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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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Not sure I'm entirely getting this right, but ISTM the proposed text 
would support:

1/ Me using urn:isbn:<blat>  in a local resolver in my house to resolve 
to items in my book collection.  (And teddy bears.  Because we know 
about ISBNs).

2/ Me standing up a completely independent URN resolution service for 
all registered URN namespaces and resolving them any way I choose -- 
i.e., not necessarily to the resources intended by the namespace creator 
and/or assigner.  And it's not clear to me how others would be able to 
determine the intended resolution service outcome.

I think "1/" isn't preventable, but shouldn't be promoted.  I think "2/" 
needs to be prevented to the extent possible.

RFC2276 is a pretty broad net.

Leslie.

On 5/1/15 1:23 AM, Keith Moore wrote:
> For reference, the current (-11) text of section 7.3.6:
>
> 7.3.6.  Resolution
>
>     The "Resolution" section MUST specify whether resolution mechanisms
>     are supported or anticipated for URNs assigned within the namespace,
>     and if so SHOULD specify or reference the rules governing those
>     mechanisms.
>
>     In particular, if resolution is anticipated and resolver registration
>     of some kind is required, for example via a Resolution Discovery
>     System [RFC2276], this section SHOULD list the requirements for
>     becoming a recognized resolver of URNs in the relevant namespace.
>
> I believe this section needs work for multiple reasons:
>
>   * resolution is, fundamentally, not a per-namespace operation. A
>     namespace can support a resolution service for URNs that it assigns
>     if it chooses to do so (and it will likely have high quality
>     information), but any other party can also provide a service to look
>     up URNs from any namespace.   Tying resolution services to any
>     specific party degrades the persistence of URNs, because a URN
>     should remain valid and potentially resolvable even if its namespace
>     (or the organization operating it) ceases to exist, or even if its
>     namespace imposes barriers to use of its resolution services.
>   * Rules for resolution should not be namespace-specific, because this
>     discourages general-purpose resolution services.   (A namespace can
>     of course recommend specific resolution services and/or specific
>     protocols for use with those services, but this section is worded as
>     if resolution itself were some sort of fundamentally
>     namespace-specific operation)
>
> Here's a stab at alternate text:
>
> 7.3.6. Resolution
>
>     The "Resolution" section is optional.  If included, it SHOULD
> specify whether the namespace intends to operate or recommend any
> resolution services for URNs using that namespace.   In addition, if the
> namespace intends to implement registration for publicly-advertised
> resolution services (for example using a system like that described in
> [RFC2276]) the Resolution section SHOULD list the requirements for being
> publicly-advertised using that mechanism.
>
> Note: The above is not intended to restrict URN resolution to services
> provided by or recommended by the namespace operator. In principle, any
> party may operate a resolution service for any set of URNs.
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn
>


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On 05/01/2015 10:10 AM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>
> Not sure I'm entirely getting this right, but ISTM the proposed text 
> would support:
>
> 1/ Me using urn:isbn:<blat>  in a local resolver in my house to 
> resolve to items in my book collection.  (And teddy bears. Because we 
> know about ISBNs).
>
> 2/ Me standing up a completely independent URN resolution service for 
> all registered URN namespaces and resolving them any way I choose -- 
> i.e., not necessarily to the resources intended by the namespace 
> creator and/or assigner.  And it's not clear to me how others would be 
> able to determine the intended resolution service outcome.
>
> I think "1/" isn't preventable, but shouldn't be promoted.  I think 
> "2/" needs to be prevented to the extent possible.
I disagree.  Anybody should be able to operate a URN resolution service 
for any reason that they choose.  In particular, it's completely 
reasonable for any library to allow its holdings to be looked up by URN, 
or for there to be resolution services that aggregate catalogs from 
several libraries.    It's also completely reasonable for any enterprise 
to operate a URN resolution service for its own holdings, including 
those holdings only accessible to members/employees of that 
organization.   And it's perfectly reasonable for users to configure 
their clients to query any resolution service available to them, 
including multiple services for the same namespace.

Saying that there should be no private resolution services is like 
saying that libraries or booksellers shouldn't permit their catalogs to 
be searched by ISBN.

To be clear, I'm certainly not proposing that all such resolution 
services should be publicly advertised for general use.

Keith

p.s. I'm currently writing a short document on URN resolution that 
illustrates how this works.


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I certainly appreciate the use cases you cite.    We had a BoF about 
that a decade and a half ago, remember?  C15N.  Contextualization. (More 
info/reminders at  http://web.thinkingcat.com/wordpress/attic/#c15n ).

But, it seems to me your model completely divorces the namespace from 
resources, and allows for any kind of mapping between the two, with no 
ability to detect which mapping the resource holder (or name minter) 
intended.  I don't see that as "permanence" or "persistence".

The danger in conflating the use of an identifier in some consensual 
mapping service with namespace-supported resolution is that you lose any 
ability to use a URN to find the authoritative response intended for a 
given URN.

Leslie.

On 5/1/15 10:17 AM, Keith Moore wrote:
> On 05/01/2015 10:10 AM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>
>> Not sure I'm entirely getting this right, but ISTM the proposed text
>> would support:
>>
>> 1/ Me using urn:isbn:<blat>  in a local resolver in my house to
>> resolve to items in my book collection.  (And teddy bears. Because we
>> know about ISBNs).
>>
>> 2/ Me standing up a completely independent URN resolution service for
>> all registered URN namespaces and resolving them any way I choose --
>> i.e., not necessarily to the resources intended by the namespace
>> creator and/or assigner.  And it's not clear to me how others would be
>> able to determine the intended resolution service outcome.
>>
>> I think "1/" isn't preventable, but shouldn't be promoted.  I think
>> "2/" needs to be prevented to the extent possible.
> I disagree.  Anybody should be able to operate a URN resolution service
> for any reason that they choose.  In particular, it's completely
> reasonable for any library to allow its holdings to be looked up by URN,
> or for there to be resolution services that aggregate catalogs from
> several libraries.    It's also completely reasonable for any enterprise
> to operate a URN resolution service for its own holdings, including
> those holdings only accessible to members/employees of that
> organization.   And it's perfectly reasonable for users to configure
> their clients to query any resolution service available to them,
> including multiple services for the same namespace.
>
> Saying that there should be no private resolution services is like
> saying that libraries or booksellers shouldn't permit their catalogs to
> be searched by ISBN.
>
> To be clear, I'm certainly not proposing that all such resolution
> services should be publicly advertised for general use.
>
> Keith
>
> p.s. I'm currently writing a short document on URN resolution that
> illustrates how this works.
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


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Subject: Re: [urn] Fundamental question: resolution Re: suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis section 7.3.6
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On 05/01/2015 03:48 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>
> I certainly appreciate the use cases you cite.    We had a BoF about 
> that a decade and a half ago, remember?  C15N. Contextualization. 
> (More info/reminders at 
> http://web.thinkingcat.com/wordpress/attic/#c15n ).

I remember a lot from 15 years ago (or so I like to tell myself), but 
not that BOF.

> But, it seems to me your model completely divorces the namespace from 
> resources, and allows for any kind of mapping between the two, with no 
> ability to detect which mapping the resource holder (or name minter) 
> intended.  I don't see that as "permanence" or "persistence".

I do see it as promoting persistence.   What I think is detrimental to 
persistence is to promote the notion that only a resolution service 
operated by or authorized by a namespace is valid for resolution.   
If/when a namespace is no longer used to create new URNs and/or the 
organization running a namespace is no longer viable, the old URNs 
produced by that namespace should still be valid.

However, users will naturally want the best resolution information they 
can find, and if namespaces do a good job of providing and recommending 
resolution services for their URNs, and those services are generally 
available, I believe users will prefer them.   But even in those 
circumstances there are valid use cases for other resolution services 
than those advertised by a namespace - again: the local library, your 
company's private library, a preferred bookseller or two.

>
>
> The danger in conflating the use of an identifier in some consensual 
> mapping service with namespace-supported resolution is that you lose 
> any ability to use a URN to find the authoritative response intended 
> for a given URN.

Not so.   But you do need a mechanism to tell your software which 
resolution services are authoritative, and which of the services are 
preferred over others.

Keith

p.s.  Again, I'm trying to address this in the short document I'm 
writing, but I've been tied up dealing with a First Amendment emergency 
today so probably won't get it done before the weekend.


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Subject: Re: [urn] Fundamental question: resolution Re: suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis section 7.3.6
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In-line...

On 5/1/15 4:04 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> On 05/01/2015 03:48 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>
>> I certainly appreciate the use cases you cite.    We had a BoF about
>> that a decade and a half ago, remember?  C15N. Contextualization.
>> (More info/reminders at
>> http://web.thinkingcat.com/wordpress/attic/#c15n ).
>
> I remember a lot from 15 years ago (or so I like to tell myself), but
> not that BOF.

How's your recollection on RESCAP? 
http://web.thinkingcat.com/wordpress/attic/#rescap

>
>> But, it seems to me your model completely divorces the namespace from
>> resources, and allows for any kind of mapping between the two, with no
>> ability to detect which mapping the resource holder (or name minter)
>> intended.  I don't see that as "permanence" or "persistence".
>
> I do see it as promoting persistence.   What I think is detrimental to
> persistence is to promote the notion that only a resolution service
> operated by or authorized by a namespace is valid for resolution.

Great, whatever you want to do to data in your own networks, have at it.

But, in other contexts, overriding intended network actions with a 
different flavour is considered "hijacking", and we generally try to 
avoid it.

> If/when a namespace is no longer used to create new URNs and/or the
> organization running a namespace is no longer viable, the old URNs
> produced by that namespace should still be valid.

Valid for what?  How does some other entity know what they were meant to 
point to (authoritatively)?

In terms of wholesale changing of resolution services in a conscious and 
intentional way, that was part of the purpose of DDDS.  Which this 
generation of WG discussion seems to have thrown out with the 
implementation in DNS.

>
> However, users will naturally want the best resolution information they
> can find, and if namespaces do a good job of providing and recommending
> resolution services for their URNs, and those services are generally
> available, I believe users will prefer them.   But even in those
> circumstances there are valid use cases for other resolution services
> than those advertised by a namespace - again: the local library, your
> company's private library, a preferred bookseller or two.

I agree that there are valid use cases for finding other copies of 
resources.  I disagree that should be conflated within the resolution 
system.
>
>>
>>
>> The danger in conflating the use of an identifier in some consensual
>> mapping service with namespace-supported resolution is that you lose
>> any ability to use a URN to find the authoritative response intended
>> for a given URN.
>
> Not so.   But you do need a mechanism to tell your software which
> resolution services are authoritative, and which of the services are
> preferred over others.

All strictly IMO:   It's not a mechanism.  It's got to be part of the 
standard.  Software is something people write to implement the standard, 
and is not the subject of discussion here.

Leslie.
>
> Keith
>
> p.s.  Again, I'm trying to address this in the short document I'm
> writing, but I've been tied up dealing with a First Amendment emergency
> today so probably won't get it done before the weekend.
>


From nobody Mon May  4 14:50:49 2015
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Subject: Re: [urn] Fundamental question: resolution Re: suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis section 7.3.6
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On 05/04/2015 05:20 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
> In-line...
>
> On 5/1/15 4:04 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>> On 05/01/2015 03:48 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>>
>>> I certainly appreciate the use cases you cite.    We had a BoF about
>>> that a decade and a half ago, remember?  C15N. Contextualization.
>>> (More info/reminders at
>>> http://web.thinkingcat.com/wordpress/attic/#c15n ).
>>
>> I remember a lot from 15 years ago (or so I like to tell myself), but
>> not that BOF.
>
> How's your recollection on RESCAP? 
> http://web.thinkingcat.com/wordpress/attic/#rescap

A bit better.   Thanks for the pointer to that; some of us were just 
talking about RESCAP in Dallas.

>
>>
>>> But, it seems to me your model completely divorces the namespace from
>>> resources, and allows for any kind of mapping between the two, with no
>>> ability to detect which mapping the resource holder (or name minter)
>>> intended.  I don't see that as "permanence" or "persistence".
>>
>> I do see it as promoting persistence.   What I think is detrimental to
>> persistence is to promote the notion that only a resolution service
>> operated by or authorized by a namespace is valid for resolution.
>
> Great, whatever you want to do to data in your own networks, have at it.
>
> But, in other contexts, overriding intended network actions with a 
> different flavour is considered "hijacking", and we generally try to 
> avoid it.

I don't view URNs as inherently tied to "intended network actions". The 
URN system is a discipline for naming resources.    Now it happens that 
it's frequently useful to be able to ask network-based services for 
information about URNs.   But which services are "authoritative" sources 
of information about a URN depends on what you're looking for.   If 
you're looking for the information which the namespace itself associates 
with that URN, the best service to consult is probably one either 
operated by or recommended by that namespace.   If you're looking for a 
copy of that resource on a particular library or archive, you probably 
want to ask that library or archive, because it is authoritative for 
that kind of information.   That's not "hijacking", it's just a 
different use case.

OTOH, it's extremely dangerous to architect a single source for all 
information about a URN.  Single sources provide excellent vectors for 
denial-of-service attacks, control of information usage, and monitoring 
of information usage - all of which are threats to a free society.

>
>> If/when a namespace is no longer used to create new URNs and/or the
>> organization running a namespace is no longer viable, the old URNs
>> produced by that namespace should still be valid.
>
> Valid for what?  How does some other entity know what they were meant 
> to point to (authoritatively)?

How does someone today know what an ISBN created long ago was meant to 
point to?   As best as I understand, the answer is that there are 
organizations that compile such information and make their databases 
available.

> In terms of wholesale changing of resolution services in a conscious 
> and intentional way, that was part of the purpose of DDDS.  Which this 
> generation of WG discussion seems to have thrown out with the 
> implementation in DNS.

IMO, DDDS needs another look.   I think some of those documents suffer 
from lack of clarity but the underlying ideas were fairly sound.   There 
definitely needs to be a way to discover namespace-advertised services 
that provide information about URNs. I just don't think that those 
services are the only sources that should ever be consulted.

>
>>
>> However, users will naturally want the best resolution information they
>> can find, and if namespaces do a good job of providing and recommending
>> resolution services for their URNs, and those services are generally
>> available, I believe users will prefer them.   But even in those
>> circumstances there are valid use cases for other resolution services
>> than those advertised by a namespace - again: the local library, your
>> company's private library, a preferred bookseller or two.
>
> I agree that there are valid use cases for finding other copies of 
> resources.  I disagree that should be conflated within the resolution 
> system.

Well, if it's just a matter of what we call each operation, I don't care 
that much.  Having different terms for the two might be useful.   I 
would however like for software to be capable of consulting both 
namespace-recommended and other sources of information about a URN 
(depending on the use case); and for some of the same protocols, schema, 
and data formats to be potentially usable across those different use cases.

>>
>>>
>>>
>>> The danger in conflating the use of an identifier in some consensual
>>> mapping service with namespace-supported resolution is that you lose
>>> any ability to use a URN to find the authoritative response intended
>>> for a given URN.
>>
>> Not so.   But you do need a mechanism to tell your software which
>> resolution services are authoritative, and which of the services are
>> preferred over others.
>
> All strictly IMO:   It's not a mechanism.  It's got to be part of the 
> standard.  Software is something people write to implement the 
> standard, and is not the subject of discussion here.

Again, I think there are different kinds of authority, and the namespace 
isn't the only source of authoritative information for every use case.

But of course we do need to be clear about what's part of the standard 
and what's merely an implementation recommendation or suggestion.

Keith

p.s. thanks for this message though - responding to it helped to clarify 
for me that the use case associated with a URN needs to guide the 
implementation's choice of which services to consult, and also that the 
use case is probably something that should be able to be exposed in an 
r-component.   more on that later, hopefully later tonight.


From nobody Tue May  5 05:53:56 2015
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To: "Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat)" <ldaigle@thinkingcat.com>, Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>
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Also below:
=20
> Below...
>=20
> On 4/30/15 12:42 AM, Keith Moore wrote:
> > On 04/29/2015 09:47 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
> >>
> >> Overall I'm still feeling queasy about r-components. It's a large
> >> change to the spec and I feel that it's strongly tied to resolution. I
> >> am wondering whether later on (i.e., when and if someone writes a spec
> >> that updates or obsoletes RFC 2276) we can define r-components as a
> >> convention used in relation to URN resolution. Because r-components
> >> are allowed by q-component syntax, this seems feasible. And because
> >> they represent a significant and untried addition to URNs, this seems
> >> desirable (at least to me).
> >
> > Of course r-components are strongly tied to resolution, since their
> > intended purpose is to affect resolution.  :-)
> >
> > The essential thing to establish now, IMO, is the separation between a
> > query that's passed to a resource and a query that's passed to a
> > resolution service (even if part of the logic of that service is
> > implemented in the client).    If we don't do that now, code will be
> > written that passes everything after the first "?" to the resource as a
> > query, and that will make it much more difficult to implement resolutio=
n
> > services later without breaking things.
> >
>=20
> I think this:
>=20
> > However what might work is to define a syntax for r-components in
> > 2141bis and declare that they're reserved for future use by an IETF
> > standard.   And I think we should go ahead and try to define a standard
> > framework for resolution, but maybe that doesn't have to be a blocking
> > item for 2141bis.
>=20
> is the sort of thing I was thinking of when I said leaving a "hook".

Works for me. I feel quite comfortable with Keith's proposal, and I guess t=
he exact definition would be an update to rfc 2483.

Lars=20


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Date: Sun, 10 May 2015 10:50:58 -0800
From: Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>
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Hi, all:

There seems to be agreement on specifying a syntax for r-components,
largely as a defensive mechanism against possible future bad behavior.
Rather than specifying that space as "reserved" it probably makes
more sense, and is more consistent with IETF practice, to distinguish
between things that are used as part of URN processing and things that
are opaque to URN processing and passed through without being touched
(thanks to John for providing some clarifying thoughts on this).  Is
there agreement on this?

Thanks,

Melinda


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--On Sunday, May 10, 2015 10:50 -0800 Melinda Shore
<melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:

> There seems to be agreement on specifying a syntax for
> r-components, largely as a defensive mechanism against
> possible future bad behavior. Rather than specifying that
> space as "reserved" it probably makes more sense, and is more
> consistent with IETF practice, to distinguish between things
> that are used as part of URN processing and things that are
> opaque to URN processing and passed through without being
> touched (thanks to John for providing some clarifying thoughts
> on this).  Is there agreement on this?

Melinda, thanks.

As a shortcut to save a bit of time, I think that, if we decide
to allow r-components, the syntax for in section 3 of 2141bis-11
would change so that the changed productions would read:

       q-component = "?" query [ "??" r-component ]
	       Note that <query> in the above cannot contain "??"
       r-component = query

That could also be done in a somewhat more complex way to
eliminate the note, e.g., as 

       q-component = "?" q-string [ "??" r-component ]
       r-component = r-string

where the definition of q-string would repeat the text of
Section 3.4 of RFC 3986 but explicitly exclude, and terminate
on, "??" as well as "#" and r-string would match that Section
3.4 text.

It could also be done more like:

      namestring    = assigned-name
                      [ q-component [r-component] ]
                      [ f-component ]
       q-component = "?" q-string
       r-component = "??" r-string

If anyone who thinks we should adopt r-components has a strong
preference among those alternatives, please say so, otherwise,
Peter and I will draw straws or equivalent.

Independent of the above, if we are going to adopt r-components,
we will need some text to describe them and some examples,
preferably real.  Peter and I can make that up, but suggestions
from WG participants who have thought deeply about this would be
much better.

   best,
    john


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Subject: Re: [urn] r-component syntax
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On 05/10/2015 03:27 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
> --On Sunday, May 10, 2015 10:50 -0800 Melinda Shore
> <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> There seems to be agreement on specifying a syntax for
>> r-components, largely as a defensive mechanism against
>> possible future bad behavior. Rather than specifying that
>> space as "reserved" it probably makes more sense, and is more
>> consistent with IETF practice, to distinguish between things
>> that are used as part of URN processing and things that are
>> opaque to URN processing and passed through without being
>> touched (thanks to John for providing some clarifying thoughts
>> on this).  Is there agreement on this?
> Melinda, thanks.
>
> As a shortcut to save a bit of time, I think that, if we decide
> to allow r-components, the syntax for in section 3 of 2141bis-11
> would change so that the changed productions would read:
>
>         q-component = "?" query [ "??" r-component ]
> 	       Note that <query> in the above cannot contain "??"
>         r-component = query
>
> That could also be done in a somewhat more complex way to
> eliminate the note, e.g., as
>
>         q-component = "?" q-string [ "??" r-component ]
>         r-component = r-string
>
> where the definition of q-string would repeat the text of
> Section 3.4 of RFC 3986 but explicitly exclude, and terminate
> on, "??" as well as "#" and r-string would match that Section
> 3.4 text.

I had two reasons for suggesting that r-component precede (appear to the 
left of) q-component:

1.  Doing so places no constrains on the contents of q-components. 
Granted that it's unlikely that there are many existing services that 
use "??" within a query, but it seemed safer to not assume that.

2.  Putting r-components first preserves the property of http[s] and I 
think most other URIs that components are processed left-to-right.   
With most URIs, query processing happens before fragment processing (the 
fragment might apply to the output that the service generates in 
response to the query).     With a URN, the r-component should be used 
first (during resolution), then the q-component (query sent to 
resource), then the f-component (fragment of result).


> Independent of the above, if we are going to adopt r-components,
> we will need some text to describe them and some examples,
> preferably real.  Peter and I can make that up, but suggestions
> from WG participants who have thought deeply about this would be
> much better.

Let me see what I can come up with.

Keith


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Date: Sun, 10 May 2015 19:38:33 -0400
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
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--On Sunday, May 10, 2015 17:37 -0400 Keith Moore
<moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:

> On 05/10/2015 03:27 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>> 
>> --On Sunday, May 10, 2015 10:50 -0800 Melinda Shore
>> <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
>> 
>>> There seems to be agreement on specifying a syntax for
>>> r-components, largely as a defensive mechanism against
>>> possible future bad behavior. Rather than specifying that
>>> space as "reserved" it probably makes more sense, and is more
>>> consistent with IETF practice, to distinguish between things
>>> that are used as part of URN processing and things that are
>>> opaque to URN processing and passed through without being
>>> touched (thanks to John for providing some clarifying
>>> thoughts on this).  Is there agreement on this?
>> Melinda, thanks.
>> 
>> As a shortcut to save a bit of time, I think that, if we
>> decide to allow r-components, the syntax for in section 3 of
>> 2141bis-11 would change so that the changed productions would
>> read:
>> 
>>         q-component = "?" query [ "??" r-component ]
>> 	       Note that <query> in the above cannot contain "??"
>>         r-component = query
>> 
>> That could also be done in a somewhat more complex way to
>> eliminate the note, e.g., as
>> 
>>         q-component = "?" q-string [ "??" r-component ]
>>         r-component = r-string
>> 
>> where the definition of q-string would repeat the text of
>> Section 3.4 of RFC 3986 but explicitly exclude, and terminate
>> on, "??" as well as "#" and r-string would match that Section
>> 3.4 text.
> 
> I had two reasons for suggesting that r-component precede
> (appear to the left of) q-component:

Hmm.  Glad I asked the question.

> 1.  Doing so places no constrains on the contents of
> q-components. Granted that it's unlikely that there are many
> existing services that use "??" within a query, but it seemed
> safer to not assume that.
> 
> 2.  Putting r-components first preserves the property of
> http[s] and I think most other URIs that components are
> processed left-to-right.   With most URIs, query processing
> happens before fragment processing (the fragment might apply
> to the output that the service generates in response to the
> query).     With a URN, the r-component should be used first
> (during resolution), then the q-component (query sent to
> resource), then the f-component (fragment of result).

With the understanding that I'm mostly agnostic (and, again,
speaking only for myself), the counterargument is that, if
r-component comes first, then it has to be terminated by "?" or
"#" and "?" cannot appear within it.  As an example, chosen
because I'm getting tired of Western European examples and ones
that rely on ISBNs or ISSN, but exposing my bias toward
name-value pairs, assume one was looking for an instance of an
object within, say, India, with the UK as a second choice,
wanted to identify an edition-style, and, if the object was
retrieved, ask about a particular chapter (or some there term),
so we might have

URN-processing info: ?location=IN,GB?Ed=Shakala?lang=hi-IN
Information to be passed to object or its processor:
?verse=X.71.1

Now, leaving the particular work as an exercise, with
r-component second, we would have:

 urn:....?verse=X.71.1??location=IN,GB?Ed=Shakala?lang=hi-IN

(noting that additional material in the q-component could just
use "?" as a delimiter), while r-component first would give us:

 urn:....??location=IN,GB%3FEd=Shakala%3Flang=hi-IN?verse=X.71.1

My rather extreme negative reaction to requiring the use of
%-encoding to achieve the basic structure of a URN (or other URI
string) was what initially sent me in quest of a way to
accomplish and identify both functions without lexical division
of one of the p-/q-/f-components into subcomponent fields and
then led me, instinctively, to r-component second.

I note that the underpinnings of the example above would lend
itself to non-ASCII characters in the NSS and/or p-component, so
%-encoding is likely, adding to the confusion if it is also
necessarily used to encode "?".

