a log (I think Eran alluded to this work in a messag=
e a while ago).
</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D" text-align: left; margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom=
: 25px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; color: black; background-=
color: white ">
My posted slides will not include many words, so I wanted to share a link t=
o the preprint of our academic paper on the subject in case anyone wants to=
 read the details there. The paper is targeted at a somewhat different audi=
ence, but it can be found here:
 https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02209</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D" text-align: left; margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom=
: 25px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; color: black; background-=
color: white ">
Thanks and looking forward to meeting you all next week!</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D" text-align: left; margin-top: 25px; margin-bottom=
: 25px; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; color: black; background-=
color: white ">
~saba<br>
</p>
</body>
</html>

--_000_MWHPR02MB2861B9B66FE5AE28613ECFB5C3310MWHPR02MB2861namp_--


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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Sun, 26 Mar 2017 17:46:21 +0100
Message-ID: <CABrd9SQDDBmmaOFn5Nk24qe-WyPYJGx02-PrYNPzr+oqd1braQ@mail.gmail.com>
To: Saba Eskandarian <sabae@stanford.edu>
Cc: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion
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On 25 March 2017 at 22:39, Saba Eskandarian <sabae@stanford.edu> wrote:

> Hello,
>
> I'm on the agenda for Tuesday's meeting to share a privacy-preserving
> proof of sct exclusion from a log (I think Eran alluded to this work in a
> message a while ago).
>
> My posted slides will not include many words, so I wanted to share a link
> to the preprint of our academic paper on the subject in case anyone wants
> to read the details there. The paper is targeted at a somewhat different
> audience, but it can be found here: https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02209
>
> Thanks and looking forward to meeting you all next week!
>

Cool, but I immediately see a problem - you require logs to be in timestamp
order, but they aren't. I can't immediately think of a way to get that
property without also considerably increasing time to inclusion in the log.

That seems undesirable - in fact, we're trying to go the other way, i.e.
reduce time to inclusion, in general.

Also, engineering reality doesn't change, so increasing time to inclusion
is also likely to increase MMD.

Secondly, its interesting, but doesn't seem particularly useful: when an
SCT corresponds to a cert that has not been included, you want to reveal
the cert, not hide it. What you want to hide is who is revealing it.

~saba
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>
>

--f403043c51d07b5566054ba4f776
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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 25 March 2017 at 22:39, Saba Eskandarian <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:sabae@stanford.edu" target=3D"_blank">sabae@stanford.edu</a>&g=
t;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0=
 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">



<div>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
Hello,</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
I&#39;m on the agenda for Tuesday&#39;s meeting to share a privacy-preservi=
ng proof of sct exclusion from a log (I think Eran alluded to this work in =
a message a while ago).
</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
My posted slides will not include many words, so I wanted to share a link t=
o the preprint of our academic paper on the subject in case anyone wants to=
 read the details there. The paper is targeted at a somewhat different audi=
ence, but it can be found here:
 <a href=3D"https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02209" target=3D"_blank">https://arx=
iv.org/abs/1703.<wbr>02209</a></p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
Thanks and looking forward to meeting you all next week!</p></div></blockqu=
ote><div><br></div><div>Cool, but I immediately see a problem - you require=
 logs to be in timestamp order, but they aren&#39;t. I can&#39;t immediatel=
y think of a way to get that property without also considerably increasing =
time to inclusion in the log.</div><div><br></div><div>That seems undesirab=
le - in fact, we&#39;re trying to go the other way, i.e. reduce time to inc=
lusion, in general.</div><div><br></div><div>Also, engineering reality does=
n&#39;t change, so increasing time to inclusion is also likely to increase =
MMD.</div><div><br></div><div>Secondly, its interesting, but doesn&#39;t se=
em particularly useful: when an SCT corresponds to a cert that has not been=
 included, you want to reveal the cert, not hide it. What you want to hide =
is who is revealing it.</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quot=
e" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">=
<div><span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888">
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
~saba<br>
</p>
</font></span></div>

<br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/<wbr>listinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--f403043c51d07b5566054ba4f776--


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From: Saba Eskandarian <sabae@stanford.edu>
To: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
CC: "trans@ietf.org" <trans@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [Trans] Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion
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Thanks for the prompt feedback! I'll make sure to address these comments in=
 my talk, and I'm looking forward to discussing design options in person. I=
 suspect that the flexibility of the tools and techniques we use as well as=
 the associated engineering and privacy tradeoffs will make for an interest=
ing discussion.


Thanks,

~saba

________________________________
From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Sent: Sunday, March 26, 2017 9:46:21 AM
To: Saba Eskandarian
Cc: trans@ietf.org
Subject: Re: [Trans] Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion



On 25 March 2017 at 22:39, Saba Eskandarian <sabae@stanford.edu<mailto:saba=
e@stanford.edu>> wrote:

Hello,

I'm on the agenda for Tuesday's meeting to share a privacy-preserving proof=
 of sct exclusion from a log (I think Eran alluded to this work in a messag=
e a while ago).

My posted slides will not include many words, so I wanted to share a link t=
o the preprint of our academic paper on the subject in case anyone wants to=
 read the details there. The paper is targeted at a somewhat different audi=
ence, but it can be found here: https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02209

Thanks and looking forward to meeting you all next week!

Cool, but I immediately see a problem - you require logs to be in timestamp=
 order, but they aren't. I can't immediately think of a way to get that pro=
perty without also considerably increasing time to inclusion in the log.

That seems undesirable - in fact, we're trying to go the other way, i.e. re=
duce time to inclusion, in general.

Also, engineering reality doesn't change, so increasing time to inclusion i=
s also likely to increase MMD.

