
From nobody Fri Dec  2 09:34:42 2016
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To: =?UTF-8?Q?Martin_J._D=c3=bcrst?= <duerst@it.aoyama.ac.jp>, John C Klensin <klensin@jck.com>, urn@ietf.org
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] FWD: Last Call: <draft-adid-urn-01.txt> (Advertising Digital Identification (Ad-ID) URN Namespace Definition) to Informational RFC
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On 11/26/16 11:00 PM, Martin J. DÃ¼rst wrote:
> Hello John, others,
>
> On 2016/11/24 18:01, John C Klensin wrote:
>> URNBIS WG:  FYI.  This is worth looking at, and possibly
>> commenting on, with regard to not only its content and
>> definition quality but also to whether the new registration
>> model would sufficiently identify and deal with any issues.
>>
>> In particular,
>>
>> (1) The new registration procedure would turn this over to
>> Expert Review, largely eliminating the possibility that someone
>> in the community who accidentally knows about and understands
>> the subject matter would look at and review it.  On the other
>> hand, Expert Review can permit more intensive interaction and
>> negotiating with the authors of a registration request and/or
>> template than is normally part of the "throw it over the wall"
>> character of IETF Last Call and approval.  Is that the tradeoff
>> we want?  Would be worth the trouble to add an announcement to
>> the IETF list and window for comments to the expert to the
>> procedure (assuming the IESG would let us)?
>
> I think if this is the scenario we're concerned about, then submission
> to an urn-related list (the easiest would be this list) when applying
> for expert review, and conducting the expert review (mostly) on that
> list, would be better than further cluttering the IETF list.

A pointer on the IETF list seems OK, but I don't think it would add much 
value.

Peter



From nobody Fri Dec  2 11:17:27 2016
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To: "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology issue: 'URL'
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On 11/17/16 8:31 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> TL;DR: Replace 'resolve to a URL' with 'resolve to a Locator'
> throughout

I have no deep objections to this. See below on a few points.

> The current draft (correcly, IMO) defines 'URN' as "A name that is a
> member of a URN namespace", that is, a name of the form urn:nid:...
>
> It doesn't list 'URL' as a term, but does say, towards the end of
> section 1.2 *Terminology*
>
>   this document uses the term Uniform Resource Locator (URL), rather
>   than the generic term Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), to refer to
>   locators; see also Section 1.1.3 of [RFC3986].
>
> I think this either partakes of, or at least encourages, a confusion
> between properties of URI schemes and properties of individual URIs,
> thereby missing the key point of the referenced section of 3986:
>
>   An individual scheme does not have to be classified as being just
>   one of "name" or "locator".  Instances of URIs from any given scheme
>   may have the characteristics of names or locators or both... [1]
>
> That is, although many http: URIs are locators, some are names (and
> some are both), and although all urn: URIs are names, some may be
> locators as well.
>
> A URI is a locator if it can be dereferenced, if, for example "[there
> are] services related to the identified resource, such as
> ... delivering a document object from a convenient source" [2].
> That's not a property of the URI as such, but of its context of use
> and the services available therefrom.  As that quote indicates, some
> URNs may have that property in some circumstances.
>
> On the other hand, just because a resolution service provides you with
> an http: URI when invoked on a URN does not mean you are now on your
> way to a document object, because that http: URI may itself be a name
> and not a locator.
>
> So, I'd suggest that you add a new term to the term list in section
> 1.2, as follows:
>
>    Locator: A retrieval-enabled URI
>
> and use that term in most of the places where 'URL' is currently used.

RFC 3986 §1.1.3 says:

    The
    term "Uniform Resource Locator" (URL) refers to the subset of URIs
    that, in addition to identifying a resource, provide a means of
    locating the resource by describing its primary access mechanism
    (e.g., its network "location").

And §1.2.2 says:

    When URIs are used within information retrieval systems to identify
    sources of information, the most common form of URI dereference is
    "retrieval": making use of a URI in order to retrieve a
    representation of its associated resource.

I'm wondering if we want to use slightly more general terminology than 
your proposal of "a retrieval-enabled URI", because perhaps "access" is 
the more general term (cf. also in §1.2.2 "URI 'resolution' is the 
process of determining an access mechanism").

Also, do we want to define locators in terms of URIs, given that we 
don't define names in terms of URIs or URNs?

Perhaps:

Locator: an identifier that provides a means a locating a resource

> The penultimate paragraph of section 1.2 would then need to read
> something along these lines:
>
>    This document uses the terms "resolution" and "resolver" in roughly
>    the sense in which they were used in the original discussion of
>    architectural principles for URNs [RFC2276], i.e., "resolution" is
>    the act of supplying services related to the identified resource,
>    such as translating the persistent URN into one or more current
>    Locators for the resource, delivering metadata about the resource
>    in an appropriate format, or even delivering a document object from
>    a convenient source without requiring further intermediaries.  At
>    the time of this writing, resolution services are described in
>    [RFC2483].
>
>    Section 1.1.3 of [RFC3986] helpfully observes that "A URI can be
>    ... classified as a locator, a name, or both" and goes on to define
>    locators as URIs which "provide a means of locating the resource
>    [which they identify] by describing its primary access mechanism
>    (e.g., its network 'location')".  This is what we mean by
>    'retrieval-enabled' above, and we use the term 'Locator' to refer
>    to the class of individual URIs which have this property.

Something along those lines, yet.

> A few places where 'URL' is effectively used as shorthand for
> "non-urn-scheme-URI' will require some more explicit rewriting, e.g.
>
>   The URN r-component has no syntactic counterpart in URLs
>
>  -->
>
>   The URN r-component has no syntactic counterpart in any other URI
>   scheme that we are aware of

Yes.

> The overall point here is that RFCs are meant for the entire
> community, and it's at best misleading for an RFC to redefine a widely
> used term to have a meaning other than the one already in wide (and
> documented) use.  I do of course understand that there exists a
> sub-community within which this distinct meaning is understood and
> intended, but this spec can and should reach out more widely.  So note
> that I'm _not_ proposing that the spec should use 'URL' as defined in
> 3986, but rather use 'URN' to mean urn:nid:..., as it does already, to
> use 'URI' as the generic, and _not to use 'URL' at all_.

I do agree that "locator" is better here, for sure.

Peter



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On 12/2/16 12:17 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:

> Locator: an identifier that provides a means a locating a resource

Sorry, I meant...

    Locator: an identifier that provides a means of accessing a resource

My apologies for trying to do two things at once here...

Peter


From nobody Sat Dec  3 10:32:05 2016
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Date: Sat, 03 Dec 2016 13:31:50 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
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Without thinking about it a lot, I think I am ok with these
changes and think they probably improve things.  However, it is
worth keeping in mind that RFC 3986 is not completely clear
about some of the distinctions we are now trying to make (even
if a number of people read it the same way) and that at least
one of its authors has a very negative attitude toward URNs.
Especially since I think we have general agreement that this WG
should not try to update or otherwise formally clarify 3986, I
hope that future changes along these lines can be explicitly
justified in terms of their importance to finishing our URN
specs.

    john


--On Friday, December 02, 2016 12:17 -0700 Peter Saint-Andre
<stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:

> On 11/17/16 8:31 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
>> TL;DR: Replace 'resolve to a URL' with 'resolve to a Locator'
>> throughout
>=20
> I have no deep objections to this. See below on a few points.
>=20
>> The current draft (correcly, IMO) defines 'URN' as "A name
>> that is a member of a URN namespace", that is, a name of the
>> form urn:nid:...
>>=20
>> It doesn't list 'URL' as a term, but does say, towards the
>> end of section 1.2 *Terminology*
>>=20
>>   this document uses the term Uniform Resource Locator (URL),
>>   rather than the generic term Uniform Resource Identifier
>>   (URI), to refer to locators; see also Section 1.1.3 of
>>   [RFC3986].
>>=20
>> I think this either partakes of, or at least encourages, a
>> confusion between properties of URI schemes and properties of
>> individual URIs, thereby missing the key point of the
>> referenced section of 3986:
>>=20
>>   An individual scheme does not have to be classified as
>>   being just one of "name" or "locator".  Instances of URIs
>>   from any given scheme may have the characteristics of names
>>   or locators or both... [1]
>>=20
>> That is, although many http: URIs are locators, some are
>> names (and some are both), and although all urn: URIs are
>> names, some may be locators as well.
>>=20
>> A URI is a locator if it can be dereferenced, if, for example
>> "[there are] services related to the identified resource,
>> such as ... delivering a document object from a convenient
>> source" [2]. That's not a property of the URI as such, but of
>> its context of use and the services available therefrom.  As
>> that quote indicates, some URNs may have that property in
>> some circumstances.
>>=20
>> On the other hand, just because a resolution service provides
>> you with an http: URI when invoked on a URN does not mean you
>> are now on your way to a document object, because that http:
>> URI may itself be a name and not a locator.
>>=20
>> So, I'd suggest that you add a new term to the term list in
>> section 1.2, as follows:
>>=20
>>    Locator: A retrieval-enabled URI
>>=20
>> and use that term in most of the places where 'URL' is
>> currently used.
>=20
> RFC 3986 =C2=A71.1.3 says:
>=20
>     The
>     term "Uniform Resource Locator" (URL) refers to the subset
> of URIs
>     that, in addition to identifying a resource, provide a
> means of
>     locating the resource by describing its primary access
> mechanism
>     (e.g., its network "location").
>=20
> And =C2=A71.2.2 says:
>=20
>     When URIs are used within information retrieval systems to
> identify
>     sources of information, the most common form of URI
> dereference is
>     "retrieval": making use of a URI in order to retrieve a
>     representation of its associated resource.
>=20
> I'm wondering if we want to use slightly more general
> terminology than your proposal of "a retrieval-enabled URI",
> because perhaps "access" is the more general term (cf. also in
> =C2=A71.2.2 "URI 'resolution' is the process of determining an
> access mechanism").
>=20
> Also, do we want to define locators in terms of URIs, given
> that we don't define names in terms of URIs or URNs?
>=20
> Perhaps:
>=20
> Locator: an identifier that provides a means a locating a
> resource
>=20
>> The penultimate paragraph of section 1.2 would then need to
>> read something along these lines:
>>=20
>>    This document uses the terms "resolution" and "resolver"
>>    in roughly the sense in which they were used in the
>>    original discussion of architectural principles for URNs
>>    [RFC2276], i.e., "resolution" is the act of supplying
>>    services related to the identified resource, such as
>>    translating the persistent URN into one or more current
>>    Locators for the resource, delivering metadata about the
>>    resource in an appropriate format, or even delivering a
>>    document object from a convenient source without requiring
>>    further intermediaries.  At the time of this writing,
>>    resolution services are described in [RFC2483].
>>=20
>>    Section 1.1.3 of [RFC3986] helpfully observes that "A URI
>>    can be ... classified as a locator, a name, or both" and
>>    goes on to define locators as URIs which "provide a means
>>    of locating the resource [which they identify] by
>>    describing its primary access mechanism (e.g., its network
>>    'location')".  This is what we mean by 'retrieval-enabled'
>>    above, and we use the term 'Locator' to refer to the class
>>    of individual URIs which have this property.
>=20
> Something along those lines, yet.
>=20
>> A few places where 'URL' is effectively used as shorthand for
>> "non-urn-scheme-URI' will require some more explicit
>> rewriting, e.g.
>>=20
>>   The URN r-component has no syntactic counterpart in URLs
>>=20
>>  -->
>>=20
>>   The URN r-component has no syntactic counterpart in any
>>   other URI scheme that we are aware of
>=20
> Yes.
>=20
>> The overall point here is that RFCs are meant for the entire
>> community, and it's at best misleading for an RFC to redefine
>> a widely used term to have a meaning other than the one
>> already in wide (and documented) use.  I do of course
>> understand that there exists a sub-community within which
>> this distinct meaning is understood and intended, but this
>> spec can and should reach out more widely.  So note that I'm
>> _not_ proposing that the spec should use 'URL' as defined in
>> 3986, but rather use 'URN' to mean urn:nid:..., as it does
>> already, to use 'URI' as the generic, and _not to use 'URL'
>> at all_.
>=20
> I do agree that "locator" is better here, for sure.
>=20
> Peter
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn





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From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology issue: 'URL'
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Peter Saint-Andre writes:

> I'm wondering if we want to use slightly more general terminology than
> your proposal of "a retrieval-enabled URI", because perhaps "access"
> is the more general term (cf. also in =A71.2.2 "URI 'resolution' is the
> process of determining an access mechanism").

OK.

> Also, do we want to define locators in terms of URIs, given that we
> don't define names in terms of URIs or URNs?

> Perhaps:
>
> Locator: an identifier that provides a means [of accessing] a resource

OK.

Thanks, and yes, John, I do think this "contributes to finishing our URN
specs", because it will I hope forestall another round of argument.

ht
--=20
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
                       URL: http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/
 [mail from me _always_ has a .sig like this -- mail without it is forged s=
pam]


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To: "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
References: <3bee74ce-c5ce-3f28-5cc9-437f34b778e9@stpeter.im> <f5br36autq4.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk>
From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Hi Henry, thanks for the continued reviews and feedback. Comments inline.

On 11/17/16 5:22 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> There are two parts to this
>
>   External: the current use of these terms is incompatible with the
>             3986
>
>   Internal: The definitions and uses of 'abstract designator' are
>             inconsistent
>
> TL;DR:
>
>  1) 3986 distinguishes between 'resource' and 'representation', and so
>     should we;
>
>  2) The term 'abstract designator' should be dropped.
>
> Part 1 -- 3986 incompatibility
>
> URNs are URIs, that is, Uniform Resource Identifiers.  Every URI
> identifies something, as the name implies, and 3986 uses the term
> 'resource' as the cover term for _anything_ that is identified by a
> URI.  It explicitly places _no_ constraint on what a URI can identify.
> In other words, anything can be a resource: real, imaginary, abstract,
> concrete, individual, set (finite or infinite), ...
>
> The current draft does not define the term 'resource'.  It often uses
> it in ways which are consistent with 3986's definition, for example in
> phrases such as "resource identifier" (lower case in original),
> "identified resource", "The kinds of resources identified by URNs" and
> "persistent identification of resources".  This longer exposition is
> also pretty much compatible with 3986:
>
>   URNs (either individually or entire URN namespaces as defined below)
>   that do not resolve to URLs at all or that resolve to metadata or
>   non-Internet objects are among URN use cases explicitly permitted by
>   this specification; each leaves the concept of "resolution" somewhat
>   more abstract and difficult than the simple case of resolution to a
>   URL. [1.1, 2nd para]
>
> But the current draft also uses 'resource' in many ways which are
> clearly incompatible with 3986.  3986 is very careful to distinguish
> between the resource _identified_ by a URI on the one hand, and
> _representations_ of that resource and _metadata_ about it on the
> other.  The latter are much more concrete, and the kind of thing you
> can get your hands on/interact with (see section 1.2.2 of 3986 [1]).
> Some examples of where the current draft is incompatible with this
> position:
>
>   "A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
>   that does not identify a resource" [Abstract, Introduction]
>   Per 3986, _all_ URIs identify something, which it calls a resource.

Good catch.

>   "media type of those resources" [2.3.3, next-to-last para]
>   Per 3986, resources do not in general have media types,
>   _representations_, e.g. as returned in messages, have media types.
>
> I don't think this will be hard to fix -- there's already a
> distinction between what is identified and the outcome of a resolution
> attempt, as well as between resolution and retrieval, and the wording
> around these just needs to be tightened up a bit, with the word
> 'resource' used a bit less.  Whether the idea behind 3986's word
> 'representation' needs to be imported, along with the word, will I
> think be an editorial decision to be made in the course of the
> tightening-up effort.

Yes, that all seems right.

> Part 2 -- 'abstract designator'

As a bit of background, I would say that we introduced the term 
'abstract designator' to describe names that purely identify resources; 
that is, the intent is that such a name will never be resolved (i.e., 
there is no access mechanism associated with the name) and, more 
specifically, that at no time will it be possible to retrieve a 
representation of the identified resource.

> Here are some examples of the use of this term which taken together
> leave me confused as to what is meant:
>
>   A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
>   that does not identify a resource [Abstract, Introduction]

As you pointed out, this is wrong: every URI identifies a resource.

>   If there are or will be resolution services available for a URN,
>   this document calls the URN a "resource identifier" in roughly the
>   sense that term is used in [RFC3986].  If there is no intention to
>   provide any resolution services, and the distinction is important,
>   this document calls the URN an "abstract designator". [1.2, near the
>   end]

This suffers from the same problem you have pointed out regarding 
resource identification.

>   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (i.e., is an abstract
>   designator) or if it resolves directly to an object or a non-URL
>   resource designator [2.3.2, 3rd para] [note that this is the only
>   use of the phrase 'resource designator' in the draft]
>
>   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (e.g., is an abstract
>   designator) [2.3.3, 2nd para]
>
>   because a URN might not specify the location of a resource or even
>   point indirectly to one [4.1, 2nd para]
>
>   (e.g., URNs within some URN namespaces are intended to act as
>   abstract designators and thus are not intended to be resolved)
>   [6.4.6 1st para]
>
>   Clarified that there can be URNs that neither resolve to URLs nor
>   are abstract designators. [F.8., 6th bullet.  I _think_ this refers
>   to the quote above from section 2.3.2]
>
> It is often argued that 3986 implies that there are two in-principle
> possibilities for any URI (including URNs) as far as resolution is
> concerned (where the possibility that resolution may involve more than
> one step is assumed):
>
>   1) Resolution services are or could be provided, but the results of
>      resolution necessarily consist only of metadata about the
>      identified resource, that is, no _representation_ of that
>      resource is or could be available;

I'd like to understand more about what 'metadata' means here.

RFC 3986 says the following in Section 1.2.2:

    A "representation" is a
    sequence of octets, along with representation metadata describing
    those octets, that constitutes a record of the state of the resource
    at the time when the representation is generated.

Here, 'metadata' mean metadata about the representation. If there is no 
representation, there can be no representation metadata.

However, later in the same paragraph we find this:

    Depending on the protocols used to perform the retrieval,
    additional information might be supplied about the resource (resource
    metadata) and its relation to other resources.

This might indicate that RFC 3986 envisions a distinction between 
representation metadata (metadata describing the octets, as in MIME, see 
Section 5.1.2) and resource metadata (metadata describing the resource 
itself - perhaps an example would be Dublin Core information about 
authors, publishers, licenses, and the like). However, even the notion 
of resource metadata here seems to be tied to retrieval.

>   2) Resolution services are or could be provided, and the results of
>      resolution may in practice and could in principle include one or
>      more representations.
>
> However I think the above quotes from the current draft taken together
> provide evidence that it considers there to be a
> _threefold_ distinction, adding
>
>   3) No resolution services of any kind are provided or envisaged;

Yes.

> However the quotes also demonstrate that no consistent interpretation
> for the term 'abstract designator', e.g. as (1) or (3) (or their union),
> is possible.

Impossible is a strong word. :-)

I agree that the current text is not fully consistent with RFC 3986 
(e.g., with regard to all URIs identifying resources), and perhaps is 
not internally consistent. That doesn't necessarily imply that no 
consistent intepretation of the term 'abstract designator' is possible.

As noted, we coined this term to refer to precisely your (3).

The examples that I personally had in mind were XML namespaces, such as 
"urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-sasl" in RFC 6120. Although I suppose one 
could make the argument that a "representation" of an XML namespace 
could take the form of a W3 XML Schema or a RELAX NG schema, that seems 
like a stretch to me.

An even more abstract example is feature advertisement of the kind we 
use in XMPP:

<feature var='urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256'/>

(See http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0300.html for details.)

I suppose you could say that the foregoing URN identifies a "resource" 
of supporting the specified hash function. Here it's even clearer to me 
that there is no representation and that no resolution is ever intended.

The service names defined in RFC 5031 and RFC 7462 seem similar - they 
are just identifiers of features that an endpoint can support.

> Although at first it may seem that the most likely intended meaning
> for the term is (3), in fact I don't think this makes any sense.  An
> identifier about which _no_ information is provided is useless, or
> rather, it makes no sense to make it available, as no-one when
> encountering it will be able to make anything of it.  Registering a
> URN namespace must surely imply the intent of providing _some_
> information about the resources identified by URNs which use it, even
> if that is only metadata to the effect that all interesting
> information about such resources is available offline in such-and-such
> a way.

For the examples adduced above, the URNs most definitely have meaning, 
and that meaning is specified in the relevant protocol specification. 
Are you suggesting that the appropriate metadata here is a pointer to 
the specification in which the meaning of the URN is defined?

> Or, more simply, the difference between (1) and (3) is surely a
> contingent one, bearing in mind the timescales over which we expect
> URNs to persist.  It would be an odd namespace indeed for which the
> defining documents mandated that no-one could ever implement a
> resolution service providing useful metadata!