It is a tradeoff against your two arguments.  Personally, I find
it pretty persuasive because, (1) forcing r-components into
%-encoding in order to support embedded "?" seems like a far
worse constraint than forcing q-components into %-encoding if it
were necessary to embed "??" (or "#", etc.) and (2) while I
recognize the reality of the "processed from left to right"
convention that you identify, I couldn't quickly find that (as
distinct from "parsed from left to right") as a requirement
except in the context of the 3986 discussion of hierarchical
identifiers (Section 1.2.3) to which URNs are already exceptions
in several respects.


>> Independent of the above, if we are going to adopt
>> r-components, we will need some text to describe them and
>> some examples, preferably real.  Peter and I can make that
>> up, but suggestions from WG participants who have thought
>> deeply about this would be much better.
> 
> Let me see what I can come up with.

thanks.

    john


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On 05/10/2015 07:38 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>> I had two reasons for suggesting that r-component precede
>> (appear to the left of) q-component:
> Hmm.  Glad I asked the question.
>
>> 1.  Doing so places no constrains on the contents of
>> q-components. Granted that it's unlikely that there are many
>> existing services that use "??" within a query, but it seemed
>> safer to not assume that.
>>
>> 2.  Putting r-components first preserves the property of
>> http[s] and I think most other URIs that components are
>> processed left-to-right.   With most URIs, query processing
>> happens before fragment processing (the fragment might apply
>> to the output that the service generates in response to the
>> query).     With a URN, the r-component should be used first
>> (during resolution), then the q-component (query sent to
>> resource), then the f-component (fragment of result).

FWIW, I just remembered a 3rd reason for putting r-component to the left 
of q-component [*]:

3. Putting r-component to the left of q-component means that the 
portions of the URN that get fed to the resolution service are 
adjacent.    So it's conceivable that the portion of a URN fed to a 
resolution service is obtained by removing the q-component and f-component.

I said "conceivable" since my current thinking is that the application 
client actually has to know something about r-components.  E.g. if the 
content specifies an r-component of "u2r;revision=1.2" the client might 
need to know that it can satisfy a "u2r" request by finding a location 
using "u2l" and requesting the resource from that location.   Also, if 
the service request is not specified in an r-component, the client still 
needs to know what to request from the resolution service.   This 
doesn't make me entirely happy, as it is a less-than-clean separation 
between the resolution service and other client behavior, but it's what 
makes the most sense to me at the moment.

As ugly as %-encoding is, I don't think the requirement to encode '?' 
that appears in r-components is a huge problem, given that (as you point 
out) it's quite likely that non-ASCII characters will appear in 
r-components and they'll also need to be encoded.   Given the wide range 
of characters that require encoding that can reasonably appear in an 
r-component, what's the cost of having to encode 0x3f in addition to the 
rest?   But (for reasons which your example makes quite clear) neither 
would I recommend using '?' (encoded or otherwise) as a separator 
between portions (name-value-pairs or whatever) of an r-component.

I also like the idea of being able to copy a URN q-component to a URL 
query component, and a URN f-component to a URL fragment, without having 
to do any re-encoding (and I'm far from confident that these 
translations will only ever be needed in one direction).   I strongly 
suspect that if different encodings are used for queries vs. 
q-components and fragments vs. f-components that implementations will 
botch those translation steps and/or behave inconsistently from one another.

Regarding name-value pairs: I started out thinking that r-components 
should be name-value pairs.   My current thinking is that they're more 
like expressions in WHERE clauses (and some other portions) of SQL 
SELECT statements.   In other words, I think they're more likely to be 
constraints that are imposed on the result set rather than some named 
attributes.   You could of course still express such things with NVPs, e.g.

urn:example:foo:bar??svc=u2c;where=revision_date.gt.%2220140123%22.and.content_type.eq.%22text/plain%22;order=desc;order_by=revision_date;limit=10

but to me, NVPs don't look as useful in r-components as I originally 
assumed they would be.

(though it strikes me that the above example is so ugly, and things 
could easily get so much worse, that maybe we'd be better off encoding 
the entire r-component in base64)

Keith

[*]  To be clear, I didn't actually arrive at this preference using case 
analysis.   Putting r-component to the left just seemed right to me, 
then I saw what appeared to be several advantages of doing it that 
way.    There might be larger disadvantages that I haven't seen yet.


From nobody Mon May 25 11:15:09 2015
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From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
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Keith,

I've been delaying responding to this in the hope that someone
else would speak up.  But, with the exception of the two of us,
and Melinda, there has been only silence since her note asking
about agreement on 10 May.

In the hope that it will start a conversation, or at least
elicit some "doesn't matter to me, just decide and move on"
responses from others, a few comments about object order.  I've
trimmed most of the original notes. For those who need to go
back and review, see the messages on 10 May at 
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/urn/current/maillist.html 

My apologies in advance to anyone who does not want to get far
into parsing theory, etc.


--On Sunday, 10 May, 2015 20:27 -0400 Keith Moore
<moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:

> FWIW, I just remembered a 3rd reason for putting r-component
> to the left of q-component [*]:
> 
> 3. Putting r-component to the left of q-component means that
> the portions of the URN that get fed to the resolution service
> are adjacent.    So it's conceivable that the portion of a URN
> fed to a resolution service is obtained by removing the
> q-component and f-component.
> 
> I said "conceivable" since my current thinking is that the
> application client actually has to know something about
> r-components.  E.g. if the content specifies an r-component of
> "u2r;revision=1.2" the client might need to know that it can
> satisfy a "u2r" request by finding a location using "u2l" and
> requesting the resource from that location.   Also, if the
> service request is not specified in an r-component, the client
> still needs to know what to request from the resolution
> service.   This doesn't make me entirely happy, as it is a
> less-than-clean separation between the resolution service and
> other client behavior, but it's what makes the most sense to
> me at the moment.

To a considerable extent, we have gotten into a situation in
which, despite the "semantics separation" (aka "syntax only")
decision, we can't make the decisions that would be most natural
for URNs taken in isolation from [other] URIs.  That is, on
balance, ok, but what is driving it has been a lot of notions
and claims about real and hypothetical generic URI parsers,
including discussions of fragments existing separately from URIs
and having their own semantics whatever anyone else says, the
presence of "/" dragging us into relative references, and so on.
The one effort I know of to determine what is actually out there
and what it does (Sam Ruby's efforts that you and others might
have heard discussed on other lists) has not yielded a very
coherent picture and now, I understand, has been suspended
because the browser folks didn't seem to be very interested.

I think it is safe to say that, when one gets to the edge cases,
there is a lot of different behavior out there.  Whether that is
the result of carelessness or not being able to understand 3986
is obviously not the issue.

Absent Sam's results (and asking and answering questions I'm not
sure he has asked), I think it is far more likely that, 3986
aside, "??" first is going to trigger a syntax error in some
generic parser whose authors haven't imagined such things than
getting into the query having shut off any code that treats "?"
as special.

I don't know if it makes any difference in reality (see below),
but the distinction does affect the metalanguage.  If
r-component is to the right, we have

   <query> = <q-component> [ "??" <r-component> ]
where <q-component> is exactly an RFC 3986 <query> with the
restriction that <query-text> cannot contain a literal
appearance of "??" even though "?" is allowed.  That requires a
two-character look-ahead in the parser, but that should not be a
big deal these days.

By contrast, if it is to the left, we really cannot use the 3986
structure any more because 
    [...] ?? foo ? bar
makes "foo" an r-component and bar a <query> but
    [...] ? ? foo ? bar
make the <query> "? foo ? bar".   If one contemplates
error-prone constructions that could yield weird error messages,
that could be a winner.

However, to return to fundamentals, there are two ways to think
about URI parsing.  In one model, it is all hierarchical: the
generic URI parser separates scheme from everything else, passes
the whole business to a scheme specific parser and it does its
thing.  In the other, which has seemed to be the main focus, a
generic URI parser breaks things into designated bits and passes
those bits off to whatever needs to deal with them, presumably
pre-isolated.  In the latter case, it doesn't really make any
difference how things are organized in the URI string -- in
principle we could tag everything, put pieces in random order,
and then recombine the components after parsing -- as long as
the parsing process is plausible and unambiguous.   In
compiler-speak, the output of a generic parser is a parse tree
and "it is better for these things to come in that order in the
raw string" just are not significant as long as pieces of the
tree are passed off to other processors or other processors can
find their place in the tree.

None of that applies to what is (or ought to be) really
important, which is whether end users can make sense of any of
this.  But we know the answer to that question, with or without
r-components: users don't have much of a clue about the internal
structure of URIs and most of what they think they know is
wrong.  All of the esoteric arguments about the meaning of the
various provisions of 3986 just reinforce that few; I'll start
having hope for end users understanding the details and
implications of URI syntax the day I see a one-sheet
pocket-sized card that summarizes all of the relevant details
and does so accurately.   Whatever we do with a trick syntax
that introduces a delimiter (or delimiter sequence) that makes
more differentiation for URNs than is common for URIs is going
to make that problem worse.

>From that point of view, r-component first is probably going to
be a little more intuitive for some users, and a little less for
some others.  For some members of the first group, the case gets
stronger if they think about <fragments> as something separate
and aside from the URI (taking us back to the other argument).
For the others, this either doesn't make any difference (i.e.,
either it is confusing either way and one better get used to it
or URIs more complex than what 2141 permits are essentially
opaque and only a masochist is going to try to understand what
is going on internally.

> As ugly as %-encoding is, I don't think the requirement to
> encode '?' that appears in r-components is a huge problem,
> given that (as you point out) it's quite likely that non-ASCII
> characters will appear in r-components and they'll also need
> to be encoded.   Given the wide range of characters that
> require encoding that can reasonably appear in an r-component,
> what's the cost of having to encode 0x3f in addition to the
> rest?   But (for reasons which your example makes quite clear)
> neither would I recommend using '?' (encoded or otherwise) as
> a separator between portions (name-value-pairs or whatever) of
> an r-component.

While I don't like "ugly", I'm not nearly as worried about it as
I am about the potential of complete confusion about what the
rules are, especially because I believe that URNs are more
likely to actually be seen and typed by users than the typical
multi-line complex URL.   I had occasion last week to review the
discussions that were a major part of killing IRI work in the
IETF and it involved exactly the same issues we've been going
around on for months as well as more recent ones --
relationships between URIs and fragments; when %-encoding is
required, optional, or prohibited; and so on.   The IRI
experience, IMO, was less about the specifics of those
discussions than that they drove people away until there was
insufficient participation on the broader issues to get the work
done.  I think the desire to not repeat more of that discussion
--and suffer the same fate, which I think is a very real
possibility given participation on the list-- is a very strong
argument to avoid more cases of mandatory %-encoding.

> I also like the idea of being able to copy a URN q-component
> to a URL query component, and a URN f-component to a URL
> fragment, without having to do any re-encoding (and I'm far
> from confident that these translations will only ever be
> needed in one direction).   I strongly suspect that if
> different encodings are used for queries vs. q-components and
> fragments vs. f-components that implementations will botch
> those translation steps and/or behave inconsistently from one
> another.

While I agree with the principle you are suggesting, it is not
clear to me what is has to do with the "where does the
r-component go" discussion unless it is an argument for putting
it after the q-component.

> Regarding name-value pairs: I started out thinking that
> r-components should be name-value pairs.   My current thinking
> is that they're more like expressions in WHERE clauses (and
> some other portions) of SQL SELECT statements.   In other
> words, I think they're more likely to be constraints that are
> imposed on the result set rather than some named attributes.
> You could of course still express such things with NVPs, e.g.
> 
> urn:example:foo:bar??svc=u2c;where=revision_date.gt.%222014012
> 3%22.and.content_type.eq.%22text/plain%22;order=desc;order_by=
> revision_date;limit=10
> 
> but to me, NVPs don't look as useful in r-components as I
> originally assumed they would be.

I think the SQL analogy is pure speculation, that all of the
examples we've seen on the list have been much more amenable to
name-value pairs or other constructions (as is most existing
multiple-term query usage I've seen in URIs) and that mixing the
syntax of URIs (which, as suggested above, almost no end user
understands in detail) with SQL SELECT clauses (which probably
fewer end users actually understand) is a recipe for total
confusion.   In particular, I note that we've seen several real
examples where qualifying clauses are needed to distinguish
between "identify object and return information about it" and
"identify specific metadata and return their values".  And that
lends itself rather better to name-value pairs or something
similar than it does to SQL-like constructions, at least unless
the "target" of the URN is actually a relational database or
part of it.  I also note that SQL-like constructions are not
particularly well adapted to non-relational databases, e.g.,
hierarchical constructions and that we not only have a lot of
those around but some of them are built into URI design.

> (though it strikes me that the above example is so ugly, and
> things could easily get so much worse, that maybe we'd be
> better off encoding the entire r-component in base64)

Sigh.  And make the things totally incomprehensible to anything
resembling a user and, without a computer-based decoder, most
experts.

     john



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Subject: Re: [urn] r-component syntax
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On 5/25/15 12:14 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
> Keith,
>
> I've been delaying responding to this in the hope that someone
> else would speak up.  But, with the exception of the two of us,
> and Melinda, there has been only silence since her note asking
> about agreement on 10 May.
>
> In the hope that it will start a conversation, or at least
> elicit some "doesn't matter to me, just decide and move on"
> responses from others, a few comments about object order.  I've
> trimmed most of the original notes. For those who need to go
> back and review, see the messages on 10 May at
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/urn/current/maillist.html
>
> My apologies in advance to anyone who does not want to get far
> into parsing theory, etc.
>
>
> --On Sunday, 10 May, 2015 20:27 -0400 Keith Moore
> <moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:
>
>> FWIW, I just remembered a 3rd reason for putting r-component
>> to the left of q-component [*]:
>>
>> 3. Putting r-component to the left of q-component means that
>> the portions of the URN that get fed to the resolution service
>> are adjacent.    So it's conceivable that the portion of a URN
>> fed to a resolution service is obtained by removing the
>> q-component and f-component.
>>
>> I said "conceivable" since my current thinking is that the
>> application client actually has to know something about
>> r-components.  E.g. if the content specifies an r-component of
>> "u2r;revision=1.2" the client might need to know that it can
>> satisfy a "u2r" request by finding a location using "u2l" and
>> requesting the resource from that location.   Also, if the
>> service request is not specified in an r-component, the client
>> still needs to know what to request from the resolution
>> service.   This doesn't make me entirely happy, as it is a
>> less-than-clean separation between the resolution service and
>> other client behavior, but it's what makes the most sense to
>> me at the moment.
>
> To a considerable extent, we have gotten into a situation in
> which, despite the "semantics separation" (aka "syntax only")
> decision, we can't make the decisions that would be most natural
> for URNs taken in isolation from [other] URIs.  That is, on
> balance, ok, but what is driving it has been a lot of notions
> and claims about real and hypothetical generic URI parsers,
> including discussions of fragments existing separately from URIs
> and having their own semantics whatever anyone else says, the
> presence of "/" dragging us into relative references, and so on.
> The one effort I know of to determine what is actually out there
> and what it does (Sam Ruby's efforts that you and others might
> have heard discussed on other lists) has not yielded a very
> coherent picture and now, I understand, has been suspended
> because the browser folks didn't seem to be very interested.
>
> I think it is safe to say that, when one gets to the edge cases,
> there is a lot of different behavior out there.  Whether that is
> the result of carelessness or not being able to understand 3986
> is obviously not the issue.
>
> Absent Sam's results (and asking and answering questions I'm not
> sure he has asked), I think it is far more likely that, 3986
> aside, "??" first is going to trigger a syntax error in some
> generic parser whose authors haven't imagined such things than
> getting into the query having shut off any code that treats "?"
> as special.
>
> I don't know if it makes any difference in reality (see below),
> but the distinction does affect the metalanguage.  If
> r-component is to the right, we have
>
>     <query> = <q-component> [ "??" <r-component> ]
> where <q-component> is exactly an RFC 3986 <query> with the
> restriction that <query-text> cannot contain a literal
> appearance of "??" even though "?" is allowed.  That requires a
> two-character look-ahead in the parser, but that should not be a
> big deal these days.
>
> By contrast, if it is to the left, we really cannot use the 3986
> structure any more because
>      [...] ?? foo ? bar
> makes "foo" an r-component and bar a <query> but
>      [...] ? ? foo ? bar
> make the <query> "? foo ? bar".   If one contemplates
> error-prone constructions that could yield weird error messages,
> that could be a winner.
>
> However, to return to fundamentals, there are two ways to think
> about URI parsing.  In one model, it is all hierarchical: the
> generic URI parser separates scheme from everything else, passes
> the whole business to a scheme specific parser and it does its
> thing.  In the other, which has seemed to be the main focus, a
> generic URI parser breaks things into designated bits and passes
> those bits off to whatever needs to deal with them, presumably
> pre-isolated.  In the latter case, it doesn't really make any
> difference how things are organized in the URI string -- in
> principle we could tag everything, put pieces in random order,
> and then recombine the components after parsing -- as long as
> the parsing process is plausible and unambiguous.

+1

With that in mind, it seems to me that r-component to the right and 
q-component to the left would introduce less potential for ambiguity and 
thus is slightly preferable.

Peter

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Peter Saint-Andre
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Subject: Re: [urn] r-component syntax
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On 5/10/15 1:27 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Sunday, May 10, 2015 10:50 -0800 Melinda Shore
> <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
>
>> There seems to be agreement on specifying a syntax for
>> r-components, largely as a defensive mechanism against
>> possible future bad behavior. Rather than specifying that
>> space as "reserved" it probably makes more sense, and is more
>> consistent with IETF practice, to distinguish between things
>> that are used as part of URN processing and things that are
>> opaque to URN processing and passed through without being
>> touched (thanks to John for providing some clarifying thoughts
>> on this).  Is there agreement on this?
>
> Melinda, thanks.
>
> As a shortcut to save a bit of time, I think that, if we decide
> to allow r-components, the syntax for in section 3 of 2141bis-11
> would change so that the changed productions would read:
>
>         q-component = "?" query [ "??" r-component ]
> 	       Note that <query> in the above cannot contain "??"
>         r-component = query
>
> That could also be done in a somewhat more complex way to
> eliminate the note, e.g., as
>
>         q-component = "?" q-string [ "??" r-component ]
>         r-component = r-string
>
> where the definition of q-string would repeat the text of
> Section 3.4 of RFC 3986 but explicitly exclude, and terminate
> on, "??" as well as "#" and r-string would match that Section
> 3.4 text.
>
> It could also be done more like:
>
>        namestring    = assigned-name
>                        [ q-component [r-component] ]
>                        [ f-component ]
>         q-component = "?" q-string
>         r-component = "??" r-string
>
> If anyone who thinks we should adopt r-components has a strong
> preference among those alternatives, please say so, otherwise,
> Peter and I will draw straws or equivalent.

I prefer the latter - it feels more readable.

> Independent of the above, if we are going to adopt r-components,
> we will need some text to describe them and some examples,
> preferably real.  Peter and I can make that up, but suggestions
> from WG participants who have thought deeply about this would be
> much better.

Yes, text and examples would be appreciated. (Although any examples are 
quite speculative at this point.)

Peter

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On 4/16/15 6:28 AM, Keith Moore wrote:
> On 04/15/2015 11:02 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>>> Perhaps the simplest and clearest response that I can offer is that I
>>> don't care what the label is ("Expert Review" vs "IETF Consensus" or
>>> whatever), so much as I care that there be an opportunity for public
>>> review.   If the process specified for "Expert Review" requires that
>>> there be public review, that the opportunity for review is advertised in
>>> IETF and other appropriate fora, and especially if we can somehow
>>> arrange that the "expert(s)" considering the results of that public
>>> review really do understand the subtleties of URNs (admitting that this
>>> is really difficult), I'm okay with that and think it's about the best
>>> that we can do. It's potentially even better than "IETF Consensus"
>>> because while that does require public review, nothing about the process
>>> for choosing Area Directors ensures that IESG will have URN expertise.
>>>
>>> So I'll be very interested to read -11's text on this subject.
>>
>> Even before version -11, 2141bis (and before that 3406) stipulated
>> that discussion was to occur on the urn-nid@ietf.org list. I would
>> prefer that we deprecate the urn-nid list and have discussion on this
>> list, but in any case, yes, public review is very much part of the
>> process.
>
> Given the apparently small number of active participants on this list,
> I'm not sure that's the best way to ensure wide review among the
> communities who would be most concerned with maintaining URN sanity.   I
> realize that having narrowly-focused but yet mostly-unmoderated mailing
> lists that can occasionally blow up is the IETF Way, but there might be
> some parties who would just like to get something similar to Last Call
> announcements for URN namespaces without having to subject themselves to
> arbitrary amounts of email traffic.  Even within IETF, there seems to be
> a set of people who are interested in and knowledgeable about URNs who
> don't participate on this list.
>
> Maybe there could be two lists, urn-announce and urn-discuss? (perhaps
> this list could serve the latter role)   urn-announce traffic could be
> forwarded to urn-discuss, but not vice versa?   Any announcements of
> proposed URN changes could be sent to urn-announce but would request
> that responses be sent directly to the expert(s) evaluating the proposal
> rather than as replies to the urn-announce list.

In the interest of reducing complexity, I would prefer to have one list 
and to have it be this list (urn@ietf.org).

> (Also, the comment period should last long enough that any organization
> that cares would have time to discuss things within its membership and
> form its own opinion, which probably means a comment period should last
> considerably longer than a month.)

Right now, draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn has no time limit on reviews 
(RFC 3406 said it was 2 weeks). It might be best to say that the expert 
reviewers need to reply within 2 weeks, not that all discussion needs to 
be completed in 2 weeks (which is unrealistic anyway).

Peter

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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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On 4/30/15 11:23 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> For reference, the current (-11) text of section 7.3.6:
>
> 7.3.6.  Resolution
>
>     The "Resolution" section MUST specify whether resolution mechanisms
>     are supported or anticipated for URNs assigned within the namespace,
>     and if so SHOULD specify or reference the rules governing those
>     mechanisms.
>
>     In particular, if resolution is anticipated and resolver registration
>     of some kind is required, for example via a Resolution Discovery
>     System [RFC2276], this section SHOULD list the requirements for
>     becoming a recognized resolver of URNs in the relevant namespace.
>
> I believe this section needs work for multiple reasons:
>
>   * resolution is, fundamentally, not a per-namespace operation. A
>     namespace can support a resolution service for URNs that it assigns
>     if it chooses to do so (and it will likely have high quality
>     information), but any other party can also provide a service to look
>     up URNs from any namespace.   Tying resolution services to any
>     specific party degrades the persistence of URNs, because a URN
>     should remain valid and potentially resolvable even if its namespace
>     (or the organization operating it) ceases to exist, or even if its
>     namespace imposes barriers to use of its resolution services.

URNs from many NIDs are not intended to be resolvable at all, i.e., they 
are what we have termed "abstract designators". Most or all of the URNs 
used as XML namespace names are abstract designators.

>   * Rules for resolution should not be namespace-specific, because this
>     discourages general-purpose resolution services.   (A namespace can
>     of course recommend specific resolution services and/or specific
>     protocols for use with those services, but this section is worded as
>     if resolution itself were some sort of fundamentally
>     namespace-specific operation)
>
> Here's a stab at alternate text:
>
> 7.3.6. Resolution
>
>     The "Resolution" section is optional.

It seems safer for all sections of the template to be mandatory. If no 
resolution is envisioned (primarily because the URNs for a given 
namespace are intended to be abstract designators), then it's good to 
make that explicit here.

> If included, it SHOULD
> specify whether the namespace intends to operate or recommend any
> resolution services for URNs using that namespace.

I don't think a namespace can operate a resolution service! :-) But I 
suppose you meant something like "the organization responsible for a 
namespace".

>  In addition, if the
> namespace intends to implement registration for publicly-advertised
> resolution services (for example using a system like that described in
> [RFC2276]) the Resolution section SHOULD list the requirements for being
> publicly-advertised using that mechanism.

I think that's acceptable. I know Leslie is concerned about rogue 
resolution services, but if the organization that assigns URNs in a 
namespace is able to specify its requirements for appropriate resolution 
of those URNs, then we have some mechanism for determining if a service 
is resolving those URNs in a way that is consistent with the assigning 
organization's intent.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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On 5/26/15 5:09 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
> On 4/30/15 11:23 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>> For reference, the current (-11) text of section 7.3.6:
>>
>> 7.3.6.  Resolution
>>
>>     The "Resolution" section MUST specify whether resolution mechanisms
>>     are supported or anticipated for URNs assigned within the namespace,
>>     and if so SHOULD specify or reference the rules governing those
>>     mechanisms.
>>
>>     In particular, if resolution is anticipated and resolver registration
>>     of some kind is required, for example via a Resolution Discovery
>>     System [RFC2276], this section SHOULD list the requirements for
>>     becoming a recognized resolver of URNs in the relevant namespace.
>>
>> I believe this section needs work for multiple reasons:
>>
>>   * resolution is, fundamentally, not a per-namespace operation. A
>>     namespace can support a resolution service for URNs that it assigns
>>     if it chooses to do so (and it will likely have high quality
>>     information), but any other party can also provide a service to look
>>     up URNs from any namespace.   Tying resolution services to any
>>     specific party degrades the persistence of URNs, because a URN
>>     should remain valid and potentially resolvable even if its namespace
>>     (or the organization operating it) ceases to exist, or even if its
>>     namespace imposes barriers to use of its resolution services.
>
> URNs from many NIDs are not intended to be resolvable at all, i.e., they
> are what we have termed "abstract designators". Most or all of the URNs
> used as XML namespace names are abstract designators.
>
>>   * Rules for resolution should not be namespace-specific, because this
>>     discourages general-purpose resolution services.   (A namespace can
>>     of course recommend specific resolution services and/or specific
>>     protocols for use with those services, but this section is worded as
>>     if resolution itself were some sort of fundamentally
>>     namespace-specific operation)
>>
>> Here's a stab at alternate text:
>>
>> 7.3.6. Resolution
>>
>>     The "Resolution" section is optional.
>
> It seems safer for all sections of the template to be mandatory. If no
> resolution is envisioned (primarily because the URNs for a given
> namespace are intended to be abstract designators), then it's good to
> make that explicit here.
>
>> If included, it SHOULD
>> specify whether the namespace intends to operate or recommend any
>> resolution services for URNs using that namespace.
>
> I don't think a namespace can operate a resolution service! :-) But I
> suppose you meant something like "the organization responsible for a
> namespace".
>
>>  In addition, if the
>> namespace intends to implement registration for publicly-advertised
>> resolution services (for example using a system like that described in
>> [RFC2276]) the Resolution section SHOULD list the requirements for being
>> publicly-advertised using that mechanism.
>
> I think that's acceptable. I know Leslie is concerned about rogue
> resolution services, but if the organization that assigns URNs in a
> namespace is able to specify its requirements for appropriate resolution
> of those URNs, then we have some mechanism for determining if a service
> is resolving those URNs in a way that is consistent with the assigning
> organization's intent.