Secondly, its interesting, but doesn't seem particularly useful: when an SC=
T corresponds to a cert that has not been included, you want to reveal the =
cert, not hide it. What you want to hide is who is revealing it.


~saba

_______________________________________________
Trans mailing list
Trans@ietf.org<mailto:Trans@ietf.org>
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans



--_000_MWHPR02MB28614CE50312B5F12ABEB91EC3330MWHPR02MB2861namp_
Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1"
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv=3D"Content-Type" content=3D"text/html; charset=3Diso-8859-=
1">
<style type=3D"text/css" style=3D"display:none;"><!-- P {margin-top:0;margi=
n-bottom:0;} --></style>
</head>
<body dir=3D"ltr">
<div id=3D"divtagdefaultwrapper" style=3D"font-size:12pt;color:#000000;font=
-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;" dir=3D"ltr">
<div id=3D"divtagdefaultwrapper" dir=3D"ltr" style=3D"font-size:12pt; color=
:#000000; font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif">
<p>Thanks for the prompt&nbsp;feedback!&nbsp;<span style=3D"font-size:12pt"=
>I'll make sure to address these comments in my talk, and I'm looking forwa=
rd to discussing design options in person. I suspect that the flexibility o=
f the&nbsp;tools and techniques we use as well as
 the&nbsp;associated engineering and privacy tradeoffs&nbsp;will make for a=
n interesting discussion.</span></p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p>Thanks,</p>
<p>~saba</p>
</div>
<hr tabindex=3D"-1" style=3D"display:inline-block; width:98%">
<div id=3D"divRplyFwdMsg" dir=3D"ltr"><font face=3D"Calibri, sans-serif" co=
lor=3D"#000000" style=3D"font-size:11pt"><b>From:</b> Ben Laurie &lt;benl@g=
oogle.com&gt;<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, March 26, 2017 9:46:21 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Saba Eskandarian<br>
<b>Cc:</b> trans@ietf.org<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Trans] Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion</font=
>
<div>&nbsp;</div>
</div>
<div>
<div dir=3D"ltr"><br>
<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br>
<div class=3D"gmail_quote">On 25 March 2017 at 22:39, Saba Eskandarian <spa=
n dir=3D"ltr">
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:sabae@stanford.edu" target=3D"_blank">sabae@stanford.=
edu</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left:1=
px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left; margin-top:25px; margin-bottom:25=
px; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:11pt; color:black; background-color:w=
hite">
Hello,</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left; margin-top:25px; margin-bottom:25=
px; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:11pt; color:black; background-color:w=
hite">
I'm on the agenda for Tuesday's meeting to share a privacy-preserving proof=
 of sct exclusion from a log (I think Eran alluded to this work in a messag=
e a while ago).
</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left; margin-top:25px; margin-bottom:25=
px; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:11pt; color:black; background-color:w=
hite">
My posted slides will not include many words, so I wanted to share a link t=
o the preprint of our academic paper on the subject in case anyone wants to=
 read the details there. The paper is targeted at a somewhat different audi=
ence, but it can be found here:
<a href=3D"https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02209" target=3D"_blank">https://arxi=
v.org/abs/1703.<wbr>02209</a></p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left; margin-top:25px; margin-bottom:25=
px; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:11pt; color:black; background-color:w=
hite">
Thanks and looking forward to meeting you all next week!</p>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Cool, but I immediately see a problem - you require logs to be in time=
stamp order, but they aren't. I can't immediately think of a way to get tha=
t property without also considerably increasing time to inclusion in the lo=
g.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>That seems undesirable - in fact, we're trying to go the other way, i.=
e. reduce time to inclusion, in general.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Also, engineering reality doesn't change, so increasing time to inclus=
ion is also likely to increase MMD.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Secondly, its interesting, but doesn't seem particularly useful: when =
an SCT corresponds to a cert that has not been included, you want to reveal=
 the cert, not hide it. What you want to hide is who is revealing it.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex; border-left:1=
px #ccc solid; padding-left:1ex">
<div><span class=3D"HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888">
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left; margin-top:25px; margin-bottom:25=
px; font-family:sans-serif; font-size:11pt; color:black; background-color:w=
hite">
~saba<br>
</p>
</font></span></div>
<br>
______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/<wbr>listinfo/trans</a><br>
<br>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>

--_000_MWHPR02MB28614CE50312B5F12ABEB91EC3330MWHPR02MB2861namp_--


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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Mon, 27 Mar 2017 10:48:11 +0100
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--94eb2c191e48d41a45054bb33db6
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8

On 27 March 2017 at 05:16, Saba Eskandarian <sabae@stanford.edu> wrote:

> Thanks for the prompt feedback! I'll make sure to address these comments
> in my talk, and I'm looking forward to discussing design options in person.
> I suspect that the flexibility of the tools and techniques we use as well
> as the associated engineering and privacy tradeoffs will make for an
> interesting discussion.
>

Afraid I won't be there, but looking forward to hearing more.