Well, it seems to me that the arrow of meaning for such namespaces 
points in the other direction. To my mind, immersed as it is in the 
practicalities of deploying running code for communication systems, it 
would be an odd resolution service indeed that attempts to "resolve" 
urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256 to XEP-0300 or to "resolve" 
urn:alert:service:call-waiting to RFC 7462. Instead, these URNs are used 
as, well, abstract designators of potentially supported features in XMPP 
or SIP; i.e., XMPP or SIP user agents and servers know exactly what 
these URNs mean (because the software developers have read the relevant 
specifications), but I see no reason for some generic URN parser to 
resolve them. Not that anyone could stop them from implementing such 
resolution, but there's no good reason to do so as far as I can see. 
Call that "contingent" if you would like.

> What I think is the key distinction being implicitly appealed to is
> the _representability_ of resources in a namespace.  The draft appears
> to use the acronym 'URL' to _mean_ a URI which is (at least in
> principle) resolvable to a representation.

To your point in another thread, that would be "locator".

> But I'd much prefer if the
> difference between (2) vs (1) union (3) were _not_ equated with
> "resolve(s) to a URL", because
>
>   a) For 3986 and many users of URLs (understanding 'URL' to mean
>      'non-URN URI'), many URLs identify resources for which no
>      representations are possible;
>
>   b) There are perfectly good ways which are _not_ mediated by URLs at
>      all to access representations for resources.

Agreeing to all of that, it still seems to me that abstract designators 
are useful and that the concept captures something that is different 
from your (1) and (2).

> So in summary I'm arguing that the only non-contingent property worth
> naming with 'abstract' or something like it is a property of
> _resources_, not of URNs.  As such it's not really relevant to this
> specification.
>
> My most-preferred outcome: just remove the term 'abstract designator'
> altogether, and only discuss briefly the contingent nature of
> resolution, as sometimes yielding metadata, and sometimes (perhaps
> indirectly) access to representations.

I'm probably being obtuse, but I still don't see what the resource 
metadata is for urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256 or 
urn:alert:service:call-waiting. Is it all and only the specification in 
which the name is defined?

Peter



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To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
Thread-Topic: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Hello,=20

a few comments inline below.=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Peter Saint-Andre
> Sent: 6. joulukuuta 2016 9:00
> To: Henry S. Thompson <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
> Cc: urn@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
>=20
> Hi Henry, thanks for the continued reviews and feedback. Comments inline.
>=20
> On 11/17/16 5:22 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> > Part 1 -- 3986 incompatibility
> >
> > URNs are URIs, that is, Uniform Resource Identifiers.  Every URI
> > identifies something, as the name implies, and 3986 uses the term
> > 'resource' as the cover term for _anything_ that is identified by a
> > URI.  It explicitly places _no_ constraint on what a URI can identify.
> > In other words, anything can be a resource: real, imaginary, abstract,
> > concrete, individual, set (finite or infinite), ...

You say below that resources do not in general have media types. If that is=
 the case, then there is a constraint on what a URI can identify if identif=
ication of representations (which do have a media type) is not covered in t=
he URI syntax as well. More about this below. =20

Whatever general reservations I may have about RFC 3986, I have no problem =
with using the RFC 3986 terminology in RFC2141bis. Communities using URNs w=
ill in any case map the URN terminology from the URN syntax specification a=
nd other IETF documents to whatever terms they are using internally. Such t=
erminological mappings may be a bit awkward, but that should have no impact=
 on the URN usage within these domains.=20

Just to give you an example, library community does not use and will not us=
e terms "resource" and "representation". We have works, expressions, manife=
stations and items. I assume (for now) that "resource" covers the first thr=
ee of these, and representation equals item. Works are immaterial (Hamlet, =
the original text in English) and so are expressions which are for instance=
 translations of works. Manifestations are physical or digital embodiments =
of works and expressions.=20

There are international standard identifiers for all of these resources. We=
 have also standard identifiers for metadata records describing these resou=
rces, and it is fine with me to say that these metadata records are resourc=
es as well. And there are standard identifiers for authors like Shakespeare=
, and publishers (and all the other organizations out there). Calling these=
 natural and legal persons resources within this particular context is conf=
using, but we can deal with it. There are also identifiers for subject head=
ings (literature - Medieval - English) and place names (Stratford-Upon-Avon=
) and OK, we can think that they (and definitely metadata records describin=
g them) are resources as well.

One area where RFC 3986 is a bit restrictive is that we have standard ident=
ifiers for representations as well. We can identify items, that is, individ=
ual copies of a (printed) book. It is also possible and sometimes necessary=
 to give different persistent identifiers to, say, PDF version of Hamlet in=
 English, available from different sources (publisher, legal deposit collec=
tion in the national library, open repository at the university, and so on)=
.      =20

So in order to be flexible enough for libraries, RFC 3986 and RFC2141bis sh=
ould talk about both resource identifiers and representation identifiers. B=
ut we can do without the latter in 2141bis. From our point of view the term=
inology used in RFC 3986 (resources and representations) is far too simple,=
 but using it in URN context should not be a problem, as long as libraries =
can still use their own, more fine grained terminology in namespace registr=
ation requests. For instance, it would not be meaningful to say that ISBNs =
are for book resources (in RFC 3986 sense), they are for manifestations of =
books. =20
=20
> >
> > The current draft does not define the term 'resource'.  It often uses
> > it in ways which are consistent with 3986's definition, for example in
> > phrases such as "resource identifier" (lower case in original),
> > "identified resource", "The kinds of resources identified by URNs" and
> > "persistent identification of resources".  This longer exposition is
> > also pretty much compatible with 3986:
> >
> >   URNs (either individually or entire URN namespaces as defined below)
> >   that do not resolve to URLs at all or that resolve to metadata or
> >   non-Internet objects are among URN use cases explicitly permitted by
> >   this specification; each leaves the concept of "resolution" somewhat
> >   more abstract and difficult than the simple case of resolution to a
> >   URL. [1.1, 2nd para]

It is important to say that URN resolution may not always produce the ident=
ified resource itself, but related resources such as bibliographic metadata=
 record describing the resource (or metadata record describing rights infor=
mation about the resource).  The result can be URL, but not a URL of the id=
entified resource, but of something else.  =20

> > But the current draft also uses 'resource' in many ways which are
> > clearly incompatible with 3986.  3986 is very careful to distinguish
> > between the resource _identified_ by a URI on the one hand, and
> > _representations_ of that resource and _metadata_ about it on the
> > other.  The latter are much more concrete, and the kind of thing you
> > can get your hands on/interact with (see section 1.2.2 of 3986 [1]).

What exactly do you mean by "getting your hands on"? If we assume for a mom=
ent that the PDF version of a book is a resource, then is a particular copy=
 of that book on e.g. the national library of Finland's legal deposit colle=
ction a representation? And a back-up copy in a dark archive another one? O=
ur PDF copy might have URN:NBN assigned by the library, while a publisher m=
ight have a DOI for another representation of  the same resource on the pub=
lisher's server. So are these copies then different resources, or is RFC 39=
86 just plain wrong? =20

And if the PDF version of a book is a representation, how can we extend URN=
 scope to identification of not only representations, but also to copies of=
 those representations in different locations?=20

> > Some examples of where the current draft is incompatible with this
> > position:
> >
> >   "A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
> >   that does not identify a resource" [Abstract, Introduction]
> >   Per 3986, _all_ URIs identify something, which it calls a resource.
>=20
> Good catch.

+ 1, from RFC2141bis point of view.=20

> >   "media type of those resources" [2.3.3, next-to-last para]
> >   Per 3986, resources do not in general have media types,
> >   _representations_, e.g. as returned in messages, have media types.

Standard identifiers the library community has been using for decades ident=
ify things that do have a media type, such as books in PDF, or audio in MP3=
. Media type is important, since usually different representations (PDF, OD=
F, HTML versions of a book) do get different identifiers.=20

The only resources (in the RFC 3986 sense) which the libraries deal with ar=
e what we call works and expressions, which are immaterial and do not have =
a media type. But since we deal more with manifestations it would be totall=
y impossible for libraries to accept a specification which does not allow i=
dentification of things which do have a media type.  =20

> > I don't think this will be hard to fix -- there's already a
> > distinction between what is identified and the outcome of a resolution
> > attempt, as well as between resolution and retrieval, and the wording
> > around these just needs to be tightened up a bit, with the word
> > 'resource' used a bit less.  Whether the idea behind 3986's word
> > 'representation' needs to be imported, along with the word, will I
> > think be an editorial decision to be made in the course of the
> > tightening-up effort.
>=20
> Yes, that all seems right.

As far as I am concerned, RFC3986 does have some issues with resources and =
representations which seem to become more apparent when we apply these term=
s in the real world (at least as libraries see them). But my suggestion is =
to not to dig too deep in possible problems in the URI syntax problems, jus=
t assume that all is well, talk about resources only in the URN syntax spec=
ification and let communities use whatever terms they are used to and ident=
ify whatever they need to identify in their own namespaces.=20
 =20
Best regards,=20

Juha=20

> > Part 2 -- 'abstract designator'
>=20
> As a bit of background, I would say that we introduced the term 'abstract
> designator' to describe names that purely identify resources; that is, th=
e
> intent is that such a name will never be resolved (i.e., there is no acce=
ss
> mechanism associated with the name) and, more specifically, that at no ti=
me
> will it be possible to retrieve a representation of the identified resour=
ce.
>=20
> > Here are some examples of the use of this term which taken together
> > leave me confused as to what is meant:
> >
> >   A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
> >   that does not identify a resource [Abstract, Introduction]
>=20
> As you pointed out, this is wrong: every URI identifies a resource.
>=20
> >   If there are or will be resolution services available for a URN,
> >   this document calls the URN a "resource identifier" in roughly the
> >   sense that term is used in [RFC3986].  If there is no intention to
> >   provide any resolution services, and the distinction is important,
> >   this document calls the URN an "abstract designator". [1.2, near the
> >   end]
>=20
> This suffers from the same problem you have pointed out regarding resourc=
e
> identification.
>=20
> >   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (i.e., is an abstract
> >   designator) or if it resolves directly to an object or a non-URL
> >   resource designator [2.3.2, 3rd para] [note that this is the only
> >   use of the phrase 'resource designator' in the draft]
> >
> >   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (e.g., is an abstract
> >   designator) [2.3.3, 2nd para]
> >
> >   because a URN might not specify the location of a resource or even
> >   point indirectly to one [4.1, 2nd para]
> >
> >   (e.g., URNs within some URN namespaces are intended to act as
> >   abstract designators and thus are not intended to be resolved)
> >   [6.4.6 1st para]
> >
> >   Clarified that there can be URNs that neither resolve to URLs nor
> >   are abstract designators. [F.8., 6th bullet.  I _think_ this refers
> >   to the quote above from section 2.3.2]
> >
> > It is often argued that 3986 implies that there are two in-principle
> > possibilities for any URI (including URNs) as far as resolution is
> > concerned (where the possibility that resolution may involve more than
> > one step is assumed):
> >
> >   1) Resolution services are or could be provided, but the results of
> >      resolution necessarily consist only of metadata about the
> >      identified resource, that is, no _representation_ of that
> >      resource is or could be available;
>=20
> I'd like to understand more about what 'metadata' means here.
>=20
> RFC 3986 says the following in Section 1.2.2:
>=20
>     A "representation" is a
>     sequence of octets, along with representation metadata describing
>     those octets, that constitutes a record of the state of the resource
>     at the time when the representation is generated.
>=20
> Here, 'metadata' mean metadata about the representation. If there is no
> representation, there can be no representation metadata.
>=20
> However, later in the same paragraph we find this:
>=20
>     Depending on the protocols used to perform the retrieval,
>     additional information might be supplied about the resource (resource
>     metadata) and its relation to other resources.
>=20
> This might indicate that RFC 3986 envisions a distinction between
> representation metadata (metadata describing the octets, as in MIME, see
> Section 5.1.2) and resource metadata (metadata describing the resource
> itself - perhaps an example would be Dublin Core information about author=
s,
> publishers, licenses, and the like). However, even the notion of resource
> metadata here seems to be tied to retrieval.
>=20
> >   2) Resolution services are or could be provided, and the results of
> >      resolution may in practice and could in principle include one or
> >      more representations.
> >
> > However I think the above quotes from the current draft taken together
> > provide evidence that it considers there to be a _threefold_
> > distinction, adding
> >
> >   3) No resolution services of any kind are provided or envisaged;
>=20
> Yes.
>=20
> > However the quotes also demonstrate that no consistent interpretation
> > for the term 'abstract designator', e.g. as (1) or (3) (or their
> > union), is possible.
>=20
> Impossible is a strong word. :-)
>=20
> I agree that the current text is not fully consistent with RFC 3986 (e.g.=
, with
> regard to all URIs identifying resources), and perhaps is not internally
> consistent. That doesn't necessarily imply that no consistent intepretati=
on of
> the term 'abstract designator' is possible.
>=20
> As noted, we coined this term to refer to precisely your (3).
>=20
> The examples that I personally had in mind were XML namespaces, such as
> "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-sasl" in RFC 6120. Although I suppose one
> could make the argument that a "representation" of an XML namespace
> could take the form of a W3 XML Schema or a RELAX NG schema, that seems
> like a stretch to me.
>=20
> An even more abstract example is feature advertisement of the kind we use
> in XMPP:
>=20
> <feature var=3D'urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256'/>
>=20
> (See http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0300.html for details.)
>=20
> I suppose you could say that the foregoing URN identifies a "resource"
> of supporting the specified hash function. Here it's even clearer to me t=
hat
> there is no representation and that no resolution is ever intended.
>=20
> The service names defined in RFC 5031 and RFC 7462 seem similar - they ar=
e
> just identifiers of features that an endpoint can support.
>=20
> > Although at first it may seem that the most likely intended meaning
> > for the term is (3), in fact I don't think this makes any sense.  An
> > identifier about which _no_ information is provided is useless, or
> > rather, it makes no sense to make it available, as no-one when
> > encountering it will be able to make anything of it.  Registering a
> > URN namespace must surely imply the intent of providing _some_
> > information about the resources identified by URNs which use it, even
> > if that is only metadata to the effect that all interesting
> > information about such resources is available offline in such-and-such
> > a way.
>=20
> For the examples adduced above, the URNs most definitely have meaning,
> and that meaning is specified in the relevant protocol specification.
> Are you suggesting that the appropriate metadata here is a pointer to the
> specification in which the meaning of the URN is defined?
>=20
> > Or, more simply, the difference between (1) and (3) is surely a
> > contingent one, bearing in mind the timescales over which we expect
> > URNs to persist.  It would be an odd namespace indeed for which the
> > defining documents mandated that no-one could ever implement a
> > resolution service providing useful metadata!
>=20
> Well, it seems to me that the arrow of meaning for such namespaces points
> in the other direction. To my mind, immersed as it is in the practicaliti=
es of
> deploying running code for communication systems, it would be an odd
> resolution service indeed that attempts to "resolve"
> urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256 to XEP-0300 or to "resolve"
> urn:alert:service:call-waiting to RFC 7462. Instead, these URNs are used =
as,
> well, abstract designators of potentially supported features in XMPP or S=
IP;
> i.e., XMPP or SIP user agents and servers know exactly what these URNs
> mean (because the software developers have read the relevant
> specifications), but I see no reason for some generic URN parser to resol=
ve
> them. Not that anyone could stop them from implementing such resolution,
> but there's no good reason to do so as far as I can see.
> Call that "contingent" if you would like.
>=20
> > What I think is the key distinction being implicitly appealed to is
> > the _representability_ of resources in a namespace.  The draft appears
> > to use the acronym 'URL' to _mean_ a URI which is (at least in
> > principle) resolvable to a representation.
>=20
> To your point in another thread, that would be "locator".
>=20
> > But I'd much prefer if the
> > difference between (2) vs (1) union (3) were _not_ equated with
> > "resolve(s) to a URL", because
> >
> >   a) For 3986 and many users of URLs (understanding 'URL' to mean
> >      'non-URN URI'), many URLs identify resources for which no
> >      representations are possible;
> >
> >   b) There are perfectly good ways which are _not_ mediated by URLs at
> >      all to access representations for resources.
>=20
> Agreeing to all of that, it still seems to me that abstract designators a=
re useful
> and that the concept captures something that is different from your (1) a=
nd
> (2).
>=20
> > So in summary I'm arguing that the only non-contingent property worth
> > naming with 'abstract' or something like it is a property of
> > _resources_, not of URNs.  As such it's not really relevant to this
> > specification.
> >
> > My most-preferred outcome: just remove the term 'abstract designator'
> > altogether, and only discuss briefly the contingent nature of
> > resolution, as sometimes yielding metadata, and sometimes (perhaps
> > indirectly) access to representations.
>=20
> I'm probably being obtuse, but I still don't see what the resource metada=
ta is
> for urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256 or urn:alert:service:call-
> waiting. Is it all and only the specification in which the name is define=
d?
>=20
> Peter
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


From nobody Wed Dec  7 04:16:13 2016
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To: "Hakala\, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>
References: <3bee74ce-c5ce-3f28-5cc9-437f34b778e9@stpeter.im> <f5br36autq4.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <a4eda310-1834-eac1-3d37-382686db8320@stpeter.im> <HE1PR0701MB2603D54C01D1FB17D55F8060FA850@HE1PR0701MB2603.eurprd07.prod.outlook.com>
From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Wed, 07 Dec 2016 12:15:53 +0000
In-Reply-To: <HE1PR0701MB2603D54C01D1FB17D55F8060FA850@HE1PR0701MB2603.eurprd07.prod.outlook.com> (Juha E. Hakala's message of "Wed\, 7 Dec 2016 09\:09\:06 +0000")
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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[Prolog: I've been avoiding FRBR [1] terminology, with which I am familiar,
because although as you say the information science community knows it
very well, the web community does not.

And there's an interesting intellectual discussion to be had about which
of FRBR's 'manifestation' or 'item' is closer to 3986's
'representation', but I think we can bring urnbis to completion without
engaging further with that question and the many interesting issues
which surround it.]

[Disclaimer: The above notwithstanding, and with respect, I don't think
any of what follows actually impacts on the discussion of what, if
anything, needs to change in urnbis -- for that, see my forthcoming
reply to Peter.]

Hakala, Juha E writes:

> [Peter Saint-Andre wrote]
>> a few comments inline below. 
>
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Peter Saint-Andre
>> Cc: urn@ietf.org
>> Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
>> 
>> Hi Henry, thanks for the continued reviews and feedback. Comments inline.
>> 
>> On 11/17/16 5:22 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
>> > Part 1 -- 3986 incompatibility
>> >
>> > URNs are URIs, that is, Uniform Resource Identifiers.  Every URI
>> > identifies something, as the name implies, and 3986 uses the term
>> > 'resource' as the cover term for _anything_ that is identified by a
>> > URI.  It explicitly places _no_ constraint on what a URI can identify.
>> > In other words, anything can be a resource: real, imaginary, abstract,
>> > concrete, individual, set (finite or infinite), ...
>
> You say below that resources do not in general have media types. If
> that is the case, then there is a constraint on what a URI can
> identify if identification of representations (which do have a media
> type) is not covered in the URI syntax as well. More about this below.

You're right, of course -- 'in general' doesn't mean 'always'.  It is
however actually quite rare in practice for a representation as such to
have a distinct URI: from the 3986 perspective a representation is what
you get in a message, the outcome of a retrieval request for a URI for a
resource that _has_ a representation.

Even in the (apparently) simple case of, say, the particular online item
corresponding to the PDF manifestation of the FRBR report [1] on some
IFLA server somewhere, 3986 would call what [1] identifies a resource,
more-or-less corresponding to the 2008 English expression of the work.
The manifestation has what you might call a 'native' media type
(application/pdf in this case), which is reproduced as representation
metadata in any successful HTTP Response message in reply to an HTTP GET
Request to that server for that URI. [Note: this does _not_ claim to be
a definitive answer to the question of how to deploy FRBR in the case of
web-hosted artefacts, see disclaimer above.  I believe the point
relevant to urnbis here is independent of exactly which FRBR-defined
terms should be applied to which 3986-defined terms]

Berners-Lee has used the term *information resource* (see AWWW [2]) for
resources like this, that is, resources "all of [whose] essential
characteristics can be conveyed in a message."

There's nothing in 3986 or elsewhere to rule _out_ creating a URI for a
resource which one might describe as "the particular byte-sequence
conforming to the application/pdf media type and corresponding to the
2008 edition of the FRBR report which was transmitted from 178.18.86.42
to 129.215.25.32 beginning at 2016-12-07 11:26:55 GMT in response to a
retrieval request for
http://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/frbr/frbr_2008.pdf".

You could then make assertions about that particular representation as
identified by such a URI (for example that it consisted of 1336355
bytes, was expressed using PDF-1.4, that it had not been compressed for
transmission, that it took 2.1 seconds to be transmitted, etc.), some,
but not (necessarily) all of which would also be true of the item on the
server.  But it _would_ (again quoting 3986) be "a record of the state
of [that] resource at the time when [that] representation [was]
generated".