I propose the following text:

    The "Resolution" section MUST specify whether resolution mechanisms
    are intended or anticipated for URNs assigned within the namespace
    (e.g., URNs within some namespaces are intended to act as abstract
    designators and thus are not intended to be resolved).

    If resolution is intended, then this section SHOULD specify whether
    the organization that assigns URNs within the namespace intends to
    operate or recommend any resolution services for URNs within that
    namespace.  In addition, if the assigning organization intends to
    implement registration for publicly advertised resolution services
    (for example using a system like that described in [RFC2276]), then
    this section SHOULD list or reference the requirements for being
    publicly advertised by the assigning organization.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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Subject: Re: [urn] Comments on draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-10
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On 4/17/15 10:01 AM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>
> Coming back to this -- I do think that resolves a major issue in the
> document.  Re-reading the March 31 document this morning, it struck me
> that it doesn't define what an NSS is.
>
> There is verbiage about what an NSS is not. [1]  In the example
> discussed, the NSS is "".
>
> In RFC2141, the NSS *is* the identifier.  It must be unique and
> persistent in its identification of a resource.   Which is a bit
> ridiculous for "".  If the document was updated as proposed here, I
> would think it would be appropriate to have guidance about
> "assigned-name" being the identifier alluded to in:
>
>
>  > A URN namespace is a collection of identifiers that obey three
>  > constraints.  Such a namespace is (1) unique, (2) assigned in a
>  > consistent way, and (3) assigned according to a common definition.

That's a good point. I'll strive to make that a bit clearer in the next 
version. (I'm now holding the pen for -12.)

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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Subject: Re: [urn] Re-examining p-components (and "/", hierarchy, and relative references)
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On 4/17/15 10:01 AM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>
>
> I think this is a rational, if hypothetical, reason for p-components,
> and my requirement would be for the document to be clear about the use:
>
>> For those namespaces that need additional qualification (beyond
>> the traditional NSS) that still participates in equality
>> checking, that has so far left p-components as the only logical
>> option.  Perhaps there is some other syntax that would do the
>> job --a hypothetical X-component -- but, so far, no one has
>> proposed one and the logic of 3986 is such that I think we can
>> expect any such syntax proposal to produce cries of pain about
>> generic URI parsers and related topics.
>
>
> IMO, that can be achieved by being clear about what the NSS is, assert
> that relative URNs are not expected/permitted, and attest that "/"
> should not be used in a URN simply because one is importing a namespace
> that happens to use them and it's a matter of syntactic convenience not
> to escape them with %-encoding.

How is this for proposed text?

    The namespace specific string (NSS) is a unique identifier that is
    assigned in a consistent way and that conforms to the definition of
    the relevant namespace.  The combination of the NID (unique across
    the entire "urn" scheme) and the NSS (unique within the namespace)
    ensures that the resulting URN is a globally unique URI.

    This document modifies the syntax of the NSS to allow the following
    characters: "/", "~", and "&".

    In particular, allowing the "/" character effectively makes it
    possible to encapsulate hierarchical identifiers from other naming
    systems.  For instance, consider the hypothetical example of a
    hierarchical naming system in which the identifiers take the form of
    a series of numbers separated by the "/" character, such as "1/406/
    47452/2".  If the naming authority for such identifiers were to use
    URNs, it would be natural to place the existing identifiers in the
    NSS, resulting in URNs such as "urn:example:1/406/47452/2".
    Nevertheless, it is not appropriate the "/" character be used in a
    URN merely because the URN namespace is importing a naming system
    that happens to use the character; it is simply a matter of syntactic
    convenience not to escape the character with percent-encoding.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
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Subject: Re: [urn] Why bother with f-components (fragments) and/or p-components ?
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On 4/21/15 3:19 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> On 04/21/2015 12:32 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>
>> [Apologies for delayed/lost e-mail -- mail server issues. ]
>>
>> In-line...
>>
>> On 4/17/15 8:05 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>>> On 04/17/2015 05:27 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>>> Hi,
>>>>
>>>> Thinking through the r-component idea a bit...   I think your
>>>> argumentation for r-components is pretty compelling, especially as we
>>>> work to make clear why f-components don't fit that particular bill.
>>>> However, I am more than a little concerned about getting too complex
>>>> and bolting stuff on at this point.
>>>>
>>>> I won't argue that DDDS has been used for just about everything
>>>> *except* providing the standard for URN resolution, but in working it
>>>> out we I'm sure you recall we did did actually talk through
>>>> "resolution services" (for ease of reference for anyone who missed it
>>>> -- https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2483).
>>>>
>>>> Again, not quite what you are describing now (I read you to be
>>>> thinking more about parameters one would send, not services one would
>>>> request), but perhaps enough to illustrate that there is a whole farm
>>>> of things one might wish to consider if one stops and thinks about
>>>> using URNs in action.
>>>>
>>>> I think pursuing r-components as part of this document would slow this
>>>> one down a fair bit.
>>>>
>>>> Is there a way to leave enough of a hook in the syntax to pursue
>>>> r-component as a separate document?  (BTW...  does "??" actually fly
>>>> with URI syntax, or wouldn't the 2nd "?" be part of the q-component?).
>>>
>>> "Leaving [just] enough of a hook" is exactly what I want to do in this
>>> document.  I think that means:  (a) define the syntax for URNs including
>>> that of r-components, (b) explain the role of r-components in URN
>>> resolution, and (c) set up an IANA registry of r-component names and
>>> values.   Maybe also (d) explain how this is syntax compatible with
>>> 3986.  I think that's about enough for 2141bis.
>>>
>>
>> I think that's considerably more than a hook, it's in danger of being
>> a fishing expedition.
>>
>> I might support (a) and (b), (d) is a requirement, but (c) is a real
>> reach unless or until there's  (electronic) ink on (digital) paper for
>> where to go with this idea, as a general idea, with consensus support.
>>
>> Otherwise -- it's one person's great idea, and if you don't happen to
>> finish writing it down, someone else will come along in a decade and
>> fill it in very differently than anything you might ever have thought
>> of (or that we, collectively, might have agreed to).
>
> It's reasonable to want to look at actual text.   And we've certainly
> seen a lot of examples of people coming along in a decade and filling in
> things very differently than originally conceived, in this space.
>
> Of course it's not the registry which is difficult to set up, it's the
> rules for what can go in the registry.

I agree with Leslie that a registry of r-component name-value pairs is 
way out of scope for now - even establishing the registry. Let some 
future (resolution-specific) document do that, if it's even needed.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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Subject: Re: [urn] Why bother with f-components (fragments) and/or p-components ?
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On 05/26/2015 11:01 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
> I agree with Leslie that a registry of r-component name-value pairs is 
> way out of scope for now - even establishing the registry. Let some 
> future (resolution-specific) document do that, if it's even needed.
So in other words, it's perfectly okay to have no interoperability for 
the meaning of r-components?

Keith


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On 5/26/15 9:06 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> On 05/26/2015 11:01 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>> I agree with Leslie that a registry of r-component name-value pairs is
>> way out of scope for now - even establishing the registry. Let some
>> future (resolution-specific) document do that, if it's even needed.
> So in other words, it's perfectly okay to have no interoperability for
> the meaning of r-components?

Just as I am not opposed to motherhood and apple pie, I am also not 
opposed to interoperability. However, we don't know anything about 
r-components. They're a hook. How can we start defining name-value pairs 
for services that are themselves undefined?

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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From: Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>
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Subject: Re: [urn] II -- fragments and queries Re: suggested text changes for -12 on p-components, f- and q-components in URN resolution, and relative references
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On 4/28/15 8:59 AM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>
> I've been chewing on the proposed f-component and q-component text.

Me too. I will chew on it further and try to formulate even clearer text 
based on what Keith has so helpfully proposed.

> I
> think we need to be clear(er) about the overall concept:  how do
> fragments and queries fit with instance-independent naming of resources?
>    I think it was, indeed, progress to focus on their use as applied to
> resolution to content (via URN or URL), but I don't think the concept of
> composing parts is quite captured in the proposed text.

Could you perhaps describe a bit more what you mean by "the concept of 
composing parts"?

> It reads as a
> bunch of complex rules, from which people might (or might not) derive a
> shared concept.

Agreed that the shared concept is key here.

> Example:  If I have a URN for a particular article, that could resolve
> to a URL or a URL for a book with a fragment ID for the article's
> position within the book.   Suppose the f-component on the URN is for a
> particular section of the article.  By the rules outlined below, that
> resolves correctly IFF the resolution process goes for content or gets a
> URL that is undecorated by fragments.

That's not good.

> Leslie.
>
> On 4/23/15 2:02 AM, Keith Moore wrote:

<snip/>

>> (new section.  note: text in brackets/italics about r-components should
>> only be included if r-component proposal is adopted)
>>
>> TBD.A. Use of f- and q-components in URN resolution
>>
>> Since a URN, by design, does not contain either explicitly or implicitly
>> the name or address of a network service which can be used to access the
>> resource named by the URN, an application wishing to access that
>> resource must somehow discover one or more "resolution services" which
>> can, given the URN, either provide the resource content directly, or
>> provide information to the application to enable it to access the
>> resource.
>>
>> Though f- and q-components may appear in a URN, they are not assigned or
>> managed by the URN namespace, but instead evaluated in the context of
>> the named resource.   Specifically, an f-component of a URN refers to a
>> "fragment" of the resource named by the URN, and a q-component of a URN
>> is used to specify a "query" to be evaluated by the resource named by
>> the URN.   This convention ensures consistent use of these components
>> across all URN namespaces, and preserves the ability to reference
>> "fragments" of resources named by URNs that have fragments, and to
>> specify "queries" with resources named by URNs that support queries.
>> In order to preserve this ability, f-components and q-components MUST
>> NOT be transmitted to a URN resolution service except when that service
>> is being requested to provide direct access (or access via proxy) to the
>> resource itself.   For all other requests, the client MUST transmit only
>> the "assigned-part" of a URN /[ along with any r-component//, if
>> specified ]/ to the URN resolution service.
>>
>> A resolution service processing a request for a URN MUST ignore any
>> f-component or q-component of that URN unless the request is to provide
>> direct access (or access via proxy) to the named resource.   If the
>> request is to provide access to the named resource (as opposed to, say,
>> resource locations or resource metadata), the resolution service MUST
>> ignore the f-component of the URN and SHOULD (if possible) process the
>> q-component as if it were a query transmitted to the resource, returning
>> the resource's response to that query.  If the resolution service cannot
>> provide the requested access to the resource, but instead returns
>> resource locations, the f-component and q-component of the request URN
>> MUST be ignored in determining these locations, and MUST NOT be included
>> as fragment and query (respectively) in the returned locations.
>>
>> These rules are intended to impose a layer separation between the URN
>> resolution service and the content, and to discourage the URN resolution
>> service from returning different results depending on the presence of f-
>> and/or q-components in the request.
>>
>> If the resource named by a URN that contains an f- and/or q-component is
>> accessed via an intermediate URI (other than a URN) obtained from a
>> resolution service, and that intermediate URI contains neither a
>> fragment nor a query, the q-component (if present) is appended to the
>> intermediate URI as a query, and the f-component (if present) is
>> appended to the intermediate URI as a fragment (in that order).  The
>> resulting URI is then processed according to RFC 3986.
>>
>> Example: If the URN urn:example:foo?bar#zot appears in a link, the
>> client application might transmit the assigned-part of that URN
>> (urn:example:foo) to a resolution service with a request for resource
>> locations.   The resolution service might then return the intermediate
>> URI http://example.com/whatnot/xyzzy as one of those locations.   The
>> client would then append ?bar#zot to that intermediate URI producing
>> http://example.com/whatnot/xyzzy?bar#zot .   This URI would then be
>> processed per normal RFC 3986 rules.
>>
>> A resolution service MAY return an intermediate URI which contains a
>> fragment and/or a query.   If the intermediate URI contains a fragment
>> or a query, any f- or q-component from the URN is ignored.   (This
>> situation is basically no different than anyone composing a URI from a
>> base URI plus a fragment and/or query without being aware of what
>> fragments and/or queries are valid in the context of the named
>> resource.   Any user or document author may combine URIs with arbitrary
>> queries and/or fragments, but that doesn't mean that the results will do
>> what the user or author intended.)
>>
>> Example: If the URN urn:example:foo?bar#zot appeared in a link, a
>> resolution service might be requested to return locations of the URN
>> urn:example:foo .  If such a service returned an intermediate URI
>> http://example.com/whatnot/xyzzy?abcde , neither the q-component ?bar
>> nor the f-component #zot would be appended to the intermediate URI
>> before processing it.
>>
>> If the content of a resource named by a URN containing an f-component is
>> obtained directly from a resolution service, the f-component SHOULD be
>> treated as a "fragment" and evaluated with respect to that content, just
>> as if the content had been obtained from any other service.



-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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On 05/26/2015 07:17 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>
> I propose the following text:
>
>    The "Resolution" section MUST specify whether resolution mechanisms
>    are intended or anticipated for URNs assigned within the namespace
>    (e.g., URNs within some namespaces are intended to act as abstract
>    designators and thus are not intended to be resolved).
>
>    If resolution is intended, then this section SHOULD specify whether
>    the organization that assigns URNs within the namespace intends to
>    operate or recommend any resolution services for URNs within that
>    namespace.  In addition, if the assigning organization intends to
>    implement registration for publicly advertised resolution services
>    (for example using a system like that described in [RFC2276]), then
>    this section SHOULD list or reference the requirements for being
>    publicly advertised by the assigning organization. 

Mumble.

1. I agree that a URN namespace* that assigns its URNs only for use as 
"abstract designators" rather than as resource names should state this 
in the namespace registration.

<rant>
IMO, such URN namespaces should never have been granted; this was and is 
a misuse of URNs.  But that water has long since passed under the bridge 
at least for some existing namespaces.   The only reason that I think 
this is useful to have in the namespace registration is that a 
namespace* that only intends that its URNs be used as "abstract 
designators" is unlikely to exercise any control whatsoever about the 
association of such names with resources, so the URNs that they assign 
really aren't usable as persistent resource names.   In effect, putting 
this flag in the namespace registration is equivalent to saying 
"Warning: these are not really URNs."   Because Uniform Resource Names 
really were intended to be Resource Names, not merely "abstract 
designators" no matter how widely URNs have been misused for the latter.
</rant>

2. I also agree that a namespace* that intends to operate or recommend 
any resolution services should state this in its namespace registration.

What I don't think is appropriate is for the registration to specify 
whether resolution mechanisms are "intended or anticipated", since 
that's really not up to the namespace*.

So what I would propose is to not put the first question in the 
Resolution section, but to have a separate question for that:

     Are all of the URNs assigned (currently or in the future) under this
     namespace intended exclusively for use as "abstract designators",
     that is, never as names of actual resources?  (yes or no)

Then the Resolution section text would look something like this:

     If the URNs assigned under this namespace are intended exclusively
     for use as "abstract designators" this section should read "Not 
Applicable".

     If any of the URNs assigned under this namespace are intended for 
use as
     resource names, the Resolution section SHOULD specify
     whether the assigning organization intends to operate or
     recommend any resolution services for URNs within that
     namespace.  In addition, if the assigning organization intends to
     implement registration for publicly advertised resolution services
     (for example using a system like that described in [RFC2276]), then
     this section SHOULD list or reference the requirements for being
     publicly advertised by the assigning organization.

Keith

* almost but not quite a shorthand for "organization operating a 
namespace" - since the rules for operating the namespace should continue 
to apply even if the organization changes.


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Subject: Re: [urn] Why bother with f-components (fragments) and/or p-components ?
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On 05/26/2015 11:18 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
> On 5/26/15 9:06 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>> On 05/26/2015 11:01 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>>> I agree with Leslie that a registry of r-component name-value pairs is
>>> way out of scope for now - even establishing the registry. Let some
>>> future (resolution-specific) document do that, if it's even needed.
>> So in other words, it's perfectly okay to have no interoperability for
>> the meaning of r-components?
>
> Just as I am not opposed to motherhood and apple pie, I am also not 
> opposed to interoperability. However, we don't know anything about 
> r-components. They're a hook. How can we start defining name-value 
> pairs for services that are themselves undefined?

An empty registry is better than no registry at all.   Either that or we 
define the r-component syntax but reserve its actual use for a future 
standards-track document.   Based on past experience, I actually think 
the latter is riskier - i.e. r-components are more likely to be used in 
ways that are undocumented and/or non-interoperable if we require 
standards-track than if we simply have a registry.

Then again, I strongly believe that restricting r-components to 
name-value pairs is also a bad idea.

Keith


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Subject: Re: [urn] Why bother with f-components (fragments) and/or p-components ?
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On 5/26/15 9:35 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> On 05/26/2015 11:18 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>> On 5/26/15 9:06 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>>> On 05/26/2015 11:01 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>>>> I agree with Leslie that a registry of r-component name-value pairs is
>>>> way out of scope for now - even establishing the registry. Let some
>>>> future (resolution-specific) document do that, if it's even needed.
>>> So in other words, it's perfectly okay to have no interoperability for
>>> the meaning of r-components?
>>
>> Just as I am not opposed to motherhood and apple pie, I am also not
>> opposed to interoperability. However, we don't know anything about
>> r-components. They're a hook. How can we start defining name-value
>> pairs for services that are themselves undefined?
>
> An empty registry is better than no registry at all.   Either that or we
> define the r-component syntax but reserve its actual use for a future
> standards-track document.   Based on past experience, I actually think
> the latter is riskier - i.e. r-components are more likely to be used in
> ways that are undocumented and/or non-interoperable if we require
> standards-track than if we simply have a registry.

The way I see it, the URI specification and the HTTP specification don't 
define a registry of name-value pairs for the query component in HTTP. 
Instead, the query component is used in a highly flexible manner and 
each service that offers access via HTTP has its own API for interacting 
with the service. In the world of web services, we don't have 
interoperability across all services, but we don't need to do so as long 
as each service has a well-defined API. I don't quite understand why a 
similar regime would not work for URNs.

> Then again, I strongly believe that restricting r-components to
> name-value pairs is also a bad idea.

I'm confused. In a message earlier in this thread, you said:

    "Leaving [just] enough of a hook" is exactly what I want to do
    in this document.  I think that means:  (a) define the syntax for
    URNs including that of r-components, (b) explain the role of
    r-components in URN resolution, and (c) set up an IANA registry of
    r-component names and values.   Maybe also (d) explain how this is
    syntax compatible with 3986.  I think that's about enough for
    2141bis.

I thought that by suggesting a registry of names and values, you were 
suggesting that r-components would include name-value pairs.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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On 5/26/15 9:30 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> On 05/26/2015 07:17 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>>
>> I propose the following text:
>>
>>    The "Resolution" section MUST specify whether resolution mechanisms
>>    are intended or anticipated for URNs assigned within the namespace
>>    (e.g., URNs within some namespaces are intended to act as abstract
>>    designators and thus are not intended to be resolved).
>>
>>    If resolution is intended, then this section SHOULD specify whether
>>    the organization that assigns URNs within the namespace intends to
>>    operate or recommend any resolution services for URNs within that
>>    namespace.  In addition, if the assigning organization intends to
>>    implement registration for publicly advertised resolution services
>>    (for example using a system like that described in [RFC2276]), then
>>    this section SHOULD list or reference the requirements for being
>>    publicly advertised by the assigning organization.
>
> Mumble.
>
> 1. I agree that a URN namespace* that assigns its URNs only for use as
> "abstract designators" rather than as resource names should state this
> in the namespace registration.
>
> <rant>
> IMO, such URN namespaces should never have been granted; this was and is
> a misuse of URNs.  But that water has long since passed under the bridge
> at least for some existing namespaces.   The only reason that I think
> this is useful to have in the namespace registration is that a
> namespace* that only intends that its URNs be used as "abstract
> designators" is unlikely to exercise any control whatsoever about the
> association of such names with resources, so the URNs that they assign
> really aren't usable as persistent resource names.   In effect, putting
> this flag in the namespace registration is equivalent to saying
> "Warning: these are not really URNs."   Because Uniform Resource Names
> really were intended to be Resource Names, not merely "abstract
> designators" no matter how widely URNs have been misused for the latter.
> </rant>

I would hazard that a preponderance of the formal namespaces approved so 
far exist for the purpose of assigning abstract designators:

http://www.iana.org/assignments/urn-namespaces/urn-namespaces.xhtml

Thus tilting at that particular windmill strikes me as futile.

> 2. I also agree that a namespace* that intends to operate or recommend
> any resolution services should state this in its namespace registration.
>
> What I don't think is appropriate is for the registration to specify
> whether resolution mechanisms are "intended or anticipated", since
> that's really not up to the namespace*.

Well, it is, but see below.

> So what I would propose is to not put the first question in the
> Resolution section, but to have a separate question for that:
>
>      Are all of the URNs assigned (currently or in the future) under this
>      namespace intended exclusively for use as "abstract designators",
>      that is, never as names of actual resources?  (yes or no)

Fair enough - that's another way to ask the question about intentions.

(BTW in -12 we'll have some text that attempts to define the concept of 
"abstract designator" more clearly.)

> Then the Resolution section text would look something like this:
>
>      If the URNs assigned under this namespace are intended exclusively
>      for use as "abstract designators" this section should read "Not
> Applicable".
>
>      If any of the URNs assigned under this namespace are intended for
> use as
>      resource names, the Resolution section SHOULD specify
>      whether the assigning organization intends to operate or
>      recommend any resolution services for URNs within that
>      namespace.  In addition, if the assigning organization intends to
>      implement registration for publicly advertised resolution services
>      (for example using a system like that described in [RFC2276]), then
>      this section SHOULD list or reference the requirements for being
>      publicly advertised by the assigning organization.

WFM.

> * almost but not quite a shorthand for "organization operating a
> namespace" - since the rules for operating the namespace should continue
> to apply even if the organization changes.

Right, it's the rules that matter - the rules define the namespace and 
the assigning organiation follows the rules. Or so we hope. :-)

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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On 05/26/2015 11:53 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
> On 5/26/15 9:30 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>> On 05/26/2015 07:17 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>>>
>>> I propose the following text:
>>>
>>>    The "Resolution" section MUST specify whether resolution mechanisms
>>>    are intended or anticipated for URNs assigned within the namespace
>>>    (e.g., URNs within some namespaces are intended to act as abstract
>>>    designators and thus are not intended to be resolved).
>>>
>>>    If resolution is intended, then this section SHOULD specify whether
>>>    the organization that assigns URNs within the namespace intends to
>>>    operate or recommend any resolution services for URNs within that
>>>    namespace.  In addition, if the assigning organization intends to
>>>    implement registration for publicly advertised resolution services
>>>    (for example using a system like that described in [RFC2276]), then
>>>    this section SHOULD list or reference the requirements for being
>>>    publicly advertised by the assigning organization.
>>
>> Mumble.
>>
>> 1. I agree that a URN namespace* that assigns its URNs only for use as
>> "abstract designators" rather than as resource names should state this
>> in the namespace registration.
>>
>> <rant>
>> IMO, such URN namespaces should never have been granted; this was and is
>> a misuse of URNs.  But that water has long since passed under the bridge
>> at least for some existing namespaces.   The only reason that I think
>> this is useful to have in the namespace registration is that a
>> namespace* that only intends that its URNs be used as "abstract
>> designators" is unlikely to exercise any control whatsoever about the
>> association of such names with resources, so the URNs that they assign
>> really aren't usable as persistent resource names.   In effect, putting
>> this flag in the namespace registration is equivalent to saying
>> "Warning: these are not really URNs."   Because Uniform Resource Names
>> really were intended to be Resource Names, not merely "abstract
>> designators" no matter how widely URNs have been misused for the latter.
>> </rant>
>
> I would hazard that a preponderance of the formal namespaces approved 
> so far exist for the purpose of assigning abstract designators:
>
> http://www.iana.org/assignments/urn-namespaces/urn-namespaces.xhtml
>
> Thus tilting at that particular windmill strikes me as futile.

Those namespaces would be mostly harmless, except that people keep 
making assumptions about how URNs are supposed to work based on those 
mistakes.