>
> Thanks,
>
> ~saba
> ------------------------------
> *From:* Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
> *Sent:* Sunday, March 26, 2017 9:46:21 AM
> *To:* Saba Eskandarian
> *Cc:* trans@ietf.org
> *Subject:* Re: [Trans] Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion
>
>
>
> On 25 March 2017 at 22:39, Saba Eskandarian <sabae@stanford.edu> wrote:
>
>> Hello,
>>
>> I'm on the agenda for Tuesday's meeting to share a privacy-preserving
>> proof of sct exclusion from a log (I think Eran alluded to this work in a
>> message a while ago).
>>
>> My posted slides will not include many words, so I wanted to share a link
>> to the preprint of our academic paper on the subject in case anyone wants
>> to read the details there. The paper is targeted at a somewhat different
>> audience, but it can be found here: https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02209
>>
>> Thanks and looking forward to meeting you all next week!
>>
>
> Cool, but I immediately see a problem - you require logs to be in
> timestamp order, but they aren't. I can't immediately think of a way to get
> that property without also considerably increasing time to inclusion in the
> log.
>
> That seems undesirable - in fact, we're trying to go the other way, i.e.
> reduce time to inclusion, in general.
>
> Also, engineering reality doesn't change, so increasing time to inclusion
> is also likely to increase MMD.
>
> Secondly, its interesting, but doesn't seem particularly useful: when an
> SCT corresponds to a cert that has not been included, you want to reveal
> the cert, not hide it. What you want to hide is who is revealing it.
>
> ~saba
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Trans mailing list
>> Trans@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>>
>>
>

--94eb2c191e48d41a45054bb33db6
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable

<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 27 March 2017 at 05:16, Saba Eskandarian <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:sabae@stanford.edu" target=3D"_blank">sabae@stanford.edu</a>&g=
t;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0=
 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">




<div dir=3D"ltr">
<div id=3D"m_-3819080993099951714divtagdefaultwrapper" style=3D"font-size:1=
2pt;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif" dir=3D"lt=
r">
<div id=3D"m_-3819080993099951714divtagdefaultwrapper" dir=3D"ltr" style=3D=
"font-size:12pt;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-seri=
f">
<p>Thanks for the prompt=C2=A0feedback!=C2=A0<span style=3D"font-size:12pt"=
>I&#39;ll make sure to address these comments in my talk, and I&#39;m looki=
ng forward to discussing design options in person. I suspect that the flexi=
bility of the=C2=A0tools and techniques we use as well as
 the=C2=A0associated engineering and privacy tradeoffs=C2=A0will make for a=
n interesting discussion.</span></p></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br=
></div><div>Afraid I won&#39;t be there, but looking forward to hearing mor=
e.</div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:=
0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><d=
iv id=3D"m_-3819080993099951714divtagdefaultwrapper" style=3D"font-size:12p=
t;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif" dir=3D"ltr"=
><div id=3D"m_-3819080993099951714divtagdefaultwrapper" dir=3D"ltr" style=
=3D"font-size:12pt;color:#000000;font-family:Calibri,Arial,Helvetica,sans-s=
erif">
<p><br>
</p>
<p>Thanks,</p>
<p>~saba</p>
</div>
<hr style=3D"display:inline-block;width:98%">
<div id=3D"m_-3819080993099951714divRplyFwdMsg" dir=3D"ltr"><font face=3D"C=
alibri, sans-serif" color=3D"#000000" style=3D"font-size:11pt"><b>From:</b>=
 Ben Laurie &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:benl@google.com" target=3D"_blank">benl@g=
oogle.com</a>&gt;<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Sunday, March 26, 2017 9:46:21 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> Saba Eskandarian<br>
<b>Cc:</b> <a href=3D"mailto:trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">trans@ietf.o=
rg</a><br>
<b>Subject:</b> Re: [Trans] Privacy-preserving proof of sct exclusion</font=
>
<div>=C2=A0</div>
</div><div><div class=3D"h5">
<div>
<div dir=3D"ltr"><br>
<div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br>
<div class=3D"gmail_quote">On 25 March 2017 at 22:39, Saba Eskandarian <spa=
n dir=3D"ltr">
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:sabae@stanford.edu" target=3D"_blank">sabae@stanford.=
edu</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
Hello,</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
I&#39;m on the agenda for Tuesday&#39;s meeting to share a privacy-preservi=
ng proof of sct exclusion from a log (I think Eran alluded to this work in =
a message a while ago).
</p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
My posted slides will not include many words, so I wanted to share a link t=
o the preprint of our academic paper on the subject in case anyone wants to=
 read the details there. The paper is targeted at a somewhat different audi=
ence, but it can be found here:
<a href=3D"https://arxiv.org/abs/1703.02209" target=3D"_blank">https://arxi=
v.org/abs/1703.022<wbr>09</a></p>
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
Thanks and looking forward to meeting you all next week!</p>
</div>
</blockquote>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Cool, but I immediately see a problem - you require logs to be in time=
stamp order, but they aren&#39;t. I can&#39;t immediately think of a way to=
 get that property without also considerably increasing time to inclusion i=
n the log.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>That seems undesirable - in fact, we&#39;re trying to go the other way=
, i.e. reduce time to inclusion, in general.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Also, engineering reality doesn&#39;t change, so increasing time to in=
clusion is also likely to increase MMD.</div>
<div><br>
</div>
<div>Secondly, its interesting, but doesn&#39;t seem particularly useful: w=
hen an SCT corresponds to a cert that has not been included, you want to re=
veal the cert, not hide it. What you want to hide is who is revealing it.</=
div>
<div><br>
</div>
<blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<div><span class=3D"m_-3819080993099951714HOEnZb"><font color=3D"#888888">
<p dir=3D"auto" style=3D"text-align:left;margin-top:25px;margin-bottom:25px=
;font-family:sans-serif;font-size:11pt;color:black;background-color:white">
~saba<br>
</p>
</font></span></div>
<br>
______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/l<wbr>istinfo/trans</a><br>
<br>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div></div></div>
</div>

</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--94eb2c191e48d41a45054bb33db6--


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Date: Mon, 27 Mar 2017 15:39:07 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: Tarah Wheeler <Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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On Wed, 22 Mar 2017 19:31:43 +0000
Tarah Wheeler <Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com> wrote:

> Peter Bowen and I have been collaborating on a possible solution for
> certificate privacy. Thoughts?

Hi Tarah and Peter,

Your proposal is very similar to the original redaction mechanism
that existed in draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-16, the main differences
being your proposal also supports IP address redaction and solves the
multiple-certs-per-precert problem.

