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. How to provide SSL-based remote access to a broad range of Web and
legacy applications? 
. What about application performance and requirements?
. Are encrypted application tunneling issues solved? 
. What differences with IPsec VPNs?

These questions, among others, will be tackled by the most recognised
experts in this field during the SSL VPN Conference to be held in Paris from
November 30th to the 3rd of December, 2004.

 

A call for proposals is online at:

 <http://www.upperside.fr/sslvpn04/sslvpn04intro.htm>
http://www.upperside.fr/sslvpn04/sslvpn04intro.htm

 

 


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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
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style=3D'font-size:12.0pt'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></font></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><strong><b><font size=3D3 color=3D"#e5a700" =
face=3DArial><span
lang=3DEN-GB =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;font-family:Arial;color:#E5A700'>&#8226; =
</span></font></b></strong><font
face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB style=3D'font-family:Arial'>How to =
provide SSL-based
remote access to a broad range of Web and &nbsp;&nbsp;legacy =
applications? <br>
<strong><b><font color=3D"#e5a700" face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-family:Arial;
color:#E5A700'>&#8226; </span></font></b></strong>What about application
performance and requirements?<br>
<strong><b><font color=3D"#e5a700" face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-family:Arial;
color:#E5A700'>&#8226; </span></font></b></strong>Are encrypted =
application
tunneling issues solved? <br>
<strong><b><font color=3D"#e5a700" face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-family:Arial;
color:#E5A700'>&#8226; </span></font></b></strong>What differences with =
IPsec
VPNs?<br>
<br>
These questions, among others, will be tackled by the most recognised =
experts
in this field during the <strong><b><font color=3D"#015d6c" =
face=3DArial><span
style=3D'font-family:Arial;color:#015D6C'>SSL VPN =
Conference</span></font></b></strong>
to be held in <st1:place w:st=3D"on"><st1:City =
w:st=3D"on">Paris</st1:City></st1:place>
from November <span class=3Dtextebold>30th to the 3rd of December, =
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lang=3DEN-GB><o:p></o:p></span></p>

<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3D"Times New Roman"><span =
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D3 face=3DArial><span =
style=3D'font-size:12.0pt;
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title=3D"http://www.upperside.fr/sslvpn04/sslvpn04intro.htm"><span =
lang=3DEN-GB><span
title=3D"http://www.upperside.fr/sslvpn04/sslvpn04intro.htm">http://www.u=
pperside.fr/sslvpn04/sslvpn04intro.htm</span></span></a></span></font><sp=
an
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<p class=3DMsoNormal><font size=3D2 face=3DArial><span lang=3DEN-GB =
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--NextPart


A new Request for Comments is now available in online RFC libraries.


        RFC 3768

        Title:      Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP)
        Author(s):  R. Hinden, Ed.
        Status:     Standards Track
        Date:       April 2004
        Mailbox:    bob.hinden@nokia.com
        Pages:      27
        Characters: 59969
        Obsoletes:  2338

        I-D Tag:    draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt

        URL:        ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc3768.txt


This memo defines the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP).
VRRP specifies an election protocol that dynamically assigns
responsibility for a virtual router to one of the VRRP routers on a
LAN.  The VRRP router controlling the IP address(es) associated with
a virtual router is called the Master, and forwards packets sent to
these IP addresses.  The election process provides dynamic fail over
in the forwarding responsibility should the Master become
unavailable.  This allows any of the virtual router IP addresses on
the LAN to be used as the default first hop router by end-hosts.  The
advantage gained from using VRRP is a higher availability default
path without requiring configuration of dynamic routing or router
discovery protocols on every end-host.

This document is a product of the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol
Working Group of the IETF.

This is now a Draft Standard Protocol.

This document specifies an Internet standards track protocol for
the Internet community, and requests discussion and suggestions
for improvements.  Please refer to the current edition of the
"Internet Official Protocol Standards" (STD 1) for the
standardization state and status of this protocol.  Distribution
of this memo is unlimited.

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Reply-To: <williams@calsoft.co.in>
From: "William StanisLaus" <williams@calsoft.co.in>
To: <vrrp@ietf.org>
Date: Wed, 21 Apr 2004 17:51:48 +0530
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Subject: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
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Hi,
	I've a clarification with VRRP-GRAP usage.