> Just to give you an example, library community does not use and will
> not use terms "resource" and "representation". We have works,
> expressions, manifestations and items. I assume (for now) that
> "resource" covers the first three of these, and representation equals
> item. Works are immaterial (Hamlet, the original text in English) and
> so are expressions which are for instance translations of
> works. Manifestations are physical or digital embodiments of works and
> expressions.

That's one possible version of the mapping, I agree, although not quite
the same as what I outlined above.

> One area where RFC 3986 is a bit restrictive is that we have standard
> identifiers for representations as well. We can identify items, that
> is, individual copies of a (printed) book. It is also possible and
> sometimes necessary to give different persistent identifiers to, say,
> PDF version of Hamlet in English, available from different sources
> (publisher, legal deposit collection in the national library, open
> repository at the university, and so on).

As I hope is clear from the extended example above, no problem with
that.  It's just that 3986 doesn't call those things representations,
they are resources too.

> So in order to be flexible enough for libraries, RFC 3986 and
> RFC2141bis should talk about both resource identifiers and
> representation identifiers.

Indeed, since they can all have URIs, they are all resources.

>  But we can do without the latter in 2141bis. From our point of view
> the terminology used in RFC 3986 (resources and representations) is
> far too simple, but using it in URN context should not be a problem,
> as long as libraries can still use their own, more fine grained
> terminology in namespace registration requests. For instance, it would
> not be meaningful to say that ISBNs are for book resources (in RFC
> 3986 sense), they are for manifestations of books.

Just fine.

>> > The current draft does not define the term 'resource'.  It often uses
>> > it in ways which are consistent with 3986's definition, for example in
>> > phrases such as "resource identifier" (lower case in original),
>> > "identified resource", "The kinds of resources identified by URNs" and
>> > "persistent identification of resources".  This longer exposition is
>> > also pretty much compatible with 3986:
>> >
>> >   URNs (either individually or entire URN namespaces as defined below)
>> >   that do not resolve to URLs at all or that resolve to metadata or
>> >   non-Internet objects are among URN use cases explicitly permitted by
>> >   this specification; each leaves the concept of "resolution" somewhat
>> >   more abstract and difficult than the simple case of resolution to a
>> >   URL. [1.1, 2nd para]
>
> It is important to say that URN resolution may not always produce the
> identified resource itself, but related resources such as
> bibliographic metadata record describing the resource (or metadata
> record describing rights information about the resource).  The result
> can be URL, but not a URL of the identified resource, but of something
> else.

>From the 3986 perspective, _no_ resolution _ever_ produces the
identified resource.  Resolution by definition produces a
representation.  Whether it's a representation _of the (state of the)
resource_, or of resource metadata, is a contingent question.
Berners-Lee would say that the former (a representation of the resource)
is _only_ possible for *information resources*.

>> > But the current draft also uses 'resource' in many ways which are
>> > clearly incompatible with 3986.  3986 is very careful to distinguish
>> > between the resource _identified_ by a URI on the one hand, and
>> > _representations_ of that resource and _metadata_ about it on the
>> > other.  The latter are much more concrete, and the kind of thing you
>> > can get your hands on/interact with (see section 1.2.2 of 3986 [1]).
>
> What exactly do you mean by "getting your hands on"? If we assume for
> a moment that the PDF version of a book is a resource, then is a
> particular copy of that book on e.g. the national library of Finland's
> legal deposit collection a representation? 

No, a resource.

> And a back-up copy in a dark archive another one? 

No, a resource.

> Our PDF copy might have URN:NBN assigned by the library, while a
> publisher might have a DOI for another representation of the same
> resource on the publisher's server. So are these copies then different
> resources, or is RFC 3986 just plain wrong?

Different resources.

> And if the PDF version of a book is a representation, how can we
> extend URN scope to identification of not only representations, but
> also to copies of those representations in different locations?

Not a representation, so not a problem.

>> >   "media type of those resources" [2.3.3, next-to-last para]
>> >   Per 3986, resources do not in general have media types,
>> >   _representations_, e.g. as returned in messages, have media types.
>
> Standard identifiers the library community has been using for decades
> identify things that do have a media type, such as books in PDF, or
> audio in MP3. Media type is important, since usually different
> representations (PDF, ODF, HTML versions of a book) do get different
> identifiers.

Agreed, but not a problem, see above.

> The only resources (in the RFC 3986 sense) which the libraries deal
> with are what we call works and expressions, which are immaterial and
> do not have a media type. But since we deal more with manifestations
> it would be totally impossible for libraries to accept a specification
> which does not allow identification of things which do have a media
> type.

Agreed, but not a problem, see above.

>> > I don't think this will be hard to fix -- there's already a
>> > distinction between what is identified and the outcome of a resolution
>> > attempt, as well as between resolution and retrieval, and the wording
>> > around these just needs to be tightened up a bit, with the word
>> > 'resource' used a bit less.  Whether the idea behind 3986's word
>> > 'representation' needs to be imported, along with the word, will I
>> > think be an editorial decision to be made in the course of the
>> > tightening-up effort.
>> 
>> Yes, that all seems right.
>
> As far as I am concerned, RFC3986 does have some issues with resources
> and representations which seem to become more apparent when we apply
> these terms in the real world (at least as libraries see them).

Quite likely, but I hope the above has helped clarify that some of the
problems you thought were there are not actually there.

> But my suggestion is to not to dig too deep in possible problems in
> the URI syntax problems, just assume that all is well, talk about
> resources only in the URN syntax specification and let communities use
> whatever terms they are used to and identify whatever they need to
> identify in their own namespaces.

Works for me.  3986's use of 'representation' is _very_ narrow, and
doesn't correspond well to ordinary language use.  As I said in the
original ("whether ... 'representation' needs to be imported" ...), I
don't assume it needs to appear in urnbis at all.

Thanks for your detailed and thoughtful reply,

ht

[1] http://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/frbr/frbr_2008.pdf
[2] https://www.w3.org/TR/webarch/
-- 
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
                       URL: http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/
 [mail from me _always_ has a .sig like this -- mail without it is forged spam]


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To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Mon, 12 Dec 2016 14:27:00 +0000
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Peter Saint-Andre writes:

>> Part 1 -- 3986 incompatibility
>> ...
> Yes, that all seems right.

>> Part 2 -- 'abstract designator'
>
> As a bit of background, I would say that we introduced the term
> 'abstract designator' to describe names that purely identify
> resources; that is, the intent is that such a name will never be
> resolved (i.e., there is no access mechanism associated with the name)
> and, more specifically, that at no time will it be possible to
> retrieve a representation of the identified resource.

Understood.

>> Here are some examples of the use of this term which taken together
>> leave me confused as to what is meant:
>> ...
>>   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (i.e., is an abstract
>>   designator) or if it resolves directly to an object or a non-URL
>>   resource designator [2.3.2, 3rd para] [note that this is the only
>>   use of the phrase 'resource designator' in the draft]
>>
>>   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (e.g., is an abstract
>>   designator) [2.3.3, 2nd para]
>>
>>   because a URN might not specify the location of a resource or even
>>   point indirectly to one [4.1, 2nd para]
>>
>>   (e.g., URNs within some URN namespaces are intended to act as
>>   abstract designators and thus are not intended to be resolved)
>>   [6.4.6 1st para]
>>
>>   Clarified that there can be URNs that neither resolve to URLs nor
>>   are abstract designators. [F.8., 6th bullet.  I _think_ this refers
>>   to the quote above from section 2.3.2]
>>
>> It is often argued that 3986 implies that there are two in-principle
>> possibilities for any URI (including URNs) as far as resolution is
>> concerned (where the possibility that resolution may involve more than
>> one step is assumed):
>>
>>   1) Resolution services are or could be provided, but the results of
>>      resolution necessarily consist only of metadata about the
>>      identified resource, that is, no _representation_ of that
>>      resource is or could be available;
>
> I'd like to understand more about what 'metadata' means here.
>
> RFC 3986 says the following in Section 1.2.2:
>
>    A "representation" is a
>    sequence of octets, along with representation metadata describing
>    those octets, that constitutes a record of the state of the resource
>    at the time when the representation is generated.
>
> Here, 'metadata' mean metadata about the representation. If there is
> no representation, there can be no representation metadata.

Right -- as in my reply to Juha, this is an example of 3986's very
_narrow_ use of 'representation'.  And yes, 3986 is careful to
distinguish between representation metadata, which will always be
strictly defined by the protocol by which the representation is
delivered, and resource metadata, which is unconstrained by 3986.

> However, later in the same paragraph we find this:
>
>    Depending on the protocols used to perform the retrieval,
>    additional information might be supplied about the resource (resource
>    metadata) and its relation to other resources.
>
> This might indicate that RFC 3986 envisions a distinction between
> representation metadata (metadata describing the octets, as in MIME,
> see Section 5.1.2)

and also protocol-related information, such as cacheability,
time-to-live, etc.

> and resource metadata (metadata describing the resource itself

Yes.

> - perhaps an example would be Dublin Core information
> about authors, publishers, licenses, and the like). 

For example, yes.  But much further than that in the case of
non-representable resources (non-information resources, to use
Berners-Lee's term, see my reply to Juha) -- more on this below.

> However, even the notion of resource metadata here seems to be tied to
> retrieval.

Yes, I _think_ the '_additional_ information might be _supplied_'
[emphasis added] is a reference to on the one hand offers of other
formats (MIME and/or translations), and on the other hand (where
'alternative' would be more accurate than 'additional') when no
representation is supplied but other information is (again, see below).

>>   2) Resolution services are or could be provided, and the results of
>>      resolution may in practice and could in principle include one or
>>      more representations.
>>
>> However I think the above quotes from the current draft taken together
>> provide evidence that it considers there to be a
>> _threefold_ distinction, adding
>>
>>   3) No resolution services of any kind are provided or envisaged;
>
> Yes.
>
>> However the quotes also demonstrate that no consistent interpretation
>> for the term 'abstract designator', e.g. as (1) or (3) (or their union),
>> is possible.
>
> Impossible is a strong word. :-)
>
> I agree that the current text is not fully consistent with RFC 3986
> (e.g., with regard to all URIs identifying resources), and perhaps is
> not internally consistent. That doesn't necessarily imply that no
> consistent intepretation of the term 'abstract designator' is possible.

Indeed.

> As noted, we coined this term to refer to precisely your (3).

Right -- it's now clear that we disagree about the _possibility_ of such
identifiers.

> The examples that I personally had in mind were XML namespaces, such
> as "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:xmpp-sasl" in RFC 6120. Although I suppose
> one could make the argument that a "representation" of an XML
> namespace could take the form of a W3 XML Schema or a RELAX NG schema,
> that seems like a stretch to me.

Indeed.  Stipulate that no representation is possible.  XML namespaces
are not, in Berners-Lee's terms, information resources.

A brief *digression* is necessary before we proceed.  In your reply to my
other message, you preferred 'access' to 'retrieve', and I accepted that
in my follow-up.  I _assumed_ you preferred the more general term
because you didn't want to distinguish in the relevant contexts between
my cases (1) and (2) above, that is, that it counts as 'accessing' a
resource if you can get resource metadata about it, even though you
can't get a representation == 'retrieve'. 

Back to the namespace example, which proves empirically opportune.  If
you issue an HTTP GET request for the XML Schema namespace URI, that is,
http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema, or for the XML encryption namespace
(http://www.w3.org/2009/xmlenc11), the response you get is not a
representation _of_ the resource, rather it gives you information
_about_ the resource: strictly speacking it represents a different
resource which gives a bit of prose description and pointers to the
relevant standards.  That's a good example of resource metadata.

> An even more abstract example is feature advertisement of the kind we
> use in XMPP:
>
> <feature var='urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256'/>
>
> (See http://xmpp.org/extensions/xep-0300.html for details.)
>
> I suppose you could say that the foregoing URN identifies a "resource"
> of supporting the specified hash function. Here it's even clearer to
> me that there is no representation and that no resolution is ever
> intended.
>
> The service names defined in RFC 5031 and RFC 7462 seem similar - they
> are just identifiers of features that an endpoint can support.

I'm happy to stipulate that none of these identify information resources
either: they all denote some documented point in some enumerated type.
But that doesn't mean someone might not find it useful to provide a
resolution service for those enumerated types which, as for the
namespace examples above, provide human-readable resource metadata.

>From which the next bit of my message follows, I hope:

>> Although at first it may seem that the most likely intended meaning
>> for the term is (3), in fact I don't think this makes any sense.  An
>> identifier about which _no_ information is provided is useless, or
>> rather, it makes no sense to make it available, as no-one when
>> encountering it will be able to make anything of it.  Registering a
>> URN namespace must surely imply the intent of providing _some_
>> information about the resources identified by URNs which use it, even
>> if that is only metadata to the effect that all interesting
>> information about such resources is available offline in such-and-such
>> a way.
>
> For the examples adduced above, the URNs most definitely have meaning,
> and that meaning is specified in the relevant protocol
> specification. Are you suggesting that the appropriate metadata here
> is a pointer to the specification in which the meaning of the URN is
> defined?

Precisely.

>> Or, more simply, the difference between (1) and (3) is surely a
>> contingent one, bearing in mind the timescales over which we expect
>> URNs to persist.  It would be an odd namespace indeed for which the
>> defining documents mandated that no-one could ever implement a
>> resolution service providing useful metadata!
>
> Well, it seems to me that the arrow of meaning for such namespaces
> points in the other direction. To my mind, immersed as it is in the
> practicalities of deploying running code for communication systems, it
> would be an odd resolution service indeed that attempts to "resolve"
> urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256 to XEP-0300 or to "resolve"
> urn:alert:service:call-waiting to RFC 7462. Instead, these URNs are
> used as, well, abstract designators of potentially supported features
> in XMPP or SIP; i.e., XMPP or SIP user agents and servers know exactly
> what these URNs mean (because the software developers have read the
> relevant specifications), but I see no reason for some generic URN
> parser to resolve them. Not that anyone could stop them from
> implementing such resolution, but there's no good reason to do so as
> far as I can see. Call that "contingent" if you would like.

Reasonable persons might differ, I submit.  There's a line of argument,
expressed in the folkloric argument for why the Web works: "because you
can write URIs on the side of a bus, follow your nose and view source"
[1].  The "follow your nose" point is more formally worked through in
the TAG finding "The Self-Describing Web" [2].  On this account, part of
the practical value of using URNs instead of any other form of managed
name is precisely that the overhead involved in supplying online access
to useful information is low because some much of the necessary
infrastructure is already in place.

More controversially, there is the expectation/vision/hope/dream of the
Semantic Web, that is, of _machine-interpretable_ metadata, where, for
example, one might hope to find a set of axioms, expressed in RDF, which
would actually support an automatic operationalisation of e.g. the
various XEP-0300 hash functionalities.

>> What I think is the key distinction being implicitly appealed to is
>> the _representability_ of resources in a namespace.  The draft appears
>> to use the acronym 'URL' to _mean_ a URI which is (at least in
>> principle) resolvable to a representation.
>
> To your point in another thread, that would be "locator".

Well, no longer -- see the *digression* above -- that is what I meant
originally, but in response to your suggestion I agreed to widening,
shall we say, from "_retrieval_-enabled" to "_access_-enabled", where
the former is restricted to representations but the latter extends to
(resource) metadata.

>> But I'd much prefer if the
>> difference between (2) vs (1) union (3) were _not_ equated with
>> "resolve(s) to a URL", because
>>
>>   a) For 3986 and many users of URLs (understanding 'URL' to mean
>>      'non-URN URI'), many URLs identify resources for which no
>>      representations are possible;
>>
>>   b) There are perfectly good ways which are _not_ mediated by URLs at
>>      all to access representations for resources.
>
> Agreeing to all of that, it still seems to me that abstract
> designators are useful and that the concept captures something that is
> different from your (1) and (2).

Given your examples and discussion that I'm replying to here, I think
the point now is that I see no difference between what it turns our you
mean by 'abstract designator' and my (1): identifiers of resources for
which no representation (in the strict 3986 sense) is possible.  That
certainly fits with the _word_ 'abstract': of necessity although we can
talk _about_ abstractions, even define them, they are not themselves the
same as that talk or those definitions.

>> So in summary I'm arguing that the only non-contingent property worth
>> naming with 'abstract' or something like it is a property of
>> _resources_, not of URNs.  As such it's not really relevant to this
>> specification.

In the context of the foregoing I should acknowledge that if a URN
namespace _by construction_ provides names only for
abtract/imaginary/hypothetical entities, then all names in that
namespace fall into my class (1).

>> My most-preferred outcome: just remove the term 'abstract designator'
>> altogether, and only discuss briefly the contingent nature of
>> resolution, as sometimes yielding metadata, and sometimes (perhaps
>> indirectly) access to representations.
>
> I'm probably being obtuse, but I still don't see what the resource
> metadata is for urn:xmpp:hash-function-text-names:sha-256 or
> urn:alert:service:call-waiting. Is it all and only the specification
> in which the name is defined?

I hope the above has clarified that it's not by any means that narrow.

One last example.  Consider the space of (registered) Media Types.  They
are certainly not representable as such, they definitely fall into the
category of an enumerated type with externally-specified semantics.

As such we might well think there _should_ be a URN namespace for them.
Suppose there were, e.g. urn:ietf:mediatype:.  If so, then it would be
_very_ useful if resolution of urn:ietf:mediatype:application/xml would
redirect to (the appropriate table row of)
http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml, thus
enabling a very useful instance of 'follow your nose'.

ht

[Those for whom the jargon phrase "http-range-14" rings a bell will know
that I've glossed over the HTTP-level details of the representation
vs. metadata point -- I don't believe the above discussion stands or
falls on the resolution (or lack of it) of that issue]

[1] http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/persistence.html
[2] https://www.w3.org/2001/tag/doc/selfDescribingDocuments.html
-- 
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
                       URL: http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/
 [mail from me _always_ has a .sig like this -- mail without it is forged spam]


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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Henry, thanks for your enlightening message. I shall ponder these 
matters a bit further before replying in depth.

One comment below.

On 12/12/16 7:27 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:

<snip/>

> One last example.  Consider the space of (registered) Media Types.  They
> are certainly not representable as such, they definitely fall into the
> category of an enumerated type with externally-specified semantics.
>
> As such we might well think there _should_ be a URN namespace for them.
> Suppose there were, e.g. urn:ietf:mediatype:.  If so, then it would be
> _very_ useful if resolution of urn:ietf:mediatype:application/xml would
> redirect to (the appropriate table row of)
> http://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml, thus
> enabling a very useful instance of 'follow your nose'.

In fact, a few years ago I started defining a URN namespace for IANA 
registry entries:

https://www.ietf.org/archive/id/draft-saintandre-iana-urn-01.txt

Although that work got lost in the shuffle during the recently-completed 
IANA transition, the fact that you mention IANA registry entries as an 
example of "enumerated types with externally-specified semantics" 
encourages me to think that we have a shared understanding of the 
entities under discussion here.

More soon.

Peter


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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Hi Henry & WG,

After pondering this and your follow-up message, I have a few more 
comments and I would like to propose some textual changes. See inline.

On 12/5/16 11:59 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> Hi Henry, thanks for the continued reviews and feedback. Comments inline.
>
> On 11/17/16 5:22 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
>> There are two parts to this
>>
>>   External: the current use of these terms is incompatible with the
>>             3986
>>
>>   Internal: The definitions and uses of 'abstract designator' are
>>             inconsistent
>>
>> TL;DR:
>>
>>  1) 3986 distinguishes between 'resource' and 'representation', and so
>>     should we;

Agreed.

>>  2) The term 'abstract designator' should be dropped.

I now think this is the right thing to do. Specifically, this term 
wasn't doing any work for us because it was used sparingly to no great 
effect. Better to remove it and reduce the potential for confusion.

>> Part 1 -- 3986 incompatibility
>>
>> URNs are URIs, that is, Uniform Resource Identifiers.  Every URI
>> identifies something, as the name implies, and 3986 uses the term
>> 'resource' as the cover term for _anything_ that is identified by a
>> URI.  It explicitly places _no_ constraint on what a URI can identify.
>> In other words, anything can be a resource: real, imaginary, abstract,
>> concrete, individual, set (finite or infinite), ...
>>
>> The current draft does not define the term 'resource'.  It often uses
>> it in ways which are consistent with 3986's definition, for example in
>> phrases such as "resource identifier" (lower case in original),
>> "identified resource", "The kinds of resources identified by URNs" and
>> "persistent identification of resources".  This longer exposition is
>> also pretty much compatible with 3986:
>>
>>   URNs (either individually or entire URN namespaces as defined below)
>>   that do not resolve to URLs at all or that resolve to metadata or
>>   non-Internet objects are among URN use cases explicitly permitted by
>>   this specification; each leaves the concept of "resolution" somewhat
>>   more abstract and difficult than the simple case of resolution to a
>>   URL. [1.1, 2nd para]
>>
>> But the current draft also uses 'resource' in many ways which are
>> clearly incompatible with 3986.  3986 is very careful to distinguish
>> between the resource _identified_ by a URI on the one hand, and
>> _representations_ of that resource and _metadata_ about it on the
>> other.  The latter are much more concrete, and the kind of thing you
>> can get your hands on/interact with (see section 1.2.2 of 3986 [1]).
>> Some examples of where the current draft is incompatible with this
>> position:
>>
>>   "A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
>>   that does not identify a resource" [Abstract, Introduction]
>>   Per 3986, _all_ URIs identify something, which it calls a resource.
>
> Good catch.