Like the original redaction mechanism, your proposal imposes a high
complexity cost on TLS clients by forcing them to do a lot of decoding
and re-encoding of a certificate in order to reconstruct the
pre-certificate. This problem was discussed here:

        https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/WU_XveDh0GmyyiQbmqEr1SVuC84
        https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/eOHPqmAskBXMrGzSJAFzT9dzwOQ

It led to the solution in draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-17 (now in
draft-strad-trans-redaction-00), described here:

        https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/gGWZhqCXG0wlkktB_d0a2fPM4VU

I think that any new redaction proposal should address the problem of
client complexity at least as well as draft-strad-trans-redaction-00
does.

Regards,
Andrew


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Date: Mon, 27 Mar 2017 16:11:44 -0700
From: Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name>
To: trans@ietf.org
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Subject: [Trans] STH Pollination Implementations
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First, Graham Edgecombe and I have set up public sth-pollination endpoints
as defined in draft-ietf-trans-gossip-00:

	https://certspotter.com/.well-known/ct/v1/sth-pollination
	https://ct.grahamedgecombe.com/.well-known/ct/v1/sth-pollination

Our monitors are using these endpoints to exchange STHs twice an hour.
We're using the -00 draft instead of -04 because -00 was the last draft
to use v1 STHs.  As I mentioned previously, I think it would be good
to add v1 support back to the Gossip document, if it's not too late to
do so.  v1 logs will be with us for some time and the ecosystem would
benefit from STH pollination.

Second, I've written a lightweight program called "ct-honeybee" which
queries public logs and uploads their latest STHs to my and Graham's
sth-pollination endpoints:

	https://github.com/SSLMate/ct-honeybee/

My hope is for a diverse set of people to run ct-honeybee from various
vantage points to increase the likelihood of detecting split log views.

Let me know if you have any questions.  Also, consider running
ct-honeybee! :-)

Regards,
Andrew


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From: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2017 06:32:11 -0700
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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On Mon, Mar 27, 2017 at 3:39 PM, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:
> On Wed, 22 Mar 2017 19:31:43 +0000
> Tarah Wheeler <Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com> wrote:
>
>> Peter Bowen and I have been collaborating on a possible solution for
>> certificate privacy. Thoughts?
>>
> Your proposal is very similar to the original redaction mechanism
> that existed in draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-16, the main differences
> being your proposal also supports IP address redaction and solves the
> multiple-certs-per-precert problem.
>
> Like the original redaction mechanism, your proposal imposes a high
> complexity cost on TLS clients by forcing them to do a lot of decoding
> and re-encoding of a certificate in order to reconstruct the
> pre-certificate. This problem was discussed here:
>
>         https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/WU_XveDh0GmyyiQbmqEr1SVuC84
>         https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/eOHPqmAskBXMrGzSJAFzT9dzwOQ
>
> It led to the solution in draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-17 (now in
> draft-strad-trans-redaction-00), described here:
>
>         https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/gGWZhqCXG0wlkktB_d0a2fPM4VU
>
> I think that any new redaction proposal should address the problem of
> client complexity at least as well as draft-strad-trans-redaction-00
> does.

Andrew,

Thank you for the feedback.  I take full responsibility for the
failure to make the tech spec as friendly to clients as the
strad-trans-redaction draft.
When I was drafting this proposal, I ended up covering two related but
distinct issues, which I think muddies the water.

First, I think it would be good to have an explicit precertificate
transformation algorithm called out.  6962 and 6962bis both have
algorithms discussed in the text for how to go from a final
certificate to a precertificate.  The two algorithms are slightly
different.  From an implementer's perspective, I would prefer to have
a clear statement of that algorithm being used which then also allows
for clear introduction of new algorithms, instead of relying upon
hints such as the presence of a new extension.

Second is a proposal for an algorithm for precertificate
transformation that occludes discovery of full SANs from
precertificates.  This proposal needs a few tweaks to hit the points
covered in the discussions above and strad-trans-redaction draft; I'll
work on revising it to address these.

Thanks,
Peter


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To: Peter Bowen <pzbowen@gmail.com>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Proposal to modularize pre certificate transformation
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On 28 Mar 2017 8:32 am, "Peter Bowen" <pzbowen@gmail.com> wrote:

On Mon, Mar 27, 2017 at 3:39 PM, Andrew Ayer <agwa@andrewayer.name> wrote:
> On Wed, 22 Mar 2017 19:31:43 +0000
> Tarah Wheeler <Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com> wrote:
>
>> Peter Bowen and I have been collaborating on a possible solution for
>> certificate privacy. Thoughts?
>>
> Your proposal is very similar to the original redaction mechanism
> that existed in draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-16, the main differences
> being your proposal also supports IP address redaction and solves the
> multiple-certs-per-precert problem.
>
> Like the original redaction mechanism, your proposal imposes a high
> complexity cost on TLS clients by forcing them to do a lot of decoding
> and re-encoding of a certificate in order to reconstruct the
> pre-certificate. This problem was discussed here:
>
>         https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/WU_
XveDh0GmyyiQbmqEr1SVuC84
>         https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/
eOHPqmAskBXMrGzSJAFzT9dzwOQ
>
> It led to the solution in draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-17 (now in
> draft-strad-trans-redaction-00), described here:
>
>         https://mailarchive.ietf.org/arch/msg/trans/
gGWZhqCXG0wlkktB_d0a2fPM4VU
>
> I think that any new redaction proposal should address the problem of
> client complexity at least as well as draft-strad-trans-redaction-00
> does.

Andrew,

Thank you for the feedback.  I take full responsibility for the
failure to make the tech spec as friendly to clients as the
strad-trans-redaction draft.
When I was drafting this proposal, I ended up covering two related but
distinct issues, which I think muddies the water.