>
>> 2. I also agree that a namespace* that intends to operate or recommend
>> any resolution services should state this in its namespace registration.
>>
>> What I don't think is appropriate is for the registration to specify
>> whether resolution mechanisms are "intended or anticipated", since
>> that's really not up to the namespace*.
>
> Well, it is, but see below.

No it's not.   It might not matter for the current discussion, but it's 
really important to understand that the namespace does not control 
resolution.

>
>> So what I would propose is to not put the first question in the
>> Resolution section, but to have a separate question for that:
>>
>>      Are all of the URNs assigned (currently or in the future) under 
>> this
>>      namespace intended exclusively for use as "abstract designators",
>>      that is, never as names of actual resources?  (yes or no)
>
> Fair enough - that's another way to ask the question about intentions.
>
> (BTW in -12 we'll have some text that attempts to define the concept 
> of "abstract designator" more clearly.)
>
>> Then the Resolution section text would look something like this:
>>
>>      If the URNs assigned under this namespace are intended exclusively
>>      for use as "abstract designators" this section should read "Not
>> Applicable".
>>
>>      If any of the URNs assigned under this namespace are intended for
>> use as
>>      resource names, the Resolution section SHOULD specify
>>      whether the assigning organization intends to operate or
>>      recommend any resolution services for URNs within that
>>      namespace.  In addition, if the assigning organization intends to
>>      implement registration for publicly advertised resolution services
>>      (for example using a system like that described in [RFC2276]), then
>>      this section SHOULD list or reference the requirements for being
>>      publicly advertised by the assigning organization.
>
> WFM.
>
>> * almost but not quite a shorthand for "organization operating a
>> namespace" - since the rules for operating the namespace should continue
>> to apply even if the organization changes.
>
> Right, it's the rules that matter - the rules define the namespace and 
> the assigning organiation follows the rules. Or so we hope. :-)
>
> Peter
>


From nobody Tue May 26 21:50:13 2015
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From: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Why bother with f-components (fragments) and/or p-components ?
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On 05/26/2015 11:43 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
> On 5/26/15 9:35 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>> On 05/26/2015 11:18 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>>> On 5/26/15 9:06 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>>>> On 05/26/2015 11:01 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>>>>> I agree with Leslie that a registry of r-component name-value 
>>>>> pairs is
>>>>> way out of scope for now - even establishing the registry. Let some
>>>>> future (resolution-specific) document do that, if it's even needed.
>>>> So in other words, it's perfectly okay to have no interoperability for
>>>> the meaning of r-components?
>>>
>>> Just as I am not opposed to motherhood and apple pie, I am also not
>>> opposed to interoperability. However, we don't know anything about
>>> r-components. They're a hook. How can we start defining name-value
>>> pairs for services that are themselves undefined?
>>
>> An empty registry is better than no registry at all.   Either that or we
>> define the r-component syntax but reserve its actual use for a future
>> standards-track document.   Based on past experience, I actually think
>> the latter is riskier - i.e. r-components are more likely to be used in
>> ways that are undocumented and/or non-interoperable if we require
>> standards-track than if we simply have a registry.
>
> The way I see it, the URI specification and the HTTP specification 
> don't define a registry of name-value pairs for the query component in 
> HTTP. Instead, the query component is used in a highly flexible manner 
> and each service that offers access via HTTP has its own API for 
> interacting with the service. In the world of web services, we don't 
> have interoperability across all services, but we don't need to do so 
> as long as each service has a well-defined API. I don't quite 
> understand why a similar regime would not work for URNs.

HTTP queries are not like r-components.   An HTTP query is evaluated in 
the context of the specific service named by the URL.   An r-component 
should be a directive that potentially can be interpreted by any 
resolution service, not something that's inherently specific to any 
particular resource or namespace. R-components are similar in this 
respect to header field names in email messages, where the meaning of a 
field-name needs to be consistent across all email.
>
>> Then again, I strongly believe that restricting r-components to
>> name-value pairs is also a bad idea.
>
> I'm confused. In a message earlier in this thread, you said:
>
>    "Leaving [just] enough of a hook" is exactly what I want to do
>    in this document.  I think that means:  (a) define the syntax for
>    URNs including that of r-components, (b) explain the role of
>    r-components in URN resolution, and (c) set up an IANA registry of
>    r-component names and values.   Maybe also (d) explain how this is
>    syntax compatible with 3986.  I think that's about enough for
>    2141bis.
>
> I thought that by suggesting a registry of names and values, you were 
> suggesting that r-components would include name-value pairs.

Since I wrote that, I've come to believe that people will want to use 
relational expressions in r-components to narrow the result set of a 
search, rather than to set options to specific values. Restricting the 
syntax of r-components to name-value pairs would make this more difficult.

On the other hand, as John and I have been discussing, it doesn't take a 
very complex relational expression to make for a very complex and huge 
URN.   So maybe r-components will have fairly narrow applicability, and 
in those applications where it's useful to specify relational 
expressions to narrow the result set of data to be obtained during URN 
resolution, that will need to be specified outside the URN itself - say 
in a call to a URN resolution library from JavaScript or another language.

Keith



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To: Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Re-examining p-components (and "/", hierarchy, and relative references)
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--On Tuesday, May 26, 2015 20:35 -0600 Peter Saint-Andre - &yet
<peter@andyet.net> wrote:

>...
>     In particular, allowing the "/" character effectively
> makes it
>     possible to encapsulate hierarchical identifiers from
> other naming
>     systems.  For instance, consider the hypothetical example
> of a
>     hierarchical naming system in which the identifiers take
> the form of
>     a series of numbers separated by the "/" character, such
> as "1/406/
>     47452/2".  If the naming authority for such identifiers
> were to use
>     URNs, it would be natural to place the existing
> identifiers in the
>     NSS, resulting in URNs such as "urn:example:1/406/47452/2".
>     Nevertheless, it is not appropriate the "/" character be
> used in a
>     URN merely because the URN namespace is importing a naming
> system
>     that happens to use the character; it is simply a matter
> of syntactic
>     convenience not to escape the character with
> percent-encoding.

Peter,

Up to the last sentence (and including the parts not quoted
above, this seems ok to me.  But I can't quite parse that last
sentence or figure out what it means -- it seems to be
contradicting the text above it.

    john



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From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
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Subject: [urn] Historical URNs, rants, and progress (was: Re: suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis section 7.3.6)
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--On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 00:41 -0400 Keith Moore
<moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:

> On 05/26/2015 11:53 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>> On 5/26/15 9:30 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>>> On 05/26/2015 07:17 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>...

>>> Mumble.
>>> 
>>> 1. I agree that a URN namespace* that assigns its URNs only
>>> for use as "abstract designators" rather than as resource
>>> names should state this in the namespace registration.
>>> 
>>> <rant>
>>> IMO, such URN namespaces should never have been granted;
>>> this was and is a misuse of URNs.  But that water has long
>>> since passed under the bridge at least for some existing
>>> namespaces.   The only reason that I think this is useful to
>...
>>> intended to be Resource Names, not merely "abstract
>>> designators" no matter how widely URNs have been misused for
>>> the latter. </rant>

For the record, while I'm picking up on some comments that Keith
wrote, he is not the only one and this is not specifically about
him.

Personal opinion/request: I understand the reason for these
sorts of rants/ comments from those who had (or believed they
had) a very clear view of URNs years ago (and whether they are
explicitly identified or not).  They pose two difficulties and I
wish they would stop.  

First, not only is it water under the bridge, but the door has
closed.  Perhaps early documents should have described several
types of URNs and identified multiple types with multiple
schemes (reserving the term "URN" itself as "URL" is effectively
reserved).  They/we didn't do that and, as Peter points out,
probably most of the URNs in use today do not conform to those
early assumptions in one way or another.      While it arguably
made things worse, the text in RFC 3986 that says that there are
such things as "URN"s and that only some of them conform to the
"urn:" scheme, it at least was an attempt to address the issue.  

For the same reason, I object to anything resembling a casual
reference to RFCs 1737, 2276, or the 2915, 2168, and 3401 family
in 2141bis.  Common, probably dominant, practices have evolved
past those documents, 3401 and friends have not been broadly
used and adopted and general-purpose NAPTR records have proven
problematic, and so on.  We don't add clarity to what URNs are
about today (and in the likely future) by citing those
documents, even as examples.  What we do is to add confusion or
at least fodder for the next rounds of nit-picking arguments and
moral outrage about certain types of usage.

I think there is a place for a reprise and summary in the form
of an updated theory of URNs and URN resolution -- a document
that would presumably obsolete 1737 and 2276 and comment on the
applicability of DDDS (and hence 3401ff).  But it doesn't appear
to be to be within scope for this WG.  Even if it were, it is
fairly clear we don't have the energy for it.

The other problem is that hair-splitting arguments about the
true nature of URNs (etc.) drives people with more pragmatic
interests and less time away from  the WG, leading to a
situation in which we have long-thread discussions, typically
about esoteric (if not irrelevant) issues among a handful of
people, losing broader perspectives and review.

Can we just stop?  If we cannot stop, might I encourage the
co-chairs to start weighing the impact of such discussions on WG
progress with an eye to identifying them as disruptive?


>...
>> Thus tilting at that particular windmill strikes me as futile.

Worse than futile.  IMO, they are making it much more difficult
for the WG to make anything resembling progress.

> Those namespaces would be mostly harmless, except that people
> keep making assumptions about how URNs are supposed to work
> based on those mistakes.

See comments about "updated theory" above.  If someone wants to
write that document and discuss it -- but not on this WG's list
at least until after we get 2141bis published -- I'm willing to
read it and review.   But I don't think comments about
"mistakes" in very wide use on this list are helpful unless they
are also actionable and contain specific proposals for text that
would fit into 2141bis and that do not involve turning back the
clock.

>>> 2. I also agree that a namespace* that intends to operate or
>>> recommend any resolution services should state this in its
>>> namespace registration.
>>> 
>>> What I don't think is appropriate is for the registration to
>>> specify whether resolution mechanisms are "intended or
>>> anticipated", since that's really not up to the namespace*.
>> 
>> Well, it is, but see below.
> 
> No it's not.   It might not matter for the current discussion,
> but it's really important to understand that the namespace
> does not control resolution.

Until we provide more resources --and perhaps whips or guns-- to
the Protocol Police -- nothing we specify controls anything
else.  "Intended or anticipated" is an intended/expected best
practices statement, not a statement about "control".     And,
again, these hair-splitting discussions are hurting us.

And, if we are going to make a distinction between "abstract
designator" and something else, I hope we can come up with a
different term than "resource name", if only because "when is a
Uniform Resource Name not a resource name" is not just a trivia
contest question but an invitation to precisely the sort of
historical hair-splitting that I hope we can avoid.

>...

best,
    john


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Date: Wed, 27 May 2015 08:27:14 -0400
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>, Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>, urn@ietf.org
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--On Tuesday, May 26, 2015 16:19 -0600 Peter Saint-Andre - &yet
<peter@andyet.net> wrote:

>> (Also, the comment period should last long enough that any
>> organization that cares would have time to discuss things
>> within its membership and form its own opinion, which
>> probably means a comment period should last considerably
>> longer than a month.)
> 
> Right now, draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn has no time limit
> on reviews (RFC 3406 said it was 2 weeks). It might be best to
> say that the expert reviewers need to reply within 2 weeks,
> not that all discussion needs to be completed in 2 weeks
> (which is unrealistic anyway).

How would you feel about a sentence indicating that the reply
might recommend other actions -- discussion on specific other
mailing lists, pursuing standardization, etc. -- as well as
commenting on the proposed registration itself.

On a related note, I think it is entirely reasonable to include
space in the template for people to describe how their namespace
uses any or all of p-/q-/r-/f-components without getting
involved with elaborate standardization attempts or registration
models for the syntax and contents of those fields.

    john


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On 05/27/2015 08:27 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
> On a related note, I think it is entirely reasonable to include
> space in the template for people to describe how their namespace
> uses any or all of p-/q-/r-/f-components without getting
> involved with elaborate standardization attempts or registration
> models for the syntax and contents of those fields.

Strongly disagree with this.

- I thought we had done away with p-components and just decided to 
permit '/' in NSS.
- q-components are interpreted by the resource, not by the namespace.  
It's very important to make this clear, otherwise there will be tussles 
over their use.
- f-components are interpreted in light of the resource content, not by 
the namespace.  It's very important to make this clear, otherwise there 
will be tussles over their use.
- r-components could potentially be namespace-specific, but different 
namespaces shouldn't interpret the same r-components in different ways, 
any more than different email providers or user agents interpret 
different email header fields in different ways.

Keith


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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>, John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>, "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [urn] r-component syntax
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Subject: Re: [urn] r-component syntax
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On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 12:07 AM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
=20
> On 5/10/15 1:27 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
> >
> >
> > --On Sunday, May 10, 2015 10:50 -0800 Melinda Shore
> > <melinda.shore@gmail.com> wrote:
> >
> >> There seems to be agreement on specifying a syntax for
> >> r-components, largely as a defensive mechanism against
> >> possible future bad behavior. Rather than specifying that
> >> space as "reserved" it probably makes more sense, and is more
> >> consistent with IETF practice, to distinguish between things
> >> that are used as part of URN processing and things that are
> >> opaque to URN processing and passed through without being
> >> touched (thanks to John for providing some clarifying thoughts
> >> on this).  Is there agreement on this?
> >
> > Melinda, thanks.
> >
> > As a shortcut to save a bit of time, I think that, if we decide
> > to allow r-components, the syntax for in section 3 of 2141bis-11
> > would change so that the changed productions would read:
> >
> >         q-component =3D "?" query [ "??" r-component ]
> > 	       Note that <query> in the above cannot contain "??"
> >         r-component =3D query
> >
> > That could also be done in a somewhat more complex way to
> > eliminate the note, e.g., as
> >
> >         q-component =3D "?" q-string [ "??" r-component ]
> >         r-component =3D r-string
> >
> > where the definition of q-string would repeat the text of
> > Section 3.4 of RFC 3986 but explicitly exclude, and terminate
> > on, "??" as well as "#" and r-string would match that Section
> > 3.4 text.
> >
> > It could also be done more like:
> >
> >        namestring    =3D assigned-name
> >                        [ q-component [r-component] ]
> >                        [ f-component ]
> >         q-component =3D "?" q-string
> >         r-component =3D "??" r-string
> >
> > If anyone who thinks we should adopt r-components has a strong
> > preference among those alternatives, please say so, otherwise,
> > Peter and I will draw straws or equivalent.

I feel a bit confused. Is it really meant that the r-component can only exi=
st as an appendix to a q-component? The position of the square brackets sug=
gest that. I always thought that we could pass instructions to a resolver w=
ithout having a q-component.

My suggestion would be:

	namestring	=3D assigned-name
		[q-component]
		[r-component]
		[f-component]
	q-component =3D "?" q-string
	r-component =3D "??" r-string

(r-component before q-component works for me, too).

> I prefer the latter - it feels more readable.

Yes, the latter syntax is more readable.

> > Independent of the above, if we are going to adopt r-components,
> > we will need some text to describe them and some examples,
> > preferably real.  Peter and I can make that up, but suggestions
> > from WG participants who have thought deeply about this would be
> > much better.
>=20
> Yes, text and examples would be appreciated. (Although any examples are
> quite speculative at this point.)

I shall discuss with relevant people at my place.

Best,

Lars=20


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Subject: Re: [urn] r-component syntax
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Regarding the placement of r-components relative to the other parts of 
the URN:   I still believe, for reasons already stated, that having them 
appear on the left side of the q-component (corresponding to the left 
side of the "query" per 3986 syntax) is better than having them appear 
on the right side of any q- or f-component (corresponding to the right 
side of the "query" per 3986 syntax).   However, as far as I can tell, 
either approach can be implemented in a technically sound and 
interoperable way - I just think having the r-component on the left is 
easier to explain and less likely to be incorrectly implemented.   
Assuming I'm right about that last statement, I'll be happy if we can 
get r-components added to the URN syntax in either fashion.

The lack of responses bothers me more, not so much because there's 
nobody else to weigh in on this particular issue, but because I suspect 
that any change in the URN syntax along these lines needs more 
eyeballs.  In particular, it needs the benefit of review by several 
people with experience in implementing web protocols and/or familiarity 
with existing implementations.   Just as an example, it wouldn't 
surprise me at all if there were running code that parses URNs according 
to 3986 or 2141 but expects "queries" for URIs in general to be 
formatted as if they represented data generated from an HTML form (using 
'&' as a separator between name-value pairs) and which doesn't behave 
well when given URIs with queries not formatted like this.   That might 
argue for a very different way of distinguishing r-components from the 
other parts of the URN.

Maybe we'll get some of those eyeballs in Last Call, but that seems like 
an awkward time to have such a discussion.

Some specific responses about syntax:

On 05/25/2015 02:14 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
> If r-component is to the right, we have
>
>     <query> = <q-component> [ "??" <r-component> ]
> where <q-component> is exactly an RFC 3986 <query> with the
> restriction that <query-text> cannot contain a literal
> appearance of "??" even though "?" is allowed.  That requires a
> two-character look-ahead in the parser, but that should not be a
> big deal these days.
>
> By contrast, if it is to the left, we really cannot use the 3986
> structure any more because
>      [...] ?? foo ? bar
> makes "foo" an r-component and bar a <query> but
>      [...] ? ? foo ? bar
> make the <query> "? foo ? bar".   If one contemplates
> error-prone constructions that could yield weird error messages,
> that could be a winner.

I'm not sure what you mean by "we really cannot use the 3986 structure 
any more".    In either case the new 2141bis combined syntax for 
<q-component> and <r-component> has to be compatible with the 3986 
syntax for <query> (or at least I assume this is the goal to try to 
minimize pushback from the "3986 is carved in stone"  camp).   If 
<r-component> is on the left, the r-component appears leftmost in the 
<query> preceded and followed by '?'.   If <r-component> is on the 
right, then it appears on the right side of the <query> preceded by 
'??'. With either approach, if the entire <query> ever gets fed to (say) 
an HTTP-based application, without first stripping out the <r-component> 
and whatever separators, neither the results nor any error message is 
likely to make much sense.

> However, to return to fundamentals, there are two ways to think
> about URI parsing.  In one model, it is all hierarchical: the
> generic URI parser separates scheme from everything else, passes
> the whole business to a scheme specific parser and it does its
> thing.  In the other, which has seemed to be the main focus, a
> generic URI parser breaks things into designated bits and passes
> those bits off to whatever needs to deal with them, presumably
> pre-isolated.  In the latter case, it doesn't really make any
> difference how things are organized in the URI string -- in
> principle we could tag everything, put pieces in random order,
> and then recombine the components after parsing -- as long as
> the parsing process is plausible and unambiguous.   In
> compiler-speak, the output of a generic parser is a parse tree
> and "it is better for these things to come in that order in the
> raw string" just are not significant as long as pieces of the
> tree are passed off to other processors or other processors can
> find their place in the tree.
Agreed, that's a very minor concern.   Though to the extent that 
ordinary users get involved in composing or parsing URNs at all, I do 
think that users are more likely to be able to correctly model the 
behavior of URNs when the components are processed left-to-right, than 
when the components are processed middle, left, then right.

(I have no idea how often will ordinary users end up composing or 
parsing URNs.  But, I originally thought that ordinary users would 
rarely end up reading or writing raw HTML, and I was wrong.)

> None of that applies to what is (or ought to be) really
> important, which is whether end users can make sense of any of
> this.  But we know the answer to that question, with or without
> r-components: users don't have much of a clue about the internal
> structure of URIs and most of what they think they know is
> wrong.  All of the esoteric arguments about the meaning of the
> various provisions of 3986 just reinforce that few; I'll start
> having hope for end users understanding the details and
> implications of URI syntax the day I see a one-sheet
> pocket-sized card that summarizes all of the relevant details
> and does so accurately.   Whatever we do with a trick syntax
> that introduces a delimiter (or delimiter sequence) that makes
> more differentiation for URNs than is common for URIs is going
> to make that problem worse.

As far as I can tell, users build up their own mental models for how 
computer systems work.   They rarely understand how things actually 
work, but the models that they build in their heads do a fair job of 
predicting how the computers will behave for the limited range of cases 
that the users have to deal with on a regular basis.   (Any user whose 
models predict significantly more behavior than the average user's 
models is indistinguishable (by ordinary users) from a wizard.)     So 
from that perspective, it's not important that users actually understand 
how URIs or URNs work; what's important is that they be able to build 
models that accurately predict how they'll work for common use cases.

I'm not sure whether any of that helps answer the question of 
r-components on the left vs. on the right.   But maybe that's not 
actually the most important thing to settle right now.   My assumption 
all along has been that people are going to want to bundle URNs with 
resolution service queries, and that's why we need r-components.   It 
then seems to me that the natural purpose of r-components is to narrow 
the set of results from such a query, so instead of "everything the 
service knows about this URN" the client only sees a subset of that.   
And this seems to me to imply that r-components need to be able to 
contain relational expressions. But if that makes r-components too 
complex, too error-prone, too lengthy, etc. (and I'm starting to lean 
that way) then maybe any need to narrow or otherwise manipulate 
resolution service query results would be better accomplished by 
invoking the resolution service from an actual programming language 
rather than stuffing a query into a URN.    And that might make the role 
of r-components a fairly minor one, such that even name-value pairs 
might be overkill.

>> As ugly as %-encoding is, I don't think the requirement to
>> encode '?' that appears in r-components is a huge problem,
>> given that (as you point out) it's quite likely that non-ASCII
>> characters will appear in r-components and they'll also need
>> to be encoded.   Given the wide range of characters that
>> require encoding that can reasonably appear in an r-component,
>> what's the cost of having to encode 0x3f in addition to the
>> rest?   But (for reasons which your example makes quite clear)
>> neither would I recommend using '?' (encoded or otherwise) as
>> a separator between portions (name-value-pairs or whatever) of
>> an r-component.
> While I don't like "ugly", I'm not nearly as worried about it as
> I am about the potential of complete confusion about what the
> rules are, especially because I believe that URNs are more
> likely to actually be seen and typed by users than the typical
> multi-line complex URL.   I had occasion last week to review the
> discussions that were a major part of killing IRI work in the
> IETF and it involved exactly the same issues we've been going
> around on for months as well as more recent ones --
> relationships between URIs and fragments; when %-encoding is
> required, optional, or prohibited; and so on.   The IRI
> experience, IMO, was less about the specifics of those
> discussions than that they drove people away until there was
> insufficient participation on the broader issues to get the work
> done.  I think the desire to not repeat more of that discussion
> --and suffer the same fate, which I think is a very real
> possibility given participation on the list-- is a very strong
> argument to avoid more cases of mandatory %-encoding.
>
>> I also like the idea of being able to copy a URN q-component
>> to a URL query component, and a URN f-component to a URL
>> fragment, without having to do any re-encoding (and I'm far
>> from confident that these translations will only ever be
>> needed in one direction).   I strongly suspect that if
>> different encodings are used for queries vs. q-components and
>> fragments vs. f-components that implementations will botch
>> those translation steps and/or behave inconsistently from one
>> another.
> While I agree with the principle you are suggesting, it is not
> clear to me what is has to do with the "where does the
> r-component go" discussion unless it is an argument for putting
> it after the q-component.

Maybe an example will help.

Say there's a desire to submit a query to a resource named by 
urn:example:foo with r-component a=b.   Say also that the user is 
prompted for the query string, and that the client doesn't know what 
query strings are valid for the resource so it has to pass all query 
strings to the resource without verifying them for syntax.

If r-components appear on the left, the client generates 
urn:example:foo??a=b?XXXX where XXXX is a %-encoded version of whatever 
the user typed in.   urn:example:foo is resolved to some URL 
xxx://example.com/bar?XXXX , and the same XXXX that was appended to the 
URN gets transmitted to the resource.

If r-components appear on the right, the client generates 
urn:example:foo?YYYY??a=b where YYYY is a %-encoded version of whatever 
the user typed in, subject to the additional constraint that if the user 
typed in two consecutive '?' characters, at least one of those is also 
percent-encoded so as not to confuse a URN parser.   But once 
urn:example:foo is resolved to some URL, it should result in 
xxx://example.com/bar?XXXX , where XXXX is the query string that the 
user typed in subjected to normal %-encoding rules.    XXXX will 
sometimes be different than YYYY, and it's possible that sending YYYY to 
the resource will produce different behavior than sending XXXX.

Yes, it's an edge case, and maybe a very narrow one.   But having a 
robust protocol requires dealing with edge cases.   And I'm not saying 
that the problem cannot be solved - clearly it can, say, by requiring 
that URN-capable clients first produce XXXX and then encode that to YYYY 
using a distinguished encoding that is strictly reversible.   But I 
suspect it's not likely to be implemented correctly.

(Of course this is just another example of the common problem that 
multiple layers of quoting can be very confusing and result in very 
strange glitches.   We've seen it in text processing, we've seen it when 
trying to embed one kind of email address in another, we've seen it in 
scripting languages, etc.   So it's hardly surprising that it crops up 
here also.   The usual takeaway is to try to avoid designing systems 
that require multiple layers of quoting.)