In both cases, I suggest that we remove the phrase "or in some cases an 
abstract designator that is persistent but that does not identify a 
resource".

>>   "media type of those resources" [2.3.3, next-to-last para]
>>   Per 3986, resources do not in general have media types,
>>   _representations_, e.g. as returned in messages, have media types.
>>
>> I don't think this will be hard to fix -- there's already a
>> distinction between what is identified and the outcome of a resolution
>> attempt, as well as between resolution and retrieval, and the wording
>> around these just needs to be tightened up a bit, with the word
>> 'resource' used a bit less.  Whether the idea behind 3986's word
>> 'representation' needs to be imported, along with the word, will I
>> think be an editorial decision to be made in the course of the
>> tightening-up effort.
>
> Yes, that all seems right.

Here is proposed text...

OLD
    The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the constituent
    parts of resources named by URNs.  Thus, for URNs that resolve to
    URLs of the named resources, the semantics of an f-component are
    defined by the media type of those resources, not by the URN
    namespace.

NEW
    The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the constituent
    parts of resources named by URNs.  Thus, for URNs that resolve to
    locator URIs of the named resources, the semantics of an f-component
    are defined by the media type of the representations into which those
    locator URIs are dereferenced, not by the URN namespace.

(See below for the paragraph where I introduce the unfamiliar term 
"locator URI".)

>> Part 2 -- 'abstract designator'
>
> As a bit of background, I would say that we introduced the term
> 'abstract designator' to describe names that purely identify resources;
> that is, the intent is that such a name will never be resolved (i.e.,
> there is no access mechanism associated with the name) and, more
> specifically, that at no time will it be possible to retrieve a
> representation of the identified resource.
>
>> Here are some examples of the use of this term which taken together
>> leave me confused as to what is meant:
>>
>>   A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
>>   that does not identify a resource [Abstract, Introduction]
>
> As you pointed out, this is wrong: every URI identifies a resource.

Fixed (see above).

>>   If there are or will be resolution services available for a URN,
>>   this document calls the URN a "resource identifier" in roughly the
>>   sense that term is used in [RFC3986].  If there is no intention to
>>   provide any resolution services, and the distinction is important,
>>   this document calls the URN an "abstract designator". [1.2, near the
>>   end]
>
> This suffers from the same problem you have pointed out regarding
> resource identification.

My suggestion is to remove that paragraph in its entirety.

>>   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (i.e., is an abstract
>>   designator) or if it resolves directly to an object or a non-URL
>>   resource designator [2.3.2, 3rd para] [note that this is the only
>>   use of the phrase 'resource designator' in the draft]
>>
>>   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (e.g., is an abstract
>>   designator) [2.3.3, 2nd para]
>>
>>   because a URN might not specify the location of a resource or even
>>   point indirectly to one [4.1, 2nd para]
>>
>>   (e.g., URNs within some URN namespaces are intended to act as
>>   abstract designators and thus are not intended to be resolved)
>>   [6.4.6 1st para]
>>
>>   Clarified that there can be URNs that neither resolve to URLs nor
>>   are abstract designators. [F.8., 6th bullet.  I _think_ this refers
>>   to the quote above from section 2.3.2]

In line with your previous message on URL vs. locator, I suggest that we 
modify the terminology in those snippets. You can get a feeling for how 
I propose to change things by reading the following paragraph:

OLD
    The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query component,
    but is introduced by "?=", not "?" alone.  For URNs that may be
    resolved to a URL, the semantics of the q-component are identical to
    those for the query component of that URL.  Thus URN resolvers
    returning a URL for a URN with a q-component do this by copying the
    q-component from the URN to the query component of the URL.  If the
    URN does not resolve to a URL, the interpretation of the q-component
    is undefined by this specification.  An example of the copying
    operation appears below.

NEW
    The URN q-component has the same syntax as the query component in URI
    schemes for locators, but is introduced by "?=", not "?" alone.  For
    URNs that may be resolved to a locator URI, the semantics of the
    q-component are identical to those for the query component of that
    URI.  Thus URN resolvers returning a locator URI for a URN with a
    q-component do this by copying the q-component from the URN to the
    query component of the locator URI.  If the URN does not resolve to a
    locator URI, the interpretation of the q-component is undefined by
    this specification.  An example of the copying operation appears
    below.

>> It is often argued that 3986 implies that there are two in-principle
>> possibilities for any URI (including URNs) as far as resolution is
>> concerned (where the possibility that resolution may involve more than
>> one step is assumed):
>>
>>   1) Resolution services are or could be provided, but the results of
>>      resolution necessarily consist only of metadata about the
>>      identified resource, that is, no _representation_ of that
>>      resource is or could be available;
>
> I'd like to understand more about what 'metadata' means here.
>
> RFC 3986 says the following in Section 1.2.2:
>
>    A "representation" is a
>    sequence of octets, along with representation metadata describing
>    those octets, that constitutes a record of the state of the resource
>    at the time when the representation is generated.
>
> Here, 'metadata' mean metadata about the representation. If there is no
> representation, there can be no representation metadata.
>
> However, later in the same paragraph we find this:
>
>    Depending on the protocols used to perform the retrieval,
>    additional information might be supplied about the resource (resource
>    metadata) and its relation to other resources.
>
> This might indicate that RFC 3986 envisions a distinction between
> representation metadata (metadata describing the octets, as in MIME, see
> Section 5.1.2) and resource metadata (metadata describing the resource
> itself - perhaps an example would be Dublin Core information about
> authors, publishers, licenses, and the like). However, even the notion
> of resource metadata here seems to be tied to retrieval.
>
>>   2) Resolution services are or could be provided, and the results of
>>      resolution may in practice and could in principle include one or
>>      more representations.
>>
>> However I think the above quotes from the current draft taken together
>> provide evidence that it considers there to be a
>> _threefold_ distinction, adding
>>
>>   3) No resolution services of any kind are provided or envisaged;
>
> Yes.

Although I am not 100% sure that we still need category (3), I _think_ 
it remains useful.

To (I hope) clarify these issues, I propose the following text change in 
Section 1.1:

OLD
    Among these general issues, one that is specific to URNs is the
    fairly abstract topic of "resolution", discussed in Section 1.2,
    Section 2.3.1, and elsewhere below.  It is possible to define the
    relationships quite precisely for a URN that resolves to a URL, where
    that URL in turn resolves to (or locates) a single target document or
    similar resource; however, that is only one special case (albeit an
    important one).  URNs (either individually or entire URN namespaces
    as defined below) that do not resolve to URLs at all or that resolve
    to metadata or non-Internet objects are among URN use cases
    explicitly permitted by this specification; each leaves the concept
    of "resolution" somewhat more abstract and difficult than the simple
    case of resolution to a URL.

NEW
    Among these general issues, one that is specific to URNs is the
    fairly difficult topic of "resolution", discussed in Section 1.2,
    Section 2.3.1, Section 6.4.6, and elsewhere below.  By contrast,
    resolution is relatively straightforward for traditional Uniform
    Resource Locators (URLs), or at least for most URI schemes for
    locators, because resolution is used to determine an access mechanism
    which in turn is used to dereference the locator by (typically)
    retrieving a representation of the associated resource (see
    Section 1.2.2 of [RFC3986]).  Consequently, it is possible to define
    the relevant relationships quite precisely for URNs that resolve to
    locators (such as URLs) which in turn are dereferenced to a
    representation (such as a target document); however, that is only one
    particular case, albeit an important one.  This specification permits
    several other kinds of URNs, either individually or (as defined
    below) collectively for entire URN namespaces.  In particular, some
    URNs might resolve to locators which in turn are dereferenced only to
    metadata about the resource, not to a representation of that
    resource; an example might be a URN namespace for cataloging of
    information resources.  Furthermore, some URNs might not be intended
    to resolve to locators at all; examples might include URNs
    identifying XML namespace names (e.g., the 'dgiwg' URN namespace
    specified by [RFC6288]), URNs identifying application features that
    can be supported within a communications protocol (e.g., the 'alert'
    URN namespace specified by [RFC7462]), and URNs identifying
    enumerated types such as values in a registry (e.g., a URN namespace
    could be used to individually identify the values in all IANA
    registries, as provisionally proposed in [I-D.saintandre-iana-urn]).
    These types of URNs leave the concept of "resolution" somewhat more
    difficult than the straightforward case of resolution to a locator
    that is dereferenced to a representation.  (On the distinction
    between names and locators, see Section 1.1.3 of [RFC3986]; on the
    distinction between representations and metadata, see Section 1.2.2
    of [RFC3986].)

As you can see, that text adds some examples and makes more careful 
distinctions, which I think are helpful (even absent the potentially 
confusing term "abstract designator").

Comments are welcome.

Peter

P.S. Please note that I have not yet talked with my co-author about 
these proposed changes, so all errors are mine.

P.P.S. If you like source control, you can see the work-in-progress 
changes here: 
https://github.com/stpeter/urnbis/commits/master/draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn.xml 
(naturally, these are only provisional, and I'd prefer to keep 
discussion on this list instead of at GitHub).



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From: "Hakala, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
Thread-Topic: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Hi Peter,=20

I approve the changes you have made, including the removal of abstract desi=
gnator. I was never a great fan of that concept.=20

One point we need to make very clear is that the terms "resource" and "iden=
tify" are used throughout RFC2141bis as specified in URI syntax, unless oth=
erwise said. And that the RFC 3986 definitions of those terms may differ a =
lot from those traditionally used in some domains which are involved with r=
esource identification. Any librarian will have a problem with "every URI i=
dentifies a resource" unless he knows how RFC 3986 defines these concepts (=
and how people understand what RFC 3986 stipulations).=20

Henry has already clarified the meaning of resource in RFC 3986. As regards=
 identification, URI syntax says that=20

Our use of the terms "identify" and "identifying"
      refer to this purpose of distinguishing one resource from all
      other resources, regardless of how that purpose is accomplished
      (e.g., by name, address, or context).  These terms should not be
      mistaken as an assumption that an identifier defines or embodies
      the identity of what is referenced, though that may be the case
      for some identifiers.

And because of this, my email address identifies me according to RFC 3986. =
Whether email addresses are good (note that the RFC 3986 definition does no=
t require persistence) identifiers even from the liberal RFC 3986 point of =
view is a different issue which does not need to be discussed here.=20

Juha=20

> -----Original Message-----
> From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Peter Saint-Andre
> Sent: 15. joulukuuta 2016 6:05
> To: Henry S. Thompson <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
> Cc: urn@ietf.org
> Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
>=20
> Hi Henry & WG,
>=20
> After pondering this and your follow-up message, I have a few more
> comments and I would like to propose some textual changes. See inline.
>=20
> On 12/5/16 11:59 PM, Peter Saint-Andre wrote:
> > Hi Henry, thanks for the continued reviews and feedback. Comments
> inline.
> >
> > On 11/17/16 5:22 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> >> There are two parts to this
> >>
> >>   External: the current use of these terms is incompatible with the
> >>             3986
> >>
> >>   Internal: The definitions and uses of 'abstract designator' are
> >>             inconsistent
> >>
> >> TL;DR:
> >>
> >>  1) 3986 distinguishes between 'resource' and 'representation', and so
> >>     should we;
>=20
> Agreed.
>=20
> >>  2) The term 'abstract designator' should be dropped.
>=20
> I now think this is the right thing to do. Specifically, this term wasn't=
 doing any
> work for us because it was used sparingly to no great effect. Better to
> remove it and reduce the potential for confusion.
>=20
> >> Part 1 -- 3986 incompatibility
> >>
> >> URNs are URIs, that is, Uniform Resource Identifiers.  Every URI
> >> identifies something, as the name implies, and 3986 uses the term
> >> 'resource' as the cover term for _anything_ that is identified by a
> >> URI.  It explicitly places _no_ constraint on what a URI can identify.
> >> In other words, anything can be a resource: real, imaginary,
> >> abstract, concrete, individual, set (finite or infinite), ...
> >>
> >> The current draft does not define the term 'resource'.  It often uses
> >> it in ways which are consistent with 3986's definition, for example
> >> in phrases such as "resource identifier" (lower case in original),
> >> "identified resource", "The kinds of resources identified by URNs"
> >> and "persistent identification of resources".  This longer exposition
> >> is also pretty much compatible with 3986:
> >>
> >>   URNs (either individually or entire URN namespaces as defined below)
> >>   that do not resolve to URLs at all or that resolve to metadata or
> >>   non-Internet objects are among URN use cases explicitly permitted by
> >>   this specification; each leaves the concept of "resolution" somewhat
> >>   more abstract and difficult than the simple case of resolution to a
> >>   URL. [1.1, 2nd para]
> >>
> >> But the current draft also uses 'resource' in many ways which are
> >> clearly incompatible with 3986.  3986 is very careful to distinguish
> >> between the resource _identified_ by a URI on the one hand, and
> >> _representations_ of that resource and _metadata_ about it on the
> >> other.  The latter are much more concrete, and the kind of thing you
> >> can get your hands on/interact with (see section 1.2.2 of 3986 [1]).
> >> Some examples of where the current draft is incompatible with this
> >> position:
> >>
> >>   "A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
> >>   that does not identify a resource" [Abstract, Introduction]
> >>   Per 3986, _all_ URIs identify something, which it calls a resource.
> >
> > Good catch.
>=20
> In both cases, I suggest that we remove the phrase "or in some cases an
> abstract designator that is persistent but that does not identify a resou=
rce".
>=20
> >>   "media type of those resources" [2.3.3, next-to-last para]
> >>   Per 3986, resources do not in general have media types,
> >>   _representations_, e.g. as returned in messages, have media types.
> >>
> >> I don't think this will be hard to fix -- there's already a
> >> distinction between what is identified and the outcome of a
> >> resolution attempt, as well as between resolution and retrieval, and
> >> the wording around these just needs to be tightened up a bit, with
> >> the word 'resource' used a bit less.  Whether the idea behind 3986's
> >> word 'representation' needs to be imported, along with the word, will
> >> I think be an editorial decision to be made in the course of the
> >> tightening-up effort.
> >
> > Yes, that all seems right.
>=20
> Here is proposed text...
>=20
> OLD
>     The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the constituent
>     parts of resources named by URNs.  Thus, for URNs that resolve to
>     URLs of the named resources, the semantics of an f-component are
>     defined by the media type of those resources, not by the URN
>     namespace.
>=20
> NEW
>     The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the constituent
>     parts of resources named by URNs.  Thus, for URNs that resolve to
>     locator URIs of the named resources, the semantics of an f-component
>     are defined by the media type of the representations into which those
>     locator URIs are dereferenced, not by the URN namespace.
>=20
> (See below for the paragraph where I introduce the unfamiliar term "locat=
or
> URI".)
>=20
> >> Part 2 -- 'abstract designator'
> >
> > As a bit of background, I would say that we introduced the term
> > 'abstract designator' to describe names that purely identify
> > resources; that is, the intent is that such a name will never be
> > resolved (i.e., there is no access mechanism associated with the name)
> > and, more specifically, that at no time will it be possible to
> > retrieve a representation of the identified resource.
> >
> >> Here are some examples of the use of this term which taken together
> >> leave me confused as to what is meant:
> >>
> >>   A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
> >>   that does not identify a resource [Abstract, Introduction]
> >
> > As you pointed out, this is wrong: every URI identifies a resource.
>=20
> Fixed (see above).
>=20
> >>   If there are or will be resolution services available for a URN,
> >>   this document calls the URN a "resource identifier" in roughly the
> >>   sense that term is used in [RFC3986].  If there is no intention to
> >>   provide any resolution services, and the distinction is important,
> >>   this document calls the URN an "abstract designator". [1.2, near the
> >>   end]
> >
> > This suffers from the same problem you have pointed out regarding
> > resource identification.
>=20
> My suggestion is to remove that paragraph in its entirety.
>=20
> >>   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (i.e., is an abstract
> >>   designator) or if it resolves directly to an object or a non-URL
> >>   resource designator [2.3.2, 3rd para] [note that this is the only
> >>   use of the phrase 'resource designator' in the draft]
> >>
> >>   If the URN does not resolve to a URL (e.g., is an abstract
> >>   designator) [2.3.3, 2nd para]
> >>
> >>   because a URN might not specify the location of a resource or even
> >>   point indirectly to one [4.1, 2nd para]
> >>
> >>   (e.g., URNs within some URN namespaces are intended to act as
> >>   abstract designators and thus are not intended to be resolved)
> >>   [6.4.6 1st para]
> >>
> >>   Clarified that there can be URNs that neither resolve to URLs nor
> >>   are abstract designators. [F.8., 6th bullet.  I _think_ this refers
> >>   to the quote above from section 2.3.2]
>=20
> In line with your previous message on URL vs. locator, I suggest that we
> modify the terminology in those snippets. You can get a feeling for how I
> propose to change things by reading the following paragraph:
>=20
> OLD
>     The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query component,
>     but is introduced by "?=3D", not "?" alone.  For URNs that may be
>     resolved to a URL, the semantics of the q-component are identical to
>     those for the query component of that URL.  Thus URN resolvers
>     returning a URL for a URN with a q-component do this by copying the
>     q-component from the URN to the query component of the URL.  If the
>     URN does not resolve to a URL, the interpretation of the q-component
>     is undefined by this specification.  An example of the copying
>     operation appears below.
>=20
> NEW
>     The URN q-component has the same syntax as the query component in
> URI
>     schemes for locators, but is introduced by "?=3D", not "?" alone.  Fo=
r
>     URNs that may be resolved to a locator URI, the semantics of the
>     q-component are identical to those for the query component of that
>     URI.  Thus URN resolvers returning a locator URI for a URN with a
>     q-component do this by copying the q-component from the URN to the
>     query component of the locator URI.  If the URN does not resolve to a
>     locator URI, the interpretation of the q-component is undefined by
>     this specification.  An example of the copying operation appears
>     below.
>=20
> >> It is often argued that 3986 implies that there are two in-principle
> >> possibilities for any URI (including URNs) as far as resolution is
> >> concerned (where the possibility that resolution may involve more
> >> than one step is assumed):
> >>
> >>   1) Resolution services are or could be provided, but the results of
> >>      resolution necessarily consist only of metadata about the
> >>      identified resource, that is, no _representation_ of that
> >>      resource is or could be available;
> >
> > I'd like to understand more about what 'metadata' means here.
> >
> > RFC 3986 says the following in Section 1.2.2:
> >
> >    A "representation" is a
> >    sequence of octets, along with representation metadata describing
> >    those octets, that constitutes a record of the state of the resource
> >    at the time when the representation is generated.
> >
> > Here, 'metadata' mean metadata about the representation. If there is
> > no representation, there can be no representation metadata.
> >
> > However, later in the same paragraph we find this:
> >
> >    Depending on the protocols used to perform the retrieval,
> >    additional information might be supplied about the resource (resourc=
e
> >    metadata) and its relation to other resources.
> >
> > This might indicate that RFC 3986 envisions a distinction between
> > representation metadata (metadata describing the octets, as in MIME,
> > see Section 5.1.2) and resource metadata (metadata describing the
> > resource itself - perhaps an example would be Dublin Core information
> > about authors, publishers, licenses, and the like). However, even the
> > notion of resource metadata here seems to be tied to retrieval.
> >
> >>   2) Resolution services are or could be provided, and the results of
> >>      resolution may in practice and could in principle include one or
> >>      more representations.
> >>
> >> However I think the above quotes from the current draft taken
> >> together provide evidence that it considers there to be a _threefold_
> >> distinction, adding
> >>
> >>   3) No resolution services of any kind are provided or envisaged;
> >
> > Yes.
>=20
> Although I am not 100% sure that we still need category (3), I _think_ it
> remains useful.
>=20
> To (I hope) clarify these issues, I propose the following text change in =
Section
> 1.1:
>=20
> OLD
>     Among these general issues, one that is specific to URNs is the
>     fairly abstract topic of "resolution", discussed in Section 1.2,
>     Section 2.3.1, and elsewhere below.  It is possible to define the
>     relationships quite precisely for a URN that resolves to a URL, where
>     that URL in turn resolves to (or locates) a single target document or
>     similar resource; however, that is only one special case (albeit an
>     important one).  URNs (either individually or entire URN namespaces
>     as defined below) that do not resolve to URLs at all or that resolve
>     to metadata or non-Internet objects are among URN use cases
>     explicitly permitted by this specification; each leaves the concept
>     of "resolution" somewhat more abstract and difficult than the simple
>     case of resolution to a URL.
>=20
> NEW
>     Among these general issues, one that is specific to URNs is the
>     fairly difficult topic of "resolution", discussed in Section 1.2,
>     Section 2.3.1, Section 6.4.6, and elsewhere below.  By contrast,
>     resolution is relatively straightforward for traditional Uniform
>     Resource Locators (URLs), or at least for most URI schemes for
>     locators, because resolution is used to determine an access mechanism
>     which in turn is used to dereference the locator by (typically)
>     retrieving a representation of the associated resource (see
>     Section 1.2.2 of [RFC3986]).  Consequently, it is possible to define
>     the relevant relationships quite precisely for URNs that resolve to
>     locators (such as URLs) which in turn are dereferenced to a
>     representation (such as a target document); however, that is only one
>     particular case, albeit an important one.  This specification permits
>     several other kinds of URNs, either individually or (as defined
>     below) collectively for entire URN namespaces.  In particular, some
>     URNs might resolve to locators which in turn are dereferenced only to
>     metadata about the resource, not to a representation of that
>     resource; an example might be a URN namespace for cataloging of
>     information resources.  Furthermore, some URNs might not be intended
>     to resolve to locators at all; examples might include URNs
>     identifying XML namespace names (e.g., the 'dgiwg' URN namespace
>     specified by [RFC6288]), URNs identifying application features that
>     can be supported within a communications protocol (e.g., the 'alert'
>     URN namespace specified by [RFC7462]), and URNs identifying
>     enumerated types such as values in a registry (e.g., a URN namespace
>     could be used to individually identify the values in all IANA
>     registries, as provisionally proposed in [I-D.saintandre-iana-urn]).
>     These types of URNs leave the concept of "resolution" somewhat more
>     difficult than the straightforward case of resolution to a locator
>     that is dereferenced to a representation.  (On the distinction
>     between names and locators, see Section 1.1.3 of [RFC3986]; on the
>     distinction between representations and metadata, see Section 1.2.2
>     of [RFC3986].)
>=20
> As you can see, that text adds some examples and makes more careful
> distinctions, which I think are helpful (even absent the potentially conf=
using
> term "abstract designator").
>=20
> Comments are welcome.
>=20
> Peter
>=20
> P.S. Please note that I have not yet talked with my co-author about these
> proposed changes, so all errors are mine.
>=20
> P.P.S. If you like source control, you can see the work-in-progress chang=
es
> here:
> https://github.com/stpeter/urnbis/commits/master/draft-ietf-urnbis-
> rfc2141bis-urn.xml
> (naturally, these are only provisional, and I'd prefer to keep discussion=
 on this
> list instead of at GitHub).
>=20
>=20
> _______________________________________________
> urn mailing list
> urn@ietf.org
> https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/urn