First, I think it would be good to have an explicit precertificate
transformation algorithm called out.  6962 and 6962bis both have
algorithms discussed in the text for how to go from a final
certificate to a precertificate.  The two algorithms are slightly
different.  From an implementer's perspective, I would prefer to have
a clear statement of that algorithm being used which then also allows
for clear introduction of new algorithms, instead of relying upon
hints such as the presence of a new extension.

That's a concern Richard Barnes brought up as well. Assuming we'll get the
green light to make further changes to 6962-bis, I'm hoping to describe a
clearer, more accurate algorithm to re-construct the data structure which
the signature in the SCT covers (as well as reconstructing the Log Entry).


Second is a proposal for an algorithm for precertificate
transformation that occludes discovery of full SANs from
precertificates.  This proposal needs a few tweaks to hit the points
covered in the discussions above and strad-trans-redaction draft; I'll
work on revising it to address these.

Saba's presentation on the meeting today should describe something for that
purpose.


Thanks,
Peter

_______________________________________________
Trans mailing list
Trans@ietf.org
https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans

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<div dir=3D"auto"><div><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gma=
il_quote">On 28 Mar 2017 8:32 am, &quot;Peter Bowen&quot; &lt;<a href=3D"ma=
ilto:pzbowen@gmail.com">pzbowen@gmail.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br type=3D"attribu=
tion"><blockquote class=3D"quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1p=
x #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div class=3D"quoted-text">On Mon, Mar 27, 2=
017 at 3:39 PM, Andrew Ayer &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:agwa@andrewayer.name">agw=
a@andrewayer.name</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt; On Wed, 22 Mar 2017 19:31:43 +0000<br>
&gt; Tarah Wheeler &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:Tarah_Wheeler@symantec.com">Tarah_=
Wheeler@symantec.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; Peter Bowen and I have been collaborating on a possible solution f=
or<br>
&gt;&gt; certificate privacy. Thoughts?<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
</div><div class=3D"quoted-text">&gt; Your proposal is very similar to the =
original redaction mechanism<br>
&gt; that existed in draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-<wbr>16, the main differe=
nces<br>
&gt; being your proposal also supports IP address redaction and solves the<=
br>
&gt; multiple-certs-per-precert problem.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Like the original redaction mechanism, your proposal imposes a high<br=
>
&gt; complexity cost on TLS clients by forcing them to do a lot of decoding=
<br>
&gt; and re-encoding of a certificate in order to reconstruct the<br>
&gt; pre-certificate. This problem was discussed here:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0<a href=3D"https://mailarchive.ietf.o=
rg/arch/msg/trans/WU_XveDh0GmyyiQbmqEr1SVuC84" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D=
"_blank">https://mailarchive.ietf.org/<wbr>arch/msg/trans/WU_<wbr>XveDh0Gmy=
yiQbmqEr1SVuC84</a><br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0<a href=3D"https://mailarchive.ietf.o=
rg/arch/msg/trans/eOHPqmAskBXMrGzSJAFzT9dzwOQ" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D=
"_blank">https://mailarchive.ietf.org/<wbr>arch/msg/trans/<wbr>eOHPqmAskBXM=
rGzSJAFzT9dzwOQ</a><br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; It led to the solution in draft-ietf-trans-rfc6962-bis-<wbr>17 (now in=
<br>
&gt; draft-strad-trans-redaction-<wbr>00), described here:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0<a href=3D"https://mailarchive.ietf.o=
rg/arch/msg/trans/gGWZhqCXG0wlkktB_d0a2fPM4VU" rel=3D"noreferrer" target=3D=
"_blank">https://mailarchive.ietf.org/<wbr>arch/msg/trans/<wbr>gGWZhqCXG0wl=
kktB_d0a2fPM4VU</a><br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; I think that any new redaction proposal should address the problem of<=
br>
&gt; client complexity at least as well as draft-strad-trans-redaction-00<b=
r>
&gt; does.<br>
<br>
</div>Andrew,<br>
<br>
Thank you for the feedback.=C2=A0 I take full responsibility for the<br>
failure to make the tech spec as friendly to clients as the<br>
strad-trans-redaction draft.<br>
When I was drafting this proposal, I ended up covering two related but<br>
distinct issues, which I think muddies the water.<br>
<br>
First, I think it would be good to have an explicit precertificate<br>
transformation algorithm called out.=C2=A0 6962 and 6962bis both have<br>
algorithms discussed in the text for how to go from a final<br>
certificate to a precertificate.=C2=A0 The two algorithms are slightly<br>
different.=C2=A0 From an implementer&#39;s perspective, I would prefer to h=
ave<br>
a clear statement of that algorithm being used which then also allows<br>
for clear introduction of new algorithms, instead of relying upon<br>
hints such as the presence of a new extension.<br></blockquote></div></div>=
</div><div dir=3D"auto">That&#39;s a concern Richard Barnes brought up as w=
ell. Assuming we&#39;ll get the green light to make further changes to 6962=
-bis, I&#39;m hoping to describe a clearer, more accurate algorithm to re-c=
onstruct the data structure which the signature in the SCT covers (as well =
as reconstructing the Log Entry).</div><div dir=3D"auto"><div class=3D"gmai=
l_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"quote" style=3D"ma=
rgin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Second is a proposal for an algorithm for precertificate<br>
transformation that occludes discovery of full SANs from<br>
precertificates.=C2=A0 This proposal needs a few tweaks to hit the points<b=
r>
covered in the discussions above and strad-trans-redaction draft; I&#39;ll<=
br>
work on revising it to address these.<br></blockquote></div></div></div><di=
v dir=3D"auto">Saba&#39;s presentation on the meeting today should describe=
 something for that purpose.</div><div dir=3D"auto"><div class=3D"gmail_ext=
ra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"quote" style=3D"margin:=
0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">
<br>
Thanks,<br>
Peter<br>
<div class=3D"elided-text"><br>
______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/<wbr>listinfo/trans</a><br>
</div></blockquote></div><br></div></div></div>