>
>> Regarding name-value pairs: I started out thinking that
>> r-components should be name-value pairs.   My current thinking
>> is that they're more like expressions in WHERE clauses (and
>> some other portions) of SQL SELECT statements.   In other
>> words, I think they're more likely to be constraints that are
>> imposed on the result set rather than some named attributes.
>> You could of course still express such things with NVPs, e.g.
>>
>> urn:example:foo:bar??svc=u2c;where=revision_date.gt.%222014012
>> 3%22.and.content_type.eq.%22text/plain%22;order=desc;order_by=
>> revision_date;limit=10
>>
>> but to me, NVPs don't look as useful in r-components as I
>> originally assumed they would be.
> I think the SQL analogy is pure speculation, that all of the
> examples we've seen on the list have been much more amenable to
> name-value pairs or other constructions (as is most existing
> multiple-term query usage I've seen in URIs) and that mixing the
> syntax of URIs (which, as suggested above, almost no end user
> understands in detail) with SQL SELECT clauses (which probably
> fewer end users actually understand) is a recipe for total
> confusion.

SQL is just an example of a language for narrowing queries with which I 
thought participants of this discussion might possibly be familiar, and 
I couldn't think of an alternative that might be more familiar.  For 
several reasons, I don't think we'd want to actually embed SQL in 
r-components.   But any other language containing relational expressions 
would be no more familiar to users, no less complex (if it were to be 
effective), and no easier to embed in URNs without confusing encoding.

Basically I think my own examples are convincing me that r-components 
are not an effective way to specify how to narrow search results.

>    In particular, I note that we've seen several real
> examples where qualifying clauses are needed to distinguish
> between "identify object and return information about it" and
> "identify specific metadata and return their values".  And that
> lends itself rather better to name-value pairs or something
> similar than it does to SQL-like constructions, at least unless
> the "target" of the URN is actually a relational database or
> part of it.  I also note that SQL-like constructions are not
> particularly well adapted to non-relational databases, e.g.,
> hierarchical constructions and that we not only have a lot of
> those around but some of them are built into URI design.

Can you provide an example or two to illustrate how you think NVPs would 
be effective at this?

Keith


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From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>, Melinda Shore <melinda.shore@gmail.com>, urn@ietf.org
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--On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 14:41 +0000 "Svensson, Lars"
<L.Svensson@dnb.de> wrote:

>...
>> > As a shortcut to save a bit of time, I think that, if we
>> > decide to allow r-components, the syntax for in section 3
>> > of 2141bis-11 would change so that the changed productions
>> > would read:
>> > 
>> >         q-component = "?" query [ "??" r-component ]
>> > 	       Note that <query> in the above cannot contain "??"
>> >         r-component = query
>...
>> >        namestring    = assigned-name
>> >                        [ q-component [r-component] ]
>> >                        [ f-component ]
>> >         q-component = "?" q-string
>> >         r-component = "??" r-string
>> > 
>> > If anyone who thinks we should adopt r-components has a
>> > strong preference among those alternatives, please say so,
>> > otherwise, Peter and I will draw straws or equivalent.
> 
> I feel a bit confused. Is it really meant that the r-component
> can only exist as an appendix to a q-component? The position
> of the square brackets suggest that. I always thought that we
> could pass instructions to a resolver without having a
> q-component.

You are, of course, correct, proving once again that I should
never be allowed to write ABNF, especially when I'm tired.

> My suggestion would be:
> 
> 	namestring	= assigned-name
> 		[q-component]
> 		[r-component]
> 		[f-component]
> 	q-component = "?" q-string
> 	r-component = "??" r-string

Yes, that is, IMO, correct.

>...

>> Yes, text and examples would be appreciated. (Although any
>> examples are quite speculative at this point.)
> 
> I shall discuss with relevant people at my place.

thanks,
   john


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Date: Wed, 27 May 2015 13:59:49 -0400
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To: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>
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--On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 08:35 -0400 Keith Moore
<moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:

> On 05/27/2015 08:27 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>> On a related note, I think it is entirely reasonable to
>> include space in the template for people to describe how
>> their namespace uses any or all of p-/q-/r-/f-components
>> without getting involved with elaborate standardization
>> attempts or registration models for the syntax and contents
>> of those fields.
> 
> Strongly disagree with this.
> 
> - I thought we had done away with p-components and just
> decided to permit '/' in NSS.

Keith,

This is another example of the reasons why I am finding all of
the theorizing and repetitive threads involving very few people
to be problematic.

What I had understood from trying to follow the various threads
is that we were getting close to agreement on a particular way
to talk about "/".  I hadn't make the leap from there to "done
away with p-components".  More broadly, I don't get from "one or
two people repeated themselves several times" to "we agreed" (or
"we had done away with").  There have been no comments from
anything resembling a diverse group of WG participants and the
number of consensus calls or other comments from the co-chairs
on this subject has been, well, very small.

> - q-components are interpreted by the resource, not by the
> namespace.  It's very important to make this clear, otherwise
> there will be tussles over their use.

I don't see any conflict between "interpreted by the resource"
and a statement of intent about the namespace.  After all,
namespaces are supposed to be managed and relatively
homogeneous.  One of the important changes in 2141bis is that we
are reducing the external documentation requirements in favor of
requiring (in a few cases) and allowing (in most) more
information in the registration templates. 

As an example, if we created a namespace of cattle, I'd expect
the registration to say, somehow, "this is about cattle".  It
might even distinguish between dairy-type cattle and beef-type
cattle.  The NSS might contain names for subspecies of cows.  If
it contained a designation of a farm or ranch and the name of a
specific cow, it would be getting perilously close to a locator
with persistence that might not last beyond the cow's lifetime.
If someone gets past the management process and slips a duck in
there, I can imagine its causing all sorts of problems and would
hope that one of them would not be an attempt to prove that
ducks are really cows by virtue of their being a duck in the cow
namespace.    There is absolutely nothing we can do in the URN
definition to prevent that duck.   We can, however, allow "this
is about cattle" statements in the namespace registration and
even allow "don't bother asking for things with feathers, you
will get misleading results" statements in the query-explanation
part of the registration.

An explanation in the registration about how the namespace
expects queries to be used seems helpful in that regard.
Without it, the odds of meaningless queries rises and, because
of the way URIs are often implemented, meaningless queries tend
to produce meaningless or very confusing responses to users.

The other issue raised by your comment above is that I have no
actual idea what "interpreted by the resource" means.  I have a
better idea when you say "in light of the resource content, not
by the namespace" as you do for f-components, but only a little.
I am more sure what the latter means, and what the "interpreter"
might do, if the result of interpreting/ resolving a URN is a
URL, particularly and HTTP or HTTPS URL, but, coming back to
that URN for a cattle namespace, I'm fairly confident that an
r-component that distinguished between a request for "picture of
object/resource" and one for "example of object/resource" would
be well-defined but I wouldn't relish the notion of having the
cow-object do the resolution.  I also think that a q-component
(or even an f-component) specifying the right haunch would be
well-defined for either the picture or the sample but that it
might not produce good results if that duck were included in the
namespace.

All of that suggests two things to me:

(1) Discouraging people from offering definition and guidance in
registration requests is probably not a good idea, no matter
what ideas we might have about purity of the URN concept.

(2) While I'm comfortable saying general things and offering
general guidance, the distinctions among r-, q-, and
f-components (and maybe p-components if there is such a thing),
what they "mean", and where and by what they are resolved get
very fuzzy very quickly when abstracted to "names", potentially
of classes of things that cannot be rigidly defined with
enforceable boundaries, rather than web-specific locators and
machine readable objects.


> - f-components are interpreted in light of the resource
> content, not by the namespace.  It's very important to make
> this clear, otherwise there will be tussles over their use.

See above.

> - r-components could potentially be namespace-specific, but
> different namespaces shouldn't interpret the same r-components
> in different ways, any more than different email providers or
> user agents interpret different email header fields in
> different ways.

I think that is an attractive idea in principle but, absent a
grand unified theory of everything, it is unattainable as soon
as we accept the fact that different URN namespaces, and the
resources to which they may refer, can be _really_ different.
I believe that even the discussions of the last month fairly
clearly illustrate that either trying to standardize the
internal syntax of r-components (such as to differentiate
between something organized around name-value pairs and
something organized around something SQL-ish) or to create a
registry of assertions or actions would be a WG killer from
which neither we nor URNs would ever recover.

best,
     john


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Cc: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>, Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>
Subject: Re: [urn] Historical URNs, rants, and progress (was: Re: suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis section 7.3.6)
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Well said, John.

-andy

On Wed, May 27, 2015 at 7:57 AM, John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com> wrote:

>
>
> --On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 00:41 -0400 Keith Moore
> <moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:
>
> > On 05/26/2015 11:53 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
> >> On 5/26/15 9:30 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> >>> On 05/26/2015 07:17 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
> >...
>
> >>> Mumble.
> >>>
> >>> 1. I agree that a URN namespace* that assigns its URNs only
> >>> for use as "abstract designators" rather than as resource
> >>> names should state this in the namespace registration.
> >>>
> >>> <rant>
> >>> IMO, such URN namespaces should never have been granted;
> >>> this was and is a misuse of URNs.  But that water has long
> >>> since passed under the bridge at least for some existing
> >>> namespaces.   The only reason that I think this is useful to
> >...
> >>> intended to be Resource Names, not merely "abstract
> >>> designators" no matter how widely URNs have been misused for
> >>> the latter. </rant>
>
> For the record, while I'm picking up on some comments that Keith
> wrote, he is not the only one and this is not specifically about
> him.
>
> Personal opinion/request: I understand the reason for these
> sorts of rants/ comments from those who had (or believed they
> had) a very clear view of URNs years ago (and whether they are
> explicitly identified or not).  They pose two difficulties and I
> wish they would stop.
>
> First, not only is it water under the bridge, but the door has
> closed.  Perhaps early documents should have described several
> types of URNs and identified multiple types with multiple
> schemes (reserving the term "URN" itself as "URL" is effectively
> reserved).  They/we didn't do that and, as Peter points out,
> probably most of the URNs in use today do not conform to those
> early assumptions in one way or another.      While it arguably
> made things worse, the text in RFC 3986 that says that there are
> such things as "URN"s and that only some of them conform to the
> "urn:" scheme, it at least was an attempt to address the issue.
>
> For the same reason, I object to anything resembling a casual
> reference to RFCs 1737, 2276, or the 2915, 2168, and 3401 family
> in 2141bis.  Common, probably dominant, practices have evolved
> past those documents, 3401 and friends have not been broadly
> used and adopted and general-purpose NAPTR records have proven
> problematic, and so on.  We don't add clarity to what URNs are
> about today (and in the likely future) by citing those
> documents, even as examples.  What we do is to add confusion or
> at least fodder for the next rounds of nit-picking arguments and
> moral outrage about certain types of usage.
>
> I think there is a place for a reprise and summary in the form
> of an updated theory of URNs and URN resolution -- a document
> that would presumably obsolete 1737 and 2276 and comment on the
> applicability of DDDS (and hence 3401ff).  But it doesn't appear
> to be to be within scope for this WG.  Even if it were, it is
> fairly clear we don't have the energy for it.
>
> The other problem is that hair-splitting arguments about the
> true nature of URNs (etc.) drives people with more pragmatic
> interests and less time away from  the WG, leading to a
> situation in which we have long-thread discussions, typically
> about esoteric (if not irrelevant) issues among a handful of
> people, losing broader perspectives and review.
>
> Can we just stop?  If we cannot stop, might I encourage the
> co-chairs to start weighing the impact of such discussions on WG
> progress with an eye to identifying them as disruptive?
>
>
> >...
> >> Thus tilting at that particular windmill strikes me as futile.
>
> Worse than futile.  IMO, they are making it much more difficult
> for the WG to make anything resembling progress.
>
> > Those namespaces would be mostly harmless, except that people
> > keep making assumptions about how URNs are supposed to work
> > based on those mistakes.
>
> See comments about "updated theory" above.  If someone wants to
> write that document and discuss it -- but not on this WG's list
> at least until after we get 2141bis published -- I'm willing to
> read it and review.   But I don't think comments about
> "mistakes" in very wide use on this list are helpful unless they
> are also actionable and contain specific proposals for text that
> would fit into 2141bis and that do not involve turning back the
> clock.
>
> >>> 2. I also agree that a namespace* that intends to operate or
> >>> recommend any resolution services should state this in its
> >>> namespace registration.
> >>>
> >>> What I don't think is appropriate is for the registration to
> >>> specify whether resolution mechanisms are "intended or
> >>> anticipated", since that's really not up to the namespace*.
> >>
> >> Well, it is, but see below.
> >
> > No it's not.   It might not matter for the current discussion,
> > but it's really important to understand that the namespace
> > does not control resolution.
>
> Until we provide more resources --and perhaps whips or guns-- to
> the Protocol Police -- nothing we specify controls anything
> else.  "Intended or anticipated" is an intended/expected best
> practices statement, not a statement about "control".     And,
> again, these hair-splitting discussions are hurting us.
>
> And, if we are going to make a distinction between "abstract
> designator" and something else, I hope we can come up with a
> different term than "resource name", if only because "when is a
> Uniform Resource Name not a resource name" is not just a trivia
> contest question but an invitation to precisely the sort of
> historical hair-splitting that I hope we can avoid.
>
> >...
>
> best,
>     john
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn
>

--047d7b873a4a54d925051715877c
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<div dir=3D"ltr">Well said, John.<div><br></div><div>-andy</div></div><div =
class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">On Wed, May 27, 2015 a=
t 7:57 AM, John C Klensin <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:john-ietf=
@jck.com" target=3D"_blank">john-ietf@jck.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blo=
ckquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #c=
cc solid;padding-left:1ex"><br>
<br>
--On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 00:41 -0400 Keith Moore<br>
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:moore@network-heretics.com">moore@network-heretics.co=
m</a>&gt; wrote:<br>
<br>
&gt; On 05/26/2015 11:53 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &amp;yet wrote:<br>
&gt;&gt; On 5/26/15 9:30 PM, Keith Moore wrote:<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; On 05/26/2015 07:17 PM, Peter Saint-Andre - &amp;yet wrote:<br=
>
&gt;...<br>
<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; Mumble.<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; 1. I agree that a URN namespace* that assigns its URNs only<br=
>
&gt;&gt;&gt; for use as &quot;abstract designators&quot; rather than as res=
ource<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; names should state this in the namespace registration.<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; &lt;rant&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; IMO, such URN namespaces should never have been granted;<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; this was and is a misuse of URNs.=C2=A0 But that water has lon=
g<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; since passed under the bridge at least for some existing<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; namespaces.=C2=A0 =C2=A0The only reason that I think this is u=
seful to<br>
&gt;...<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; intended to be Resource Names, not merely &quot;abstract<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; designators&quot; no matter how widely URNs have been misused =
for<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; the latter. &lt;/rant&gt;<br>
<br>
For the record, while I&#39;m picking up on some comments that Keith<br>
wrote, he is not the only one and this is not specifically about<br>
him.<br>
<br>
Personal opinion/request: I understand the reason for these<br>
sorts of rants/ comments from those who had (or believed they<br>
had) a very clear view of URNs years ago (and whether they are<br>
explicitly identified or not).=C2=A0 They pose two difficulties and I<br>
wish they would stop.<br>
<br>
First, not only is it water under the bridge, but the door has<br>
closed.=C2=A0 Perhaps early documents should have described several<br>
types of URNs and identified multiple types with multiple<br>
schemes (reserving the term &quot;URN&quot; itself as &quot;URL&quot; is ef=
fectively<br>
reserved).=C2=A0 They/we didn&#39;t do that and, as Peter points out,<br>
probably most of the URNs in use today do not conform to those<br>
early assumptions in one way or another.=C2=A0 =C2=A0 =C2=A0 While it argua=
bly<br>
made things worse, the text in RFC 3986 that says that there are<br>
such things as &quot;URN&quot;s and that only some of them conform to the<b=
r>
&quot;urn:&quot; scheme, it at least was an attempt to address the issue.<b=
r>
<br>
For the same reason, I object to anything resembling a casual<br>
reference to RFCs 1737, 2276, or the 2915, 2168, and 3401 family<br>
in 2141bis.=C2=A0 Common, probably dominant, practices have evolved<br>
past those documents, 3401 and friends have not been broadly<br>
used and adopted and general-purpose NAPTR records have proven<br>
problematic, and so on.=C2=A0 We don&#39;t add clarity to what URNs are<br>
about today (and in the likely future) by citing those<br>
documents, even as examples.=C2=A0 What we do is to add confusion or<br>
at least fodder for the next rounds of nit-picking arguments and<br>
moral outrage about certain types of usage.<br>
<br>
I think there is a place for a reprise and summary in the form<br>
of an updated theory of URNs and URN resolution -- a document<br>
that would presumably obsolete 1737 and 2276 and comment on the<br>
applicability of DDDS (and hence 3401ff).=C2=A0 But it doesn&#39;t appear<b=
r>
to be to be within scope for this WG.=C2=A0 Even if it were, it is<br>
fairly clear we don&#39;t have the energy for it.<br>
<br>
The other problem is that hair-splitting arguments about the<br>
true nature of URNs (etc.) drives people with more pragmatic<br>
interests and less time away from=C2=A0 the WG, leading to a<br>
situation in which we have long-thread discussions, typically<br>
about esoteric (if not irrelevant) issues among a handful of<br>
people, losing broader perspectives and review.<br>
<br>
Can we just stop?=C2=A0 If we cannot stop, might I encourage the<br>
co-chairs to start weighing the impact of such discussions on WG<br>
progress with an eye to identifying them as disruptive?<br>
<br>
<br>
&gt;...<br>
&gt;&gt; Thus tilting at that particular windmill strikes me as futile.<br>
<br>
Worse than futile.=C2=A0 IMO, they are making it much more difficult<br>
for the WG to make anything resembling progress.<br>
<br>
&gt; Those namespaces would be mostly harmless, except that people<br>
&gt; keep making assumptions about how URNs are supposed to work<br>
&gt; based on those mistakes.<br>
<br>
See comments about &quot;updated theory&quot; above.=C2=A0 If someone wants=
 to<br>
write that document and discuss it -- but not on this WG&#39;s list<br>
at least until after we get 2141bis published -- I&#39;m willing to<br>
read it and review.=C2=A0 =C2=A0But I don&#39;t think comments about<br>
&quot;mistakes&quot; in very wide use on this list are helpful unless they<=
br>
are also actionable and contain specific proposals for text that<br>
would fit into 2141bis and that do not involve turning back the<br>
clock.<br>
<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; 2. I also agree that a namespace* that intends to operate or<b=
r>
&gt;&gt;&gt; recommend any resolution services should state this in its<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; namespace registration.<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; What I don&#39;t think is appropriate is for the registration =
to<br>
&gt;&gt;&gt; specify whether resolution mechanisms are &quot;intended or<br=
>
&gt;&gt;&gt; anticipated&quot;, since that&#39;s really not up to the names=
pace*.<br>
&gt;&gt;<br>
&gt;&gt; Well, it is, but see below.<br>
&gt;<br>
&gt; No it&#39;s not.=C2=A0 =C2=A0It might not matter for the current discu=
ssion,<br>
&gt; but it&#39;s really important to understand that the namespace<br>
&gt; does not control resolution.<br>
<br>
Until we provide more resources --and perhaps whips or guns-- to<br>
the Protocol Police -- nothing we specify controls anything<br>
else.=C2=A0 &quot;Intended or anticipated&quot; is an intended/expected bes=
t<br>
practices statement, not a statement about &quot;control&quot;.=C2=A0 =C2=
=A0 =C2=A0And,<br>
again, these hair-splitting discussions are hurting us.<br>
<br>
And, if we are going to make a distinction between &quot;abstract<br>
designator&quot; and something else, I hope we can come up with a<br>
different term than &quot;resource name&quot;, if only because &quot;when i=
s a<br>
Uniform Resource Name not a resource name&quot; is not just a trivia<br>
contest question but an invitation to precisely the sort of<br>
historical hair-splitting that I hope we can avoid.<br>
<br>
&gt;...<br>
<br>
best,<br>
=C2=A0 =C2=A0 john<br>
<br>
_______________________________________________<br>
urn mailing list<br>
<a href=3D"mailto:urn@ietf.org">urn@ietf.org</a><br>
<a href=3D"https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn" target=3D"_blank">htt=
ps://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn</a><br>
</blockquote></div><br></div>

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Subject: Re: [urn] Historical URNs, rants, and progress
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On 05/27/2015 07:57 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
> Personal opinion/request: I understand the reason for these
> sorts of rants/ comments from those who had (or believed they
> had) a very clear view of URNs years ago (and whether they are
> explicitly identified or not).  They pose two difficulties and I
> wish they would stop.

I agree at least to the extent that we're generally better off focusing 
on the proposed text rather than philosophical arguments. I think 
2141bis is moving in the right direction, and that we're close to having 
some good compromises, and I appreciate that.    I'm just concerned 
because I see potential for some of these misunderstandings about URNs 
to creep into the document text, either explicitly or more likely by 
omission, and I really don't want to see this WG make those problems any 
worse than they already are. If it weren't for that potential, I'd 
happily reserve my discussions on these subjects to bar BOFs and private 
mail.

I also don't think it's either constructive or appropriate to dismiss 
the opinions of those who invested huge amounts of time 20+ years ago 
into forging an understanding of how URNs needed to work, or the 
consensus documents that they produced, as dated, irrelevant, or 
illusory.    Insults such as these demand responses, responses snowball, 
and the tendency is for those discussions to become ugly.   I think 
those discussions are much more of a deterrent to making technical 
progress than discussions about the meaning of URNs - whether or not you 
label them as hair-splitting.

Early uses of URNs should not be taken as an indicator of how URNs will 
or should be used in the long run, any more than early uses of IPv6 
should be taken as an indicator of how IPv6 will or should be used in 
the long run.  I understand the desire to reconcile the intended purpose 
of URN with current practice, even when that practice is peripheral to 
the purpose of URNs.   And that's fine with me as long as we don't 
degrade the ability of URNs to serve their intended purpose.    The 
"millions of URNs" that I keep hearing about that have been produced by 
libraries and archives are very much within the intended purpose of URNs 
(though the intended scope of URNs is somewhat broader than that), but 
abstract designators are not.   So abstract designators shouldn't be 
cited in arguments for how URNs are supposed to work, any more than 
Heartbleed should be used to support an argument that TLS should permit 
hostile attacks.

Keith



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From: Andrew Newton <andy@hxr.us>
To: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Historical URNs, rants, and progress
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On Wed, May 27, 2015 at 4:00 PM, Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
wrote:

> I also don't think it's either constructive or appropriate to dismiss the
> opinions of those who invested huge amounts of time 20+ years ago into
> forging an understanding of how URNs needed to work, or the consensus
> documents that they produced, as dated, irrelevant, or illusory.    Insults
> such as these demand responses, responses snowball, and the tendency is for
> those discussions to become ugly.   I think those discussions are much more
> of a deterrent to making technical progress than discussions about the
> meaning of URNs - whether or not you label them as hair-splitting.


I don't think insults were intended.

But when outsiders see 20 year-old arguments being rehashed, they tend to
think "religion" and move on. It makes getting review of our documents more
difficult.

-andy

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
On Wed, May 27, 2015 at 4:00 PM, Keith Moore <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:moore@network-heretics.com" target=3D"_blank">moore@network-here=
tics.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I also d=
on&#39;t think it&#39;s either constructive or appropriate to dismiss the o=
pinions of those who invested huge amounts of time 20+ years ago into forgi=
ng an understanding of how URNs needed to work, or the consensus documents =
that they produced, as dated, irrelevant, or illusory.=C2=A0 =C2=A0 Insults=
 such as these demand responses, responses snowball, and the tendency is fo=
r those discussions to become ugly.=C2=A0 =C2=A0I think those discussions a=
re much more of a deterrent to making technical progress than discussions a=
bout the meaning of URNs - whether or not you label them as hair-splitting.=
</blockquote></div><br>I don&#39;t think insults were intended.</div><div c=
lass=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">But when outsider=
s see 20 year-old arguments being rehashed, they tend to think &quot;religi=
on&quot; and move on. It makes getting review of our documents more difficu=
lt.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">-a=
ndy</div></div>

--f46d04428066510730051715df88--


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On 05/27/2015 04:13 PM, Andrew Newton wrote:
>
> On Wed, May 27, 2015 at 4:00 PM, Keith Moore 
> <moore@network-heretics.com <mailto:moore@network-heretics.com>> wrote:
>
>     I also don't think it's either constructive or appropriate to
>     dismiss the opinions of those who invested huge amounts of time
>     20+ years ago into forging an understanding of how URNs needed to
>     work, or the consensus documents that they produced, as dated,
>     irrelevant, or illusory.    Insults such as these demand
>     responses, responses snowball, and the tendency is for those
>     discussions to become ugly.   I think those discussions are much
>     more of a deterrent to making technical progress than discussions
>     about the meaning of URNs - whether or not you label them as
>     hair-splitting.
>
>
> I don't think insults were intended.
>
> But when outsiders see 20 year-old arguments being rehashed, they tend 
> to think "religion" and move on. It makes getting review of our 
> documents more difficult.
>
> -andy

So we're basically supposed to ignore all of the history and thinking 
and consensus that went into URNs and just accept whatever the document 
authors say?