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To: "Hakala\, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>
References: <3bee74ce-c5ce-3f28-5cc9-437f34b778e9@stpeter.im> <f5br36autq4.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <a4eda310-1834-eac1-3d37-382686db8320@stpeter.im> <ce8a20be-afba-62dc-fd3c-8679976f2d9e@stpeter.im> <HE1PR0701MB2603C55936464611E56E74E7FA9D0@HE1PR0701MB2603.eurprd07.prod.outlook.com>
From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Thu, 15 Dec 2016 08:55:51 +0000
In-Reply-To: <HE1PR0701MB2603C55936464611E56E74E7FA9D0@HE1PR0701MB2603.eurprd07.prod.outlook.com> (Juha E. Hakala's message of "Thu\, 15 Dec 2016 05\:40\:14 +0000")
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Hakala, Juha E writes:

> I approve the changes you have made, including the removal of abstract
> designator. I was never a great fan of that concept.

And I'm happy with all those changes as well.

> One point we need to make very clear is that the terms "resource" and
> "identify" are used throughout RFC2141bis as specified in URI syntax,
> unless otherwise said. And that the RFC 3986 definitions of those
> terms may differ a lot from those traditionally used in some domains
> which are involved with resource identification. Any librarian will
> have a problem with "every URI identifies a resource" unless he knows
> how RFC 3986 defines these concepts (and how people understand what
> RFC 3986 stipulations).
>
> Henry has already clarified the meaning of resource in RFC 3986. As
> regards identification, URI syntax says that
>
>       Our use of the terms "identify" and "identifying" refer to this
>       purpose of distinguishing one resource from all other resources,
>       regardless of how that purpose is accomplished (e.g., by name,
>       address, or context).  These terms should not be mistaken as an
>       assumption that an identifier defines or embodies the identity
>       of what is referenced, though that may be the case for some
>       identifiers.

Quoting, paraphrasing and/or referencing this would be a sensible thing
to do, I agree.

ht
-- 
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
                       URL: http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/
 [mail from me _always_ has a .sig like this -- mail without it is forged spam]


From nobody Sun Dec 18 10:33:36 2016
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To: "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>, "Hakala, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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On 12/15/16 1:55 AM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> Hakala, Juha E writes:
>
>> I approve the changes you have made, including the removal of abstract
>> designator. I was never a great fan of that concept.
>
> And I'm happy with all those changes as well.

Great! Thanks to you both for reviewing the proposed text.

>> One point we need to make very clear is that the terms "resource" and
>> "identify" are used throughout RFC2141bis as specified in URI syntax,
>> unless otherwise said. And that the RFC 3986 definitions of those
>> terms may differ a lot from those traditionally used in some domains
>> which are involved with resource identification. Any librarian will
>> have a problem with "every URI identifies a resource" unless he knows
>> how RFC 3986 defines these concepts (and how people understand what
>> RFC 3986 stipulations).
>>
>> Henry has already clarified the meaning of resource in RFC 3986. As
>> regards identification, URI syntax says that
>>
>>       Our use of the terms "identify" and "identifying" refer to this
>>       purpose of distinguishing one resource from all other resources,
>>       regardless of how that purpose is accomplished (e.g., by name,
>>       address, or context).  These terms should not be mistaken as an
>>       assumption that an identifier defines or embodies the identity
>>       of what is referenced, though that may be the case for some
>>       identifiers.
>
> Quoting, paraphrasing and/or referencing this would be a sensible thing
> to do, I agree.

Pointing to it seems like the right thing to do. I suggest that we add 
the following sentence to Section 1.2:

    This document uses the terms "resource", "identifier", "identify",
    "dereference", "representation", and "metadata" as defined in the URI
    specification [RFC3986].

Peter






From nobody Sun Dec 18 10:41:14 2016
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Date: Sun, 18 Dec 2016 13:40:51 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>, "Hakala, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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--On Sunday, December 18, 2016 11:33 -0700 Peter Saint-Andre
<stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:

>> Quoting, paraphrasing and/or referencing this would be a
>> sensible thing to do, I agree.
> 
> Pointing to it seems like the right thing to do. I suggest
> that we add the following sentence to Section 1.2:
> 
>     This document uses the terms "resource", "identifier",
> "identify",
>     "dereference", "representation", and "metadata" as defined
> in the URI
>     specification [RFC3986].

I think the principle is correct.  However, unless there is a
great deal more consensus about what 3986 says and what the
words mean than I'm seeing, please be very careful about this.
More follows as soon as I get my desktop machine rebuilt
(getting close).

    john




From nobody Sun Dec 18 10:42:33 2016
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To: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>, "Hakala, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>
References: <3bee74ce-c5ce-3f28-5cc9-437f34b778e9@stpeter.im> <f5br36autq4.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <a4eda310-1834-eac1-3d37-382686db8320@stpeter.im> <ce8a20be-afba-62dc-fd3c-8679976f2d9e@stpeter.im> <HE1PR0701MB2603C55936464611E56E74E7FA9D0@HE1PR0701MB2603.eurprd07.prod.outlook.com> <f5bzijxk1uw.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <fd37ab75-5aa9-ac42-7932-515bac9c4787@stpeter.im> <AD93111739A7C4B90D8F5E2A@PSB>
From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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On 12/18/16 11:40 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Sunday, December 18, 2016 11:33 -0700 Peter Saint-Andre
> <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>
>>> Quoting, paraphrasing and/or referencing this would be a
>>> sensible thing to do, I agree.
>>
>> Pointing to it seems like the right thing to do. I suggest
>> that we add the following sentence to Section 1.2:
>>
>>     This document uses the terms "resource", "identifier",
>> "identify",
>>     "dereference", "representation", and "metadata" as defined
>> in the URI
>>     specification [RFC3986].
>
> I think the principle is correct.  However, unless there is a
> great deal more consensus about what 3986 says and what the
> words mean than I'm seeing, please be very careful about this.

Yes, we have been careful about that with other terms:

    This document uses the terms "resolution" and "resolver" in roughly
    the sense in which they were used in the original discussion of
    architectural principles for URNs [RFC2276]

We could provide similar text here.

Peter



From nobody Wed Dec 21 03:27:10 2016
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Peter, WG,

On Thursday, December 15, 2016 5:05 AM, urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] O=
n Behalf Of Peter Saint-Andre wrote:

> >>   "A URN [may] be ... an abstract designator that is persistent but
> >>   that does not identify a resource" [Abstract, Introduction]
> >>   Per 3986, _all_ URIs identify something, which it calls a resource.
> >
> > Good catch.
>=20
> In both cases, I suggest that we remove the phrase "or in some cases an
> abstract designator that is persistent but that does not identify a
> resource".

This change is fine with me.

[...]
> Here is proposed text...
>=20
> OLD
>     The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the constituent
>     parts of resources named by URNs.  Thus, for URNs that resolve to
>     URLs of the named resources, the semantics of an f-component are
>     defined by the media type of those resources, not by the URN
>     namespace.
>=20
> NEW
>     The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the constituent
>     parts of resources named by URNs.  Thus, for URNs that resolve to
>     locator URIs of the named resources, the semantics of an f-component
>     are defined by the media type of the representations into which those
>     locator URIs are dereferenced, not by the URN namespace.
>=20

This is fine with me, too.

> >> Part 2 -- 'abstract designator'

[...]
=20
> OLD
>     The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query component,
>     but is introduced by "?=3D", not "?" alone.  For URNs that may be
>     resolved to a URL, the semantics of the q-component are identical to
>     those for the query component of that URL.  Thus URN resolvers
>     returning a URL for a URN with a q-component do this by copying the
>     q-component from the URN to the query component of the URL.  If the
>     URN does not resolve to a URL, the interpretation of the q-component
>     is undefined by this specification.  An example of the copying
>     operation appears below.
>=20
> NEW
>     The URN q-component has the same syntax as the query component in URI
>     schemes for locators, but is introduced by "?=3D", not "?" alone.  Fo=
r
>     URNs that may be resolved to a locator URI, the semantics of the
>     q-component are identical to those for the query component of that
>     URI.  Thus URN resolvers returning a locator URI for a URN with a
>     q-component do this by copying the q-component from the URN to the
>     query component of the locator URI.  If the URN does not resolve to a
>     locator URI, the interpretation of the q-component is undefined by
>     this specification.  An example of the copying operation appears
>     below.
>

Here I don't quite agree with "The URN q-component has the same syntax as t=
he query component in URI schemes for locators". That text implies that URI=
 schemes that are not for locators have a different query component syntax.=
 My suggestion would be to accept Peter's new version but keep the first se=
ntence unchanged:

[[
The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query component, but is =
introduced by "?=3D", not "?" alone.  For     URNs that may be resolved to =
a locator URI, the semantics of the q-component are identical to those for =
the query component of that URI.  Thus URN resolvers returning a locator UR=
I for a URN with a q-component do this by copying the q-component from the =
URN to the query component of the locator URI.  If the URN does not resolve=
 to a locator URI, the interpretation of the q-component is undefined by th=
is specification.  An example of the copying operation appears below.
]]
[...]
> OLD
>     Among these general issues, one that is specific to URNs is the
>     fairly abstract topic of "resolution", discussed in Section 1.2,
>     Section 2.3.1, and elsewhere below.  It is possible to define the
>     relationships quite precisely for a URN that resolves to a URL, where
>     that URL in turn resolves to (or locates) a single target document or
>     similar resource; however, that is only one special case (albeit an
>     important one).  URNs (either individually or entire URN namespaces
>     as defined below) that do not resolve to URLs at all or that resolve
>     to metadata or non-Internet objects are among URN use cases
>     explicitly permitted by this specification; each leaves the concept
>     of "resolution" somewhat more abstract and difficult than the simple
>     case of resolution to a URL.
>=20
> NEW
>     Among these general issues, one that is specific to URNs is the
>     fairly difficult topic of "resolution", discussed in Section 1.2,
>     Section 2.3.1, Section 6.4.6, and elsewhere below.  By contrast,
>     resolution is relatively straightforward for traditional Uniform
>     Resource Locators (URLs), or at least for most URI schemes for
>     locators, because resolution is used to determine an access mechanism
>     which in turn is used to dereference the locator by (typically)
>     retrieving a representation of the associated resource (see
>     Section 1.2.2 of [RFC3986]).  Consequently, it is possible to define
>     the relevant relationships quite precisely for URNs that resolve to
>     locators (such as URLs) which in turn are dereferenced to a
>     representation (such as a target document); however, that is only one
>     particular case, albeit an important one.  This specification permits
>     several other kinds of URNs, either individually or (as defined
>     below) collectively for entire URN namespaces.  In particular, some
>     URNs might resolve to locators which in turn are dereferenced only to
>     metadata about the resource, not to a representation of that
>     resource; an example might be a URN namespace for cataloging of
>     information resources.  Furthermore, some URNs might not be intended
>     to resolve to locators at all; examples might include URNs
>     identifying XML namespace names (e.g., the 'dgiwg' URN namespace
>     specified by [RFC6288]), URNs identifying application features that
>     can be supported within a communications protocol (e.g., the 'alert'
>     URN namespace specified by [RFC7462]), and URNs identifying
>     enumerated types such as values in a registry (e.g., a URN namespace
>     could be used to individually identify the values in all IANA
>     registries, as provisionally proposed in [I-D.saintandre-iana-urn]).
>     These types of URNs leave the concept of "resolution" somewhat more
>     difficult than the straightforward case of resolution to a locator
>     that is dereferenced to a representation.  (On the distinction
>     between names and locators, see Section 1.1.3 of [RFC3986]; on the
>     distinction between representations and metadata, see Section 1.2.2
>     of [RFC3986].)
>=20
> As you can see, that text adds some examples and makes more careful
> distinctions, which I think are helpful (even absent the potentially
> confusing term "abstract designator").

Yes, thank you! This is much clearer than before.

Best,

Lars=20


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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Different conceptual model compared to earlier specifications
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Informal URN Namespaces
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From: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
To: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: Approval of version-18 of 2141bis
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Date: Wed, 21 Dec 2016 12:32:41 +0000
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From nobody Thu Dec 22 10:56:29 2016
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To: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
References: <3bee74ce-c5ce-3f28-5cc9-437f34b778e9@stpeter.im> <f5br36autq4.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <a4eda310-1834-eac1-3d37-382686db8320@stpeter.im> <ce8a20be-afba-62dc-fd3c-8679976f2d9e@stpeter.im> <24637769D123E644A105A0AF0E1F92EF010D2AA515@dnbf-ex1.AD.DDB.DE>
From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Cc: "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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Hi Lars, thank you very much for your feedback.

On 12/21/16 4:26 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> Peter, WG,
>
> On Thursday, December 15, 2016 5:05 AM, urn
> [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Peter Saint-Andre wrote:

<snip/>

>>>> Part 2 -- 'abstract designator'
>
> [...]
>
>> OLD The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query
>> component, but is introduced by "?=", not "?" alone.  For URNs that
>> may be resolved to a URL, the semantics of the q-component are
>> identical to those for the query component of that URL.  Thus URN
>> resolvers returning a URL for a URN with a q-component do this by
>> copying the q-component from the URN to the query component of the
>> URL.  If the URN does not resolve to a URL, the interpretation of
>> the q-component is undefined by this specification.  An example of
>> the copying operation appears below.
>>
>> NEW The URN q-component has the same syntax as the query component
>> in URI schemes for locators, but is introduced by "?=", not "?"
>> alone.  For URNs that may be resolved to a locator URI, the
>> semantics of the q-component are identical to those for the query
>> component of that URI.  Thus URN resolvers returning a locator URI
>> for a URN with a q-component do this by copying the q-component
>> from the URN to the query component of the locator URI.  If the URN
>> does not resolve to a locator URI, the interpretation of the
>> q-component is undefined by this specification.  An example of the
>> copying operation appears below.
>>
>
> Here I don't quite agree with "The URN q-component has the same
> syntax as the query component in URI schemes for locators". That text
> implies that URI schemes that are not for locators have a different
> query component syntax. My suggestion would be to accept Peter's new
> version but keep the first sentence unchanged:
>
> [[ The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query
> component, but is introduced by "?=", not "?" alone.  For     URNs
> that may be resolved to a locator URI, the semantics of the
> q-component are identical to those for the query component of that
> URI.  Thus URN resolvers returning a locator URI for a URN with a
> q-component do this by copying the q-component from the URN to the
> query component of the locator URI.  If the URN does not resolve to a
> locator URI, the interpretation of the q-component is undefined by
> this specification.  An example of the copying operation appears
> below. ]] [...]

You are right - thanks for pointing out this problem.

Peter


From nobody Thu Dec 22 11:01:37 2016
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Subject: Re: [urn] Approval of version-18 of 2141bis
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On 12/21/16 5:32 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> Dear WG,
>
> This is just a short note that I have reviewed version 18 of RFC 2141
> bis. I think this version is ready for last call (modulo the changes
> being proposed by other people than me). I want to express my
> gratitude to the editors for their hard work and to everyone else who
> has contributed to this important specification.

And thanks to you and everyone else who have provided feedback!

> I have sent some suggestions for changes if there still is time to
> consider them. If not, I support version-18 as is (modulo other
> changes).

We definitely have a bit of time to address the issues that you, Henry, 
and Juha have raised on the list. John and I are working to incorporate 
some changes as quickly as we can and plan to publish version -19 in the 
very near future.

Peter



From nobody Thu Dec 22 11:03:03 2016
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Informal URN Namespaces
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On 12/21/16 5:16 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> All,
>
> A minor change proposal to the section on Informal URN Namespaces.
> The first paragraph of Â§5.2 ends: "Thus the syntax of an informal URN
> namespace is:". I think this should read "Thus the syntax of an
> informal URN namespace identifier is:".

Agreed!

Peter



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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] f-component
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On 12/21/16 5:01 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> All,
>
> in version-18, the penultimate paragraph of Â§2.3.3 says the following
> about the semantics of the f-component:
>
> [[ The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the
> constituent parts of resources named by URNs. Thus, for URNs that
> resolve to URLs of the named resources, the semantics of an
> f-component are defined by the media type of those resources, not by
> the URN namespace. ]]
>
> This leaves out what the semantics of the f-component is if the URN
> resolver doesn't resolve to a URL but returns the resource (e. g. a
> document) directly, without redirecting the agent to another
> location. I propose the following minor edit:
>
> [[ The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the
> constituent parts of resources named by URNs. Thus, for URNs that
> resolve to URLs of the named resources or where the URN resolver
> returns the resource directly, the semantics of an f-component are
> defined by the media type of those resources, not by the URN
> namespace. ]]

I would like to think about this some more. In particular, I am not sure 
it's right to say that a URN resolver might "return a resource", because 
I believe that it would return (via dereferencing) either a 
representation of the resource or metadata about the resource, and I 
further believe the f-component applies only to representations and not 
to metadata (but I might be wrong about that).

Thus perhaps this is more correct:

    The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the constituent
    parts of a resource named by a URN.  For a URN that resolves to one
    or more locators which can be dereferenced to a representation, or
    where the URN resolver directly returns a representation of the
    resource, the semantics of an f-component are defined by the media
    type of the representation, not by the URN namespace.

Peter


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Subject: Re: [urn] NID syntax
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On 12/21/16 5:14 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> All,
>
> The syntax for formal URN namespaces declares:
>
> [[
> [...]
> 4. It MUST NOT start with ALPHA ALPHA "-", i. e. any string consisting of two letters followed by one hyphen".
> 5. It MUST NOT start with the string "xn--" or any other string consisting of two letters followed by two hyphens. [...]
> ]]
>
> To me this feels redundant. If it must not start with ALPHA ALPHA "-", "any other string consisting of two letters followed by two hyphens" is forbidden already. I think we could conflate those two to:
>
> [[
> 4. It MUST NOT start with any string consisting of two letters followed by one or two hyphens. Such strings are reserved for potential representation of DNS A-labels and similar strings in the future [RFC5890].
> ]]
>
> Or are ALPHA ALPHA "-"-Strings reserved for something else? If so, then we should explain why those are forbidden, too.

I think this is clearer (combining the relevant rules and the text that 
is currently shown after the bulleted list:

    3.  It MUST be more than two characters long and it MUST NOT start
        with ALPHA ALPHA "-", i.e., any string consisting of two letters
        followed by one hyphen; such strings are reserved for potential
        use as NIDs based on ISO alpha-2 country codes [ISO.3166-1] for
        eventual national registrations of URN namespaces (however, the
        definition and scoping of rules for allocation of responsibility
        for such country-code-based URN namespaces are beyond the scope
        of this document).