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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Tue, 28 Mar 2017 15:21:37 -0400
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Subject: [Trans] Mozilla's basic take on Binary Transparency
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As I said at the mic, there's some work going on at Mozilla to implement a
form of Binary Transparency, leveraged on top of CT.  Here's the outline:

https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Binary_Transparency

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<div dir=3D"ltr">As I said at the mic, there&#39;s some work going on at Mo=
zilla to implement a form of Binary Transparency, leveraged on top of CT.=
=C2=A0 Here&#39;s the outline:<div><br></div><div><a href=3D"https://wiki.m=
ozilla.org/Security/Binary_Transparency">https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/=
Binary_Transparency</a><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div>

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Subject: Re: [Trans] Mozilla's basic take on Binary Transparency
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On 28 March 2017 at 20:21, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

> As I said at the mic, there's some work going on at Mozilla to implement a
> form of Binary Transparency, leveraged on top of CT.  Here's the outline:
>
> https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Binary_Transparency
>

Cool! Are you planning to build this from scratch, or use Trillian (
https://github.com/google/trillian)?

>
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> Trans mailing list
> Trans@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 28 March 2017 at 20:21, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<b=
r><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;borde=
r-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">As I s=
aid at the mic, there&#39;s some work going on at Mozilla to implement a fo=
rm of Binary Transparency, leveraged on top of CT.=C2=A0 Here&#39;s the out=
line:<div><br></div><div><a href=3D"https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Binar=
y_Transparency" target=3D"_blank">https://wiki.mozilla.org/<wbr>Security/Bi=
nary_Transparency</a></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div>Cool! Are=
 you planning to build this from scratch, or use Trillian (<a href=3D"https=
://github.com/google/trillian">https://github.com/google/trillian</a>)?=C2=
=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8e=
x;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"=
><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div>
<br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
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From: Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com>
Date: Wed, 29 Mar 2017 09:33:02 -0500
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To: Viktor Dukhovni <ietf-dane@dukhovni.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [dane] CT for DNSSEC
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Thanks very much Viktor that explanation of NSEC(3).  Just one follow up
idea:

On Mon, Mar 20, 2017 at 6:00 PM, Viktor Dukhovni <ietf-dane@dukhovni.org>
wrote:

>
> > On Mar 20, 2017, at 6:43 PM, Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com> wrote:
> >
> >>> No, this is because the parent can spoof any data for the child.
> >>> It is unrelated to DNSSEC.
> >>
> >> With qname minimization, the parent will first need to deny an NS
> >> RRset for the child, and those DOE records are better candidates
> >> for logging than routine non-NS queries.
> >
> > Can you expand on how the the DOE record (which I assumes means
> > denial-of-existence) could work with an adversarial parent?
>
> Yes, DOE is denial of existence.  When the child sends NS queries
> as part of qname minimization a negative response (no NS records)
> will include signed NSEC(3) records to that effect, signed by the
> parent zone.  These are candidates for logging.
>

Understood now I think.


> The key question is how to avoid logging ridiculous volumes of
> data that can DoS any log service and also disclose too much.
>

+1 as this is logging NSEC(3) would make the logging rate proportional to
all RR churn.

Let put out an idea to attempt to mitigate this.  (And apologies ahead of
time if this is obviously wrong as I'm pretty new at DNS/DNSSEC)   For
this, the main thing this is trying to track is the existence of DS and its
DOE.  Why not create an explicit Non-existence of DS (NDS) RR that gets
logged along with DS and NS?  The effect is then is that every NS will then
have either a DS or NDS RR.   Then the rate of logging becomes proportional
to max of NS and DS changes.  I suspect NDS won't have the same enumeration
problems as the NSEC(3) since lacks next-signed link, and is paired with an
NS record anyways.  Also NDS does not change NSEC(3) behavior DOE behavior.
 (To be complete there could be a policy declaration mechanism for this but
that's details).

-Wei

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<div dir=3D"ltr">Thanks very much Viktor that explanation of NSEC(3).=C2=A0=
 Just one follow up idea:<br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"g=
mail_quote">On Mon, Mar 20, 2017 at 6:00 PM, Viktor Dukhovni <span dir=3D"l=
tr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:ietf-dane@dukhovni.org" target=3D"_blank">ietf-da=
ne@dukhovni.org</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" =
style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);pa=
dding-left:1ex"><span class=3D"gmail-"><br>
&gt; On Mar 20, 2017, at 6:43 PM, Wei Chuang &lt;<a href=3D"mailto:weihaw@g=
oogle.com">weihaw@google.com</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; No, this is because the parent can spoof any data for the chil=
d.<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; It is unrelated to DNSSEC.<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; With qname minimization, the parent will first need to deny an NS<=
br>
&gt;&gt; RRset for the child, and those DOE records are better candidates<b=
r>
&gt;&gt; for logging than routine non-NS queries.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; Can you expand on how the the DOE record (which I assumes means<br>
</span>&gt; denial-of-existence) could work with an adversarial parent?<br>
<br>
Yes, DOE is denial of existence.=C2=A0 When the child sends NS queries<br>
as part of qname minimization a negative response (no NS records)<br>
will include signed NSEC(3) records to that effect, signed by the<br>
parent zone.=C2=A0 These are candidates for logging.<br></blockquote><div><=
br></div><div>Understood now I think.</div><div><br></div><blockquote class=
=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rg=
b(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<br>
The key question is how to avoid logging ridiculous volumes of<br>
data that can DoS any log service and also disclose too much.<br></blockquo=
te><div><br></div><div>+1 as this is logging NSEC(3) would make the logging=
 rate proportional to all RR churn.</div><div>=C2=A0</div><div>Let put out =
an idea to attempt to mitigate this. =C2=A0(And apologies ahead of time if =
this is obviously wrong as I&#39;m pretty new at DNS/DNSSEC) =C2=A0 For thi=
s, the main thing this is trying to track is the existence of DS and its DO=
E.=C2=A0 Why not create an explicit Non-existence of DS (NDS) RR that gets =
logged along with DS and NS?=C2=A0 The effect is then is that every NS will=
 then have either a DS or NDS RR. =C2=A0 Then the rate of logging becomes p=
roportional to max of NS and DS changes.=C2=A0 I suspect NDS won&#39;t have=
 the same enumeration problems as the NSEC(3) since lacks next-signed link,=
 and is paired with an NS record anyways.=C2=A0 Also NDS does not change NS=
EC(3) behavior DOE behavior. =C2=A0(To be complete there could be a policy =
declaration mechanism for this but that&#39;s details).</div><div><br></div=
><div>-Wei</div></div></div></div>