Keith


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  <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF" text="#000000">
    <div class="moz-cite-prefix">On 05/27/2015 04:13 PM, Andrew Newton
      wrote:<br>
    </div>
    <blockquote
cite="mid:CAAQiQRduarovPGsGbi+kwcw_Z_-Wa8Y41Su9nEgQ3jRWB7=yPA@mail.gmail.com"
      type="cite">
      <div dir="ltr">
        <div class="gmail_extra"><br>
          <div class="gmail_quote">On Wed, May 27, 2015 at 4:00 PM,
            Keith Moore <span dir="ltr">&lt;<a moz-do-not-send="true"
                href="mailto:moore@network-heretics.com" target="_blank">moore@network-heretics.com</a>&gt;</span>
            wrote:<br>
            <blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0
              .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">I also
              don't think it's either constructive or appropriate to
              dismiss the opinions of those who invested huge amounts of
              time 20+ years ago into forging an understanding of how
              URNs needed to work, or the consensus documents that they
              produced, as dated, irrelevant, or illusory.    Insults
              such as these demand responses, responses snowball, and
              the tendency is for those discussions to become ugly.   I
              think those discussions are much more of a deterrent to
              making technical progress than discussions about the
              meaning of URNs - whether or not you label them as
              hair-splitting.</blockquote>
          </div>
          <br>
          I don't think insults were intended.</div>
        <div class="gmail_extra"><br>
        </div>
        <div class="gmail_extra">But when outsiders see 20 year-old
          arguments being rehashed, they tend to think "religion" and
          move on. It makes getting review of our documents more
          difficult.</div>
        <div class="gmail_extra"><br>
        </div>
        <div class="gmail_extra">-andy</div>
      </div>
    </blockquote>
    <br>
    So we're basically supposed to ignore all of the history and
    thinking and consensus that went into URNs and just accept whatever
    the document authors say?   <br>
    <br>
    Keith<br>
    <br>
  </body>
</html>

--------------060005060406020109010107--


From nobody Wed May 27 13:29:37 2015
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Date: Wed, 27 May 2015 12:29:31 -0800
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On 5/27/15 12:17 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> So we're basically supposed to ignore all of the history and thinking
> and consensus that went into URNs and just accept whatever the document
> authors say?  

No, of course not.  I think the concern here is that discussion
stay rooted in engineering considerations, and that objections
that are raised should be as specific as possible about what would
break and why that's a problem.  In the interest of producing a
usable, useful spec we do need to stay focused on engineering
considerations.

Melinda


From nobody Wed May 27 13:32:01 2015
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--f46d043be04c71100b0517162249
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On Wed, May 27, 2015 at 4:17 PM, Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
wrote:

> So we're basically supposed to ignore all of the history and thinking and
> consensus that went into URNs and just accept whatever the document authors
> say?


Keith,

There is quite a bit of distance between the point I was making and the
conclusion you seem to have drawn.

-andy

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<div dir=3D"ltr"><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br><div class=3D"gmail_quote">=
On Wed, May 27, 2015 at 4:17 PM, Keith Moore <span dir=3D"ltr">&lt;<a href=
=3D"mailto:moore@network-heretics.com" target=3D"_blank">moore@network-here=
tics.com</a>&gt;</span> wrote:<br><blockquote class=3D"gmail_quote" style=
=3D"margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex">So we&#3=
9;re basically supposed to ignore all of the history and
    thinking and consensus that went into URNs and just accept whatever
    the document authors say?</blockquote></div><br>Keith,</div><div class=
=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_extra">There is quite a bit =
of distance between the point I was making and the conclusion you seem to h=
ave drawn.</div><div class=3D"gmail_extra"><br></div><div class=3D"gmail_ex=
tra">-andy</div></div>

--f46d043be04c71100b0517162249--


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On 05/27/2015 04:29 PM, Melinda Shore wrote:
> On 5/27/15 12:17 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>> So we're basically supposed to ignore all of the history and thinking
>> and consensus that went into URNs and just accept whatever the document
>> authors say?
> No, of course not.  I think the concern here is that discussion
> stay rooted in engineering considerations, and that objections
> that are raised should be as specific as possible about what would
> break and why that's a problem.  In the interest of producing a
> usable, useful spec we do need to stay focused on engineering
> considerations.

I'm entirely concerned about things that have the potential to affect 
interoperability and applicability of URNs.   I think those qualify as 
engineering concerns.   But there's a lot of subtlety to URNs, and the 
URN specifications reflect a lot of carefully-considered decisions that 
were made for reasons that are not exposed in those specifications and 
perhaps not obvious.

So whenever some proposal has the potential to affect interoperability 
or applicability of URNs, I think it's reasonable to discuss the 
thinking behind those decisions.   It's not that I want to rehash old 
discussions, but sometimes it seems like the simplest way to explain why 
a particular proposal to change URNs, namespace registration, etc. might 
do harm.

Keith


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On 05/27/2015 01:59 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
> --On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 08:35 -0400 Keith Moore
> <moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:
>
>> On 05/27/2015 08:27 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>>> On a related note, I think it is entirely reasonable to
>>> include space in the template for people to describe how
>>> their namespace uses any or all of p-/q-/r-/f-components
>>> without getting involved with elaborate standardization
>>> attempts or registration models for the syntax and contents
>>> of those fields.
>> Strongly disagree with this.
>>
>> - I thought we had done away with p-components and just
>> decided to permit '/' in NSS.
> Keith,
>
> This is another example of the reasons why I am finding all of
> the theorizing and repetitive threads involving very few people
> to be problematic.

I share your frustration with the small number of participants. And yet, 
it's hard to escape the impression that it's okay for some people to do 
theorizing and repeat themselves, but not for others.

> What I had understood from trying to follow the various threads
> is that we were getting close to agreement on a particular way
> to talk about "/".  I hadn't make the leap from there to "done
> away with p-components".  More broadly, I don't get from "one or
> two people repeated themselves several times" to "we agreed" (or
> "we had done away with").  There have been no comments from
> anything resembling a diverse group of WG participants and the
> number of consensus calls or other comments from the co-chairs
> on this subject has been, well, very small.

In a very small group of participants, some/most of whom pop in only 
occasionally, it's hard to know how to evaluate consensus.   I thought 
we had moved past p-components into simply allowing '/' to appear in an 
NSS, but others may still be thinking in terms of p-components.   That's 
fine - but I think it is better to state assumptions and let others 
challenge them, than to leave them unstated and assume that everyone 
else is thinking the same way.
>> - q-components are interpreted by the resource, not by the
>> namespace.  It's very important to make this clear, otherwise
>> there will be tussles over their use.
> I don't see any conflict between "interpreted by the resource"
> and a statement of intent about the namespace.  After all,
> namespaces are supposed to be managed and relatively
> homogeneous.

Speaking of theorizing, I'm wondering where that idea came from. I don't 
believe that namespaces are "supposed" to be relatively homogeneous.   I 
might have forgotten but I don't recall seeing that in any of the URN WG 
consensus documents (1737, 2141, etc.) nor do I recall anything 
resembling a consensus on that from URN WG discussion.

(And again, we should be careful about overgeneralizing from early use 
of URNs.   So I don't think existing URN namespaces should be used as an 
argument in favor of dictating policy, unless of course we've identified 
something from early use that's broken and needs to be fixed.)

What I do believe is that it's fairly natural for URN namespaces to be 
aligned with specific user communities, especially communities that 
already have their own namespaces established.    And such communities 
and other pre-existing namespaces have often formed around particular 
kinds of content or media.   So there's an observable tendency for 
existing URN namespaces to be aligned with particular kinds of content 
or media.   But that's not a requirement, and it shouldn't be 
interpreted as one.

Back to q-components.   The first issue I have with documenting them as 
part of URN namespace registration is that this threatens to conflict 
with the notion that when a URN is resolved to a URL, a q-component 
attached to that URN becomes a query attached to that URL.   That's a 
nice, simple way of interpreting q-components that is highly likely to 
be implemented correctly, highly likely to be interoperable between 
different implementations, makes sense across all namespaces, and 
doesn't make resources that accept queries less functional when named by 
URNs.     That's awesome, and I wish we could make everything we do in 
IETF work that well.

But if there's also a namespace-specific interpretation of q-components 
that's specified in that namespace's registration, then there are *two* 
specifications for how to interpret a q-component, and a very high 
probability of conflict between the two.   This is what I want to 
avoid.    I don't want client implementors trying to second-guess 
whether to interpret q-components according to each namespace's 
registration vs. the general rule for handling q-components.   And I 
don't want namespaces to get the idea that they can override 
interpretation of q-components.

Second concern:   Of course, if a namespace wants to decree that it will 
only assign its URNs to resources that implement q-components in one 
particular way, and it wants to document that, it's free to do so.   And 
if that namespace wants to document that information, they should be 
free to do so.   But putting spaces for that in the URN registration 
template is basically encouraging them to nail down their specification 
for q-components.   In addition to the interoperability concerns I 
stated above, I think this is probably shortsighted.   It's basically 
encouraging the namespace to say "we know what q-components are going to 
need to look like for every resource we want to name, for all time, or 
at least until we update our namespace registration".   And I think 
media are changing so quickly these days that it's very hard to 
anticipate what future needs will be.   So I don't think IETF should 
particularly encourage that level of specification in general.   For a 
couple of namespaces it might make sense, but I think those are corner 
cases rather than the general case.

My concerns for f-components are similar.   Again, I thought 
f-components were supposed to map to URL fragments, and fragments are 
(for better or worse) supposed to be independent of the name or service 
used to access the content.    So we don't want to give URN namespaces 
the impression that they can override this in the namespace 
registration.   And again, if a URN namespace elects to refuse to assign 
its URNs to any resources that contain fragment IDs that don't conform 
to its standards for naming fragments, it's free to do so, but I think 
that's probably shortsighted and IETF probably shouldn't encourage it in 
general.   It might make more sense in a couple of corner cases.

As for r-components, I'll address those in a separate message.

Keith


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From: "Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat)" <ldaigle@thinkingcat.com>
To: "Peter Saint-Andre - &yet" <peter@andyet.net>
Date: Wed, 27 May 2015 17:51:49 -0400
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Cc: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>, Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
Subject: Re: [urn] II -- fragments and queries Re: suggested text changes for -12 on p-components, f- and q-components in URN resolution, and relative references
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Hi,

In-line=E2=80=A6

On 26 May 2015, at 23:30, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:

> On 4/28/15 8:59 AM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>
>> I've been chewing on the proposed f-component and q-component text.
>
> Me too. I will chew on it further and try to formulate even clearer=20
> text based on what Keith has so helpfully proposed.
>
>> I
>> think we need to be clear(er) about the overall concept:  how do
>> fragments and queries fit with instance-independent naming of=20
>> resources?
>> I think it was, indeed, progress to focus on their use as applied to
>> resolution to content (via URN or URL), but I don't think the concept=20
>> of
>> composing parts is quite captured in the proposed text.
>
> Could you perhaps describe a bit more what you mean by "the concept of=20
> composing parts"?

What happens when your URN has f-components and q-components and it=20
resolves to a URL with f-components and q-components was the main issue,=20
if memory serves=E2=80=A6

Leslie.

>
>> It reads as a
>> bunch of complex rules, from which people might (or might not) derive=20
>> a
>> shared concept.
>
> Agreed that the shared concept is key here.
>
>> Example:  If I have a URN for a particular article, that could=20
>> resolve
>> to a URL or a URL for a book with a fragment ID for the article's
>> position within the book.   Suppose the f-component on the URN is for=20
>> a
>> particular section of the article.  By the rules outlined below, that
>> resolves correctly IFF the resolution process goes for content or=20
>> gets a
>> URL that is undecorated by fragments.
>
> That's not good.
>
>> Leslie.
>>
>> On 4/23/15 2:02 AM, Keith Moore wrote:
>
> <snip/>
>
>>> (new section.  note: text in brackets/italics about r-components=20
>>> should
>>> only be included if r-component proposal is adopted)
>>>
>>> TBD.A. Use of f- and q-components in URN resolution
>>>
>>> Since a URN, by design, does not contain either explicitly or=20
>>> implicitly
>>> the name or address of a network service which can be used to access=20
>>> the
>>> resource named by the URN, an application wishing to access that
>>> resource must somehow discover one or more "resolution services"=20
>>> which
>>> can, given the URN, either provide the resource content directly, or
>>> provide information to the application to enable it to access the
>>> resource.
>>>
>>> Though f- and q-components may appear in a URN, they are not=20
>>> assigned or
>>> managed by the URN namespace, but instead evaluated in the context=20
>>> of
>>> the named resource.   Specifically, an f-component of a URN refers=20
>>> to a
>>> "fragment" of the resource named by the URN, and a q-component of a=20
>>> URN
>>> is used to specify a "query" to be evaluated by the resource named=20
>>> by
>>> the URN.   This convention ensures consistent use of these=20
>>> components
>>> across all URN namespaces, and preserves the ability to reference
>>> "fragments" of resources named by URNs that have fragments, and to
>>> specify "queries" with resources named by URNs that support queries.
>>> In order to preserve this ability, f-components and q-components=20
>>> MUST
>>> NOT be transmitted to a URN resolution service except when that=20
>>> service
>>> is being requested to provide direct access (or access via proxy) to=20
>>> the
>>> resource itself.   For all other requests, the client MUST transmit=20
>>> only
>>> the "assigned-part" of a URN /[ along with any r-component//, if
>>> specified ]/ to the URN resolution service.
>>>
>>> A resolution service processing a request for a URN MUST ignore any
>>> f-component or q-component of that URN unless the request is to=20
>>> provide
>>> direct access (or access via proxy) to the named resource.   If the
>>> request is to provide access to the named resource (as opposed to,=20
>>> say,
>>> resource locations or resource metadata), the resolution service=20
>>> MUST
>>> ignore the f-component of the URN and SHOULD (if possible) process=20
>>> the
>>> q-component as if it were a query transmitted to the resource,=20
>>> returning
>>> the resource's response to that query.  If the resolution service=20
>>> cannot
>>> provide the requested access to the resource, but instead returns
>>> resource locations, the f-component and q-component of the request=20
>>> URN
>>> MUST be ignored in determining these locations, and MUST NOT be=20
>>> included
>>> as fragment and query (respectively) in the returned locations.
>>>
>>> These rules are intended to impose a layer separation between the=20
>>> URN
>>> resolution service and the content, and to discourage the URN=20
>>> resolution
>>> service from returning different results depending on the presence=20
>>> of f-
>>> and/or q-components in the request.
>>>
>>> If the resource named by a URN that contains an f- and/or=20
>>> q-component is
>>> accessed via an intermediate URI (other than a URN) obtained from a
>>> resolution service, and that intermediate URI contains neither a
>>> fragment nor a query, the q-component (if present) is appended to=20
>>> the
>>> intermediate URI as a query, and the f-component (if present) is
>>> appended to the intermediate URI as a fragment (in that order).  The
>>> resulting URI is then processed according to RFC 3986.
>>>
>>> Example: If the URN urn:example:foo?bar#zot appears in a link, the
>>> client application might transmit the assigned-part of that URN
>>> (urn:example:foo) to a resolution service with a request for=20
>>> resource
>>> locations.   The resolution service might then return the=20
>>> intermediate
>>> URI http://example.com/whatnot/xyzzy as one of those locations.  =20
>>> The
>>> client would then append ?bar#zot to that intermediate URI producing
>>> http://example.com/whatnot/xyzzy?bar#zot .   This URI would then be
>>> processed per normal RFC 3986 rules.
>>>
>>> A resolution service MAY return an intermediate URI which contains a
>>> fragment and/or a query.   If the intermediate URI contains a=20
>>> fragment
>>> or a query, any f- or q-component from the URN is ignored.   (This
>>> situation is basically no different than anyone composing a URI from=20
>>> a
>>> base URI plus a fragment and/or query without being aware of what
>>> fragments and/or queries are valid in the context of the named
>>> resource.   Any user or document author may combine URIs with=20
>>> arbitrary
>>> queries and/or fragments, but that doesn't mean that the results=20
>>> will do
>>> what the user or author intended.)
>>>
>>> Example: If the URN urn:example:foo?bar#zot appeared in a link, a
>>> resolution service might be requested to return locations of the URN
>>> urn:example:foo .  If such a service returned an intermediate URI
>>> http://example.com/whatnot/xyzzy?abcde , neither the q-component=20
>>> ?bar
>>> nor the f-component #zot would be appended to the intermediate URI
>>> before processing it.
>>>
>>> If the content of a resource named by a URN containing an=20
>>> f-component is
>>> obtained directly from a resolution service, the f-component SHOULD=20
>>> be
>>> treated as a "fragment" and evaluated with respect to that content,=20
>>> just
>>> as if the content had been obtained from any other service.
>
>
>
> --=20
> Peter Saint-Andre
> https://andyet.com/
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


From nobody Wed May 27 14:52:33 2015
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Date: Wed, 27 May 2015 17:52:08 -0400
From: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
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Subject: [urn] rethinking r-components
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I originally proposed r-components for two reasons:

1) every single discussion of URN resolution I can recall revealed a 
desire to incorporate resolution service requests into URNs
2) somewhat along the same lines, there was expressed interest in using 
q-components / queries to communicate requests to resolution services, 
and I wanted to avoid the potential for this to conflict with use of 
q-components to transmit queries to resources that were capable of 
accepting them.

But now I'm wondering whether r-components are worth the trouble, and if 
they are, whether we can keep them from getting out-of-hand.

Our discussions have revealed several issues:

- Syntax and specification delay.   If we're going to define 
r-components, we need to do it now.   But it's hard to nail down 
r-component syntax if we can't tell what we need, and hard to tell what 
we need if we can't agree on how they're likely to be used.
- Even if we settle on name-value pairs, there's some reluctance to 
create a registry of names for r-components.   Without a registry, there 
seems to be a significant risk of expecting clients to be aware of 
namespace-specific r-components for several different namespaces, and 
that threatens to degrade the long-term utility of URNs that aren't from 
namespaces that are supported by clients.
- In addition to r-components being transmitted to resolution services, 
it appears that clients also have to be aware of r-components.
- If r-components are used to narrow the result set from a resolution 
service (as I originally assumed) it seems that they're likely to be 
both very lengthy and difficult for humans to parse/read, due to the 
necessity of encoding such information in URI syntax.
- The left vs right discussion that John and I have been having is a 
relatively minor concern, but it does highlight the potential for 
q-components to require an extra layer of encoding as a result of 
r-component syntax decisions.

So I'm now back to thinking that narrowing of results from a resolution 
query is perhaps best done in a conventional programming language 
(presumably JavaScript in the web environment) and that perhaps defining 
a standard URN resolution API for use by programming languages will 
result in better interoperability and robustness than trying to cram 
queries and selectors into URN r-components.   And that leaves me 
wondering what's left for r-components to do.   Maybe just service 
requests like  U2C, U2L, U2R?

Also, it seems to me that in most cases of web usage, the service 
desired from the resolution server can be inferred from context. e.g.

<A HREF="urn:example:foo">  is an interactively-clickable link, and a 
browser can reasonably implement a click by presenting the resource, OR 
presenting its metadata and allowing a click-through to the resource, 
and the behavior might even be different for different resources (e.g. 
if some sort of payment or authentication is required).

<IMG SRC="urn:example:foo">  requires that the content be accessed 
without prompting the user, so the browser will need to either get the 
content directly from the resolution service (U2R) or get a location of 
the content (U2L) and download the content from there.

<FORM ACTION="urn:example:foo"> - the browser must do a U2L request and 
submit the form to one of those locations.



So now my questions are:

- should we dispense with r-components entirely, and can we do so 
without inviting overloading of q-components for resolution service 
parameters?  (I think the latter is still important.)
- if we keep r-components, should we try to limit how they're used so 
that people don't try to cram a general purpose query language into them?



From nobody Wed May 27 15:03:46 2015
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From: "Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat)" <ldaigle@thinkingcat.com>
To: "Peter Saint-Andre - &yet" <peter@andyet.net>
Date: Wed, 27 May 2015 18:03:42 -0400
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Subject: Re: [urn] Re-examining p-components (and "/", hierarchy, and relative references)
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My recollection aligned with Keith=E2=80=99s =E2=80=94 that we agreed to =
do away=20
with p-components.   Digging back, have a look at the thread that=20
started with Keith=E2=80=99s message with subject =E2=80=9Csuggested text=
 changes=20
for -12 on p-components, f- and q-components in URN resolution, and=20
relative references=E2=80=9D.

It made sense to Keith, me, Juha and Sven at the time, it seems.  (And=20
it still makes sense to me, FWIW :^) ).

Leslie.

--=20

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Leslie Daigle
Principal, ThinkingCat Enterprises
ldaigle@thinkingcat.com
-------------------------------------------------------------------
On 26 May 2015, at 22:35, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:

> On 4/17/15 10:01 AM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>
>>
>> I think this is a rational, if hypothetical, reason for p-components,
>> and my requirement would be for the document to be clear about the=20
>> use:
>>
>>> For those namespaces that need additional qualification (beyond
>>> the traditional NSS) that still participates in equality
>>> checking, that has so far left p-components as the only logical
>>> option.  Perhaps there is some other syntax that would do the
>>> job --a hypothetical X-component -- but, so far, no one has
>>> proposed one and the logic of 3986 is such that I think we can
>>> expect any such syntax proposal to produce cries of pain about
>>> generic URI parsers and related topics.
>>
>>
>> IMO, that can be achieved by being clear about what the NSS is,=20
>> assert
>> that relative URNs are not expected/permitted, and attest that "/"
>> should not be used in a URN simply because one is importing a=20
>> namespace
>> that happens to use them and it's a matter of syntactic convenience=20
>> not
>> to escape them with %-encoding.
>
> How is this for proposed text?
>
>  The namespace specific string (NSS) is a unique identifier that is
>  assigned in a consistent way and that conforms to the definition of
>  the relevant namespace.  The combination of the NID (unique across
>  the entire "urn" scheme) and the NSS (unique within the namespace)
>  ensures that the resulting URN is a globally unique URI.
>
>  This document modifies the syntax of the NSS to allow the following
>  characters: "/", "~", and "&".
>
>  In particular, allowing the "/" character effectively makes it
>  possible to encapsulate hierarchical identifiers from other naming
>  systems.  For instance, consider the hypothetical example of a
>  hierarchical naming system in which the identifiers take the form of
>  a series of numbers separated by the "/" character, such as "1/406/
>  47452/2".  If the naming authority for such identifiers were to use
>  URNs, it would be natural to place the existing identifiers in the
>  NSS, resulting in URNs such as "urn:example:1/406/47452/2".
>  Nevertheless, it is not appropriate the "/" character be used in a
>  URN merely because the URN namespace is importing a naming system
>  that happens to use the character; it is simply a matter of syntactic
>  convenience not to escape the character with percent-encoding.
>
> Peter
>
> --=20
> Peter Saint-Andre
> https://andyet.com/
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


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From: "Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat)" <ldaigle@thinkingcat.com>
To: "Peter Saint-Andre - &yet" <peter@andyet.net>
Date: Wed, 27 May 2015 18:07:27 -0400
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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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FWIW, I=E2=80=99m not just worried about =E2=80=9Crogue=E2=80=9D, I=E2=80=
=99m worried about=20
having a plethora of available tools to apply to URNs and no way to=20
determine what the minter of the URN intended.

And, I believe that=E2=80=99s a change of the spec.

Leslie.

--=20

-------------------------------------------------------------------
Leslie Daigle
Principal, ThinkingCat Enterprises
ldaigle@thinkingcat.com
-------------------------------------------------------------------
On 26 May 2015, at 19:09, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:

> On 4/30/15 11:23 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>> For reference, the current (-11) text of section 7.3.6:
>>
>> 7.3.6.  Resolution
>>
>> The "Resolution" section MUST specify whether resolution mechanisms
>> are supported or anticipated for URNs assigned within the namespace,
>> and if so SHOULD specify or reference the rules governing those
>> mechanisms.
>>
>> In particular, if resolution is anticipated and resolver registration
>> of some kind is required, for example via a Resolution Discovery
>> System [RFC2276], this section SHOULD list the requirements for
>> becoming a recognized resolver of URNs in the relevant namespace.
>>
>> I believe this section needs work for multiple reasons:
>>
>> * resolution is, fundamentally, not a per-namespace operation. A
>> namespace can support a resolution service for URNs that it assigns
>> if it chooses to do so (and it will likely have high quality
>> information), but any other party can also provide a service to look
>> up URNs from any namespace.   Tying resolution services to any
>> specific party degrades the persistence of URNs, because a URN
>> should remain valid and potentially resolvable even if its namespace
>> (or the organization operating it) ceases to exist, or even if its
>> namespace imposes barriers to use of its resolution services.
>
> URNs from many NIDs are not intended to be resolvable at all, i.e.,=20
> they are what we have termed "abstract designators". Most or all of=20
> the URNs used as XML namespace names are abstract designators.
>
>> * Rules for resolution should not be namespace-specific, because this
>> discourages general-purpose resolution services.   (A namespace can
>> of course recommend specific resolution services and/or specific
>> protocols for use with those services, but this section is worded as
>> if resolution itself were some sort of fundamentally
>> namespace-specific operation)
>>
>> Here's a stab at alternate text:
>>
>> 7.3.6. Resolution
>>
>> The "Resolution" section is optional.
>
> It seems safer for all sections of the template to be mandatory. If no=20
> resolution is envisioned (primarily because the URNs for a given=20
> namespace are intended to be abstract designators), then it's good to=20
> make that explicit here.
>
>> If included, it SHOULD
>> specify whether the namespace intends to operate or recommend any
>> resolution services for URNs using that namespace.
>
> I don't think a namespace can operate a resolution service! :-) But I=20
> suppose you meant something like "the organization responsible for a=20
> namespace".
>
>> In addition, if the
>> namespace intends to implement registration for publicly-advertised
>> resolution services (for example using a system like that described=20
>> in
>> [RFC2276]) the Resolution section SHOULD list the requirements for=20
>> being
>> publicly-advertised using that mechanism.
>
> I think that's acceptable. I know Leslie is concerned about rogue=20
> resolution services, but if the organization that assigns URNs in a=20
> namespace is able to specify its requirements for appropriate=20
> resolution of those URNs, then we have some mechanism for determining=20
> if a service is resolving those URNs in a way that is consistent with=20
> the assigning organization's intent.
>
> Peter
>
> --=20
> Peter Saint-Andre
> https://andyet.com/
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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On 5/27/15 4:07 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>
> FWIW, I’m not just worried about “rogue”, I’m worried about having a
> plethora of available tools to apply to URNs and no way to determine
> what the minter of the URN intended.
>
> And, I believe that’s a change of the spec.