Peter


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Subject: Re: [urn] URI browser?
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On 12/21/16 5:07 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> All,
>
> The ultimate paragraph of Â§4.4 introduces the term "URI browser". Is that the same as "any application displaying URIs"?

I like that better.

Peter



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Subject: Re: [urn] r-component (Syntax of example URN)
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On 12/21/16 5:04 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> All,
>
> In Â§2.3.1 of version-18, there is an example URN:
>
> urn:example:foo-bar-baz-qux?+CCResolve: cc=uk
>
> Is it intentional that there is a blank between "CCResolve:" and "cc=uk"?

I think that is an error; thanks for catching it.

Peter



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Subject: Re: [urn] Different conceptual model compared to earlier specifications
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On 12/21/16 4:40 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> All,
>
> in draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-18 the final paragraph of section 1 reads:
>
> [[
> Summaries of changes from RFC 2141 and RFC 3406 appear in Appendix B and Appendix C respectively. This document obsoletes both [RFC2141] and [RFC3406]. While it does not explicitly update or replace [RFC1737] or [RFC2271], the reader who references those documents should be aware that the conceptual model of URNs in this document is slightly different from those older specifications.
> ]]
>
> This last reference to a "conceptual model [that is] slightly different" leaves the reader hanging in mid-air as to the nature of those changes. I think it would be helpful to supply at least one example of such a difference.

I think I'll leave that for John. :-)

Peter



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To: "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>, "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2016 13:42:48 -0700
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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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On 12/21/16 4:56 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
> All,
>
> This might be dealt with already, so please bear with me if I repeat
> an old discussion...
>
> In Â§2.3.2 the following is said about the q-component (modulo Peter's
> proposed changes):
>
> [[ The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query
> component, but is introduced by "?=", not "?" alone. For URNs that
> may be resolved to a URL, the semantics of the q-component are
> identical to those for the query component of that URL. Thus URN
> resolvers returning a URL for a URN with a q-component do this by
> copying the q-component from the URN to the query component of the
> URL. It the URN does not resolve to a URL, the interpretation of the
> q-component is undefined by this specification. An example of the
> copying operation appears below. ]]
>
> This leaves the question open, what will happen if a URN with a
> q-component resolves to a URL that already has a query component.

Hmm. You are correct that we have not considered this case.

> My
> take is that that case is outside the scope of 2141bis, but I think
> we should be explicit about that and suggest that we add some text
> along the following lines:
>
> [[ It is possible that a URN with a q-component resolve to a URL that
> already has a query component. In that case, the final URL will end
> up having a query component consisting of the URL's original query
> component and the q-component from the URN. If the new query
> component makes sense is outside the scope of this specification. ]]

One messy aspect of this approach is the potential for overlap of fields 
in the query component.

To use an artificial example, what if the URL query component includes a 
credit card field named "cc" and then the URN resolver attempts to 
append "CCResolve:cc=uk"? Now we have two fields named "cc" in the URL 
query component. Untangling this mess could be a matter for the URL 
resolver, or we could stipulate that the URN resolver needs to return an 
error. Alternatively, we could state some other rule (e.g., remove the 
URL query component) or leave this all up to the implementation.

I'll think about this further.

Peter


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To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2016 21:51:49 +0000
In-Reply-To: <7387d698-2bc4-6a1b-dd1d-cb12ad7d0c8f@stpeter.im> (Peter Saint-Andre's message of "Thu\, 22 Dec 2016 12\:17\:43 -0700")
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Subject: Re: [urn] f-component
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Peter Saint-Andre writes:

> Thus perhaps this is more correct:
>
>    The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the constituent
>    parts of a resource named by a URN.  For a URN that resolves to one
>    or more locators which can be dereferenced to a representation, or
>    where the URN resolver directly returns a representation of the
>    resource, the semantics of an f-component are defined by the media
>    type of the representation, not by the URN namespace.

I haven't compared that to the existing, but it looks true to me.

ht
-- 
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
                       URL: http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/
 [mail from me _always_ has a .sig like this -- mail without it is forged spam]


From nobody Thu Dec 22 14:33:04 2016
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To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Thu, 22 Dec 2016 22:32:57 +0000
In-Reply-To: <c11a8cad-6bac-28b9-901f-fd58f550b838@stpeter.im> (Peter Saint-Andre's message of "Thu\, 22 Dec 2016 13\:42\:48 -0700")
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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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It occurs to me that this might be related to a previously unsolved
problem: consider the case where an HTTP redirect specifies a fragment,
but the URI that launched the request had a fragment as well.  Answer:
confusion/competing standards/recommendations/practices, AFAI can tell.
See e.g.

  http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2286402/url-fragment-and-302-redirects

Or, consider that various serverside tools provide for a range of
possible actions wrt the original query string and the query string in the
redirect target, with various default behaviours if one or the other or
both are/are not present [1], [2].

Net result: we don't want to get into specifying that, IMO: different
resolvers will behave differently, just as different webserver
configurations today behave differently with fragments and query
strings.

ht

[1] http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_rewrite.html#rewriteflags
[2] https://www.viget.com/articles/merging-query-strings-when-redirecting-in-rails
-- 
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
                       URL: http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/
 [mail from me _always_ has a .sig like this -- mail without it is forged spam]


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From: "Hakala, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>, "urn@ietf.org" <urn@ietf.org>
Thread-Topic: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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On 2016-12-22 23:32, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> It occurs to me that this might be related to a previously unsolved
> problem: consider the case where an HTTP redirect specifies a fragment,
> but the URI that launched the request had a fragment as well.  Answer:
> confusion/competing standards/recommendations/practices, AFAI can tell.
> See e.g.
>
>   http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2286402/url-fragment-and-302-redirects
> ...

There's one standard, and I believe what it says is actually implemented 
by most UAs...

Best regards, Julian


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Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 14:52:57 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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--On Friday, December 23, 2016 9:31 AM +0100 Julian Reschke
<julian.reschke@gmx.de> wrote:

> On 2016-12-22 23:32, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
>> It occurs to me that this might be related to a previously
>> unsolved problem: consider the case where an HTTP redirect
>> specifies a fragment, but the URI that launched the request
>> had a fragment as well.  Answer: confusion/competing
>> standards/recommendations/practices, AFAI can tell. See e.g.
>> 
>>   http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2286402/url-fragment-and
>>   -302-redirects ...
> 
> There's one standard, and I believe what it says is actually
> implemented by most UAs...

Julian, assuming the "one standard" part correct, do you believe
that 2141bis needs a reference to it and, if so, what reference?
Or, if you believe that this is not an issue, despite Henry's
and Juha's concerns, could you explain a bit more about why?

thanks and regards,
    john



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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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On 2016-12-27 20:52, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Friday, December 23, 2016 9:31 AM +0100 Julian Reschke
> <julian.reschke@gmx.de> wrote:
>
>> On 2016-12-22 23:32, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
>>> It occurs to me that this might be related to a previously
>>> unsolved problem: consider the case where an HTTP redirect
>>> specifies a fragment, but the URI that launched the request
>>> had a fragment as well.  Answer: confusion/competing
>>> standards/recommendations/practices, AFAI can tell. See e.g.
>>>
>>>   http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2286402/url-fragment-and
>>>   -302-redirects ...
>>
>> There's one standard, and I believe what it says is actually
>> implemented by most UAs...
>
> Julian, assuming the "one standard" part correct, do you believe
> that 2141bis needs a reference to it and, if so, what reference?

No, I don't think that the URN spec needs to talk about this, as it is 
about HTTP redirects.

> ...

Best regards, Julian


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To: Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de>
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From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 22:54:58 +0000
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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de> writes:

> On 2016-12-27 20:52, John C Klensin wrote:
>>
>> Julian, assuming the "one standard" part correct, do you believe
>> that 2141bis needs a reference to it and, if so, what reference?
>
> No, I don't think that the URN spec needs to talk about this, as it is
> about HTTP redirects.

There may or may not be a spec about the handling of query strings in
various HTTP redirect cases.  2141bis doesn't _need_ to talk about that,
but my point was that the case of q-components handling during URN
resolution that Juha raised was in some ways parallel to the HTTP case,
and the uncertain nature (IMO) of the situation wrt the HTTP case should
be raise a 'caution' flag for 2141bis.

My net: explicitly duck the issue: "This specification does not specify
a required behaviour in the case of URN resolution to a locator when the
original URN has a q-component and the locator has a query string.
Different circumstance may require different approaches.  Resolvers
SHOULD document their strategy in such cases."

ht 
-- 
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
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Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 18:14:07 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
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--On Thursday, December 22, 2016 11:56 AM -0700 Peter
Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:

> Hi Lars, thank you very much for your feedback.
 
> On 12/21/16 4:26 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>...
>> Here I don't quite agree with "The URN q-component has the
>> same syntax as the query component in URI schemes for
>> locators". That text implies that URI schemes that are not
>> for locators have a different query component syntax. My
>> suggestion would be to accept Peter's new version but keep
>> the first sentence unchanged:
>> 
>> [[ The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query
>> component, but is introduced by "?=", not "?" alone.  For
>> URNs that may be resolved to a locator URI, the semantics of
>> the q-component are identical to those for the query
>> component of that URI.  Thus URN resolvers returning a
>> locator URI for a URN with a q-component do this by copying
>> the q-component from the URN to the query component of the
>> locator URI.  If the URN does not resolve to a locator URI,
>> the interpretation of the q-component is undefined by this
>> specification.  An example of the copying operation appears
>> below. ]] [...]

> You are right - thanks for pointing out this problem.

As another small nit, I'm not sure where a "locator URI" is
defined.  The term certainly is not defined in 2141bis, nor does
it appear in 3986.  I'm ok with "locator" by itself (which does
have origins in 3986 and that is defined in Section 1.1 of
2141bis), or "URI for a locator".   I still don't fully
understand why we have dropped "URL" in favor of "locator URI"s
and similar unnatural constructions, but, if we are going to do
so, "locator URI" is in need of a clear definition in Section
1.1.  When I go back and reread Section 1.1.3 of RFC 3986, I
think that any plausible definition takes us back to "URL"
unless the intent is to get at the "both" case, but maybe I'm
missing something. 

best,
   john


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From: Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de>
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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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On 2016-12-27 23:54, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de> writes:
>
>> On 2016-12-27 20:52, John C Klensin wrote:
>>>
>>> Julian, assuming the "one standard" part correct, do you believe
>>> that 2141bis needs a reference to it and, if so, what reference?
>>
>> No, I don't think that the URN spec needs to talk about this, as it is
>> about HTTP redirects.
>
> There may or may not be a spec about the handling of query strings in
> various HTTP redirect cases.  2141bis doesn't _need_ to talk about that,
> but my point was that the case of q-components handling during URN
> resolution that Juha raised was in some ways parallel to the HTTP case,
> and the uncertain nature (IMO) of the situation wrt the HTTP case should
> be raise a 'caution' flag for 2141bis.
> ...

How exactly is it "uncertain"? Do you believe there's something in RFC 
7231 that needs to be fixed?

Best regards, Julian


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To: Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de>
References: <24637769D123E644A105A0AF0E1F92EF010D2AA566@dnbf-ex1.AD.DDB.DE> <c11a8cad-6bac-28b9-901f-fd58f550b838@stpeter.im> <f5br34z61d2.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <a1ec5909-fc8b-d45f-da6c-c86638c79d87@gmx.de> <3D5D1FE441F04FF4F9F1B33B@JcK-HP5.jck.com> <cbd07d8c-d748-2740-2db7-54131ca515e1@gmx.de> <f5b4m1pasot.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <8a614ba0-1cc2-7a5d-6bdc-4aaf7e1af976@gmx.de>
From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 23:39:54 +0000
In-Reply-To: <8a614ba0-1cc2-7a5d-6bdc-4aaf7e1af976@gmx.de> (Julian Reschke's message of "Wed\, 28 Dec 2016 00\:17\:13 +0100")
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Subject: [urn] Off topic: 7321 and query strings
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[Subject changed because this is no longer about 2141bis]

Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de> writes:

> How exactly is [the HTTP redirection case when both original and
> redirect target have query strings] "uncertain"? Do you believe
> there's something in RFC 7231 that needs to be fixed?

I don't see anything in 7231 at all about query string 'conflict' or
merging or ...  Where should I be looking?

ht
-- 
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
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Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 19:20:33 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>, Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de>
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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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wfm.  Text tentatively incorporated.
   thanks,
     john


--On Tuesday, December 27, 2016 10:54 PM +0000 "Henry S.
Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk> wrote:

> Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de> writes:
> 
>> On 2016-12-27 20:52, John C Klensin wrote:
>>> 
>>> Julian, assuming the "one standard" part correct, do you
>>> believe that 2141bis needs a reference to it and, if so,
>>> what reference?
>> 
>> No, I don't think that the URN spec needs to talk about this,
>> as it is about HTTP redirects.
> 
> There may or may not be a spec about the handling of query
> strings in various HTTP redirect cases.  2141bis doesn't
> _need_ to talk about that, but my point was that the case of
> q-components handling during URN resolution that Juha raised
> was in some ways parallel to the HTTP case, and the uncertain
> nature (IMO) of the situation wrt the HTTP case should be
> raise a 'caution' flag for 2141bis.
> 
> My net: explicitly duck the issue: "This specification does
> not specify a required behaviour in the case of URN resolution
> to a locator when the original URN has a q-component and the
> locator has a query string. Different circumstance may require
> different approaches.  Resolvers SHOULD document their
> strategy in such cases."
> 
> ht 





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Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 19:31:37 -0500
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--On Thursday, December 22, 2016 12:24 PM -0700 Peter
Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:

> On 12/21/16 5:14 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>> All,
>> 
>> The syntax for formal URN namespaces declares:
>> 
>> [[
>> [...]
>> 4. It MUST NOT start with ALPHA ALPHA "-", i. e. any string
>> consisting of two letters followed by one hyphen". 5. It MUST
>> NOT start with the string "xn--" or any other string
>> consisting of two letters followed by two hyphens. [...] ]]
>> 
>> To me this feels redundant. If it must not start with ALPHA
>> ALPHA "-", "any other string consisting of two letters
>> followed by two hyphens" is forbidden already. I think we
>> could conflate those two to:
>> 
>> [[
>> 4. It MUST NOT start with any string consisting of two
>> letters followed by one or two hyphens. Such strings are
>> reserved for potential representation of DNS A-labels and
>> similar strings in the future [RFC5890]. ]]
>> 
>> Or are ALPHA ALPHA "-"-Strings reserved for something else?
>> If so, then we should explain why those are forbidden, too.
> 
> I think this is clearer (combining the relevant rules and the
> text that is currently shown after the bulleted list:
> 
> 	    3.  It MUST be more than two characters long and it
> 	MUST NOT start with ALPHA ALPHA "-", i.e., any string
> 	consisting of two letters followed by one hyphen; such
> 	strings are reserved for potential use as NIDs based on
> 	ISO alpha-2 country codes [ISO.3166-1] for eventual
> 	national registrations of URN namespaces (however, the
> 	definition and scoping of rules for allocation of
> 	responsibility for such country-code-based URN
> 	namespaces are beyond the scope of this document).

That seems to me much better, but doesn't eliminate Lars's
concern about redundancy.  I've tentatively merged bullet 4 into
bullet 3, making it clear that the latter is a special case,
with an additional motivation, of the ' ALPHA ALPHA "-"' rule.

    john




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From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: "Hakala, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>, Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>,  urn@ietf.org
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--On Friday, December 23, 2016 7:01 AM +0000 "Hakala, Juha E"
<juha.hakala@helsinki.fi> wrote:

> Hello,=20
>=20
> Comments inline.=20
>=20
>> -----Original Message-----
>> From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Peter
>> Saint-Andre Sent: 22. joulukuuta 2016 21:18
>> To: Svensson, Lars <L.Svensson@dnb.de>; urn@ietf.org
>> Subject: Re: [urn] f-component
>>=20
>> On 12/21/16 5:01 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>> > All,
>> >=20
>> > in version-18, the penultimate paragraph of =C2=A72.3.3 =
says
>> > the following about the semantics of the f-component:
>> >=20
>> > [[ The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the
>> > constituent parts of resources named by URNs. Thus, for
>> > URNs that resolve to URLs of the named resources, the
>> > semantics of an f-component are defined by the media type
>> > of those resources, not by the URN namespace. ]]
>> >=20
>> > This leaves out what the semantics of the f-component is if
>> > the URN resolver doesn't resolve to a URL but returns the
>> > resource (e. g. a document) directly, without redirecting
>> > the agent to another location. I propose the following
>> > minor edit:
>> >=20
>> > [[ The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the
>> > constituent parts of resources named by URNs. Thus, for
>> > URNs that resolve to URLs of the named resources or where
>> > the URN resolver returns the resource directly, the
>> > semantics of an f-component are defined by the media type
>> > of those resources, not by the URN namespace. ]]
>>=20
>> I would like to think about this some more. In particular, I
>> am not sure it's right to say that a URN resolver might
>> "return a resource", because I believe that it would return
>> (via dereferencing) either a representation of the resource
>> or metadata about the resource, and I further believe the f-
>> component applies only to representations and not to metadata
>> (but I might be wrong about that).
>=20
> F-component can be applied to the identified resource only,
> not to metadata about the resource or any other surrogate the
> resolution process may come up with, such as a list of URLs
> from which the user may find alternative versions of the
> resource in different file formats, or one of these
> alternatives.=20
>=20
> Resolver is not aware of the f-component, so if the resolution
> process has been set up in such a way that the client may also
> get a surrogate  instead of the real thing, the client may
> receive an information resource the f-component cannot be
> applied to. If so, the client application will behave as usual
> (leaves the user to the beginning of the resource instead of
> the desired location). I am not sure if we need to mention
> this.=20
>=20
> F-components can only be used in those namespaces in which the
> URNs persistently identify individual information resources
> such as electronic books, if and when at least some of these
> resources have applicable media types. So f-component can be
> used in urn:isbn when the resource is an electronic book in
> appropriate file format, but it is not applicable in urn:issn.
> But if the user gets an HTML version of a book instead of PDF,
> f-component does not work. =20
>>=20
>> Thus perhaps this is more correct:
>>=20
>>     The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the
>>     constituent parts of a resource named by a URN.  For a
>>     URN that resolves to one or more locators which can be
>>     dereferenced to a representation, or where the URN
>>     resolver directly returns a representation of the
>>     resource, the semantics of an f-component are defined by
>>     the media type of the representation, not by the URN
>>     namespace.
>=20
> This is fine with me otherwise, but we might want to drop "not
> by the URN namespace". =20

Dropped.  3986 is very clear that it is bound to the media type
of the representation and nothing else.  Anything more we say
here risks another argument about 3986 and scope.

BTW, the first sentence of that paragraph is almost identical
(but not quite) and certainly redundant with the first paragraph
of 2.3.3    Suggestions welcome (the default is to just leave
the redundancy).

   john





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Date: Tue, 27 Dec 2016 20:03:59 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>, urn@ietf.org
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Subject: Re: [urn] Different conceptual model compared to earlier specifications
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--On Thursday, December 22, 2016 1:29 PM -0700 Peter Saint-Andre
<stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:

>> This last reference to a "conceptual model [that is] slightly
>> different" leaves the reader hanging in mid-air as to the
>> nature of those changes. I think it would be helpful to
>> supply at least one example of such a difference.
> 
> I think I'll leave that for John. :-)

Yeah, well...

3986 fans, please read all of the following before reacting.

RFC 3986 is, IMO and given examples cited elsewhere (and a
careful reading of the first few paragraphs of its
introduction), mostly about locators, i.e., URLs, with a
periodic nod to non-locator names (specifically of the "urn:"
scheme persuasion).  Its failure to treat URLs and URNs equally
and to call out differences (whether it should have done so or
not) and to be strictly conformant to 2141 has been a major
source of debate and aggravation in this WG.

>From that perspective, most of the discussions we have had about
what identifiers are, whether or not things resolve, how to
handle f-components when there are no media types, whether the
term "resource" is clearly defined or just so much more hand
waving about how broad the term can be, etc., etc., are all
examples of those conceptual differences.