When a VRRP Master comes up, Section 6.4.1 Initialize,
       o Broadcast a gratuitous ARP request containing the virtual
         router MAC address for each IP address associated with the
         virtual router.

Also Section 6.4.2 Backup
    - If the Master_Down_Timer fires, then:
       o Send an ADVERTISEMENT
       o Broadcast a gratuitous ARP request containing the virtual
         router MAC address for each IP address associated with the
         virtual router

- Is it the MAC braodcasted is Virtual MAC associated with the Virtual IP
address ?? or Physical MAC associated with Virtual IP physical interface .

If the Client host is holding Virtual MAC associated with the Virtual IP..
there is no need to send the GARP message in the first place. I beleive the
virtual MAC is calculated from the Virtual IP address, something similar to
Multicast MAC calculation form multicast address.

During ARP form the Client Host to the Router on virtual IP, ARP replies
with the virtual MAC for the virtual IP and not the physical MAC associated
with the virtual ip address.

In that case, we needn't bother about the GARP and any intermediate routers
between the VRRP router and client host. Because, some cases routers will
block boardcast packets to get propagated on other subnet, here GARP is a
broadcast packet.

Best Regards,
William StanisLaus.


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From: danny mitzel <danny_j_mitzel@yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
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--- William StanisLaus <williams@calsoft.co.in> wrote:
> When a VRRP Master comes up, Section 6.4.1
> Initialize,
>        o Broadcast a gratuitous ARP request
> containing the virtual
>          router MAC address for each IP address
> associated with the
>          virtual router.
>=20
> Also Section 6.4.2 Backup
>     - If the Master_Down_Timer fires, then:
>        o Send an ADVERTISEMENT
>        o Broadcast a gratuitous ARP request
> containing the virtual
>          router MAC address for each IP address
> associated with the
>          virtual router
>=20
> - Is it the MAC braodcasted is Virtual MAC
> associated with the Virtual IP
> address ?? or Physical MAC associated with Virtual
> IP physical interface .

in the references above where it says 'virtual
router MAC address' it means VMAC.  I guess we
should have been more consistent in using the term
VMAC throughout the spec since that's well defined
and less ambiguous.

so ARP packet 'sender harware address' =3D VMAC and
'sender protocol address' =3D VIP.


> If the Client host is holding Virtual MAC associated
> with the Virtual IP..
> there is no need to send the GARP message in the
> first place.=20

your interpretation is correct; within the vrrp
protocol there is absolutely no requirement /
reliance on ARP.  that was part of the [often
controversial] design decision to go with VMAC.
the whole gratuitous ARP thing is more related
to smoothing initial transition from non-VRRP
operation to VRRP.  if you've deployed your network
and have hosts with the default router physical=20
IP+MAC mapping in place and then you switch on
VRRP operation the gratuitous ARP is to hopefully
speed the switchover of those hosts.  within the
VRRP spec it was just easier to say 'always send
gratuitous ARP when a Master comes up' than to
try and figure out some robust mechanism to detect
just the case of the first Master transition when
VRRP is first enabled on the LAN.


cheers,danny



=09
	=09
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Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
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>=20
> first place. I beleive the virtual MAC is calculated from the=20
> Virtual IP address, something similar to Multicast MAC=20
> calculation form multicast address.
>=20

Wrong.

The virtual MAC is calculated from the configured VRRP VRID.
=20

Regards,

Renwei

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From: "William StanisLaus" <williams@calsoft.co.in>
To: "'Renwei Li'" <renwei@procket.com>, <vrrp@ietf.org>
Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 2004 12:19:32 +0530
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Thanks for all :)

but this reponse puzzles me ;)

what if ??

 +-------+   +-------+         +-------+   +-------+
 | Rtr1  |   | Rtr2  |         | Rtr3  |   | Rtr4  |
 |(MR    |   |(BR    |         |(MR    |   |(BR    |
 |VRID=1)|   |VRID=1 |         |VRID=1)|   |VRID=1 |
 +-------+   +-------+         +-------+   +-------+
 ---->*        *<- IP B      IP C->*       *<- IP D
 IP A |        |                   |       |
      |        |(Subnet 1)         |       |(Subnet 2)
 -----+--------+---------+      ---+----+--+-----+--
      ^        ^         |              ^        ^
      |        |         |              |        |
    (IP A)   (IP A)      |            (IP C)   (IP C)
      |        |         |              |        |
   +--+--+  +--+--+      |          +--+--+  +--+--+
   |  H1 |  |  H2 |      +----------|  H3 |  |  H4 |
   +-----+  +-----+         (IP A)  +--+--+  +--+--+ 


This is case, i assume VMAC calculation from VRID also consider's VRIP or
physical IP address.

otherwise, H3 will have same MAC configuration for both IP A and IP C

Best Regards,
William.