I seem to be in the rough about my desire to remove all discussion of 
resolution from the syntax and registration specification. Every time we 
talk about resolution, we seem to fall down a rat hole of unusual size. 
Since we're not replacing RFC 2276 in parallel with replacing RFC 2141 
and RFC 3406, I feel like we're flying blind with respect to all 
resolution-related topics.

Just my $0.02.

Peter



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Subject: Re: [urn] II -- fragments and queries Re: suggested text changes for -12 on p-components, f- and q-components in URN resolution, and relative references
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On 5/27/15 3:51 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
> Hi,
>
> In-line…
>
> On 26 May 2015, at 23:30, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>
>> On 4/28/15 8:59 AM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>>
>>> I've been chewing on the proposed f-component and q-component text.
>>
>> Me too. I will chew on it further and try to formulate even clearer
>> text based on what Keith has so helpfully proposed.
>>
>>> I
>>> think we need to be clear(er) about the overall concept:  how do
>>> fragments and queries fit with instance-independent naming of resources?
>>> I think it was, indeed, progress to focus on their use as applied to
>>> resolution to content (via URN or URL), but I don't think the concept of
>>> composing parts is quite captured in the proposed text.
>>
>> Could you perhaps describe a bit more what you mean by "the concept of
>> composing parts"?
>
> What happens when your URN has f-components and q-components and it
> resolves to a URL with f-components and q-components was the main issue,
> if memory serves…

Thanks for the clarification. That is indeed a conundrum.

Peter



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On 5/27/15 4:03 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>
> My recollection aligned with Keith’s — that we agreed to do away with
> p-components.   Digging back, have a look at the thread that started
> with Keith’s message with subject “suggested text changes for -12 on
> p-components, f- and q-components in URN resolution, and relative
> references”.
>
> It made sense to Keith, me, Juha and Sven at the time, it seems.  (And
> it still makes sense to me, FWIW :^) ).

As I recall, we got rid of p-components but didn't disallow "/" in the 
NSS. A rose by any other name...

Peter



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Subject: Re: [urn] Re-examining p-components (and "/", hierarchy, and relative references)
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On 5/27/15 5:05 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Tuesday, May 26, 2015 20:35 -0600 Peter Saint-Andre - &yet
> <peter@andyet.net> wrote:
>
>> ...
>>      In particular, allowing the "/" character effectively
>> makes it
>>      possible to encapsulate hierarchical identifiers from
>> other naming
>>      systems.  For instance, consider the hypothetical example
>> of a
>>      hierarchical naming system in which the identifiers take
>> the form of
>>      a series of numbers separated by the "/" character, such
>> as "1/406/
>>      47452/2".  If the naming authority for such identifiers
>> were to use
>>      URNs, it would be natural to place the existing
>> identifiers in the
>>      NSS, resulting in URNs such as "urn:example:1/406/47452/2".
>>      Nevertheless, it is not appropriate the "/" character be
>> used in a
>>      URN merely because the URN namespace is importing a naming
>> system
>>      that happens to use the character; it is simply a matter
>> of syntactic
>>      convenience not to escape the character with
>> percent-encoding.
>
> Peter,
>
> Up to the last sentence (and including the parts not quoted
> above, this seems ok to me.  But I can't quite parse that last
> sentence or figure out what it means -- it seems to be
> contradicting the text above it.

Hmm, yes. I'd be fine with removing that final sentence (this is one of 
the problems with trying to stitch together proposed text from different 
contributors).

Peter



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--On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 21:07 -0600 Peter Saint-Andre -
&yet <peter@andyet.net> wrote:

>>>      In particular, allowing the "/" character effectively
>>> makes it
>>>      possible to encapsulate hierarchical identifiers from
>>> other naming
>>>      systems.  For instance, consider the hypothetical
>>>      example of a
>>>      hierarchical naming system in which the identifiers take
>>> the form of
>>>      a series of numbers separated by the "/" character, such
>>> as "1/406/
>>>      47452/2".  If the naming authority for such identifiers
>>> were to use
>>>      URNs, it would be natural to place the existing
>>> identifiers in the
>>>      NSS, resulting in URNs such as
>>>      "urn:example:1/406/47452/2". Nevertheless, it is not
>>>      appropriate the "/" character be used in a
>>>      URN merely because the URN namespace is importing a
>>>      naming system
>>>      that happens to use the character; it is simply a matter
>>> of syntactic
>>>      convenience not to escape the character with
>>> percent-encoding.
>> 
>> Peter,
>> 
>> Up to the last sentence (and including the parts not quoted
>> above, this seems ok to me.  But I can't quite parse that last
>> sentence or figure out what it means -- it seems to be
>> contradicting the text above it.
> 
> Hmm, yes. I'd be fine with removing that final sentence (this
> is one of the problems with trying to stitch together proposed
> text from different contributors).

Simply removing it works for me.
   john




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--On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 21:06 -0600 Peter Saint-Andre -
&yet <peter@andyet.net> wrote:

> On 5/27/15 4:03 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>=20
>> My recollection aligned with Keith's =E2=80=94 that we agreed =
to
>> do away with p-components.   Digging back, have a look at the
>> thread that started with Keith's message with subject
>> "suggested text changes for -12 on p-components, f- and
>> q-components in URN resolution, and relative references".
>>=20
>> It made sense to Keith, me, Juha and Sven at the time, it
>> seems.  (And it still makes sense to me, FWIW :^) ).
>=20
> As I recall, we got rid of p-components but didn't disallow
> "/" in the NSS. A rose by any other name...

So, we allow "/", we don't treat it in any way as a special
delimiter that serves the delimiter function described in
Section 1.2.3 of RFC 3986, breaks the opacity discussed in the
last paragraph of that section and breaks the path into segments
regardless of whether we interpret those separately.=20

It also takes us into relative reference territory.  The only
thing 2141bis says on that subject right now is the second
paragraph of Section 5,=20

I'm ok with all of the above, but want to check and make sure
everyone else is too because this is pushing the boundaries of
"conform to 3986 syntax".

   john




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Subject: Re: [urn] Re-examining p-components (and "/", hierarchy, and relative references)
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As I understand it (which may be wrong), the real desire in URNBIS has=20
been to be able to have =E2=80=9C/=E2=80=9C, not a belief in the need for=
=20
=E2=80=9Cp-components=E2=80=9D or relative URNs (which are, as you note, =
different).

With that:

On 28 May 2015, at 0:01, John C Klensin wrote:

> --On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 21:06 -0600 Peter Saint-Andre -
> &yet <peter@andyet.net> wrote:
>
>> On 5/27/15 4:03 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>>
>>> My recollection aligned with Keith's =E2=80=94 that we agreed to
>>> do away with p-components.   Digging back, have a look at the
>>> thread that started with Keith's message with subject
>>> "suggested text changes for -12 on p-components, f- and
>>> q-components in URN resolution, and relative references".
>>>
>>> It made sense to Keith, me, Juha and Sven at the time, it
>>> seems.  (And it still makes sense to me, FWIW :^) ).
>>
>> As I recall, we got rid of p-components but didn't disallow
>> "/" in the NSS. A rose by any other name...
>
> So, we allow "/", we don't treat it in any way as a special
> delimiter that serves the delimiter function described in
> Section 1.2.3 of RFC 3986, breaks the opacity discussed in the
> last paragraph of that section and breaks the path into segments
> regardless of whether we interpret those separately.

I don=E2=80=99t believe that is the case in what we discussed on that thr=
ead=20
=E2=80=94 because the belief and expectation is that =E2=80=9C/=E2=80=9C =
appears in single=20
instances within the NSS, and the whole string is treated as=20
=E2=80=9Cpath-rootless=E2=80=9D.

As I wrote at the time =E2=80=94 I am not a URI parser and I still wouldn=
't=20
object to hearing confirmation from someone who does deal in non-URN URI=20
parsing for a living.

If that=E2=80=99s a mis-understanding, then, indeed, we=E2=80=99re not wh=
ere I (at=20
least) thought we were.

Leslie.
>
> It also takes us into relative reference territory.  The only
> thing 2141bis says on that subject right now is the second
> paragraph of Section 5,
>
> I'm ok with all of the above, but want to check and make sure
> everyone else is too because this is pushing the boundaries of
> "conform to 3986 syntax".
>
>  john
>
>
>
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>, "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [urn] Historical URNs, rants, and progress
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Date: Thu, 28 May 2015 14:32:41 +0000
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Subject: Re: [urn] Historical URNs, rants, and progress
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Keith,

On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 11:08 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>=20
> On 05/27/2015 04:29 PM, Melinda Shore wrote:
> > On 5/27/15 12:17 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
> >> So we're basically supposed to ignore all of the history and thinking
> >> and consensus that went into URNs and just accept whatever the documen=
t
> >> authors say?
> > No, of course not.  I think the concern here is that discussion
> > stay rooted in engineering considerations, and that objections
> > that are raised should be as specific as possible about what would
> > break and why that's a problem.  In the interest of producing a
> > usable, useful spec we do need to stay focused on engineering
> > considerations.
>=20
> I'm entirely concerned about things that have the potential to affect
> interoperability and applicability of URNs.   I think those qualify as
> engineering concerns.   But there's a lot of subtlety to URNs, and the
> URN specifications reflect a lot of carefully-considered decisions that
> were made for reasons that are not exposed in those specifications and
> perhaps not obvious.

Then we should ensure that those considerations and their raisons-d'=EAtre =
are exposed in future specifications. I think that would help future review=
ers to go down the same ratholes that we seem to do.

/Lars


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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [urn] Namespace consensus and registrations
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Subject: Re: [urn] Namespace consensus and registrations
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All,

On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 11:10 PM, Keith Moore wrote:
>=20
> On 05/27/2015 01:59 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
> >
> > --On Wednesday, May 27, 2015 08:35 -0400 Keith Moore
> > <moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:
> >
> >> On 05/27/2015 08:27 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
> >>> On a related note, I think it is entirely reasonable to
> >>> include space in the template for people to describe how
> >>> their namespace uses any or all of p-/q-/r-/f-components
> >>> without getting involved with elaborate standardization
> >>> attempts or registration models for the syntax and contents
> >>> of those fields.
> >> Strongly disagree with this.
> >>
> >> - I thought we had done away with p-components and just
> >> decided to permit '/' in NSS.
> > Keith,
> >
> > This is another example of the reasons why I am finding all of
> > the theorizing and repetitive threads involving very few people
> > to be problematic.
>=20
> I share your frustration with the small number of participants. And yet,
> it's hard to escape the impression that it's okay for some people to do
> theorizing and repeat themselves, but not for others.

I can only speak for myself, but I'm not always in a position to fully unde=
rstand the consequences of certain engineering decisions and I certainly ca=
nnot fully appreciate all the decisions taken 20 years ago. My contribution=
s are more from the pow of a memory organisation having a large base of dep=
loyed URNs but also see that the current specifications are extremely limit=
ing and that we need to move forward. Since our job is to ensure that certa=
in classes of resources that we manage (aka "documents") are still availabl=
e and -- more importantly -- addressable in 500 years (or more). This perha=
ps boils down to three requirements:
1) persistence of coupling between name and object
2) possibility to resolve a name to an object, its metadata or a tombstone =
(if the object is not available any more).
3) backward compatibility: we must not break existing URNs

1) and 2) are about registration and resolution. 3) is about syntax, and si=
nce we do have some URNs with '/' in them (minted by mistakes several years=
 ago before we had proper quality control in place) I'm actively advocating=
 the '/' be permitted in the NSS. If we decide to call it "p-component" or =
not is of minor importance...

> > What I had understood from trying to follow the various threads
> > is that we were getting close to agreement on a particular way
> > to talk about "/".  I hadn't make the leap from there to "done
> > away with p-components".  More broadly, I don't get from "one or
> > two people repeated themselves several times" to "we agreed" (or
> > "we had done away with").  There have been no comments from
> > anything resembling a diverse group of WG participants and the
> > number of consensus calls or other comments from the co-chairs
> > on this subject has been, well, very small.
>=20
> In a very small group of participants, some/most of whom pop in only
> occasionally, it's hard to know how to evaluate consensus.   I thought
> we had moved past p-components into simply allowing '/' to appear in an
> NSS, but others may still be thinking in terms of p-components.   That's
> fine - but I think it is better to state assumptions and let others
> challenge them, than to leave them unstated and assume that everyone
> else is thinking the same way.

OK, I speak up. It might matter if we have a p-component since there might =
be namespaces that will not allow '/' for backward compatibility. That is, =
however, the only use case I can think of. For me it would work to say that=
 we simply allow '/' in the NSS.

> >> - q-components are interpreted by the resource, not by the
> >> namespace.  It's very important to make this clear, otherwise
> >> there will be tussles over their use.
> > I don't see any conflict between "interpreted by the resource"
> > and a statement of intent about the namespace.  After all,
> > namespaces are supposed to be managed and relatively
> > homogeneous.
>=20
> Speaking of theorizing, I'm wondering where that idea came from. I don't
> believe that namespaces are "supposed" to be relatively homogeneous.   I
> might have forgotten but I don't recall seeing that in any of the URN WG
> consensus documents (1737, 2141, etc.) nor do I recall anything
> resembling a consensus on that from URN WG discussion.

The namespace NBN is in so far homogeneous in that it deals (mostly) with d=
ocuments. The homogeneity ends there since the documents can be of almost a=
ny existing or future media type, some perhaps accepting q- or f-components=
, others not.

> (And again, we should be careful about overgeneralizing from early use
> of URNs.   So I don't think existing URN namespaces should be used as an
> argument in favor of dictating policy, unless of course we've identified
> something from early use that's broken and needs to be fixed.)

WFM as long as we don't break backward compatibility.

> What I do believe is that it's fairly natural for URN namespaces to be
> aligned with specific user communities, especially communities that
> already have their own namespaces established.    And such communities
> and other pre-existing namespaces have often formed around particular
> kinds of content or media.   So there's an observable tendency for
> existing URN namespaces to be aligned with particular kinds of content
> or media.   But that's not a requirement, and it shouldn't be
> interpreted as one.

I think at least some namespaces are extremely heterogeneous (see above) an=
d my guess is that those have the largest number of deployed URNs...

> Back to q-components.   The first issue I have with documenting them as
> part of URN namespace registration is that this threatens to conflict
> with the notion that when a URN is resolved to a URL, a q-component
> attached to that URN becomes a query attached to that URL.   That's a
> nice, simple way of interpreting q-components that is highly likely to
> be implemented correctly, highly likely to be interoperable between
> different implementations, makes sense across all namespaces, and
> doesn't make resources that accept queries less functional when named by
> URNs.     That's awesome, and I wish we could make everything we do in
> IETF work that well.
>=20
> But if there's also a namespace-specific interpretation of q-components
> that's specified in that namespace's registration, then there are *two*
> specifications for how to interpret a q-component, and a very high
> probability of conflict between the two.   This is what I want to
> avoid.    I don't want client implementors trying to second-guess
> whether to interpret q-components according to each namespace's
> registration vs. the general rule for handling q-components.   And I
> don't want namespaces to get the idea that they can override
> interpretation of q-components.
>=20
> Second concern:   Of course, if a namespace wants to decree that it will
> only assign its URNs to resources that implement q-components in one
> particular way, and it wants to document that, it's free to do so.   And
> if that namespace wants to document that information, they should be
> free to do so.   But putting spaces for that in the URN registration
> template is basically encouraging them to nail down their specification
> for q-components.   In addition to the interoperability concerns I
> stated above, I think this is probably shortsighted.   It's basically
> encouraging the namespace to say "we know what q-components are going to
> need to look like for every resource we want to name, for all time, or
> at least until we update our namespace registration".   And I think
> media are changing so quickly these days that it's very hard to
> anticipate what future needs will be.   So I don't think IETF should
> particularly encourage that level of specification in general.   For a
> couple of namespaces it might make sense, but I think those are corner
> cases rather than the general case.
>=20
> My concerns for f-components are similar.   Again, I thought
> f-components were supposed to map to URL fragments, and fragments are
> (for better or worse) supposed to be independent of the name or service
> used to access the content.    So we don't want to give URN namespaces
> the impression that they can override this in the namespace
> registration.   And again, if a URN namespace elects to refuse to assign
> its URNs to any resources that contain fragment IDs that don't conform
> to its standards for naming fragments, it's free to do so, but I think
> that's probably shortsighted and IETF probably shouldn't encourage it in
> general.   It might make more sense in a couple of corner cases.
>=20
> As for r-components, I'll address those in a separate message.

Best,

Lars=20


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Date: Thu, 28 May 2015 17:15:16 -0400
From: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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On 05/27/2015 06:07 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>
> FWIW, I’m not just worried about “rogue”, I’m worried about having a 
> plethora of available tools to apply to URNs and no way to determine 
> what the minter of the URN intended.

I think we absolutely need a plethora of available tools to apply to URNs.

I also think we need a way to determine what the minter of the URN 
intended.   However, for security reasons I suspect this needs to rely 
at least as much on digital signatures and a certificate hierarchy, as 
it relies on a registry of resolution services.

I'm happy to try to sort this stuff out as part of a discussion of 
resolution and associated registries.   I don't see offhand how any of 
this affects a discussion of URN namespace registration, unless we want 
2414bis to ask namespaces to supply their public keys as part of 
registration.

Keith


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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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On 5/28/15 8:49 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> Peter,
>
> On Thursday, May 28, 2015 5:02 AM, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet wrote:
>
>> On 5/27/15 4:07 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>>>
>>> FWIW, I’m not just worried about “rogue”, I’m worried about having a
>>> plethora of available tools to apply to URNs and no way to determine
>>> what the minter of the URN intended.
>>>
>>> And, I believe that’s a change of the spec.
>>
>> I seem to be in the rough about my desire to remove all discussion of
>> resolution from the syntax and registration specification. Every time we
>> talk about resolution, we seem to fall down a rat hole of unusual size.
>> Since we're not replacing RFC 2276 in parallel with replacing RFC 2141
>> and RFC 3406, I feel like we're flying blind with respect to all
>> resolution-related topics.
>
> If I understand you correctly, your suggestion is concentrate on syntax (and as little semantics as possible) making 2141bis fly as soon as possible. Once that is done, we go on to revise 3406. WFM. That said, I don't think we can specify registrations procedures without discussion resolution since one important aspect of persistent naming is the ability to find the named object through its name. And in most cases this is done through some kind of lookup service and it is indeed an important question who has the canonical registry. I don't think we can offload that on to IANA...

I'm suggesting that we concentrate on syntax (2141bis) and namespace 
registrations (3406bis) - those are easier to specify because we have 
more experience with them. We don't have experience with URN resolution 
or at least those folks haven't been involved here, so I suggest that we 
updated RFC 2276 separately and address the resolution-related topics then.

Peter

-- 
Peter Saint-Andre
https://andyet.com/


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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>, "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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From nobody Fri May 29 03:33:16 2015
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From: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis  section 7.3.6
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On 05/29/2015 03:35 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> But can we really specify the registration procedure without asking the registrants to say anything about resolution services?
I don't think we can effectively bundle the namespace registration 
procedure with the procedure for registering namespace-specified 
resolution services, for several reasons, e.g.:  the information 
required to access such services isn't defined yet, won't be defined 
until we know something about resolution protocols and security models, 
and is likely to change more frequently than namespace registration.   
So I think we will end up with separate procedures for namespace 
registration and for registration of resolution services, and there's no 
need to try to specify the latter in 2141bis.

Keith


From nobody Fri May 29 05:32:54 2015
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Date: Fri, 29 May 2015 08:32:40 -0400
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>, "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
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Subject: [urn] Resolution services (was: Re: suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis section 7.3.6)
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Hi.

It is possible that we are arguing about an already-solved
problem here.  Or not... see below.

--On Thursday, May 28, 2015 18:17 -0600 Peter Saint-Andre - &yet
<peter@andyet.net> wrote:

>>> I seem to be in the rough about my desire to remove all
>>> discussion of resolution from the syntax and registration
>>> specification. Every time we talk about resolution, we seem
>>> to fall down a rat hole of unusual size. Since we're not
>>> replacing RFC 2276 in parallel with replacing RFC 2141 and
>>> RFC 3406, I feel like we're flying blind with respect to all
>>> resolution-related topics.
>> 
>> If I understand you correctly, your suggestion is concentrate
>> on syntax (and as little semantics as possible) making
>> 2141bis fly as soon as possible. Once that is done, we go on
>> to revise 3406. WFM. That said, I don't think we can specify
>> registrations procedures without discussion resolution since
>> one important aspect of persistent naming is the ability to
>> find the named object through its name. And in most cases
>> this is done through some kind of lookup service and it is
>> indeed an important question who has the canonical registry.
>> I don't think we can offload that on to IANA...
> 
> I'm suggesting that we concentrate on syntax (2141bis) and
> namespace registrations (3406bis) - those are easier to
> specify because we have more experience with them. We don't
> have experience with URN resolution or at least those folks
> haven't been involved here, so I suggest that we updated RFC
> 2276 separately and address the resolution-related topics then.

Let me try this a slightly different way, but reaching the same
conclusion.  As Peter points out, we know, or are close to
knowing, how to update and replace 2141 and 3406.  We also have
very specific problems that we are trying to solve.  In the case
of 2141, allowing, for various reasons and in response to
various requirements, more syntax than 2141 permits: the things
we've been calling q-components and r-components; the
f-components / fragments that some of the opinions on RFC 3986
claim that 2141 could not disallow if it wanted to; and either
the use of the "/" within the NSS or p-components.  In the case
of 3406, it establishes a registration procedure for namespaces
that has been perceived as sufficiently onerous to discourage
namespaces from being registered, something I think we've
concluded is a bad idea.

Now, if we start looking at resolution, we end up not only in
the territory of 2276 but also 3401ff.  There are some
historical issues with 2277 related to how much consensus it
represented at the time and how informed that consensus was.  It
is an Informational, rather than a Standards Track, document,
which may or may not mean much.    More important today, 3401
(and 3402-3405) claim to be a more or less consistent
implementation spec for the ideas in 2276, modifying those ideas
slightly in the process.  With the exception of one, non-URN,
application, DDDS has not been broadly adopted or used.
Anything that was proposed today and based on any of those specs
would almost certainly have to include specific analysis of the
architecture and implementations and what had and had not
succeeded.  To the best of my knowledge, no one has started that
work or even volunteered to do it.

At the same time, most of the URNs we have seen in active use
either don't need resolution services or use resolution
mechanisms intrinsic in other standards or protocols.  URNs used
in XMPP, ISBN and ISSN, and XML all come immediately to mind as
examples.

I think Keith's most recent comments
(http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/urn/current/msg03076.html)
are largely consistent with the above although his perspective
is different.

Briefly addressing a more recent note:

--On Friday, May 29, 2015 07:35 +0000 "Svensson, Lars"
<L.Svensson@dnb.de> wrote:

> But can we really specify the registration procedure without
> asking the registrants to say anything about resolution
> services?

I think we have little choice, for the reasons outlined above
and in Keith's and Peter's notes.   However, we provided some
time ago for comments about resolution when those are
appropriate and I haven't seen proposals to remove those
provisions.  See in particular (in
draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-11):

	Section 7.1, numbered item 6     and
	Section 7.3.6

I've expressed some concerns earlier about the second paragraph
of the latter because of the interaction and reference to 2276
(for the reasons above), but don't recall anyone else expressing
interest in that issue.  However, it seems to me that this text
provides mechanisms that allow a registration to say any of the
following in the registration specification:

 (i) This namespace is indicator-only and unlikely to be
	resolved (or resolution would be meaningless).
 (ii) Resources associated with this namespace are
	located and resolved according to the mechanism
	specified in ...
 (iii) While the identifier is universal and persistent,
	registration is likely to be a local matter.
 (iv) We know what these are, aren't ready to say
	anything general about resolution yet, but will update
	the registration when we figure that out.
 (v0 ... and so on

It seems to me that provides a way to record whatever
information is known and which the registrants think is
appropriate to supply while avoiding  unrealistic requirements
to specific things that neither we nor the registrant knows or
requiring that all URNs be resolvable or resolvable in one of an
enumerated set of ways.

What else do you think is both useful and feasible?   Is the
current text ok or would you suggest improvements, particularly
to say either more or less?

	    john



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From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>, "Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat)" <ldaigle@thinkingcat.com>, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>
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--On Thursday, May 28, 2015 17:15 -0400 Keith Moore
<moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:

> On 05/27/2015 06:07 PM, Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat) wrote:
>> 
>> FWIW, I'm not just worried about "rogue", I'm worried
>> about having a  plethora of available tools to apply to URNs
>> and no way to determine  what the minter of the URN intended.
> 
> I think we absolutely need a plethora of available tools to
> apply to URNs.

I think we already have them and have no hope of either getting
rid of some or preventing more.  I also don't think the latter
would be desirable even if we could somehow do it.

> I also think we need a way to determine what the minter of the
> URN intended.