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--f403045ddecc467831054bdf7487--


From nobody Wed Mar 29 08:18:51 2017
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Subject: Re: [Trans] [dane] CT for DNSSEC
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> On Mar 29, 2017, at 10:33 AM, Wei Chuang <weihaw@google.com> wrote:
>=20
> Why not create an explicit Non-existence of DS (NDS) RR that gets =
logged along with DS and NS?

This is not needed, the NSEC/NSEC3 RRs already serve that role.

For NSEC records (RFC4034), an unsigned delegation looks like:

	example.com. IN NS ns1.example.com.
	example.com. IN NSEC examplf.com NS
	example.com. IN RRSIG NSEC ...

this proves that NS (or other depending on the content of the type
bitmap of the NSEC record) records exist for example.com, but DS
records do not.

With NSEC3 (rfc5155), and the "opt-out" bit the situation can be
more complex because the answer may not establish the existence of
example.com.  Instead we may get an existence proof for the closest
encloser (ancestor domain) and proof that "example.com" is not signed,
but no proof of its existence.  This means that to avoid spam, a log
might want to independently verify the existence of the insecure
delegation by repeating the query, so as to avoid storing data for
non-existent domains with the insecure NXDOMAIN modified to NOERROR
with made up NS records.

--=20
	Viktor.


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From: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Date: Wed, 29 Mar 2017 11:35:31 -0400
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Mozilla's basic take on Binary Transparency
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--f403045cf46ea72d28054be05306
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On Wed, Mar 29, 2017 at 7:48 AM, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:

>
>
> On 28 March 2017 at 20:21, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>
>> As I said at the mic, there's some work going on at Mozilla to implement
>> a form of Binary Transparency, leveraged on top of CT.  Here's the outline:
>>
>> https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Binary_Transparency
>>
>
> Cool! Are you planning to build this from scratch, or use Trillian (
> https://github.com/google/trillian)?
>

I'm no longer in a position to speak for Mozilla, but I think the idea was
not to deploy any new logs, but instead just to use the CT logs that exist.

--Richard




>
>>
>>
>>
>> _______________________________________________
>> Trans mailing list
>> Trans@ietf.org
>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>>
>>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On Wed, Mar 29, 2017 at 7:48 AM, Ben Laurie <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a hr=
ef=3D"mailto:benl@google.com" target=3D"_blank">benl@google.com</a>&gt;</sp=
an> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;=
border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div clas=
s=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span class=3D"">On 28 Mar=
ch 2017 at 20:21, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rl=
b@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote=
 class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px so=
lid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr">As I said at the mi=
c, there&#39;s some work going on at Mozilla to implement a form of Binary =
Transparency, leveraged on top of CT.=C2=A0 Here&#39;s the outline:<div><br=
></div><div><a href=3D"https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Binary_Transparenc=
y" target=3D"_blank">https://wiki.mozilla.org/Secur<wbr>ity/Binary_Transpar=
ency</a></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div></span><div>Cool! Are you p=
lanning to build this from scratch, or use Trillian (<a href=3D"https://git=
hub.com/google/trillian" target=3D"_blank">https://github.com/google/<wbr>t=
rillian</a>)?=C2=A0</div></div></div></div></blockquote><div><br></div><div=
>I&#39;m no longer in a position to speak for Mozilla, but I think the idea=
 was not to deploy any new logs, but instead just to use the CT logs that e=
xist.</div><div><br></div><div>--Richard</div><div><br></div><div><br></div=
><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .=
8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div clas=
s=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quo=
te" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204=
);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br=
></div></div>
<br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/l<wbr>istinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div></div>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

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From: Ben Laurie <benl@google.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Mar 2017 14:06:18 +0100
Message-ID: <CABrd9STOaFT3yZrDcbffD1_WLsFpcr6V3PV4UkmFiFmbke0LRA@mail.gmail.com>
To: Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx>
Cc: Trans <trans@ietf.org>
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Subject: Re: [Trans] Mozilla's basic take on Binary Transparency
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On 29 March 2017 at 16:35, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:

>
>
> On Wed, Mar 29, 2017 at 7:48 AM, Ben Laurie <benl@google.com> wrote:
>
>>
>>
>> On 28 March 2017 at 20:21, Richard Barnes <rlb@ipv.sx> wrote:
>>
>>> As I said at the mic, there's some work going on at Mozilla to implement
>>> a form of Binary Transparency, leveraged on top of CT.  Here's the outline:
>>>
>>> https://wiki.mozilla.org/Security/Binary_Transparency
>>>
>>
>> Cool! Are you planning to build this from scratch, or use Trillian (
>> https://github.com/google/trillian)?
>>
>
> I'm no longer in a position to speak for Mozilla, but I think the idea was
> not to deploy any new logs, but instead just to use the CT logs that exist.
>

Hmm. This is not really a scaleable solution. And is exactly why we're
building Trillian.