> -----Original Message-----
> From: Renwei Li [mailto:renwei@procket.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 22, 2004 5:48 AM
> To: williams@calsoft.co.in; vrrp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
> 
> 
> 
> 
> > 
> > first place. I beleive the virtual MAC is calculated from the 
> > Virtual IP address, something similar to Multicast MAC 
> > calculation form multicast address.
> > 
> 
> Wrong.
> 
> The virtual MAC is calculated from the configured VRRP VRID.
>  
> 
> Regards,
> 
> Renwei
> 

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From: danny mitzel <danny_j_mitzel@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
To: williams@calsoft.co.in, vrrp@ietf.org
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--- William StanisLaus <williams@calsoft.co.in> wrote:
<snip picture>
> This is case, i assume VMAC calculation from VRID
> also consider's VRIP or physical IP address.
>=20
> otherwise, H3 will have same MAC configuration for
> both IP A and IP C

the VRRP VMAC is not required to identify a globally=20
(world wide) unique piece of hardware.  for proper=20
VRRP (and LAN) operation a MAC is only required to be
unique within a LAN/broadcast domain.  that's the
scoping of the VMAC.

you're right that H3 would have IP A and IP C that
both map to the same VMAC1.  in normal host and
ARP table operation this is a non-issue because the
ARP table lookup key is the IP address.  if there's a=20
state table or MIB with MAC as the key this could
raise an issue.

the one scenario I've seen fairly common where=20
this VMAC LAN scoping raises problems is with some
L2 VLAN switches.  L2 switches that partition=20
station learning cache and other state per-VLAN
have no issues.  L2 switches that use a global
station learning cache across all VLAN don't like
this VRRP feature.  in those deployment the
administrator needs to assign a different VRID to
virtual routers across all VLANs.



=09
	=09
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From: "William StanisLaus" <williams@calsoft.co.in>
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Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
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when you have L2 Switch inbetween, there is always a problem,
hence i thought it will be good idea to use VRIP for calculating VMAC.

Best Regards,
William.



> -----Original Message-----
> From: danny mitzel [mailto:danny_j_mitzel@yahoo.com]
> Sent: Thursday, April 22, 2004 11:23 PM
> To: williams@calsoft.co.in; vrrp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
> 
> 
> 
> --- William StanisLaus <williams@calsoft.co.in> wrote:
> <snip picture>
> > This is case, i assume VMAC calculation from VRID
> > also consider's VRIP or physical IP address.
> > 
> > otherwise, H3 will have same MAC configuration for
> > both IP A and IP C
> 
> the VRRP VMAC is not required to identify a globally 
> (world wide) unique piece of hardware.  for proper 
> VRRP (and LAN) operation a MAC is only required to be
> unique within a LAN/broadcast domain.  that's the
> scoping of the VMAC.
> 
> you're right that H3 would have IP A and IP C that
> both map to the same VMAC1.  in normal host and
> ARP table operation this is a non-issue because the
> ARP table lookup key is the IP address.  if there's a 
> state table or MIB with MAC as the key this could
> raise an issue.
> 
> the one scenario I've seen fairly common where 
> this VMAC LAN scoping raises problems is with some
> L2 VLAN switches.  L2 switches that partition 
> station learning cache and other state per-VLAN
> have no issues.  L2 switches that use a global
> station learning cache across all VLAN don't like
> this VRRP feature.  in those deployment the
> administrator needs to assign a different VRID to
> virtual routers across all VLANs.
> 
> 
> 
> 	
> 		
> __________________________________
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From: danny mitzel <danny_j_mitzel@yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
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--- William StanisLaus <williams@calsoft.co.in> wrote:
> when you have L2 Switch inbetween, there is always a
> problem, hence i thought it will be good idea to use
> VRIP for calculating VMAC.

I'm not sure what you mean by 'there is always a
problem' when vrrp is deployed with L2 switch/bridge?