The problem is that I don't think we want to say any of that in
the document.  I'm reluctant to say it even in this note.  I
continue to believe that we can finish 2141bis without
challenging 3986 directly and that is what the WG has more or
less told us to try to do.     So, yes, I recognize that the
comment calls for either examples or more explanation.   I'm
attempting a bit more explanation for -19 but imagine even it
may be controversial.  I don't know how to provide examples
without directly challenging the legitimacy of 3986 and I
really, really, don't want to do that at this point.

best,
   john




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To: "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
References: <24637769D123E644A105A0AF0E1F92EF010D2AA566@dnbf-ex1.AD.DDB.DE> <c11a8cad-6bac-28b9-901f-fd58f550b838@stpeter.im> <f5br34z61d2.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <a1ec5909-fc8b-d45f-da6c-c86638c79d87@gmx.de> <3D5D1FE441F04FF4F9F1B33B@JcK-HP5.jck.com> <cbd07d8c-d748-2740-2db7-54131ca515e1@gmx.de> <f5b4m1pasot.fsf@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk> <8a614ba0-1cc2-7a5d-6bdc-4aaf7e1af976@gmx.de> <f5b1swt6iwl.fsf_-_@troutbeck.inf.ed.ac.uk>
From: Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de>
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Date: Wed, 28 Dec 2016 09:57:39 +0100
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Subject: Re: [urn] Off topic: 7321 and query strings
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On 2016-12-28 00:39, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> [Subject changed because this is no longer about 2141bis]
>
> Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de> writes:
>
>> How exactly is [the HTTP redirection case when both original and
>> redirect target have query strings] "uncertain"? Do you believe
>> there's something in RFC 7231 that needs to be fixed?
>
> I don't see anything in 7231 at all about query string 'conflict' or
> merging or ...  Where should I be looking?

Ah, I misread. Thought this was solely about fragment identifiers.

It doesn't say anything about merging query strings, because they 
aren't. It's not part of the reference resolution defined in RFC 3986.

Are you aware of any user agents doing something like merging on redirects?

Best regards, Julian


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To: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>, Julian Reschke <julian.reschke@gmx.de>
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] q-component: What happens if the URL resolved to already has a query component?
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On 12/27/16 5:20 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
> wfm.  Text tentatively incorporated.

WFM too.

Peter



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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] NID syntax
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On 12/27/16 5:31 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Thursday, December 22, 2016 12:24 PM -0700 Peter
> Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>
>> On 12/21/16 5:14 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>>> All,
>>>
>>> The syntax for formal URN namespaces declares:
>>>
>>> [[
>>> [...]
>>> 4. It MUST NOT start with ALPHA ALPHA "-", i. e. any string
>>> consisting of two letters followed by one hyphen". 5. It MUST
>>> NOT start with the string "xn--" or any other string
>>> consisting of two letters followed by two hyphens. [...] ]]
>>>
>>> To me this feels redundant. If it must not start with ALPHA
>>> ALPHA "-", "any other string consisting of two letters
>>> followed by two hyphens" is forbidden already. I think we
>>> could conflate those two to:
>>>
>>> [[
>>> 4. It MUST NOT start with any string consisting of two
>>> letters followed by one or two hyphens. Such strings are
>>> reserved for potential representation of DNS A-labels and
>>> similar strings in the future [RFC5890]. ]]
>>>
>>> Or are ALPHA ALPHA "-"-Strings reserved for something else?
>>> If so, then we should explain why those are forbidden, too.
>>
>> I think this is clearer (combining the relevant rules and the
>> text that is currently shown after the bulleted list:
>>
>> 	    3.  It MUST be more than two characters long and it
>> 	MUST NOT start with ALPHA ALPHA "-", i.e., any string
>> 	consisting of two letters followed by one hyphen; such
>> 	strings are reserved for potential use as NIDs based on
>> 	ISO alpha-2 country codes [ISO.3166-1] for eventual
>> 	national registrations of URN namespaces (however, the
>> 	definition and scoping of rules for allocation of
>> 	responsibility for such country-code-based URN
>> 	namespaces are beyond the scope of this document).
>
> That seems to me much better, but doesn't eliminate Lars's
> concern about redundancy.  I've tentatively merged bullet 4 into
> bullet 3, making it clear that the latter is a special case,
> with an additional motivation, of the ' ALPHA ALPHA "-"' rule.

Thanks. I don't mind a bit of redundancy here given that there are 
different reasons for the two rules, but if you've been able to artfully 
merge the two bullet points then so much the better.

Peter



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To: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>, "Hakala, Juha E" <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi>, "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>, urn@ietf.org
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] f-component
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On 12/27/16 5:49 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Friday, December 23, 2016 7:01 AM +0000 "Hakala, Juha E"
> <juha.hakala@helsinki.fi> wrote:
>
>> Hello,
>>
>> Comments inline.
>>
>>> -----Original Message-----
>>> From: urn [mailto:urn-bounces@ietf.org] On Behalf Of Peter
>>> Saint-Andre Sent: 22. joulukuuta 2016 21:18
>>> To: Svensson, Lars <L.Svensson@dnb.de>; urn@ietf.org
>>> Subject: Re: [urn] f-component
>>>
>>> On 12/21/16 5:01 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>>>> All,
>>>>
>>>> in version-18, the penultimate paragraph of Â§2.3.3 says
>>>> the following about the semantics of the f-component:
>>>>
>>>> [[ The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the
>>>> constituent parts of resources named by URNs. Thus, for
>>>> URNs that resolve to URLs of the named resources, the
>>>> semantics of an f-component are defined by the media type
>>>> of those resources, not by the URN namespace. ]]
>>>>
>>>> This leaves out what the semantics of the f-component is if
>>>> the URN resolver doesn't resolve to a URL but returns the
>>>> resource (e. g. a document) directly, without redirecting
>>>> the agent to another location. I propose the following
>>>> minor edit:
>>>>
>>>> [[ The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the
>>>> constituent parts of resources named by URNs. Thus, for
>>>> URNs that resolve to URLs of the named resources or where
>>>> the URN resolver returns the resource directly, the
>>>> semantics of an f-component are defined by the media type
>>>> of those resources, not by the URN namespace. ]]
>>>
>>> I would like to think about this some more. In particular, I
>>> am not sure it's right to say that a URN resolver might
>>> "return a resource", because I believe that it would return
>>> (via dereferencing) either a representation of the resource
>>> or metadata about the resource, and I further believe the f-
>>> component applies only to representations and not to metadata
>>> (but I might be wrong about that).
>>
>> F-component can be applied to the identified resource only,
>> not to metadata about the resource or any other surrogate the
>> resolution process may come up with, such as a list of URLs
>> from which the user may find alternative versions of the
>> resource in different file formats, or one of these
>> alternatives.
>>
>> Resolver is not aware of the f-component, so if the resolution
>> process has been set up in such a way that the client may also
>> get a surrogate  instead of the real thing, the client may
>> receive an information resource the f-component cannot be
>> applied to. If so, the client application will behave as usual
>> (leaves the user to the beginning of the resource instead of
>> the desired location). I am not sure if we need to mention
>> this.
>>
>> F-components can only be used in those namespaces in which the
>> URNs persistently identify individual information resources
>> such as electronic books, if and when at least some of these
>> resources have applicable media types. So f-component can be
>> used in urn:isbn when the resource is an electronic book in
>> appropriate file format, but it is not applicable in urn:issn.
>> But if the user gets an HTML version of a book instead of PDF,
>> f-component does not work.
>>>
>>> Thus perhaps this is more correct:
>>>
>>>     The f-component is primarily intended to distinguish the
>>>     constituent parts of a resource named by a URN.  For a
>>>     URN that resolves to one or more locators which can be
>>>     dereferenced to a representation, or where the URN
>>>     resolver directly returns a representation of the
>>>     resource, the semantics of an f-component are defined by
>>>     the media type of the representation, not by the URN
>>>     namespace.
>>
>> This is fine with me otherwise, but we might want to drop "not
>> by the URN namespace".
>
> Dropped.  3986 is very clear that it is bound to the media type
> of the representation and nothing else.  Anything more we say
> here risks another argument about 3986 and scope.

+1

> BTW, the first sentence of that paragraph is almost identical
> (but not quite) and certainly redundant with the first paragraph
> of 2.3.3    Suggestions welcome (the default is to just leave
> the redundancy).

I think you and I can work that out as an editorial matter before we 
publish version -19 (I think it would be best to move the above-quoted 
paragraph to the start of Section 2.3.3 and harmonize the first sentences).

Peter



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To: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>, "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Date: Wed, 28 Dec 2016 18:37:16 -0700
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Subject: Re: [urn] Terminology -- 'resource' and 'abstract designator'
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On 12/27/16 4:14 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Thursday, December 22, 2016 11:56 AM -0700 Peter
> Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>
>> Hi Lars, thank you very much for your feedback.
>
>> On 12/21/16 4:26 AM, Svensson, Lars wrote:
>> ...
>>> Here I don't quite agree with "The URN q-component has the
>>> same syntax as the query component in URI schemes for
>>> locators". That text implies that URI schemes that are not
>>> for locators have a different query component syntax. My
>>> suggestion would be to accept Peter's new version but keep
>>> the first sentence unchanged:
>>>
>>> [[ The URN q-component has the same syntax as the URI query
>>> component, but is introduced by "?=", not "?" alone.  For
>>> URNs that may be resolved to a locator URI, the semantics of
>>> the q-component are identical to those for the query
>>> component of that URI.  Thus URN resolvers returning a
>>> locator URI for a URN with a q-component do this by copying
>>> the q-component from the URN to the query component of the
>>> locator URI.  If the URN does not resolve to a locator URI,
>>> the interpretation of the q-component is undefined by this
>>> specification.  An example of the copying operation appears
>>> below. ]] [...]
>
>> You are right - thanks for pointing out this problem.
>
> As another small nit, I'm not sure where a "locator URI" is
> defined.  The term certainly is not defined in 2141bis, nor does
> it appear in 3986.  I'm ok with "locator" by itself (which does
> have origins in 3986 and that is defined in Section 1.1 of
> 2141bis), or "URI for a locator".   I still don't fully
> understand why we have dropped "URL" in favor of "locator URI"s
> and similar unnatural constructions, but, if we are going to do
> so, "locator URI" is in need of a clear definition in Section
> 1.1.  When I go back and reread Section 1.1.3 of RFC 3986, I
> think that any plausible definition takes us back to "URL"
> unless the intent is to get at the "both" case, but maybe I'm
> missing something.

If we follow Henry's suggestion to use the term "locator" instead of 
"URL" in most instances, then we need a term to refer to locators that 
are identified by URIs, since there could be non-URI locators. This is 
why I coined the neologism "locator URI", which is the same as a "URI 
for a locator" but less wordy. I'm open to better suggestions!

Peter





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To: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>, "Svensson, Lars" <L.Svensson@dnb.de>,  urn@ietf.org
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] Different conceptual model compared to earlier specifications
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On 12/27/16 6:03 PM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Thursday, December 22, 2016 1:29 PM -0700 Peter Saint-Andre
> <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>
>>> This last reference to a "conceptual model [that is] slightly
>>> different" leaves the reader hanging in mid-air as to the
>>> nature of those changes. I think it would be helpful to
>>> supply at least one example of such a difference.
>>
>> I think I'll leave that for John. :-)
>
> Yeah, well...
>
> 3986 fans, please read all of the following before reacting.
>
> RFC 3986 is, IMO and given examples cited elsewhere (and a
> careful reading of the first few paragraphs of its
> introduction), mostly about locators, i.e., URLs, with a
> periodic nod to non-locator names (specifically of the "urn:"
> scheme persuasion).  Its failure to treat URLs and URNs equally
> and to call out differences (whether it should have done so or
> not) and to be strictly conformant to 2141 has been a major
> source of debate and aggravation in this WG.
>
>>From that perspective, most of the discussions we have had about
> what identifiers are, whether or not things resolve, how to
> handle f-components when there are no media types, whether the
> term "resource" is clearly defined or just so much more hand
> waving about how broad the term can be, etc., etc., are all
> examples of those conceptual differences.
>
> The problem is that I don't think we want to say any of that in
> the document.  I'm reluctant to say it even in this note.  I
> continue to believe that we can finish 2141bis without
> challenging 3986 directly and that is what the WG has more or
> less told us to try to do.     So, yes, I recognize that the
> comment calls for either examples or more explanation.   I'm
> attempting a bit more explanation for -19 but imagine even it
> may be controversial.  I don't know how to provide examples
> without directly challenging the legitimacy of 3986 and I
> really, really, don't want to do that at this point.

Yes, I agree that this is the best route forward.

Peter



From nobody Thu Dec 29 12:38:16 2016
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Date: Thu, 29 Dec 2016 15:38:04 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: [urn] 2141bis - terminology, particularly about locators, names, and URNs
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Hi.

Peter and I are iterating on -10 and still expect it to be
posted before the end of the week.

I want to alert the WG to some proposed terminology changes.
Requirements for these became clear in carefully checking
through usage of terms in the draft.  In no particular order:

(1) "name" is used all over the place, both within the document,
within 3986, and elsewhere to mean several different things
and/or as a general term, often associated with a certain amount
of handwaving.  The definition in -18, which appears to assume
that the only usage is that in 3986 1.1.3, which uses it as the
name (sic) of one of the two categories of URI, the other one
being "locator".  "name" has been removed from the definition
and replaced by a caution against assuming the term has any
precise meaning.

(ii) Removal of "URL" in favor of "locator" or related
terminology didn't go as smoothly as I (and, I think, Peter)
assumed it would when Henry suggested it.  "locator URI" now
appears in the Terminology section and some other corrections
have been made for consistency, but, unless we believe that
there is a non-trivial possibility that URLs will go out of use
within the lifetime of 2141bis, we may be making a fine
distinction that is more confusing than helpful.  An alternate
strategy, which I think people who care about this should
consider (although I hope we don't need to do the work because
it would be hard to avoid errors), is to use "URL" when we mean
that and "non-URL locators" and "possibly non-URL locators" when
we don't.

(iii) -18 defined "URN" in a way that was not consistent with
usage in the rest of the document and some other places (but
that was closely related to the definition of "name" discussed
above.  The definition has been changed and a caution inserted
about other definitions and definition-less usage.

If any of the above bother people at a conceptual level, please
say so.  Otherwise, consider this an early warning of an area of
-19 that deserves attention as well as some explanation of why I
believe we need to move past the sort of overly-close reading
that causes this sort of work and the resulting questions.

best,
    john



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To: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
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From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Fri, 30 Dec 2016 15:31:03 +0000
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John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com> writes:

> (1) "name" is used all over the place, both within the document,
> within 3986, and elsewhere to mean several different things
> and/or as a general term, often associated with a certain amount
> of handwaving.  The definition in -18, which appears to assume
> that the only usage is that in 3986 1.1.3, which uses it as the
> name (sic) of one of the two categories of URI, the other one
> being "locator".  "name" has been removed from the definition
> and replaced by a caution against assuming the term has any
> precise meaning.

Good.

> (ii) Removal of "URL" in favor of "locator" or related
> terminology didn't go as smoothly as I (and, I think, Peter)
> assumed it would when Henry suggested it.  "locator URI" now
> appears in the Terminology section and some other corrections
> have been made for consistency, but, unless we believe that
> there is a non-trivial possibility that URLs will go out of use
> within the lifetime of 2141bis, we may be making a fine
> distinction that is more confusing than helpful.  An alternate
> strategy, which I think people who care about this should
> consider (although I hope we don't need to do the work because
> it would be hard to avoid errors), is to use "URL" when we mean
> that and "non-URL locators" and "possibly non-URL locators" when
> we don't.

I find the proposed use of "locator URI" quite natural: 3986 says that
some URIs are locators and some are not (independently of their URI
scheme), so it makes sense to talk about the ones that are as locator
URIs.  Juha, Lars and I all responsed positively to this aspect of
Peter's message of 14 December.  I'm not sure I see any specific reason
in the para. above for changing my mind...

ht

[Perhaps the origin of your unease is reflected in what I think is a
misunderstanding in yours of 27 December:

> As another small nit, I'm not sure where a "locator URI" is defined.
> The term certainly is not defined in 2141bis, nor does it appear in
> 3986.  I'm ok with "locator" by itself (which does have origins in
> 3986 and that is defined in Section 1.1 of 2141bis), or "URI for a
> locator".

"URI for a locator" is a pretty rare and unlikely beast, at least as I
unpack it, that is, as an identifier for an identifier.  Would adding a
very short definition in the terminology section, along the lines of

  Locator URI -- "[a URI] that, in addition to identifying a resource,
  provide[s] a means of locating the resource by describing its primary
  access mechanism (e.g., its network 'location')" [ref. 3986 1.1.3]

> I still don't fully understand why we have dropped "URL"

Primarily (IMO) because it confuses people -- common usage (3986
notwithstanding) thinks anything that looks like 'http://...' is always
a URL.

ht
-- 
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
                       URL: http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/
 [mail from me _always_ has a .sig like this -- mail without it is forged spam]


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--On Friday, December 30, 2016 15:31 +0000 "Henry S. Thompson"
<ht@inf.ed.ac.uk> wrote:

>...
>> (ii) Removal of "URL" in favor of "locator" or related
>> terminology didn't go as smoothly as I (and, I think, Peter)
>> assumed it would when Henry suggested it.  "locator URI" now
>> appears in the Terminology section and some other corrections
>> have been made for consistency, but, unless we believe that
>> there is a non-trivial possibility that URLs will go out of
>> use within the lifetime of 2141bis, we may be making a fine
>> distinction that is more confusing than helpful.  An alternate
>> strategy, which I think people who care about this should
>> consider (although I hope we don't need to do the work because
>> it would be hard to avoid errors), is to use "URL" when we
>> mean that and "non-URL locators" and "possibly non-URL
>> locators" when we don't.
 
> I find the proposed use of "locator URI" quite natural: 3986
> says that some URIs are locators and some are not
> (independently of their URI scheme), so it makes sense to talk
> about the ones that are as locator URIs.  Juha, Lars and I all
> responsed positively to this aspect of Peter's message of 14
> December.  I'm not sure I see any specific reason in the para.
> above for changing my mind...
>...

> [Perhaps the origin of your unease is reflected in what I
> think is a misunderstanding in yours of 27 December:
> 
>> As another small nit, I'm not sure where a "locator URI" is
>> defined. The term certainly is not defined in 2141bis, nor
>> does it appear in 3986.  I'm ok with "locator" by itself
>> (which does have origins in 3986 and that is defined in
>> Section 1.1 of 2141bis), or "URI for a locator".
> 
> "URI for a locator" is a pretty rare and unlikely beast, at
> least as I unpack it, that is, as an identifier for an
> identifier. 

I wasn't confused (if that be the right term), until I went back
and reread 3096 again, but that is exactly where the terminology
gets tangled up.    If you said "a locator-type URI", I wouldn't
have have a problem.  But "locator URI" sounds like a very
specific term of art that is not, IMO, justified by any obvious
reading of 3986.  I note that we could be using "name URI" in
lieu of URN, or at least the more general interpretation of
"URN" as more than the "urn:' scheme, but we don't do that and,
by removing "name" as a 2141bis definition, we remove what is,
IMO, the last vestige of that concept from 2141bis.   Again, I'm
ok if "lcoator URI" is specifically defined somewhere; the
objection is to expecting readers to figure out what it means
and what its implications are.

> Would adding a very short definition in the
> terminology section, along the lines of
> 
>   Locator URI -- "[a URI] that, in addition to identifying a
> resource,   provide[s] a means of locating the resource by
> describing its primary   access mechanism (e.g., its network
> 'location')" [ref. 3986 1.1.3]

The following appears in the preliminary versions of -19 that
have been going back and forth between Peter and myself:

   "Locator URI: A locator that is conformant to URI syntax and
   other rules of RFC 3986.  That document, at Section 1.1.3,
   appears to identify all such locators as "URLs", but this
   document attempts to be agnostic on that issue."

I don't see much reason to prefer one over the other but, in the
interest of progress, am substituting yours.  Anyone who has a
strong preference for the earlier version (the one quoted
directly above) should speak up, ideally in the next few hours
before I post -19.

>> I still don't fully understand why we have dropped "URL"
> 
> Primarily (IMO) because it confuses people -- common usage
> (3986 notwithstanding) thinks anything that looks like
> 'http://...' is always a URL.