I realise that its attractive to layer on top of CT, because then you get a
whole ecosystem around the logs for free. But that ecosystem isn't really
interested in your problem. What we really need is for a common ecosystem
around log correctness (i.e. verifying single view, etc), whilst allowing
for independent logs for independent things.

This is one reason I rather like the proposal to do "gossip" by including
STHs in other logs (even logs that are logging different things).


>
> --Richard
>
>
>
>
>>
>>>
>>>
>>>
>>> _______________________________________________
>>> Trans mailing list
>>> Trans@ietf.org
>>> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans
>>>
>>>
>>
>

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quo=
te">On 29 March 2017 at 16:35, Richard Barnes <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<b=
r><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:=
1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_e=
xtra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span class=3D"">On Wed, Mar 29, 2017 =
at 7:48 AM, Ben Laurie <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:benl@google.=
com" target=3D"_blank">benl@google.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote=
 class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc soli=
d;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><br><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><di=
v class=3D"gmail_quote"><span>On 28 March 2017 at 20:21, Richard Barnes <sp=
an dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:rlb@ipv.sx" target=3D"_blank">rlb@ipv.=
sx</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"marg=
in:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1e=
x"><div dir=3D"ltr">As I said at the mic, there&#39;s some work going on at=
 Mozilla to implement a form of Binary Transparency, leveraged on top of CT=
.=C2=A0 Here&#39;s the outline:<div><br></div><div><a href=3D"https://wiki.=
mozilla.org/Security/Binary_Transparency" target=3D"_blank">https://wiki.mo=
zilla.org/Secur<wbr>ity/Binary_Transparency</a></div></div></blockquote><di=
v><br></div></span><div>Cool! Are you planning to build this from scratch, =
or use Trillian (<a href=3D"https://github.com/google/trillian" target=3D"_=
blank">https://github.com/google/tri<wbr>llian</a>)?=C2=A0</div></div></div=
></div></blockquote><div><br></div></span><div>I&#39;m no longer in a posit=
ion to speak for Mozilla, but I think the idea was not to deploy any new lo=
gs, but instead just to use the CT logs that exist.</div></div></div></div>=
</blockquote><div><br></div><div>Hmm. This is not really a scaleable soluti=
on. And is exactly why we&#39;re building Trillian.</div><div><br></div><di=
v>I realise that its attractive to layer on top of CT, because then you get=
 a whole ecosystem around the logs for free. But that ecosystem isn&#39;t r=
eally interested in your problem. What we really need is for a common ecosy=
stem around log correctness (i.e. verifying single view, etc), whilst allow=
ing for independent logs for independent things.</div><div><br></div><div>T=
his is one reason I rather like the proposal to do &quot;gossip&quot; by in=
cluding STHs in other logs (even logs that are logging different things).</=
div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 =
0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div c=
lass=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gmail_quote"><span class=3D"HOEnZb"><fon=
t color=3D"#888888"><div><br></div><div>--Richard</div></font></span><span =
class=3D""><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>=C2=A0</div><blockquote class=
=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padd=
ing-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><div class=3D"gma=
il_quote"><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8=
ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex"><div dir=3D"ltr=
"><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><br></div></div>
<br>______________________________<wbr>_________________<br>
Trans mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:Trans@ietf.org" target=3D"_blank">Trans@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/trans" rel=3D"noreferrer" =
target=3D"_blank">https://www.ietf.org/mailman/l<wbr>istinfo/trans</a><br>
<br></blockquote></div><br></div></div>
</blockquote></span></div><br></div></div>
</blockquote></div><br></div></div>

--94eb2c1ab7aade23d6054bf25b0b--


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From: David Mazieres <dm-list-ietf-ilc@scs.stanford.edu>
To: saag@ietf.org, ilc@ietf.org, trans@ietf.org
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Date: Thu, 30 Mar 2017 11:46:41 -0700
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Subject: [Trans] Internet-Level Consensus bar BoF tonight 7:30pm, Amuse
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For those interested in further discussion of Internet-level Consensus
(ILC) following my talk at the SAAG open meeting, let's meet at 7:30pm
at Amuse, the bar inside Swissotel right near the lobby.

David

David Mazieres <dm-list-ietf-ilc@scs.stanford.edu> writes:

> I'll be giving the following 30-minute talk during the saag session at
> the upcoming IETF meeting in Chicago, likely followed by a "bar bof" on
> Internet-level consensus that evening.
>
>
> 		Internet-Level Consensus is Practical
>
> 			    David Mazi=C3=A8res
>
> 		      Security Area Open Meeting
> 		 Thursday March 30, 2017 15:20-17:20
> 			    Zurich D room
>=20=09=09=09=09=20=20=20
> Consensus is the problem of agreeing on a valid input value among
> members of a distributed system.  Internet-level consensus extends the
> concept to global agreement, despite the fact that the Internet has no
> meaningful notion of membership.  This talk will report on the Stellar
> consensus protocol (SCP), an existence proof that secure consensus
> does not require well-defined membership.  SCP's key idea is for
> individual participants to decide for themselves which other
> participants they cannot afford to diverge from.  SCP guarantees
> agreement so long as there is transitive overlap in these
> dependencies.  SCP is in production use by the Stellar payment
> network, but has broader potential applications ranging from secure
> package distribution to key management in end-to-end email encryption.