I did mention the one confirmed problem I've heard of=20
related to L2 switch implementing multiple logical L2=20
(VLANs) within a single switch.  but for the standard=20
L2 switch/bridge implementing a single LAN across all=20
ports there should be no significant issues and
correct protocol operation has been demonstrated in
many real deployments.  there is an
interaction with station learning cache on vrrp=20
master failover if the routers are connected to
different ports.  but that update is covered by the=20
vrrp protocol (via heartbeat using MAC.src=3DVMAC) and
I wouldn't classify it as a 'problem'. =20

I've heard rumors of issues/interactions related to
mostly non-standardized vendor 'value added features'.

e.g. locking a port down to a specific MAC address for

security/access control.  some rumors about=20
interactions with spanning tree loop detection when a=20
MAC changes port. etc.  but I'm not sure if those
have been confirmed/documented?



=09
	=09
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Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
Date: Thu, 22 Apr 2004 10:21:48 -0700
Message-ID: <D2EC481073504E498A8DB9C0687E8CAF079F4A2F@EXCHANGE0-0.na.procket.com>
Thread-Topic: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
Thread-Index: AcQoNfdYooNWvmxQQqmcMu086oGWIQAV0dOQ
From: "Renwei Li" <renwei@procket.com>
To: <williams@calsoft.co.in>, <vrrp@ietf.org>
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There is no puzzlement in your diagram!

In your diagram, the virtual MAC is still (and always) calculated from
the VRID. It is pretty much normal that different IP addresses are
mapped to the same MAC. Note that MAC is used for L2 encapsulation, but
not for IP forwarding.  When forwarding an IP packet, the host/router
needs to find out the next-hop interface, next-hop IP address, etc from
its routing table. After the next-hop IP address (in this diagram, it
will be either IP-A or IP-C)is found, the MAC address is used for the
encapsulation in the L2 header, and then the IP packet is forwarded out
of the next-hop interface.

Hope it helps.

Regards,

Renwei


> -----Original Message-----
> From: William StanisLaus [mailto:williams@calsoft.co.in]=20
> Sent: Wednesday, April 21, 2004 11:50 PM
> To: Renwei Li; vrrp@ietf.org
> Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
>=20
>=20
> Thanks for all :)
>=20
> but this reponse puzzles me ;)
>=20
> what if ??
>=20
>  +-------+   +-------+         +-------+   +-------+
>  | Rtr1  |   | Rtr2  |         | Rtr3  |   | Rtr4  |
>  |(MR    |   |(BR    |         |(MR    |   |(BR    |
>  |VRID=3D1)|   |VRID=3D1 |         |VRID=3D1)|   |VRID=3D1 |
>  +-------+   +-------+         +-------+   +-------+
>  ---->*        *<- IP B      IP C->*       *<- IP D
>  IP A |        |                   |       |
>       |        |(Subnet 1)         |       |(Subnet 2)
>  -----+--------+---------+      ---+----+--+-----+--
>       ^        ^         |              ^        ^
>       |        |         |              |        |
>     (IP A)   (IP A)      |            (IP C)   (IP C)
>       |        |         |              |        |
>    +--+--+  +--+--+      |          +--+--+  +--+--+
>    |  H1 |  |  H2 |      +----------|  H3 |  |  H4 |
>    +-----+  +-----+         (IP A)  +--+--+  +--+--+=20
>=20
>=20
> This is case, i assume VMAC calculation from VRID also=20
> consider's VRIP or physical IP address.
>=20
> otherwise, H3 will have same MAC configuration for both IP A and IP C
>=20
> Best Regards,
> William.
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
>=20
> > -----Original Message-----
> > From: Renwei Li [mailto:renwei@procket.com]
> > Sent: Thursday, April 22, 2004 5:48 AM
> > To: williams@calsoft.co.in; vrrp@ietf.org
> > Subject: RE: [VRRP] GARP in draft-ietf-vrrp-spec-v2-10.txt
> >=20
> >=20
> >=20
> >=20
> > >=20
> > > first place. I beleive the virtual MAC is calculated from the
> > > Virtual IP address, something similar to Multicast MAC=20
> > > calculation form multicast address.
> > >=20
> >=20
> > Wrong.
> >=20
> > The virtual MAC is calculated from the configured VRRP VRID.
> > =20
> >=20
> > Regards,
> >=20
> > Renwei
> >=20
>=20

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