Then, in retrospect, I would have preferred to define "URL" in
2141bis in a way that is completely consistent with 3986 and
warn against alternate definitions and interpretations, at least
within the scope of 2141bis and URNs.  Again, just in retrospect
-- I see the tradeoffs and don't propose to go back.

best,
    john


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To: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] 2141bis - terminology, particularly about locators, names, and URNs
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On 12/30/16 10:09 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Friday, December 30, 2016 15:31 +0000 "Henry S. Thompson"
> <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk> wrote:
>
>> ...
>>> (ii) Removal of "URL" in favor of "locator" or related
>>> terminology didn't go as smoothly as I (and, I think, Peter)
>>> assumed it would when Henry suggested it.  "locator URI" now
>>> appears in the Terminology section and some other corrections
>>> have been made for consistency, but, unless we believe that
>>> there is a non-trivial possibility that URLs will go out of
>>> use within the lifetime of 2141bis, we may be making a fine
>>> distinction that is more confusing than helpful.  An alternate
>>> strategy, which I think people who care about this should
>>> consider (although I hope we don't need to do the work because
>>> it would be hard to avoid errors), is to use "URL" when we
>>> mean that and "non-URL locators" and "possibly non-URL
>>> locators" when we don't.
>
>> I find the proposed use of "locator URI" quite natural: 3986
>> says that some URIs are locators and some are not
>> (independently of their URI scheme), so it makes sense to talk
>> about the ones that are as locator URIs.  Juha, Lars and I all
>> responsed positively to this aspect of Peter's message of 14
>> December.  I'm not sure I see any specific reason in the para.
>> above for changing my mind...
>> ...
>
>> [Perhaps the origin of your unease is reflected in what I
>> think is a misunderstanding in yours of 27 December:
>>
>>> As another small nit, I'm not sure where a "locator URI" is
>>> defined. The term certainly is not defined in 2141bis, nor
>>> does it appear in 3986.  I'm ok with "locator" by itself
>>> (which does have origins in 3986 and that is defined in
>>> Section 1.1 of 2141bis), or "URI for a locator".
>>
>> "URI for a locator" is a pretty rare and unlikely beast, at
>> least as I unpack it, that is, as an identifier for an
>> identifier.
>
> I wasn't confused (if that be the right term), until I went back
> and reread 3096 again, but that is exactly where the terminology
> gets tangled up.    If you said "a locator-type URI", I wouldn't
> have have a problem.  But "locator URI" sounds like a very
> specific term of art that is not, IMO, justified by any obvious
> reading of 3986.  I note that we could be using "name URI" in
> lieu of URN, or at least the more general interpretation of
> "URN" as more than the "urn:' scheme, but we don't do that and,
> by removing "name" as a 2141bis definition, we remove what is,
> IMO, the last vestige of that concept from 2141bis.   Again, I'm
> ok if "lcoator URI" is specifically defined somewhere; the
> objection is to expecting readers to figure out what it means
> and what its implications are.
>
>> Would adding a very short definition in the
>> terminology section, along the lines of
>>
>>   Locator URI -- "[a URI] that, in addition to identifying a
>> resource,   provide[s] a means of locating the resource by
>> describing its primary   access mechanism (e.g., its network
>> 'location')" [ref. 3986 1.1.3]
>
> The following appears in the preliminary versions of -19 that
> have been going back and forth between Peter and myself:
>
>    "Locator URI: A locator that is conformant to URI syntax and
>    other rules of RFC 3986.  That document, at Section 1.1.3,
>    appears to identify all such locators as "URLs", but this
>    document attempts to be agnostic on that issue."
>
> I don't see much reason to prefer one over the other but, in the
> interest of progress, am substituting yours.  Anyone who has a
> strong preference for the earlier version (the one quoted
> directly above) should speak up, ideally in the next few hours
> before I post -19.

I have a better idea: let's not define "locator URI" as a term of art. 
When we substituted "locator" for "URL" in most cases, there were a few 
places in the text where we talked about URI query components in 
relation to such locators. However, it doesn't make sense to talk about 
URI query components if the locator is not a URI, so when I 
provisionally modified the text I sought a less cumbersome phrase than 
"a URI for a locator", landing on "locator URI" as a proposed phrase 
(*not* a defined term of art). I now think that interim proposal was a 
mistake, and I would prefer that we use the phrase I started with ("a 
URI for a locator") to avoid confusion, even if it is somewhat ugly.

Peter



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Date: Fri, 30 Dec 2016 13:15:04 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>, "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
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--On Friday, December 30, 2016 10:57 -0700 Peter Saint-Andre
<stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:

> On 12/30/16 10:09 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>> 
>> 
>> --On Friday, December 30, 2016 15:31 +0000 "Henry S. Thompson"
>> <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk> wrote:
>> 
>>> ...
>>>> (ii) Removal of "URL" in favor of "locator" or related
>>>> terminology didn't go as smoothly as I (and, I think, Peter)
>>>> assumed it would when Henry suggested it.  "locator URI" now
>>>> appears in the Terminology section and some other
>>>> corrections have been made for consistency, but, unless we
>>>> believe that there is a non-trivial possibility that URLs
>>>> will go out of use within the lifetime of 2141bis, we may
>>>> be making a fine distinction that is more confusing than
>>>> helpful.  An alternate strategy, which I think people who
>>>> care about this should consider (although I hope we don't
>>>> need to do the work because it would be hard to avoid
>>>> errors), is to use "URL" when we mean that and "non-URL
>>>> locators" and "possibly non-URL locators" when we don't.
>> 
>>> I find the proposed use of "locator URI" quite natural: 3986
>>> says that some URIs are locators and some are not
>>> (independently of their URI scheme), so it makes sense to
>>> talk about the ones that are as locator URIs.  Juha, Lars
>>> and I all responsed positively to this aspect of Peter's
>>> message of 14 December.  I'm not sure I see any specific
>>> reason in the para. above for changing my mind...
>>> ...
>> 
>>> [Perhaps the origin of your unease is reflected in what I
>>> think is a misunderstanding in yours of 27 December:
>>> 
>>>> As another small nit, I'm not sure where a "locator URI" is
>>>> defined. The term certainly is not defined in 2141bis, nor
>>>> does it appear in 3986.  I'm ok with "locator" by itself
>>>> (which does have origins in 3986 and that is defined in
>>>> Section 1.1 of 2141bis), or "URI for a locator".
>>> 
>>> "URI for a locator" is a pretty rare and unlikely beast, at
>>> least as I unpack it, that is, as an identifier for an
>>> identifier.
>> 
>> I wasn't confused (if that be the right term), until I went
>> back and reread 3096 again, but that is exactly where the
>> terminology gets tangled up.    If you said "a locator-type
>> URI", I wouldn't have have a problem.  But "locator URI"
>> sounds like a very specific term of art that is not, IMO,
>> justified by any obvious reading of 3986.  I note that we
>> could be using "name URI" in lieu of URN, or at least the
>> more general interpretation of "URN" as more than the "urn:'
>> scheme, but we don't do that and, by removing "name" as a
>> 2141bis definition, we remove what is, IMO, the last vestige
>> of that concept from 2141bis.   Again, I'm ok if "lcoator
>> URI" is specifically defined somewhere; the objection is to
>> expecting readers to figure out what it means and what its
>> implications are.
>> 
>>> Would adding a very short definition in the
>>> terminology section, along the lines of
>>> 
>>>   Locator URI -- "[a URI] that, in addition to identifying a
>>> resource,   provide[s] a means of locating the resource by
>>> describing its primary   access mechanism (e.g., its network
>>> 'location')" [ref. 3986 1.1.3]
>> 
>> The following appears in the preliminary versions of -19 that
>> have been going back and forth between Peter and myself:
>> 
>>    "Locator URI: A locator that is conformant to URI syntax
>>    and other rules of RFC 3986.  That document, at Section
>>    1.1.3, appears to identify all such locators as "URLs",
>>    but this document attempts to be agnostic on that issue."
>> 
>> I don't see much reason to prefer one over the other but, in
>> the interest of progress, am substituting yours.  Anyone who
>> has a strong preference for the earlier version (the one
>> quoted directly above) should speak up, ideally in the next
>> few hours before I post -19.
> 
> I have a better idea: let's not define "locator URI" as a term
> of art. When we substituted "locator" for "URL" in most cases,
> there were a few places in the text where we talked about URI
> query components in relation to such locators. However, it
> doesn't make sense to talk about URI query components if the
> locator is not a URI, so when I provisionally modified the
> text I sought a less cumbersome phrase than "a URI for a
> locator", landing on "locator URI" as a proposed phrase (*not*
> a defined term of art). I now think that interim proposal was
> a mistake, and I would prefer that we use the phrase I started
> with ("a URI for a locator") to avoid confusion, even if it is
> somewhat ugly.

Wfm, but I note Henry appears to not like "URI for a locator",
or at least some variations on it.   He apparently believes
"locator URI" is obvious and a reference to the "locator" part
of 3986 1.1.3; I don't and see it as acceptable only as a term
of art.

Again, part of my problem is that there are URIs that are not
locators and not names (although not in 3986), URIs that are
both locators and names, and, of course, locators (and names)
that are not URIs.  There are also things whose classifications
require effort outside the scope of URNBIS: Juha, Lars, and
their colleagues would tell us that Dewey Decimal Numbers are a
classification system, perhaps not even a set of identifiers and
definitely not a system with single centralized (or topically
delegated) management.  But there are probably more people in
the world who think of them as locators than there are people
who think that "URI" and "URL" are equivalent terms and/or that
anything that "looks like" 'http:...' is inherently a URL.

So how would you like to proceed?  I'm partway through the draft
of -19 I was going to touch up as needed and post today, but the
only changes I've made so far are to substitute Henry's text for
mine as discussed above and to start removing the CREFs we've
used to discuss issues with each other.  Do you want the pen
back to fix the "locator URI" instances?  If you do that, I'm
probably going to run out of time to do/finish a final review
and post today, but we could delay the posting schedule until
tomorrow or Sunday.  Or I could just post what we have with a
note about fixing that later.

While I think we can still get a draft posted this weekend, I'd
really like the WG to consider how much effort this, and
similar, efforts are worth relative to the value of getting
finished.

best,
    john


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On 12/30/16 11:15 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>
>
> --On Friday, December 30, 2016 10:57 -0700 Peter Saint-Andre
> <stpeter@stpeter.im> wrote:
>
>> On 12/30/16 10:09 AM, John C Klensin wrote:
>>>
>>>
>>> --On Friday, December 30, 2016 15:31 +0000 "Henry S. Thompson"
>>> <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk> wrote:
>>>
>>>> ...
>>>>> (ii) Removal of "URL" in favor of "locator" or related
>>>>> terminology didn't go as smoothly as I (and, I think, Peter)
>>>>> assumed it would when Henry suggested it.  "locator URI" now
>>>>> appears in the Terminology section and some other
>>>>> corrections have been made for consistency, but, unless we
>>>>> believe that there is a non-trivial possibility that URLs
>>>>> will go out of use within the lifetime of 2141bis, we may
>>>>> be making a fine distinction that is more confusing than
>>>>> helpful.  An alternate strategy, which I think people who
>>>>> care about this should consider (although I hope we don't
>>>>> need to do the work because it would be hard to avoid
>>>>> errors), is to use "URL" when we mean that and "non-URL
>>>>> locators" and "possibly non-URL locators" when we don't.
>>>
>>>> I find the proposed use of "locator URI" quite natural: 3986
>>>> says that some URIs are locators and some are not
>>>> (independently of their URI scheme), so it makes sense to
>>>> talk about the ones that are as locator URIs.  Juha, Lars
>>>> and I all responsed positively to this aspect of Peter's
>>>> message of 14 December.  I'm not sure I see any specific
>>>> reason in the para. above for changing my mind...
>>>> ...
>>>
>>>> [Perhaps the origin of your unease is reflected in what I
>>>> think is a misunderstanding in yours of 27 December:
>>>>
>>>>> As another small nit, I'm not sure where a "locator URI" is
>>>>> defined. The term certainly is not defined in 2141bis, nor
>>>>> does it appear in 3986.  I'm ok with "locator" by itself
>>>>> (which does have origins in 3986 and that is defined in
>>>>> Section 1.1 of 2141bis), or "URI for a locator".
>>>>
>>>> "URI for a locator" is a pretty rare and unlikely beast, at
>>>> least as I unpack it, that is, as an identifier for an
>>>> identifier.
>>>
>>> I wasn't confused (if that be the right term), until I went
>>> back and reread 3096 again, but that is exactly where the
>>> terminology gets tangled up.    If you said "a locator-type
>>> URI", I wouldn't have have a problem.  But "locator URI"
>>> sounds like a very specific term of art that is not, IMO,
>>> justified by any obvious reading of 3986.  I note that we
>>> could be using "name URI" in lieu of URN, or at least the
>>> more general interpretation of "URN" as more than the "urn:'
>>> scheme, but we don't do that and, by removing "name" as a
>>> 2141bis definition, we remove what is, IMO, the last vestige
>>> of that concept from 2141bis.   Again, I'm ok if "lcoator
>>> URI" is specifically defined somewhere; the objection is to
>>> expecting readers to figure out what it means and what its
>>> implications are.
>>>
>>>> Would adding a very short definition in the
>>>> terminology section, along the lines of
>>>>
>>>>   Locator URI -- "[a URI] that, in addition to identifying a
>>>> resource,   provide[s] a means of locating the resource by
>>>> describing its primary   access mechanism (e.g., its network
>>>> 'location')" [ref. 3986 1.1.3]
>>>
>>> The following appears in the preliminary versions of -19 that
>>> have been going back and forth between Peter and myself:
>>>
>>>    "Locator URI: A locator that is conformant to URI syntax
>>>    and other rules of RFC 3986.  That document, at Section
>>>    1.1.3, appears to identify all such locators as "URLs",
>>>    but this document attempts to be agnostic on that issue."
>>>
>>> I don't see much reason to prefer one over the other but, in
>>> the interest of progress, am substituting yours.  Anyone who
>>> has a strong preference for the earlier version (the one
>>> quoted directly above) should speak up, ideally in the next
>>> few hours before I post -19.
>>
>> I have a better idea: let's not define "locator URI" as a term
>> of art. When we substituted "locator" for "URL" in most cases,
>> there were a few places in the text where we talked about URI
>> query components in relation to such locators. However, it
>> doesn't make sense to talk about URI query components if the
>> locator is not a URI, so when I provisionally modified the
>> text I sought a less cumbersome phrase than "a URI for a
>> locator", landing on "locator URI" as a proposed phrase (*not*
>> a defined term of art). I now think that interim proposal was
>> a mistake, and I would prefer that we use the phrase I started
>> with ("a URI for a locator") to avoid confusion, even if it is
>> somewhat ugly.
>
> Wfm, but I note Henry appears to not like "URI for a locator",
> or at least some variations on it.   He apparently believes
> "locator URI" is obvious and a reference to the "locator" part
> of 3986 1.1.3;

When it comes to URIs, nothing is obvious. ;-)

> I don't and see it as acceptable only as a term
> of art.

I would prefer to avoid coining unneeded terminology and potentially 
causing more confusion that we already have in this space. That's why 
I'd prefer "URI for a locator" or "URI that is a locator".

Henry, can you not live with one of those phrases? (cf RFC 7282, §2)

> So how would you like to proceed?  I'm partway through the draft
> of -19 I was going to touch up as needed and post today, but the
> only changes I've made so far are to substitute Henry's text for
> mine as discussed above and to start removing the CREFs we've
> used to discuss issues with each other.  Do you want the pen
> back to fix the "locator URI" instances?  If you do that, I'm
> probably going to run out of time to do/finish a final review
> and post today, but we could delay the posting schedule until
> tomorrow or Sunday.  Or I could just post what we have with a
> note about fixing that later.

If you finish your work and send me the source file, I will make these 
few little fixes and post -19 later today or early tomorrow.

> While I think we can still get a draft posted this weekend, I'd
> really like the WG to consider how much effort this, and
> similar, efforts are worth relative to the value of getting
> finished.

I would like us all to consider -19 as the version that undergoes 
working group last call so that ideally we can finish this work before 
the next IETF meeting in late March.

Peter


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To: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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From: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk (Henry S. Thompson)
Date: Fri, 30 Dec 2016 19:36:32 +0000
In-Reply-To: <ad0803b4-1fee-35e1-ee13-cd97ec5edd7d@stpeter.im> (Peter Saint-Andre's message of "Fri\, 30 Dec 2016 11\:28\:56 -0700")
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Subject: Re: [urn] 2141bis - terminology, particularly about locators, names, and URNs
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Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> writes:

> I would prefer to avoid coining unneeded terminology and potentially
> causing more confusion that we already have in this space. That's why
> I'd prefer "URI for a locator" or "URI that is a locator".
>
> Henry, can you not live with one of those phrases? (cf RFC 7282, =A72)

I can certainly live with "URI that is a locator".

(I have to say that I'm still worried that you seem to think that those
two quoted phrases mean the same thing -- "a URI for a locator" means,
to me, a URI for (some identifier which is itself) a locator, but I
_hope_ that worry doesn't matter if we agree on "URI that is a
locator".)

ht
--=20
       Henry S. Thompson, School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh
      10 Crichton Street, Edinburgh EH8 9AB, SCOTLAND -- (44) 131 650-4440
                Fax: (44) 131 650-4587, e-mail: ht@inf.ed.ac.uk
                       URL: http://www.ltg.ed.ac.uk/~ht/
 [mail from me _always_ has a .sig like this -- mail without it is forged s=
pam]


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To: "Henry S. Thompson" <ht@inf.ed.ac.uk>
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From: Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im>
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Subject: Re: [urn] 2141bis - terminology, particularly about locators, names, and URNs
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On 12/30/16 12:36 PM, Henry S. Thompson wrote:
> Peter Saint-Andre <stpeter@stpeter.im> writes:
>
>> I would prefer to avoid coining unneeded terminology and potentially
>> causing more confusion that we already have in this space. That's why
>> I'd prefer "URI for a locator" or "URI that is a locator".
>>
>> Henry, can you not live with one of those phrases? (cf RFC 7282, §2)
>
> I can certainly live with "URI that is a locator".

That's my preferred phrase as well.

> (I have to say that I'm still worried that you seem to think that those
> two quoted phrases mean the same thing -- "a URI for a locator" means,
> to me, a URI for (some identifier which is itself) a locator, but I
> _hope_ that worry doesn't matter if we agree on "URI that is a
> locator".)

I had not picked up on the subtlety you've pointed out, but now that 
you've done so I agree even more strongly that it's best to use the 
phrase "URI that is a locator" (which is the phrasing in the working 
version I've sent to John; he now holds the pen and will be posting it 
in the next 24 hours or so).

Peter



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Date: Sat, 31 Dec 2016 11:31:19 -0500
From: John C Klensin <john-ietf@jck.com>
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Subject: [urn] draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-19
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Hi.

Ok, draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-19 has been posted.  It
incorporates the changes to the definition and use of "lcoator"
discussed on this list over the last 48 hours as well as a
number of editorial changes to improve clarity and readability.
For example, there are now several more explicit inter-sectional
cross-reference and some redundant text has been eliminate.  In
some case, the revisions make the text a bit more tedious, but
we have concluded that a bit of tediousness is preferable to
user confusion.

There has also been a small change in tone wrt 3986.   The
existence of conceptual, and sometimes confusing, differences
between 3986 -- a URL document with some URN aspects and
inclusions [1] -- and 2141bis have been called out explicit.
There are two reasons for this, neither of which is an attack on
3986:  (i) to reduce opportunities for endless discussions about
apparent, but small, differences in terminology between this
specification and 3986, as discussed on this list over the last
couple of weekss; (ii) to try to protect the URN definition
against the apparent likelihood that, whether the decision is
made in the marketplace or other SDOs, we seem to be in danger
of ending up with at least three different, even if mostly
consistent, specifications of URIs or subsets of them: 3986, the
WHATWG URL definition effort, and statements in various W3C
specs (notably related to HTML).

It is possible that a similar comment should be made about the
relationship between this document, its terminology, and other
specifications (whether internal or external to the IETF).   If
that is true, please send references and recommended text to the
list.

For Section 4.3(2), Henry suggested slightly different text; I
(and Peter) believe what is now present does the job and fits
better with the surrounding sections.  Anyone who believes
otherwise and thinks the debate is wroth reopening should say so.

Peter and I believe this draft is suitable for WGLC and that it
would be appropriate for the co-Chairs and WG to take a
"showstoppers and major issues only" position relative to
further comments.  We (and, as I understand it, Barry and
alexey) would really like to get this tied up before the Chicago
IETF.  The only way I can see to accomplish that is to stop
nit-picking about, e.g., minor issues of terminology.

best,
    john




[1] See the 2141bis text for details and references..


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A New Internet-Draft is available from the on-line Internet-Drafts directories.
This draft is a work item of the Uniform Resource Names, Revised of the IETF.

        Title           : Uniform Resource Names (URNs)
        Authors         : Peter Saint-Andre
                          John C Klensin
	Filename        : draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-19.txt
	Pages           : 43
	Date            : 2016-12-31

Abstract:
   A Uniform Resource Name (URN) is a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
   that is assigned under the "urn" URI scheme and a particular URN
   namespace, with the intent that the URN will be a persistent,
   location-independent resource identifier.  With regard to URN syntax,
   this document defines the canonical syntax for URNs (in a way that is
   consistent with URI syntax), specifies methods for determining URN-
   equivalence, and discusses URI conformance.  With regard to URN
   namespaces, this document specifies a method for defining a URN
   namespace and associating it with a namespace identifier, and
   describes procedures for registering namespace identifiers with the
   Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).  This document obsoletes
   both RFC 2141 and RFC 3406.


The IETF datatracker status page for this draft is:
https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn/

There's also a htmlized version available at:
https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-19

A diff from the previous version is available at:
https://www.ietf.org/rfcdiff?url2=draft-ietf-urnbis-rfc2141bis-urn-19


Please note that it may take a couple of minutes from the time of submission
until the htmlized version and diff are available at tools.ietf.org.

Internet-Drafts are also available by anonymous FTP at:
ftp://ftp.ietf.org/internet-drafts/