The referenced section 7.3.6 of -11 (see prior note) seems to me
to allow the registrant to provide whatever intent is
appropriate (or, if appropriate, to not do so).   I think the
discussion between Keith and Leslie starting on 1 May provides
pointers toward better text for that subsection (see below), but
does not significantly change the intent of leaving decisions
largely up to the registrant about what it is appropriate to say
and how much specific detail to provide.  See below.

>  However, for security reasons I suspect this
> needs to rely at least as much on digital signatures and a
> certificate hierarchy, as it relies on a registry of
> resolution services.

Speaking personally, I believe that a comprehensive reprise of
issues in URN resolution, including issues about data integrity
guarantees and other security topics, would be desirable.  But I
think that opening those topics on this list at this time is not
only off-charter but distracting and a significant impediment to
getting the WG's work done.

I do note that the belief that solutions lie in the direction of
"digital signatures and a certificate hierarchy" invokes
problems that the Internet community has been unable to sort out
and get generally deployed and in effective use for _any_
protocol or application I'm aware of so, at best, this is not an
easily-resolved short-term problem.

Similarly, I am not (as one of Leslie's notes suggested)
inclined to discard DDDS on the basis of issues with the
"implementation in DNS".  However, we know there are issues with
that DNS implementation and, AFAIK, the number of other
widely-deployed implementations is around zero, so a strong
reference to DDDS that seems to hold it up as a good example
seems inappropriate in the absence of some serious analysis and
writing ... about DDDS and the 2276 architecture, not URNs.

> I'm happy to try to sort this stuff out as part of a
> discussion of resolution and associated registries.   I don't
> see offhand how any of this affects a discussion of URN
> namespace registration, unless we want 2414bis to ask
> namespaces to supply their public keys as part of registration.

For the reasons above, I'm opposed to any requirements that
would be specific enough to use words like "supply their public
keys", probably even as examples.  Independent of how we say it,
I think the registration template should encourage registrants
to say whatever they think it appropriate about registration for
that particular namespace and that it should stop there.   I
believe the existing text in 7.3.6 does that.  I believe Keith's
original 1 May text (to save readers time, it was:

> The "Resolution" section is optional.  If included, it SHOULD
> specify whether the namespace intends to operate or recommend
> any resolution services for URNs using that namespace.   In
> addition, if the namespace intends to implement registration
> for publicly-advertised resolution services (for example using
> a system like that described in [RFC2276]) the Resolution
> section SHOULD list the requirements for being
> publicly-advertised using that mechanism.
> 
> Note: The above is not intended to restrict URN resolution to
> services provided by or recommended by the namespace operator.
> In principle, any party may operate a resolution service for
> any set of URNs.

) does that.  I think it does so a bit better with Peter's
suggested modifications, e.g., making the "Resolution" section
mandatory even if it ends up saying "not intended to be
resolved", "you are on your own", or "this section should be
updated when appropriate time machines are in use" (see Homeric
example below).  

Suggested modified text, cleaning up the language Peter
questioned and removing the reference to 2276 because it is not
"a system" but a proposed architecture for one (this is a little
more passive and vague about who or what is doing the
specifying, but probably that is appropriate).  I also think we
need to not try to tie things to generic resolution services --
if there are namespace-specific preferred ones, the registration
should identify them:

	If included, it SHOULD specify whether there are
	specific recommended resolution services, operational
	mechanisms, or ways of finding either for URNs using
	that namespace.  In addition, if implementation of
	registration for publicly-advertised resolution services
	(for example using a system such as DDDS [RFC3401] or
	one associated with an external standard) is
	anticipated, this section SHOULD supply the information
	required for being publicly-advertised or otherwise
	using that mechanism.

 ----------

However, I believe that the discussion about text has obscured
two more fundamental issues...

(1) Keith has asserted repeatedly (cf.
http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/urn/current/msg03012.html)
that 

> resolution is, fundamentally, not a per-namespace operation.

I'm not clear as to what that means.  Certainly, in the general
case, a resolution service for one namespace is likely to differ
in more or less significant ways from a resolution service for
another one.  Even a "find the resolution service" model such as
DDDS merely moves the namespace-specific characteristics out one
level of abstraction.

The text later in that note suggests to me that the problem
isn't whether resolution is per-namespace but whether a
particular resolution mechanism or provider is sufficiently
tightly bound to a namespace that no other (or replacement)
registration mechanisms are possible.  I don't think anyone has
suggested that, although it does imply that we need to be
careful about what statements are made and that we carefully
distinguish between stability/ persistence of a URN and
stability/persistence of an associated resource and how it is
found.  


(2)  Leslie, and probably others, have noted that not having a
tight and required binding to resolution services allows

> 2/ Me standing up a completely independent URN resolution
> service for all registered URN namespaces and resolving them
> any way I choose -- i.e., not necessarily to the resources
> intended by the namespace creator and/or assigner. And it's
> not clear to me how others would be able to determine the
> intended resolution service outcome.

I think the response to that has got to be "yes".  It is a risk
for almost any Internet protocol that references or
de-references objects.  For example even with simple URLs, if
http://resource.example.com/ is referenced, nothing prevents
some immediate or intermediate system from converting it into
http://resource.somewhere-near-me.example.com/ (something often
considered a good thing) or http://resource.example.evil-doer/
(something usually consider a bad thing).  Using bad words
(including "hijacking") to describe what we believe are bad
practices doesn't seem to make them less prevalent, nor does it
help distinguish practices, including object-owner-controlled
DNS diversion techniques that are widely deployed and some
vendors (in bad and exceptionally candid moods) would claim have
saved the Internet from stupidity in the DNS, linkages between
URLs and DNS, and wrong-headed ideas in the routing system.   

We claim we know how to let the client interpreting the URL
distinguish between "example.com" and "example.evildoer", but,
for a variety of reasons, that mechanism has been largely
unsuccessful in practice.   And we claim that we know how to at
least verify the integrity of the data retrieved, but we've been
unsuccessful in deploying those mechanisms, especially without
introducing circular dependencies on the DNS.

If a statement is needed in Security Considerations that says
that nothing about a URN guarantees that an attempt to resolve
it will obtain the intended resource, please supply text, but
please remember that this is an extremely general problem and
not unique to URNs.

However, I also suggest that something like
    urn:important-ancient-texts:homer:Illiad-original-version

is a perfectly good URN.  It is about as persistent as anything
in western literary culture can be.  The reference is
unambiguous in the sense that likely users of the URN are going
to agree on what, conceptually, is being referenced.   It is
definitely not an "indicator".  I don't think it is an "abstract
designator" either, but this example illustrates why I'm a
little hesitant about that terminology.   It is not resolvable
in any practical way and there are deep historical questions
(rooted, among other things, in assumptions about texts that may
have existed for a long time in oral form only and even about
whether "Homer" is a historical figure).    Whether such a URN
is useful or not presumably depends on what a possible
registrant wants to use it for -- that isn't a question on which
the IETF should take a position or expect folks to pay attention
if we did.

best,
    john










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On 05/29/2015 11:02 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
> However, I believe that the discussion about text has obscured two 
> more fundamental issues... (1) Keith has asserted repeatedly (cf. 
> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/urn/current/msg03012.html) that
>> resolution is, fundamentally, not a per-namespace operation.
> I'm not clear as to what that means.  Certainly, in the general
> case, a resolution service for one namespace is likely to differ
> in more or less significant ways from a resolution service for
> another one.

I don't believe this is at all certain, nor do I believe that it is 
desirable in general.  The whole point of having URNs is to permit some 
degree of common processing that is independent of namespace, including 
the ability to obtain metadata (if available) and/or access the resource 
(if the resource is available and the operation makes any sense for that 
resource).

That said, neither do I want to force a "one size fits all" model on URN 
resolution.   I have several reasons for this, the most important 
probably being that such services need to be able to evolve over time, 
perhaps especially in the near term, and therefore it is necessary that 
it be possible to have different and even competing services.   But 
promoting the idea that resolution is inherently something for each 
namespace to determine on its own, IMO, would harm interoperability.   
Sure, namespaces can offer any resolution services that they want for 
their URNs (or not), but so can anybody else.     And it's extremely 
important that this be possible.

(I also agree that trying to define a resolution service is beyond this 
group's charter, though I think it's reasonable to discuss such issues 
to the extent necessary to nail down text in 2141bis.)

>   Even a "find the resolution service" model such as
> DDDS merely moves the namespace-specific characteristics out one
> level of abstraction.
>
> The text later in that note suggests to me that the problem
> isn't whether resolution is per-namespace but whether a
> particular resolution mechanism or provider is sufficiently
> tightly bound to a namespace that no other (or replacement)
> registration mechanisms are possible.  I don't think anyone has
> suggested that, although it does imply that we need to be
> careful about what statements are made and that we carefully
> distinguish between stability/ persistence of a URN and
> stability/persistence of an associated resource and how it is
> found.

Indeed, we need to be careful about what statements are made.

>
>
> (2)  Leslie, and probably others, have noted that not having a
> tight and required binding to resolution services allows
>
>> 2/ Me standing up a completely independent URN resolution
>> service for all registered URN namespaces and resolving them
>> any way I choose -- i.e., not necessarily to the resources
>> intended by the namespace creator and/or assigner. And it's
>> not clear to me how others would be able to determine the
>> intended resolution service outcome.
> I think the response to that has got to be "yes".

Again, I think the mechanism for ensuring authenticity of metadata 
and/or resources associated with URNs cannot rely on "a tight and 
required binding to resolution services".    Being able to determine 
authenticity of such metadata and resources is very important, but it's 
also very important that there not be a single point of control for 
access to resources named by URNs.   We don't want to build an 
information architecture that facilitates Orwellian "memory holes" - as 
the US government, as well as probably several others, would certainly 
like to do.

And while I agree that IETF in the past has not had a stellar record at 
developing trust delegation systems, that's not a good argument for 
giving up.   IETF is currently revisiting those issues on several 
fronts, out of perhaps-reluctant necessity, due to the realization that 
both passive surveillance and active attacks on Internet traffic by 
various parties, some with near-limitless resources, are now commonplace 
and widespread.   We should all realize by now that simply trusting the 
authoritative servers for DNS or whatever, is now no longer sufficient.

> If a statement is needed in Security Considerations that says
> that nothing about a URN guarantees that an attempt to resolve
> it will obtain the intended resource, please supply text, but
> please remember that this is an extremely general problem and
> not unique to URNs.
>
> However, I also suggest that something like
>      urn:important-ancient-texts:homer:Illiad-original-version
>
> is a perfectly good URN.  It is about as persistent as anything
> in western literary culture can be.  The reference is
> unambiguous in the sense that likely users of the URN are going
> to agree on what, conceptually, is being referenced.   It is
> definitely not an "indicator".  I don't think it is an "abstract
> designator" either, but this example illustrates why I'm a
> little hesitant about that terminology.   It is not resolvable
> in any practical way and there are deep historical questions
> (rooted, among other things, in assumptions about texts that may
> have existed for a long time in oral form only and even about
> whether "Homer" is a historical figure).    Whether such a URN
> is useful or not presumably depends on what a possible
> registrant wants to use it for -- that isn't a question on which
> the IETF should take a position or expect folks to pay attention
> if we did.

I probably agree with that, or at least agree that it should be 
reasonable to assign a URN to Homer's original text of the Illiad, even 
if such a document has never been found and is believed to no longer 
exist.   I certainly would not want to declare such uses out-of-scope.

Keith


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--On Friday, May 29, 2015 11:54 -0400 Keith Moore
<moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:

> On 05/29/2015 11:02 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>> However, I believe that the discussion about text has
>> obscured two  more fundamental issues... (1) Keith has
>> asserted repeatedly (cf. 
>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/urn/current/msg03012.htm
>> l) that
>>> resolution is, fundamentally, not a per-namespace operation.
>> I'm not clear as to what that means.  Certainly, in the
>> general case, a resolution service for one namespace is
>> likely to differ in more or less significant ways from a
>> resolution service for another one.
> 
> I don't believe this is at all certain, nor do I believe that
> it is desirable in general.  The whole point of having URNs is
> to permit some degree of common processing that is independent
> of namespace, including the ability to obtain metadata (if
> available) and/or access the resource (if the resource is
> available and the operation makes any sense for that resource).

Keith, I may even agree with what I think you are trying to say,
but I believe that statements based on "the whole point of
having URNs" really gets in our way at this point.   At least
one of the reasons for that is that I think it drives us
inevitably toward a conclusion that a "urn:" scheme was a
mistake and that, instead, "URN" should have been an abstract
category of URI, just like "URL" and schemes should have been
tied to classes of resolution (or non-resolution) approaches and
methods (or abstractions of them).  Then one could have really
interesting conversations about whether the set of "URLs" and
the set of "URNs" should be lexically distinguishable (and
distinguishable from "URC" and any other sets of URIs that might
show up in the future).    Unless we are prepared to suggest
deprecating the "urn:" scheme and starting over, let's not go
there.

The following is a lot more relevant, at least IMO...

> That said, neither do I want to force a "one size fits all"
> model on URN resolution.   I have several reasons for this,
> the most important probably being that such services need to
> be able to evolve over time, perhaps especially in the near
> term, and therefore it is necessary that it be possible to
> have different and even competing services.

Operationally and in terms of 2141bis, I think that leaves us in
exactly the same place, independent of our assumptions,
predictions, or religious beliefs about the future.  I think the
registrations of namespaces need to have the capability of
specifying separate resolution models even though I hope they
were evolve in similar ways.  You think there have to be
arrangements for different registration models for different
namespaces because, which you hope and expect to see
commonality, things might evolve in different ways, or new
technologies be introduced, in the future.  In practical terms
as applied to 2141bis, I don't see a difference.

>   But promoting
> the idea that resolution is inherently something for each
> namespace to determine on its own, IMO, would harm
> interoperability.   Sure, namespaces can offer any resolution
> services that they want for their URNs (or not), but so can
> anybody else.     And it's extremely important that this be
> possible.

Agreed, I think.  See above.

> (I also agree that trying to define a resolution service is
> beyond this group's charter, though I think it's reasonable to
> discuss such issues to the extent necessary to nail down text
> in 2141bis.)

Ok.  What else do you think we need to talk about to get
acceptable text into 2141bis in general and what is in 7.3.6 in
particular?

>...

>> (2)  Leslie, and probably others, have noted that not having a
>> tight and required binding to resolution services allows
>> 
>>> 2/ Me standing up a completely independent URN resolution
>>> service for all registered URN namespaces and resolving them
>>> any way I choose -- i.e., not necessarily to the resources
>>> intended by the namespace creator and/or assigner. And it's
>>> not clear to me how others would be able to determine the
>>> intended resolution service outcome.
>> I think the response to that has got to be "yes".
> 
> Again, I think the mechanism for ensuring authenticity of
> metadata and/or resources associated with URNs cannot rely on
> "a tight and required binding to resolution services".
> Being able to determine authenticity of such metadata and
> resources is very important, but it's also very important that
> there not be a single point of control for access to resources
> named by URNs.   We don't want to build an information
> architecture that facilitates Orwellian "memory holes" - as
> the US government, as well as probably several others, would
> certainly like to do.

I'd like to skip the hyperbole, including claims about what
various governments would like to do (I don't see as much
intra-government homogeneity as I would infer from the above), I
don't think we disagree.   If you do, I'd appreciate your help
in understand how and why.

> And while I agree that IETF in the past has not had a stellar
> record at developing trust delegation systems, that's not a
> good argument for giving up.   IETF is currently revisiting
> those issues on several fronts, out of perhaps-reluctant
> necessity, due to the realization that both passive
> surveillance and active attacks on Internet traffic by various
> parties, some with near-limitless resources, are now
> commonplace and widespread.   We should all realize by now
> that simply trusting the authoritative servers for DNS or
> whatever, is now no longer sufficient.

Again, no disagreement at all.  I just don't consider resolving
the above issues to be critical path for the WG generally and
2141bis in particular.  I consider it an advantage because the
topics involve, to paraphrase an earlier on-list comment about
something else, can constitute a rathole of considerable size.

Also, FWIW, if I wanted to dive deeply into those issues, there
is a case to be made that the URN, and possibly the entire URI,
architecture are bad news because it tends to expose the
namespaces in which one is interested to a greater degree than
might be desired.

>...
>> However, I also suggest that something like
>>      urn:important-ancient-texts:homer:Illiad-original-version
>> 
>> is a perfectly good URN.  It is about as persistent as
>> anything in western literary culture can be.  The reference is
>> unambiguous in the sense that likely users of the URN are
>> going to agree on what, conceptually, is being referenced.
>> It is definitely not an "indicator".  I don't think it is an
>> "abstract designator" either, but this example illustrates
>> why I'm a little hesitant about that terminology.   It is not
>> resolvable in any practical way and there are deep historical
>> questions (rooted, among other things, in assumptions about
>> texts that may have existed for a long time in oral form only
>> and even about whether "Homer" is a historical figure).
>> Whether such a URN is useful or not presumably depends on
>> what a possible registrant wants to use it for -- that isn't
>> a question on which the IETF should take a position or expect
>> folks to pay attention if we did.
 
> I probably agree with that, or at least agree that it should
> be reasonable to assign a URN to Homer's original text of the
> Illiad, even if such a document has never been found and is
> believed to no longer exist.   I certainly would not want to
> declare such uses out-of-scope.

Part of that comment is that there is no conclusive evidence
that such a text ever existed, at least in written form, and
some evidence to the contrary.   I hope that does not change
your answer.

best,
    john




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Date: Fri, 29 May 2015 16:53:59 -0400
From: Keith Moore <moore@network-heretics.com>
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To: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>,  "Leslie Daigle (ThinkingCat)" <ldaigle@thinkingcat.com>, Peter Saint-Andre - &yet <peter@andyet.net>
References: <55430DDE.5070104@network-heretics.com> <5564FD3F.9070302@andyet.net> <EEBCBEE8-1102-48B1-AEB7-4E05E043F618@thinkingcat.com> <55678564.2050901@network-heretics.com> <A583F55F28DEC2E01FE8C8F4@JcK-HP8200.jck.com> <55688BA0.3070803@network-heretics.com> <F75C6E20DB873B285EEE9A85@JcK-HP8200.jck.com>
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Subject: Re: [urn] suggested change for -12 of rfc2141bis section 7.3.6
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On 05/29/2015 02:49 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
> --On Friday, May 29, 2015 11:54 -0400 Keith Moore
> <moore@network-heretics.com> wrote:
>
>> On 05/29/2015 11:02 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>>> However, I believe that the discussion about text has
>>> obscured two  more fundamental issues... (1) Keith has
>>> asserted repeatedly (cf.
>>> http://www.ietf.org/mail-archive/web/urn/current/msg03012.htm
>>> l) that
>>>> resolution is, fundamentally, not a per-namespace operation.
>>> I'm not clear as to what that means.  Certainly, in the
>>> general case, a resolution service for one namespace is
>>> likely to differ in more or less significant ways from a
>>> resolution service for another one.
>> I don't believe this is at all certain, nor do I believe that
>> it is desirable in general.  The whole point of having URNs is
>> to permit some degree of common processing that is independent
>> of namespace, including the ability to obtain metadata (if
>> available) and/or access the resource (if the resource is
>> available and the operation makes any sense for that resource).
> Keith, I may even agree with what I think you are trying to say,
> but I believe that statements based on "the whole point of
> having URNs" really gets in our way at this point.   At least
> one of the reasons for that is that I think it drives us
> inevitably toward a conclusion that a "urn:" scheme was a
> mistake and that, instead, "URN" should have been an abstract
> category of URI, just like "URL" and schemes should have been
> tied to classes of resolution (or non-resolution) approaches and
> methods (or abstractions of them).

I don't think that makes sense.   What you seem to be saying is that 
there should be no effort to build a common framework for handling 
stable resource names, and that instead, each different type of stable 
resource name should have its own resolution protocols. This in turn 
would appear to make it likely that only a few different kinds of stable 
resource names would be supported by clients, and the organizations 
maintaining such resource names would have a tremendous degree of 
control over not only naming but also access to all resources named 
using their schemes.    And I don't see why anything that I said "drives 
us inevitably toward" such a conclusion.

Fortunately, we didn't go in that direction.
>> That said, neither do I want to force a "one size fits all"
>> model on URN resolution.   I have several reasons for this,
>> the most important probably being that such services need to
>> be able to evolve over time, perhaps especially in the near
>> term, and therefore it is necessary that it be possible to
>> have different and even competing services.
> Operationally and in terms of 2141bis, I think that leaves us in
> exactly the same place, independent of our assumptions,
> predictions, or religious beliefs about the future.  I think the
> registrations of namespaces need to have the capability of
> specifying separate resolution models even though I hope they
> were evolve in similar ways.

They can provide whatever resolution services they wish.  Nothing is 
stopping them.   I just don't want us to promote the idea that 
namespaces are somehow axiomatically either authoritative or sole 
sources for such information.   In general, they're not.   To the extent 
that this model makes sense for some URN namespaces of limited scope, 
this is a corner case, not the general case.

> You think there have to be
> arrangements for different registration models for different
> namespaces because, which you hope and expect to see
> commonality, things might evolve in different ways, or new
> technologies be introduced, in the future.  In practical terms
> as applied to 2141bis, I don't see a difference.

One difference is that namespaces should not be set up to be the 
gatekeepers for access to resources or metadata associated with their 
URNs.    Another difference is that evolution of resolution services 
should not be entirely up to namespaces.   Anyone should be able to 
provide resolution services.   Ideally, there would be a means of 
signing metadata, content, and/or public keys of resources so that the 
authenticity of a resource's or metadata's association with a URN could 
be verified independently of the resolution service used to obtain that 
metadata or access that resource.
>> (I also agree that trying to define a resolution service is
>> beyond this group's charter, though I think it's reasonable to
>> discuss such issues to the extent necessary to nail down text
>> in 2141bis.)
> Ok.  What else do you think we need to talk about to get
> acceptable text into 2141bis in general and what is in 7.3.6 in
> particular?

Very reasonable question.    I'll probably have to get back to you on 
that after the weekend.

>
>> Again, I think the mechanism for ensuring authenticity of
>> metadata and/or resources associated with URNs cannot rely on
>> "a tight and required binding to resolution services".
>> Being able to determine authenticity of such metadata and
>> resources is very important, but it's also very important that
>> there not be a single point of control for access to resources
>> named by URNs.   We don't want to build an information
>> architecture that facilitates Orwellian "memory holes" - as
>> the US government, as well as probably several others, would
>> certainly like to do.
> I'd like to skip the hyperbole, including claims about what
> various governments would like to do (I don't see as much
> intra-government homogeneity as I would infer from the above), I
> don't think we disagree.   If you do, I'd appreciate your help
> in understand how and why.

I don't know whether we disagree about that or not.   I'm just stating 
what I believe to be an important security concern.

(FWIW, I don't see that much intra-government homogeneity either. It 
just seemed better to say "the US government" than to name specific names.)

>
>> And while I agree that IETF in the past has not had a stellar
>> record at developing trust delegation systems, that's not a
>> good argument for giving up.   IETF is currently revisiting
>> those issues on several fronts, out of perhaps-reluctant
>> necessity, due to the realization that both passive
>> surveillance and active attacks on Internet traffic by various
>> parties, some with near-limitless resources, are now
>> commonplace and widespread.   We should all realize by now
>> that simply trusting the authoritative servers for DNS or
>> whatever, is now no longer sufficient.
> Again, no disagreement at all.  I just don't consider resolving
> the above issues to be critical path for the WG generally and
> 2141bis in particular.  I consider it an advantage because the
> topics involve, to paraphrase an earlier on-list comment about
> something else, can constitute a rathole of considerable size.

Mostly agree.   I just think that for now we need to very carefully 
choose the words in the small portion of 2141bis that mentions resolution.

>
> Also, FWIW, if I wanted to dive deeply into those issues, there
> is a case to be made that the URN, and possibly the entire URI,
> architecture are bad news because it tends to expose the
> namespaces in which one is interested to a greater degree than
> might be desired.

Yet another reason why, even though there's nothing stopping people from 
setting them up, having namespaces be closely tied to any specific kind 
of content is not a good idea.

>
>> ...
>>> However, I also suggest that something like
>>>       urn:important-ancient-texts:homer:Illiad-original-version
>>>
>>> is a perfectly good URN.  It is about as persistent as
>>> anything in western literary culture can be.  The reference is
>>> unambiguous in the sense that likely users of the URN are
>>> going to agree on what, conceptually, is being referenced.
>>> It is definitely not an "indicator".  I don't think it is an
>>> "abstract designator" either, but this example illustrates
>>> why I'm a little hesitant about that terminology.   It is not
>>> resolvable in any practical way and there are deep historical
>>> questions (rooted, among other things, in assumptions about
>>> texts that may have existed for a long time in oral form only
>>> and even about whether "Homer" is a historical figure).
>>> Whether such a URN is useful or not presumably depends on
>>> what a possible registrant wants to use it for -- that isn't
>>> a question on which the IETF should take a position or expect
>>> folks to pay attention if we did.
>   
>> I probably agree with that, or at least agree that it should
>> be reasonable to assign a URN to Homer's original text of the
>> Illiad, even if such a document has never been found and is
>> believed to no longer exist.   I certainly would not want to
>> declare such uses out-of-scope.
> Part of that comment is that there is no conclusive evidence
> that such a text ever existed, at least in written form, and
> some evidence to the contrary.   I hope that does not change
> your answer.

It does not.

Keith

